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El-Kossi DMMH, Ibrahim SS, Hassanin KMA, Hamad N, Rashed NA, Abdel-Wahab A. Ameliorative Effects of Zinc Oxide, in Either Conventional or Nanoformulation, Against Bisphenol A Toxicity on Reproductive Performance, Oxidative Status, Gene Expression and Histopathology in Adult Male Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:2143-2157. [PMID: 37682394 PMCID: PMC10954980 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03830-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a widely used endocrine disruptor that represents a significant risk to male reproductive function. Zinc (Zn) is vital for appropriate development of testes and to guarantee optimal testicular function and spermatogenesis. Our goal was to investigate if zinc oxide (ZnO), either in conventional or nanoformulation, could safeguard adult male rats' reproductive performance against the damaging effects of BPA. Signaling expression of CYP11A1 and Nrf-2 in the testis, testicular oxidant-antioxidant status, Bax/Bcl-2 apoptotic ratio, and histological examination of various reproductive organs were all evaluated. Twenty-eight adult male albino rats were divided randomly into 4 groups (7 animals each) including the control, BPA, conventional zinc oxide (cZnO) + BPA, and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) + BPA groups. The study was extended for 2 successive months. Our findings revealed strong negative effects of BPA on sperm cell characteristics such as sperm motility, viability, concentration and abnormalities. Additionally, BPA reduced serum levels of testosterone, triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroxine (T4). Also, it evoked marked oxidative stress in the testes; elevating malondialdehyde (MDA) and reducing total antioxidant capacity (TAC). BPA significantly downregulated testicular mRNA relative expression levels of CYP11A1 and Nrf-2, compared to control. Testicular apoptosis was also prompted by increasing Bax/ Bcl-2 ratio in testicular tissue. Histopathological findings in the testes, epididymis, prostate gland, and seminal vesicle confirmed the detrimental effects of BPA. Interestingly, cZnO and ZnO-NPs significantly alleviated all negative effects of BPA, but ZnO-NPs performed better. In conclusion, our findings point to ZnO, specifically ZnO-NPs, as a viable treatment for BPA-induced testicular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina M M H El-Kossi
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, 61519, Egypt
| | - Shawky S Ibrahim
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Kamel M A Hassanin
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, 61519, Egypt
| | - Nashwa Hamad
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515, Egypt
| | - Noha A Rashed
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abdel-Wahab
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, 61519, Egypt.
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Molayousefian I, Karim B, Hosseini SM, Moghadamnia AA, Kazemi S. Kaempferol alleviates bisphenol A reproductive toxicity in rats in a dose-dependent manner. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 704:149674. [PMID: 38387328 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), including bisphenol A (BPA), are a major cause of male infertility by disrupting spermatogenesis. OBJECTIVE Here, we examined the potential protective benefits of kaempferol (KMF), a flavonol known for its antioxidant properties, on BPA-induced reproductive toxicity in adult male rats. METHODS Human skin fibroblast cells (HNFF-P18) underwent cell viability assays. Thirty-five male Wistar rats were assigned to four groups: 1) control, 2) BPA (10 mg/kg), 3,4) BPA, and different dosages of KMF (1 and 10 mg/kg). The study examined the rats' testosterone serum level, antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), oxidative markers malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), body weight, weight ratios of testis and prostate, and histopathological examinations. RESULTS The study revealed that using KMF to treat rats exposed to BPA increased cell viability. Moreover, the rats' testosterone levels, which BPA reduced, showed a significant increase after KMF was included in the treatment regimen. Treatment with BPA led to oxidative stress and tissue damage, but simultaneous treatment with KMF restored the damaged tissue to its normal state. Histopathology studies on testis and prostate tissues showed that KMF had an ameliorative impact on BPA-induced tissue damage. CONCLUSIONS The research suggests that KMF, a flavonol, could protect male rats from the harmful effects of BPA on reproductive health, highlighting its potential healing properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inas Molayousefian
