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Akarsu SA, İleritürk M, Küçükler S, Akaras N, Gür C, Kandemir FM. Ameliorative effects of sinapic acid against vancomycin-induced testicular oxidative damage, apoptosis, inflammation, testicular histopathologic disorders and decreased epididymal sperm quality. Reprod Toxicol 2024; 129:108666. [PMID: 39059777 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
In this study, it was aimed to determine the effect of sinapic acid (SNP), a polyphenol with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties, on testicular damage caused by vancomycin (VCM), a widely used antibiotic against gram positive bacteria. A total of 35 male Sprague Dawley rats were used in the study, divided into five groups: control, VCM, SNP, VCM + SNP 10, and VCM + SNP 20. Following a week of oral administration, the rats were euthanized under sevoflurane anesthesia. While the VCM group had a significant increase in MDA levels, the SNP administration inhibited the increase in MDA levels. VCM led to a significant decrease in GSH levels, SOD, CAT, and GPx activity in the testicular tissue of rats, while SNP administration increased these antioxidant levels. SNP administration decreased the mRNA expression levels of VCM induced Nrf-2, HO-1, and NQO1 in testicular tissue while increasing the levels of MAPK14, MAPK15, JNK, P53, Apaf-1, Caspase-3, Caspase-6, Caspase-9, and Beclin-1 mRNA transcript levels. The VCM group showed a significant increase in Bax and NF-κB levels in testicular tissue, while Bcl-2 levels decreased. VCM significantly decreased sperm motility and increased the percentage of damaged sperm in rats. Histopathological results revealed that VCM caused disruption of basement membranes and disorganization of seminiferous tubules, but SNP administration preserved testicular histology. As a result, VCM increased oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy in the testicular tissue of rats, altered testicular histopathology, and decreased sperm quality, while SNP decreased these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serkan Ali Akarsu
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa İleritürk
- Department of Laboratory and Veterinary Health, Horasan Vocational School, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Sefa Küçükler
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Nurhan Akaras
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Cihan Gür
- Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Fatih Mehmet Kandemir
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
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Demir S, Kazaz IO, Mungan SA, Alemdar NT, Perolli N, Demir EA, Mentese A. Usnic acid alleviates testicular ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats by modulating endoplasmic reticulum stress. Reprod Toxicol 2024; 128:108654. [PMID: 38960207 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Testicular torsion (TT) is a urological condition that can result in infertility in men. The etiopathogenesis of TT includes ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) characterized by oxidative stress (OS), inflammation and apoptosis resulting from increased levels of free radicals. Usnic acid (UA), a dibenzofuran, is one of the most common metabolites found in lichens and is known to possess powerful antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential protective activity of UA in an experimental testicular IRI model for the first time. A total of 18 rats were randomly assigned to three groups (n=6): sham control, IRI and IRI+UA. The IRI groups underwent a four-hour period of ischemia and a two-hour period of reperfusion. The OS, inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and apoptosis markers in testicular tissue were evaluated using colorimetric methods. Furthermore, tissue samples were subjected to histological examination, with staining using hematoxylin and eosin. Histopathological findings supported by increased OS, inflammation, ERS and apoptosis levels were obtained in IRI group compared with sham control group. However, UA treatment restored these pathological and biochemical changes. Although this study provides the first preliminary evidence that UA may be used as a useful molecule against testicular IRI, further extensive molecular preclinical studies should be performed before clinical use is considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selim Demir
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon 61080, Turkiye.
