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Signorini C, Saso L, Ghareghomi S, Telkoparan-Akillilar P, Collodel G, Moretti E. Redox Homeostasis and Nrf2-Regulated Mechanisms Are Relevant to Male Infertility. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:193. [PMID: 38397791 PMCID: PMC10886271 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Infertility represents a significant global health challenge, affecting more than 12% of couples worldwide, and most cases of infertility are caused by male factors. Several pathological pathways are implicated in male infertility. The main mechanisms involved are driven by the loss of reduction-oxidation (redox) homeostasis and the resulting oxidative damage as well as the chronic inflammatory process. Increased or severe oxidative stress leads to sperm plasma membrane and DNA oxidative damage, dysregulated RNA processing, and telomere destruction. The signaling pathways of these molecular events are also regulated by Nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). The causes of male infertility, the role of oxidative stress in male infertility and the Keap1-Nrf2 antioxidant pathway are reviewed. This review highlights the regulatory role of Nrf2 in the balance between oxidants and antioxidants as relevant mechanisms to male fertility. Nrf2 is involved in the regulation of spermatogenesis and sperm quality. Establishing a link between Nrf2 signaling pathways and the regulation of male fertility provides the basis for molecular modulation of inflammatory processes, reactive oxygen species generation, and the antioxidant molecular network, including the Nrf2-regulated antioxidant response, to improve male reproductive outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Signorini
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (C.S.); (G.C.); (E.M.)
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Somayyeh Ghareghomi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417466191, Iran;
| | | | - Giulia Collodel
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (C.S.); (G.C.); (E.M.)
| | - Elena Moretti
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (C.S.); (G.C.); (E.M.)
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Verma P, Pal H, Mohanty B. Neurotensin receptor-1 antagonist SR48692 modulation of high-fat diet induced reproductive impairment in male mice. Reprod Toxicol 2024; 123:108498. [PMID: 37952698 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2023.108498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Neurotensin (NTS), a tridecapeptide of the gastrointestinal tract, has been implicated in the facilitation of lipid absorption on ingestion of a high-fat diet (HFD) especially via NTS receptors, NTSR1, NTSR2, and NTSR3, to cause lipid metabolic dysregulation and imbalance of the oxidant-antioxidant system. Oxidative stress induced a negative impact on reproductive function, affecting the reproductive organ and related reproductive hormones. The present study elucidated the efficacy of NTSR1 antagonist SR48692 in the modulation of HFD-induced reproductive impairment in male mice. Swiss albino mice (male, 23 ± 2 g) were maintained (6/group) for eight weeks; Group-I chow diet (CD), Group-II HFD, Group-III (HFD+SR48692L), Group-IV (HFD+SR48692H), Group-V (CD+SR48692L) and Group-VI (CD+SR48692H). SR48692 low (100 µg/kg b.w./SR48692L) and high-dose (400 µg/kg b.w./SR48692H) were given intraperitoneally for the last four weeks. Treatment with low-dose (SR48692L) to HFD-fed mice showed some efficacy in mitigating lipid dysregulation, oxidative stress, and reproductive impairment as evidenced by decreased triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, leptin, and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, increased antioxidant defense enzymes, reduction of histopathological scores in testis and increase in plasma level of LH, FSH and testosterone compared to that of HFD, but not up to CD. With the high-dose of antagonist (SR48692H) showed more adverse effects even from that of HFD. Treatment of both doses of SR48692 to CD-fed mice these effects become more extended. Less effectiveness of NTSR1 antagonist with the doses tried (low and high) in normalizing the lipid dysregulation and reproductive impairments might be due to the persistence of NTSR2/NTSR3-mediated lipid absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Verma
- Department of Zoology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211002, India
| | - Himanshu Pal
- Department of Zoology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211002, India
| | - Banalata Mohanty
- Department of Zoology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211002, India.