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Bardia Karim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | | | - Ali Akbar Moghadamnia
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Sohrab Kazemi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
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Peña-Corona SI, Chávez-Corona JI, Pérez-Caltzontzin LE, Vargas-Estrada D, Mendoza-Rodríguez CA, Ramos-Martínez E, Cerbón-Gutiérrez JL, Herrera-Barragán JA, Quintanar-Guerrero D, Leyva-Gómez G. Melatonin and Vitamins as Protectors against the Reproductive Toxicity of Bisphenols: Which Is the Most Effective? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14930. [PMID: 37834378 PMCID: PMC10573514 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisphenols such as bisphenol A (BPA), S (BPS), C (BPC), F (BPF), AF (BPAF), tetrabromobisphenol, nonylphenol, and octylphenol are plasticizers used worldwide to manufacture daily-use articles. Exposure to these compounds is related to many pathologies of public health importance, such as infertility. Using a protector compound against the reproductive toxicological effects of bisphenols is of scientific interest. Melatonin and vitamins have been tested, but the results are not conclusive. To this end, this systematic review and meta-analysis compared the response of reproductive variables to melatonin and vitamin administration as protectors against damage caused by bisphenols. We search for controlled studies of male rats exposed to bisphenols to induce alterations in reproduction, with at least one intervention group receiving melatonin or vitamins (B, C, or E). Also, molecular docking simulations were performed between the androgen (AR) and estrogen receptors (ER), melatonin, and vitamins. About 1234 records were initially found; finally, 13 studies were qualified for review and meta-analysis. Melatonin plus bisphenol improves sperm concentration and viability of sperm and increases testosterone serum levels compared with control groups; however, groups receiving vitamins plus bisphenols had lower sperm concentration, total testis weight, and testosterone serum levels than the control. In the docking analysis, vitamin E had the highest negative MolDock score, representing the best binding affinity with AR and ER, compared with other vitamins and melatonin in the docking. Our findings suggest that vitamins could act as an endocrine disruptor, and melatonin is most effective in protecting against the toxic effects of bisphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila I. Peña-Corona
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (S.I.P.-C.); (L.E.P.-C.)
| | - Juan I. Chávez-Corona
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Posgrado en Tecnología Farmacéutica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México-FESC, Campus 1, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico; (J.I.C.-C.); (D.Q.-G.)
| | - Luis E. Pérez-Caltzontzin
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (S.I.P.-C.); (L.E.P.-C.)
| | - Dinorah Vargas-Estrada
- Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
| | - C. Adriana Mendoza-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (C.A.M.-R.); (E.R.-M.)
| | - Edgar Ramos-Martínez
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (C.A.M.-R.); (E.R.-M.)
- Escuela de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca 04510, Mexico
| | - Jose L. Cerbón-Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Reproducción, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
| | - José A. Herrera-Barragán
- Departamento de Producción Agricola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco, Ciudad de México 04960, Mexico;
| | - David Quintanar-Guerrero
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Posgrado en Tecnología Farmacéutica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México-FESC, Campus 1, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico; (J.I.C.-C.); (D.Q.-G.)
| | - Gerardo Leyva-Gómez
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (S.I.P.-C.); (L.E.P.-C.)