| | - Ilke Onur Kazaz
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon 61080, Turkiye
| | - Sevdegul Aydin Mungan
- Department of Medical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon 61080, Turkiye
| | - Nihal Turkmen Alemdar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon 61080, Turkiye; Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize 53100, Turkiye
| | - Nijazi Perolli
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon 61080, Turkiye
| | - Elif Ayazoglu Demir
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies, Macka Vocational School, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon 61750, Turkiye
| | - Ahmet Mentese
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon 61080, Turkiye
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Kazak F, Akcakavak G, Alakus I, Alakus H, Kirgiz O, Karatas O, Deveci MZY, Coskun P. Proanthocyanidin alleviates testicular torsion/detorsion-induced ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. Tissue Cell 2024; 89:102459. [PMID: 39002290 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Testicular torsion is an urological emergency and can lead to ischemia damage and testicular loss if not diagnosed in time. Proanthocyanidin is reported to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The current study aimed to examine the possible effects of proanthocyanidin (P) on the testis in torsion/detorsion (T/D)-induced testicular ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. Forty rats were divided into four groups (n=10 for each): sham-operated (sham), I/R, I/R + P100 (100 mg/kg, 30 min before torsion), and I/R + P200 (200 mg/kg, 30 min before torsion). Testicular T/D was performed on the left testicle by 3 hours of torsion at 720° clockwise, followed by 3 hours of detorsion. In the I/R group, an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and a decrease in glutathione (GSH), vitamin C (Vit C), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) values were determined compared to the sham group (p<0.001). Moreover, an increase in the expression of cleaved caspase-3 and Bcl2-associated X protein (Bax), a decrease in the expression of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were detected in the I/R group (p<0.001). Histopathologically, it was determined that the Johnsen and Cosentino scores of the testicles were irregular in the I/R group (p<0.001). Proanthocyanidin treatment caused a decrease in MDA, cleaved caspase-3 and Bax levels and an increase in GSH, Vit C, GPx, G6PD, Bcl-2 and PCNA values. Additionally, Johnsen and Cosentino rearranged the scores. The present findings revealed the protective and curative effects of proanthocyanidin in organ damage due to testicular torsion/detorsion-induced ischemia/reperfusion with their antioxidative and antiapoptotic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filiz Kazak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey.
| | - Gokhan Akcakavak
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey.
| | - Ibrahim Alakus
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey.
| | - Halil Alakus
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey.
| | - Omer Kirgiz
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey.
| | - Ozhan Karatas
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Zeki Yilmaz Deveci
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey.
| | - Pınar Coskun
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey.
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Akhigbe R, Odetayo A, Akhigbe T, Hamed M, Ashonibare P. Pathophysiology and management of testicular ischemia/reperfusion injury: Lessons from animal models. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27760. [PMID: 38694115 PMCID: PMC11058307 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Testicular torsion is a urological emergency that involves the twisting of the spermatic cord along its course. Compelling pieces of evidence have implicated oxidative stress-sensitive signaling in pathogenesis of testicular I/R injury. Although, surgical detorsion is the mainstay management; blockade of the pathways involved in the pathogenesis may improve the surgical outcome. Experimental studies using various testicular I/R models have been reported in a bid to explore the mechanisms associated with testicular I/R and evaluate the benefits of potential therapeutic measures; however, most are limited by their shortcomings. Thus, this review was intended to describe the details of the available testicular I/R models as well as their merits and drawbacks, the pathophysiological basis and consequences of testicular I/R, and the pharmacological agents that have being proposed to confer testicular benefits against testicular I/R. This provides an understanding of the pathophysiological events and available models used in studying testicular I/R. In addition, this research provides evidence-based molecules with therapeutic potentials as well as their mechanisms of action in testicular I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- R.E. Akhigbe
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - A.F. Odetayo
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
- Department of Physiology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - T.M. Akhigbe
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
- Breeding and Plant Genetics Unit, Department of Agronomy, Osun State University, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - M.A. Hamed
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
- The Brainwill Laboratory, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - P.J. Ashonibare
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