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El-Kossi DMMH, Ibrahim SS, Hassanin KMA, Hamad N, Rashed NA, Elkhouly HI, Abdel-Wahab A. The protective effects of date seeds, in either conventional or nanoformulation, against bisphenol A-induced testicular toxicity: involvement of testicular expression of CYP11A1, Nrf-2 and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2023; 12:930-942. [PMID: 37915476 PMCID: PMC10615815 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfad082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC), is ubiquitous in our environment and poses a significant threat to male fertility. Date seeds (DSs) are used in folk medicine due to their antioxidant activity. Aim The purpose of this study was to assess the beneficial effects of DSs, whether in powder or nanoparticle form, against BPA-induced testicular oxidative challenges and apoptosis, aided by inspection of specific genes linked to fertility, oxidative stress and intrinsic mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis. Methods Thirty-five adult male albino rats were equally divided into 5 groups including control, BPA, BPA + date seeds powder "DSP", BPA + date seed nanoparticle 1/10 (DSNP 1/10) and BPA + DSNP 1/20 groups. Results TEM showed that the ball-mill method was effective to form DSNP with an average size of 20 nm. BPA significantly impaired sperm motility, morphology, viability and concentration. It also reduced serum testosterone levels and evoked marked oxidative stress in the testes. Additionally, serum levels of triiodothyronine and thyroxine were extremely reduced. Moreover, testicular mRNA relative expression levels of CYP11A1 and Nrf-2 were markedly downregulated. Testicular apoptosis was also promoted whereas Bax/Bcl-2 ratio was profoundly elevated. Histological pictures of the testes, epididymis, seminal vesicles and prostate confirmed the unfavorable effects of BPA. Surprisingly, we first demonstrated that DSs, specifically the nanoparticle form, strongly alleviated all of BPA's negative effects, with DSNP 1/20 achieving the best results. Conclusion Therefore, DSNP in both doses could be regarded as an ideal candidate for abating the male reproductive challenges caused by BPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina M M H El-Kossi
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Minia University, Universities District, Seventh Avenue, New El-Minia City, El-Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Shawky S Ibrahim
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Shamla St. next to the Directorate of Roads and Bridges, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Kamel M A Hassanin
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Minia University, Universities District, Seventh Avenue, New El-Minia City, El-Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Nashwa Hamad
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Noha A Rashed
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Heba I Elkhouly
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62513, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abdel-Wahab
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Minia University, Universities District, Seventh Avenue, New El-Minia City, El-Minia 61519, Egypt
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Peña-Corona SI, Vargas-Estrada D, Chávez-Corona JI, Mendoza-Rodríguez CA, Caballero-Chacón S, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Gracia-Mora MI, Galván-Vela DP, García-Rodríguez H, Sánchez-Bartez F, Vergara-Onofre M, Leyva-Gómez G. Vitamin E (α-Tocopherol) Does Not Ameliorate the Toxic Effect of Bisphenol S on the Metabolic Analytes and Pancreas Histoarchitecture of Diabetic Rats. TOXICS 2023; 11:626. [PMID: 37505591 PMCID: PMC10383361 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11070626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated whether the coadministration of vitamin E (VitE) diminishes the harmful effects provoked by plasticizer bisphenol S (BPS) in the serum metabolites related to hepatic and renal metabolism, as well as the endocrine pancreatic function in diabetic male Wistar rats. Rats were divided into five groups (n = 5-6); the first group was healthy rats (Ctrl group). The other four groups were diabetic rats induced with 45 mg/kg bw of streptozotocin: Ctrl-D (diabetic control); VitE-D (100 mg/kg bw/d of VitE); BPS-D (100 mg/kg bw/d of BPS); The animals from the VitE + BPS-D group were administered 100 mg/kg bw/d of VitE + 100 mg/kg bw/d of BPS. All compounds were administered orally for 30 days. Body weight, biochemical assays, urinalysis, glucose tolerance test, pancreas histopathology, proximate chemical analysis in feces, and the activity of antioxidants in rat serum were assessed. The coadministration of VitE + BPS produced weight losses, increases in 14 serum analytes, and degeneration in the pancreas. Therefore, the VitE + BPS coadministration did not have a protective effect versus the harmful impact of BPS or the diabetic metabolic state; on the contrary, it partially aggravated the damage produced by the BPS. VitE is likely to have an additive effect on the toxicity of BPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila I Peña-Corona
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Dinorah Vargas-Estrada
- Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Juan I Chávez-Corona
- Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - C Adriana Mendoza-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Sara Caballero-Chacón
- Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - María Isabel Gracia-Mora
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Nuclear, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Diana Patricia Galván-Vela
- Unidad de Investigación Preclínica (UNIPREC), Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Helena García-Rodríguez
- Unidad de Investigación Preclínica (UNIPREC), Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Francisco Sánchez-Bartez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Nuclear, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Marcela Vergara-Onofre
- Departamento de Producción Agricola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco, Ciudad de México 04960, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Leyva-Gómez
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
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Lambré C, Barat Baviera JM, Bolognesi C, Chesson A, Cocconcelli PS, Crebelli R, Gott DM, Grob K, Lampi E, Mengelers M, Mortensen A, Rivière G, Silano (until 21 December 2020†) V, Steffensen I, Tlustos C, Vernis L, Zorn H, Batke M, Bignami M, Corsini E, FitzGerald R, Gundert‐Remy U, Halldorsson T, Hart A, Ntzani E, Scanziani E, Schroeder H, Ulbrich B, Waalkens‐Berendsen D, Woelfle D, Al Harraq Z, Baert K, Carfì M, Castoldi AF, Croera C, Van Loveren H. Re-evaluation of the risks to public health related to the presence of bisphenol A (BPA) in foodstuffs. EFSA J 2023; 21:e06857. [PMID: 37089179 PMCID: PMC10113887 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2023.6857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2015, EFSA established a temporary tolerable daily intake (t-TDI) for BPA of 4 μg/kg body weight (bw) per day. In 2016, the European Commission mandated EFSA to re-evaluate the risks to public health from the presence of BPA in foodstuffs and to establish a tolerable daily intake (TDI). For this re-evaluation, a pre-established protocol was used that had undergone public consultation. The CEP Panel concluded that it is Unlikely to Very Unlikely that BPA presents a genotoxic hazard through a direct mechanism. Taking into consideration the evidence from animal data and support from human observational studies, the immune system was identified as most sensitive to BPA exposure. An effect on Th17 cells in mice was identified as the critical effect; these cells are pivotal in cellular immune mechanisms and involved in the development of inflammatory conditions, including autoimmunity and lung inflammation. A reference point (RP) of 8.2 ng/kg bw per day, expressed as human equivalent dose, was identified for the critical effect. Uncertainty analysis assessed a probability of 57-73% that the lowest estimated Benchmark Dose (BMD) for other health effects was below the RP based on Th17 cells. In view of this, the CEP Panel judged that an additional uncertainty factor (UF) of 2 was needed for establishing the TDI. Applying an overall UF of 50 to the RP, a TDI of 0.2 ng BPA/kg bw per day was established. Comparison of this TDI with the dietary exposure estimates from the 2015 EFSA opinion showed that both the mean and the 95th percentile dietary exposures in all age groups exceeded the TDI by two to three orders of magnitude. Even considering the uncertainty in the exposure assessment, the exceedance being so large, the CEP Panel concluded that there is a health concern from dietary BPA exposure.