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Chen S, Liao Z, Zheng T, Zhu Y, Ye L. Protective effect of ligustrazine on oxidative stress and apoptosis following testicular torsion in rats. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20395. [PMID: 37990048 PMCID: PMC10663624 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47210-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Testicular torsion is a common urologic emergency and one of the causes of infertility in males. It has been reported that ligustrazine may decrease oxidative stress and reduce ischemia-reperfusion injury. This study aims to investigate the protective effect of ligustrazine in ischemia-reperfusion injury after testicular torsion-detorsion. First, 40 rats were randomly and equally divided into TMP (Ligustrazine) group, the Testicular torsion (T/D) group, the Sham (Sham operation) group, and Control group. The left testis of rats in the TMP and T/D group was rotated for 2 h. The TMP group was intraperitoneally injected with ligustrazine solution and the T/D and the Sham groups were injected with normal saline. The left testes of four groups were obtained for assay on the 4th day after the operation. Average level of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and catalase (CAT) were higher in Sham and Control groups than T/D group and TMP group. Conversely, average level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) was lower in Sham and Control groups than T/D group and TMP group. In contrast with the T/D group, SOD, GPX, and CAT enzymatic activities increased, whereas MDA and ROS content decreased in the TMP group (P < 0.05). Microscopic observation showed that the testicular tissue of the Sham and Control groups were basically normal. The TMP and T/D groups had significant testicular tissue damage, whereas the TMP group had less damage and apoptosis than the T/D group. The apoptotic index of germ cells in the TMP group (13.05 ± 4.41) was lower than the T/D group (30.23 ± 11.31) (P < 0.05) and higher (P < 0.05) than the Sham group (0.56 ± 0.29). So we found that Ligustrazine lowered ischemia-reperfusion injury after testicular torsion-detorsion by decreasing the reactive oxygen species and suppressing apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songmao Chen
- Provincial Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
- Department of Urology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Zhengjian Liao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Tingting Zheng
- Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
| | - Yuanfan Zhu
- Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
| | - Liefu Ye
- Department of Urology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China.
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Tuncer SÇ, Akarsu SA, Küçükler S, Gür C, Kandemir FM. Effects of sinapic acid on lead acetate-induced oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammation in testicular tissue. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:2656-2667. [PMID: 37471654 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effect of lead acetate (PbAc) and sinapic acid (SNP) administration on oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, sperm quality and histopathology in testicular tissue of rats was tried to be determined. PbAc was administered at a dose of 30 mg/kg/bw for 7 days to induce testicular toxicity in rats. Oral doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg/bw SNP were administered to rats for 7 days after PbAc administration. According to our findings, while PbAc administration increased MDA content in rats, it decreased GPx, SOD, CAT activity and GSH content. NF-kB, IL-1β, TNF-α, and COX-2, which are among the inflammation parameters that increased due to PbAc, decreased with the administration of SNP. Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO1 mRNA transcript levels decreased with PbAc, but SNP treatments increased these mRNA levels in a dose-dependent manner. RAGE and NLRP3 gene expression were upregulated in PbAc treated rats. MAPK14, MAPK15, and JNK relative mRNA levels decreased with SNP treatment in PbAc treated rats. While the levels of apoptosis markers Bax, Caspase-3, and Apaf-1 increased in rats treated with PbAc, the level of Bcl-2 decreased, but SNP inhibited this apoptosis markers. PbAc caused histopathological deterioration in testis tissue and negatively affected spermatogenesis. When the sperm quality was examined, the decrease in sperm motility and spermatozoon density caused by PbAc, and the increase in the ratio of dead and abnormal spermatozoa were inhibited by SNP. As a result, while PbAc increased apoptosis and inflammation by inducing oxidative stress in testicles, SNP treatment inhibited these changes and increased sperm quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibel Çiğdem Tuncer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Serkan Ali Akarsu
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Sefa Küçükler
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Cihan Gür
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Fatih Mehmet Kandemir
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