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Vujčić Bok V, Gerić M, Gajski G, Gagić S, Domijan AM. Phytotoxicity of Bisphenol A to Allium cepa Root Cells Is Mediated through Growth Hormone Gibberellic Acid and Reactive Oxygen Species. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052046. [PMID: 36903292 PMCID: PMC10004651 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to test the phytotoxicity and mode of action of bisphenol A (BPA) on Allium cepa using a multibiomarker approach. A. cepa roots were exposed to BPA in concentration range 0-50 mg L-1 for 3 days. BPA even in the lowest applied concentration (1 mg L-1) reduced root length, root fresh weight, and mitotic index. Additionally, the lowest BPA concentration (1 mg L-1) decreased the level of gibberellic acid (GA3) in root cells. BPA at concentration 5 mg L-1 increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that was followed by increase in oxidative damage to cells' lipids and proteins and activity of enzyme superoxide dismutase. BPA in higher concentrations (25 and 50 mg L-1) induced genome damage detected as an increase in micronucleus (MNs) and nuclear buds (NBUDs). BPA at >25 mg L-1 induced synthesis of phytochemicals. Results of this study using multibiomarker approach indicate that BPA is phytotoxic to A. cepa roots and has shown genotoxic potential to plants, thus its presence in the environment should be monitored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerija Vujčić Bok
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Kovačićeva 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marko Gerić
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute form Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Goran Gajski
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute form Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sanja Gagić
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Kovačićeva 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana-Marija Domijan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Kovačićeva 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-1481-8288
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Aldhahrani A. Paullinia cupana seed extract ameliorated methotrexate-induced testicular dysfunction through the regulation of antioxidants, inflammatory, apoptosis/anti-apoptosis, and steroidogenesis-associated genes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:15115-15127. [PMID: 36168017 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22698-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Methotrexate (MXT) is a medication used for cancer and rheumatoid treatment with severe organs toxicity as a side effect. Paullinia cupana (Guarana) is a plant with pleiotropic functions used to overcome the side effects of some chemotherapeutic medications. Current study aimed to examine the possible protective effect of guarana against oxidative stress induced by a single dose of MTX in testis. Forty male mice were divided into 4 groups (8 weeks old; 30 g weight), 1st group is negative control. The 2nd group is positive intoxicated group, received a single dose of MTX intraperitoneally (IP; 20 mg/kg BW in saline) on day 7. The 3rd group received guarana seed extract orally (300 mg/kg BW daily) for 12 days. The protective group was given guarana seed extract orally for 1 week, then on day 7 injected with MTX, and continued with guarana for extra 5 days. Blood was taken for biochemical measurement (hormones, antioxidants, cytokines, and oxidative stress biomarkers). Testicular tissues were taken for gene quantification (qRT-PCR), testicular oxidative stress activity (malondialdehyde; MDA, and SOD) and comet assay (sperm DNA damage), and histopathological changes at the end of experimental design. MTX intoxication caused a decrease in testicular SOD, GSH, and catalase and an increase in serum and tissue levels of MDA. Biomarkers of oxidative stress were increased by MTX intoxication, and were ameliorated by guarana administration to MTX-intoxicated mice. Guarana prevented the increase in IL-1β and IL-6 levels compared to mice intoxicated with MTX alone. MTX upregulated the expression of caspase-3 and downregulated Bcl-2 expression using qRT-PCR analysis. These negative impacts of MTX were protected by guarana pre-administration. MTX decreased reproductive hormones and altered spermogram parameters (sperm concentration and motility, and percentage of live and dead sperms). In addition, the mRNA expression of steroidogenesis-associated genes, such cytochrome P450 cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc), and 17β hydroxyl steroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD) was downregulated in the MTX-treated group, all were prevented by guarana administration. The sperm DNA damage revealed by a comet assay was increased in MTX group and was reversed to control levels by guarana supplementation. Finally, testis histology of MTX-group showed marked spermatocytes vacuolization and a decrease in spermatogenesis. Guarana administration abrogated histopathological changes reported in the Leydig cells and testicular tissues. In conclusion, guarana has the potential as a supplement medication to antagonize testicular oxidative stress induced by methotrexate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil Aldhahrani
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, Turabah University College, Taif University, Taif, 21995, Saudi Arabia.
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Majid M, Farhan A, Baig MW, Khan MT, Kamal Y, Hassan SSU, Bungau S, Haq IU. Ameliorative Effect of Structurally Divergent Oleanane Triterpenoid, 3-Epifriedelinol from Ipomoea batatas against BPA-Induced Gonadotoxicity by Targeting PARP and NF-κB Signaling in Rats. Molecules 2022; 28:molecules28010290. [PMID: 36615482 PMCID: PMC9822353 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The pentacyclic triterpenoids (PTs) of plant origin are reputed to restrain prostate cancer (PCa) cell proliferation. This study aims to assess 3-epifriedelinol (EFD) isolated from aerial part of Ipomoea batatas against PCa and its potential mechanism, in vitro and in vivo. Molecular docking affirms good binding affinity of the compound with target proteins exhibiting binding energy of −7.9 Kcal/mol with BAX, −8.1 Kcal/mol (BCL-2), −1.9 Kcal/mol (NF-κB) and −8.5 Kcal/mol with P53. In the MTT assay, EFD treatment (3−50 µM) showed a significant (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01) dose and time dependent drop in the proliferative graph of DU145 and PC3, and an upsurge in apoptotic cell population. EFD displayed substantial IC50 against DU145 (32.32 ± 3.72 µM) and PC3 (35.22 ± 3.47 µM). According to Western blots, EFD administration significantly enhanced the cleavage of caspases and PARP, elevated BAX and P53 and decreased BCL-2 and NF-κB expression, thereby triggering apoptosis in PCa cells. When male Sprague Dawley rats were intoxicated with Bisphenol A (BPA), an apparent increase in prostate mass (0.478 ± 0.08 g) in comparison to control (0.385 ± 0.03 g) indicates prostatitis. Multidose treatment of EFD (10 mg/kg) significantly reduced prostate size (0.404 ± 0.05 g). EFD exhibited substantial curative potential in vivo, as hematological, hormonal and histopathological parameters have been significantly improved. Reduced peroxidation (TBARS), and suppression of inflammatory markers i.e., NO, IL-6 and TNF-α, signposts substantial antiinflammatory potential of the compound. Overall, EFD has shown better binding affinity with target molecules, acceptable ADMET profile, potent antiproliferative and apoptotic nature and significant reduction in inflamed prostate mass of rats. The present study demonstrates acceptable physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties of the compound with excellent drugable nature, hence EFD in the form of standardized formulation can be developed as primary or adjuvant therapy against PCa and toxins-induced gonadotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Majid
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
| | - Anam Farhan
- Department of Biology, School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore 54792, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Waleed Baig
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tariq Khan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Capital University of Science and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Yousaf Kamal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
| | - Syed Shams ul Hassan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Correspondence: (S.S.u.H.); (S.B.); (I.-u.H.)
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania
- Correspondence: (S.S.u.H.); (S.B.); (I.-u.H.)
| | - Ihsan-ul Haq
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (S.S.u.H.); (S.B.); (I.-u.H.)
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10
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Tekin S, Çelebi F. Investigation of the effect of hesperidin on some reproductive parameters in testicular toxicity induced by Bisphenol A. Andrologia 2022; 54:e14562. [PMID: 35985655 DOI: 10.1111/and.14562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the chemicals that cause dysfunction and infertility in testicles. Therefore, it is crucial to develop effective treatments against this damage. In this study, the effects of Hesperidin (HESP), a flavonoid in testicular toxicity induced by BPA in rats, on oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, histological damage, spermatogenesis, steroidogenic enzymes and reproductive hormones were investigated. Our study used 52 Sprague Dawley male rats weighing 250-300 g, and four experimental groups were formed. From the experimental groups, 1 ml of olive oil was administered to the control group, HESP at a dose of 50 mg/kg to the HESP group, BPA at a dose of 100 mg/kg to the BPA group, HESP at a dose of 50 mg/kg to the BPA + HESP group and 100 mg/kg BPA was administered intragastrically (ig) for 14 days. We determined that BPA administration causes apoptosis, histological damage, inflammation, oxidative stress and toxic effects on spermatogenesis and steroidogenic enzymes in testicles. We observed that the administration of HESP with BPA attenuated oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis resulting in therapeutic effects on both steroidogenic enzymes and spermatogenesis and reproductive hormones (FSH, LH and testosterone). Our findings from this study clearly showed that while HESP treatment alleviates oxidative damage, inflammation and apoptosis in testicles of rats treated with BPA, it has regulatory effects on steroidogenic enzymes, spermatogenesis and serum reproductive hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samet Tekin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Fikret Çelebi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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11