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Minas A, Mahmoudabadi S, Gamchi NS, Antoniassi MP, Alizadeh A, Bertolla RP. Testicular torsion in vivo models: Mechanisms and treatments. Andrology 2023; 11:1267-1285. [PMID: 36825607 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Testicular torsion is a condition in which a testis rotates around its longitudinal axis and twists the spermatic cord. This in turn results in a significant decrease in blood flow and perfusion of testicular tissue. During Testicular torsion, the testicular tissue is affected by ischemia, heat stress, hypoxia, and oxidative and nitrosative stress. The testicular torsion should be considered an emergency condition and surgical intervention (testicular detorsion ) as the sole treatment option in viable cases involves counter-rotation on twisted testes associated, when possible, to orchipexy, in order to avoid recurrence. Possible testicular detorsion side-effects occur due to reperfusion and endothelial cells injury, microcirculation disturbances, and intense germ cells loss. OBJECTIVES To discuss testicular torsion surgery-based methods, different time frames for testicular torsion induction, and the associated pathophysiology by emphasizing cellular and molecular events as well as different therapeutic agent applications for testicular torsion. MATERIALS AND METHODS We reviewed all original research and epidemiological papers related to testicular torsion condition. RESULTS Testicular torsion causes germ cell necrosis, arrested spermatogenesis, and diminished testosterone levels, with consequent infertility. Among different involved pathophysiological impacts, testicular torsion/detorsion-induced ischemia seems to play the key role by leading the tissue toward other series of events in testis. Numerous studies have used adjuvant antioxidants, calcium channel blockers, anti-inflammatory agents, or vasodilating agents in order to decrease these effects. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge, no previously conducted study examined therapeutical agents' beneficial effects post clinical I/R condition in humans. Different agents targeting different pathophysiological conditions were used to ameliorate the ischemia/reperfusion-induced condition in animal models, however, none of the administrated agents were tested in human cases. Although considering testicular detorsion surgery is still the golden method to reverse the testicular torsion condition and the surgical approach is undeniable, the evaluated agents with beneficial effects, need to be investigated furthermore in clinical conditions. Thus, furthermore clinical studies and case reports are required to approve the animal models proposed agents' beneficial impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aram Minas
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Human Reproduction Section, São Paulo Federal University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sina Mahmoudabadi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Naeimeh Shamsi Gamchi
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mariana Pereira Antoniassi
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Human Reproduction Section, São Paulo Federal University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Arash Alizadeh
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ricardo Pimenta Bertolla
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Human Reproduction Section, São Paulo Federal University, São Paulo, Brazil
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Jabbar AAJ, Alamri ZZ, Abdulla MA, AlRashdi AS, Najmaldin SK, Zainel MA. Sinapic Acid Attenuate Liver Injury by Modulating Antioxidant Activity and Inflammatory Cytokines in Thioacetamide-Induced Liver Cirrhosis in Rats. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051447. [PMID: 37239118 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Sinapic acid (SA) is a natural pharmacological active compound found in berries, nuts, and cereals. The current study aimed to investigate the protective effects of SA against thioacetamide (TAA) fibrosis in rats by histopathological and immunohistochemical assays. The albino rats (30) were randomly divided into five groups (G). G1 was injected with distilled water 3 times/week and fed orally daily with 10% Tween 20 for two months. G2-5 were injected with 200 mg/kg TAA three times weekly for two months and fed with 10% Tween 20, 50 mg/kg silymarin, 20, and 40 mg/kg of SA daily for 2 months, respectively. The results showed that rats treated with SA had fewer hepatocyte injuries with lower liver index (serum bilirubin, total protein, albumin, and liver enzymes (ALP, ALT, and AST) and were similar to that of control and silymarin-treated rats. Acute toxicity for 2 and 4 g/kg SA showed to be safe without any toxic signs in treated rats. Macroscopic examination showed that hepatotoxic liver had an irregular, rough surface with micro and macro nodules and histopathology expressed by Hematoxylin and Eosin, and Masson Trichrome revealed severe inflammation and infiltration of focal necrosis, fibrosis, lymphocytes, and proliferation bile duct. In contrast, rats fed with SA had significantly lower TAA toxicity in gross and histology and liver tissues as presented by less liver tissue disruption, lesser fibrosis, and minimum in filtered hepatocytes. Immunohistochemistry of rats receiving SA showed significant up-regulation of HSP 70% and down-regulation of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) protein expression compared to positive control rats. The homogenized liver tissues showed a notable rise in the antioxidant enzymes (SOD and CAT) actions with significantly lower malondialdehyde (MDA) levels compared to that of the positive control group. Furthermore, the SA-treated rats had significantly lower TNF-a, IL-6, and higher IL-10 levels than the positive control rats. Thus, the findings suggest SA as a hepatoprotective compound due to its inhibitory effects on fibrosis, hepatotoxicity, liver cell proliferation, up-regulation of HSP 70, and downregulation of α-SMA expression, inhibiting lipid peroxidation (MDA), while retaining the liver index and antioxidant enzymes to normal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A J Jabbar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Erbil Technical Health and Medical College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Zaenah Zuhair Alamri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 23218, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Sciences, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Ahmed S AlRashdi
- Central Public Health Laboratories, Ministry of Health, P.O. Box 2294, Muscat 111, Oman
| | - Soran Kayfi Najmaldin
- Department of Medical Analysis, Faculty of Applied Science, Tishk International University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
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Demir EA, Demir S, Kazaz IO, Kucuk H, Alemdar NT, Gecici OF, Mentese A, Aliyazicioglu Y. Syringic acid ameliorates ischemia/reperfusion-induced testicular injury in rats via suppressing of HMGB1/NF-κB axis and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2023; 49:1595-1602. [PMID: 36692504 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-023-02227-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the possible protective role of syringic acid on torsion/detorsion-induced testicular injury using biochemical and histopathological approaches for the first time. METHODS A total of 24 rats were divided into 4 groups: sham control, torsion/detorsion, torsion/detorsion + syringic acid (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg). Tissue malondialdehyde, total oxidant status and total antioxidant status levels were determined using colorimetric methods. Tissue 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, superoxide dismutase, catalase, high mobility group box 1, nuclear factor kappa B protein 65, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, myeloperoxidase, 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein, activating transcription factor-6, C/EBP homologous protein and caspase-3 levels were determined using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Johnsen's testicle scoring system was used for histological evaluation. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the levels of oxidative stress, inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis were significantly increased in the torsion/detorsion group (p < 0.05). Syringic acid administrations statistically significantly restored these damage in a dose dependent manner (p < 0.05). Moreover, it was found that the results of histological examinations supported the biochemical results to a statistically significant extent. CONCLUSION The overall results suggest that syringic acid emerges as a potential compound for the treatment of testicular torsion and may be subject to clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Ayazoglu Demir
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies, Macka Vocational School, Karadeniz Technical University, 61750, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Selim Demir
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey.
| | - Ilke Onur Kazaz
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Hatice Kucuk
- Department of Pathology, Trabzon Kanuni Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, 61250, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Nihal Turkmen Alemdar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey.,Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, 53100, Rize, Turkey
| | - Omer Faruk Gecici
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Mentese
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Yuksel Aliyazicioglu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey
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10
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Dang R, Guan H, Wang C. Sinapis Semen: A review on phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicity, analytical methods and pharmacokinetics. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1113583. [PMID: 37124205 PMCID: PMC10130658 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1113583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Sinapis Semen (SS), the dried mature seed of Sinapis alba L. and Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. et Coss., is one of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials with a wide range of pharmacological effects being used for asthma, cough and many other ailments. SS is also widely used in food agriculture, medicine and other industries in North America and South Asia. More recently, the research on SS has gradually intensified and increased. However, there is no systematic review of SS. In this review, through literature exploration and analysis, the research advance on phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicity, analytical methods and pharmacokinetics of SS was aggregated initially. Total 144 compounds have been isolated and identified from SS. Among them, glucosinolates and their hydrolysates and volatile oils are the main active ingredients and important chemical classification markers. SS has a wide range of pharmacological effects, especially in cough suppressing, asthma calming, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, cardiovascular protective, inhibiting androgenic effects, anti-tumor, and skin permeation promoting effects. Sinapine and sinapic acid are the main active ingredients of SS for its medicinal effects. However, SS has a strong skin irritation, presumably related to the time of application, the method of processing, and original medicinal plants. This review will provide useful data for the follow-up research and safe and reasonable clinical application of SS.