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Eltamany EE, Mosalam EM, Mehanna ET, Awad BM, Mosaad SM, Abdel-Kader MS, Ibrahim AK, Badr JM, Goda MS. Potential Gonado-Protective Effect of Cichorium endivia and Its Major Phenolic Acids against Methotrexate-Induced Testicular Injury in Mice. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081986. [PMID: 36009533 PMCID: PMC9406180 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cichorium endivia L. (Asteraceae) is a wide edible plant that grows in the Mediterranean region. In this study, a phytochemical investigation of C. endivia L. ethanolic extract led to the isolation of stigmasterol (1), ursolic acid (2), β-amyrin (3), azelaic acid (4), vanillic acid (5), (6S, 7E)-6-hydroxy-4,7-megastigmadien-3,9-dione (S(+)-dehydrovomifoliol) (6), 4-hydroxy phenyl acetic acid (7), vomifoliol (8), ferulic acid (9), protocatechuic acid (10), kaempferol (11), p. coumaric acid (12), and luteolin (13). In addition, the total phenolic content as well as the in vitro antioxidant activity of C. endivia L. extract were estimated. Moreover, we inspected the potential gonado-protective effect of C. endivia crude extract, its phenolic fraction, and the isolated coumaric, vanillic, and ferulic acids against methotrexate (MTX)-induced testicular injury in mice. There were seven groups: normal control, MTX control, MTX + C. endivia crude extract, MTX + C. endivia phenolic fraction, MTX + isolated coumaric acid, MTX + isolated vanillic acid, and MTX + isolated ferulic acid. MTX was given by i.p. injection of a 20 mg/kg single dose. The crude extract and phenolic fraction were given with a dose of 100 mg/kg/day, whereas the compounds were given at a dose of 10 mg/kg/day. A histopathological examination was done. The testosterone level was detected in serum together with the testicular content of malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2 associated x protein (Bax), p53, and miR-29a. C. endivia crude extract, the phenolic fraction, and the isolated compounds showed significant elevation in their levels of testosterone, CAT, SOD, Bcl-2 with a significant decrease in their levels of MDA, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, NF-κB, Bax, P53, and miR-29a compared to those of the MTX control group. In conclusion, C. endivia mitigated MTX-induced germ cell toxicity via anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enas E. Eltamany
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Esraa M. Mosalam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Koum 32511, Egypt
| | - Eman T. Mehanna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Basma M. Awad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, El-Arish 45518, Egypt
| | - Sarah M. Mosaad
- Division of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of Continuous Medical Education, General Authority of Healthcare, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Maged S. Abdel-Kader
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21215, Egypt
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-545-539-145
| | - Amany K. Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Jihan M. Badr
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Marwa S. Goda
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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12
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Knowledge Gap in Understanding the Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory Protein Regulation in Steroidogenesis Following Exposure to Bisphenol A and Its Analogues. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061281. [PMID: 35740303 PMCID: PMC9219931 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of bisphenols has become extremely common in our daily lives. Due to the extensive toxic effects of Bisphenol A (BPA), the industry has replaced this endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC) with its analogues, which have been proven to decrease testosterone levels via several mechanisms, including targeting the steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) protein. However, when exposed to BPA and its analogues, the specific mechanism that emerges to target StAR protein regulations remains uncertain. Hence, this review discusses the effects of BPA and its analogues in StAR protein regulation by targeting cAMP-PKA, PLC-PKC, EGFR-MAPK/ERK and Ca2+-Nur77. BPA and its analogues mainly lead to decreased LH in blood and increased ERK expression and Ca2+ influx, with no relationship with the StAR protein regulation in testicular steroidogenesis. Furthermore, the involvement of the cAMP-PKA, PLC-PKC, and Nur77 molecules in StAR regulation in Leydig cells exposed to BPA and its analogues remains questionable. In conclusion, although BPA and its analogues have been found to disrupt the StAR protein, the evidence in connecting the signaling pathways with the StAR regulations in testicular steroidogenesis is still lacking, and more research is needed to draw a solid conclusion.
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Ameliorative Impact of Silymarin on the Male Reproductive System: An Updated Systematic Review. JORJANI BIOMEDICINE JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.52547/jorjanibiomedj.10.2.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
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14
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Zhang H, Yang R, Shi W, Zhou X, Sun S. The association between bisphenol A exposure and oxidative damage in rats/mice: A systematic review and meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 292:118444. [PMID: 34742820 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies reported that BPA could cause oxidative damage to different tissues in rats/mice. This study aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of BPA exposure on oxidative damage in rats/mice. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases from their inception date until July 18, 2020. 20 eligible articles were included in this study. The results showed that BPA could significantly increase the level of MDA (SMD, 16.88; 95%CI, 12.06-21.71), but there was a significant reduction in the contents of antioxidants, such as GR (-10.46, -13.91 ∼ -7.02), CAT (-8.48, -11.66 ∼ -5.30), GPx (-9.37, -11.95 ∼ -6.80), GST (-7.59, -14.51 ∼ -0.67), GSH (-10.64, -13.96 ~ -7.33), and SOD (-6.48, -8.37 ∼ -4.58) in rats/mice. Our study provided clear evidence that BPA exposure could significantly induce oxidative damage in rats/mice. And we also found that the degree of oxidative damage was related to BPA dose, target tissue, intervention means, and exposure duration of BPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China; Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Ruifu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Wanying Shi
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Suju Sun
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.
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15
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Shamhari A‘A, Abd Hamid Z, Budin SB, Shamsudin NJ, Taib IS. Bisphenol A and Its Analogues Deteriorate the Hormones Physiological Function of the Male Reproductive System: A Mini-Review. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1744. [PMID: 34829973 PMCID: PMC8615890 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BPA is identified as an endocrine-disrupting chemical that deteriorates the physiological function of the hormones of the male reproductive system. Bisphenol F (BPF), bisphenol S (BPS), and bisphenol AF (BPAF) are actively explored as substitutes for BPA and are known as BPA analogues in most manufacturing industries. These analogues may demonstrate the same adverse effects as BPA on the male reproductive system; however, toxicological data explaining the male reproductive hormones' physiological functions are still limited. Hence, this mini-review discusses the effects of BPA and its analogues on the physiological functions of hormones in the male reproductive system, focusing on the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad (HPG) axis, steroidogenesis, and spermatogenesis outcomes. The BPA analogues mainly show a similar negative effect on the hormones' physiological functions, proven by alterations in the HPG axis and steroidogenesis via activation of the aromatase activity and reduction of spermatogenesis outcomes when compared to BPA in in vitro and in vivo studies. Human biomonitoring studies also provide significant adverse effects on the physiological functions of hormones in the male reproductive system. In conclusion, BPA and its analogues deteriorate the physiological functions of hormones in the male reproductive system as per in vitro, in vivo, and human biomonitoring studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma’ ‘Afifah Shamhari
- Centre for Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (A.‘A.S.); (Z.A.H.); (S.B.B.)
| | - Zariyantey Abd Hamid
- Centre for Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (A.‘A.S.); (Z.A.H.); (S.B.B.)
| | - Siti Balkis Budin
- Centre for Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (A.‘A.S.); (Z.A.H.); (S.B.B.)
| | - Nurul Jehan Shamsudin
- Centre for Toxicology and Health Risk Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia;
| | - Izatus Shima Taib
- Centre for Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (A.‘A.S.); (Z.A.H.); (S.B.B.)
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