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Wang K, Liang C, Cao W, Luo G, Zhong S, Zeng Z, Dai L, Song JL. Dietary sinapic acid attenuated high-fat diet-induced lipid metabolism and oxidative stress in male Syrian hamsters. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14203. [PMID: 35470867 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The current study investigated the effects of sinapic acid on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced lipid metabolism and oxidative stress in male Syrian hamsters. Sinapic acid treatment significantly reduced body weight, epididymal fat, and perirenal fat mass in HFD hamsters. Sinapic acid also improved dyslipidemia levels (reducing the serum levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and increasing the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) and increased T-AOC levels to mitigate oxidative stress injury. Moreover, sinapic acid intervention increased the activations of PPAR-γ, CPT-1, and CYP7A1 and decreased the activations of FAS, ACC1, SREBP1, SREBP2, and HMGCR in the livers of HFD hamsters. In addition, sinapic acid intervention also significantly inhibited the intestinal mRNA levels of Srebp2 and Npc1l1 in HFD hamsters. In conclusion, sinapic acid can significantly attenuate abnormal lipid metabolism in the development of HFD-induced obesity and reduce the level of oxidative stress to exert its anti-obesity effect. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Obesity is the main cause of some chronic metabolic syndromes, such as dyslipidemia, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, diabetes, and hyperuricemia. Searching for new, safe, and effective natural products in weight loss and fat reduction has become one of the hot research topics. As a natural source of simple phenolic acids, sinapic acid is present in fruits, vegetables, and grains and has been indicated to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antihyperuricemic, lipid homeostasis regulation, and anticancer activities. However, the lipid metabolism- and oxidative stress-regulating activities of sinapic acid are not clear. Here, the current study investigated the lipid metabolism and oxidative stress regulating activities of sinapic acid in male Syrian hamsters fed a high-fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keying Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Chanhua Liang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Wenjing Cao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Gao Luo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Shumei Zhong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Zhen Zeng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China.,Department of Pediatrics and Maternal and Child Health, Xiangya College of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ling Dai
- Center of Mental Health Education and Counseling, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Jia-Le Song
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China.,Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China.,Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Entire Lifecycle Health and Care, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposureomics and Entire Lifecycle Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
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Seker U, Kavak DE, Guzel BC, Baygeldi SB, Yuksel M, Unay Demirel O, Irtegun Kandemir S, Sener D. Targeting soluble guanylate cyclase with Riociguat has potency to alleviate testicular ischaemia reperfusion injury via regulating various cellular pathways. Andrologia 2022; 54:e14616. [DOI: 10.1111/and.14616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ugur Seker
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine Harran University Sanliurfa Turkey
| | - Deniz Evrim Kavak
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine Dokuz Eylul University Izmir Turkey
| | - Baris Can Guzel
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Firat University Elazig Turkey
| | - Saime Betul Baygeldi
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Firat University Elazig Turkey
| | - Meral Yuksel
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Vocational School of Health‐Related Professions Marmara University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Ozlem Unay Demirel
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine Bahcesehir University Istanbul Turkey
| | | | - Dila Sener
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine Bahcesehir University Istanbul Turkey
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Salidroside Exerts Beneficial Effect on Testicular Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:8069152. [PMID: 35602096 PMCID: PMC9117026 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8069152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Testicular torsion-detorsion results in testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury, which is associated with overgeneration of reactive oxygen species. Salidroside, a major bioactive ingredient extracted from Rhodiola rosea, has strong antioxidant activity. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of salidroside on testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury. Sixty rats were randomly separated into 3 experimental groups: group A = sham-operated control; group B = testicular ischemia-reperfusion; and group C = testicular ischemia-reperfusion treated with salidroside. The rats in the sham-operated control group received all surgical procedures except testicular torsion-detorsion. The testicular ischemia-reperfusion group underwent 2 hours of left testicular torsion followed by detorsion. The rats in the salidroside-treated group received the same surgical procedure as in testicular ischemia-reperfusion group, but salidroside was injected intraperitoneally at reperfusion. Testicular malondialdehyde content (a reliable index of reactive oxygen species) and protein expression of superoxide dismutase and catalase which are primary antioxidant enzymes in testes were measured at 4 hours after reperfusion. Testicular spermatogenesis was evaluated at 3 months after reperfusion. The malondialdehyde content increased significantly, while superoxide dismutase and catalase protein expression and testicular spermatogenesis reduced significantly in ipsilateral testes of testicular ischemia-reperfusion group, as compared with sham-operated control group. Therapy with salidroside significantly reduced malondialdehyde content and significantly enhanced superoxide dismutase and catalase protein expression and spermatogenesis in ipsilateral testes, as compared with testicular ischemia-reperfusion group. The present findings indicate that treatment with salidroside ameliorates testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury by reducing reactive oxygen species level by upregulating superoxide dismutase and catalase protein expression.
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