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Moretti E, Signorini C, Corsaro R, Giamalidi M, Collodel G. Human Sperm as an In Vitro Model to Assess the Efficacy of Antioxidant Supplements during Sperm Handling: A Narrative Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051098. [PMID: 37237965 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Spermatozoa are highly differentiated cells that produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to aerobic metabolism. Below a certain threshold, ROS are important in signal transduction pathways and cellular physiological processes, whereas ROS overproduction damages spermatozoa. Sperm manipulation and preparation protocols during assisted reproductive procedures-for example, cryopreservation-can result in excessive ROS production, exposing these cells to oxidative damage. Thus, antioxidants are a relevant topic in sperm quality. This narrative review focuses on human spermatozoa as an in vitro model to study which antioxidants can be used to supplement media. The review comprises a brief presentation of the human sperm structure, a general overview of the main items of reduction-oxidation homeostasis and the ambivalent relationship between spermatozoa and ROS. The main body of the paper deals with studies in which human sperm have been used as an in vitro model to test antioxidant compounds, including natural extracts. The presence and the synergic effects of different antioxidant molecules could potentially lead to more effective products in vitro and, in the future, in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Moretti
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Cinzia Signorini
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Roberta Corsaro
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Maria Giamalidi
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Athens, 15701 Athens, Greece
| | - Giulia Collodel
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
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Sapanidou V, Tsantarliotou MP, Lavrentiadou SN. A review of the use of antioxidants in bovine sperm preparation protocols. Anim Reprod Sci 2023; 251:107215. [PMID: 37001221 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2023.107215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress (OS), the imbalance between the production of free radicals and the cellular antioxidant defenses, are discussed in relation to their role in bovine sperm physiology. Oxidative stress has been associated to male infertility and low fertility rates in Assisted Reproductive Techniques (ART). Antioxidant supplementation is an interesting approach to overcome OS-related infertility and assisted reproduction drawbacks. Several studies have been conducted to identify the potential sources of ROS in a typical ART setting and the impact of antioxidant supplementation on semen quality and pregnancy outcome. Procedures such as freezing and thawing, centrifugation and incubation are thought to produce significant amounts of ROS with a negative impact on sperm quality parameters and reproductive competence. Given the important role of ROS in sperm function, the addition of antioxidants in sperm media to prevent OS and to improve the reproductive outcome requires attention. Currently, there is limited evidence to support the ameliorative effect of antioxidant supplementation on fertilization and embryo development in farm animals. This review summarizes the different types and concentrations of antioxidants used in sperm preparation media of bovine species and their effectiveness in neutralizing excessive ROS production while preserving physiological sperm function.
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Follicular Fluid Components in Reduced Ovarian Reserve, Endometriosis, and Idiopathic Infertility. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032589. [PMID: 36768912 PMCID: PMC9916781 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Follicular fluid (FF) molecules, and their increase or decrease, can contribute to appropriate follicular growth and oocyte maturation, thus being related to female infertility conditions. In this paper, we studied the changes and the relationships of some biochemical components, hormones, antioxidant enzymes, F2-Isoprostanes (F2-IsoPs), and resolvin (Rv) D1 in the FF of infertile women with different reproductive conditions such as endometriosis, reduced ovarian reserve, and idiopathic infertility during assisted reproductive techniques (ART). In the whole population, positive correlations between albumin (ALB)/iron (Fe), ALB/beta-2-microglobulin (B2MG), and F2-IsoPs/RvD1 were detected in the FF. In FF from aged women, increased levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and reduced anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels were associated with a worse oocyte quality. The negative ART outcome was influenced by patient age and AMH, B2MG, and FSH levels. Moreover, the reduced ovarian reserve condition was characterised by a significant decrease in oocyte number and quality, AMH amount, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, as well as by an increase in age and FSH levels. In the presence of endometriosis, high levels of MDA and RvD1 were detected in FF, with a decrease in luteinising hormone (LH). Finally, among the molecules examined, none characterised the condition of idiopathic infertility. These data could support the identification of new FF markers in different reproductive disorders, suggesting the need for personalised therapeutic approaches and optimised ART outcomes. In particular, the evaluation of resolvins and lipid mediators in FF could be a promising field of investigation with which to understand the entity of oxidative stress and inflammation in some female infertility conditions.
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Hermilasari RD, Rizal DM, Wirohadidjojo YW. Potential Mechanism of Platelet-rich Plasma Treatment on Testicular Problems Related to Diabetes Mellitus. Prague Med Rep 2023; 124:344-358. [PMID: 38069642 DOI: 10.14712/23362936.2023.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a condition of continuously increased blood glucose levels that causes hyperglycemia. This condition can result in disorders of various organs including testicular problems. The use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) which is contained in several growth factors shows its potential in overcoming testicular problems. This literature review study was conducted to identify the potential of PRP in overcoming various testicular problems due to diabetic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rista Dwi Hermilasari
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, University of Jember, Jember, Indonesia
| | - Dicky Moch Rizal
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Yohanes Widodo Wirohadidjojo
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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In Vitro Combination of Ascorbic and Ellagic Acids in Sperm Oxidative Damage Inhibition. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314751. [PMID: 36499078 PMCID: PMC9740292 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
It is known that an altered redox balance interferes with normal spermatic functions. Exposure to genotoxic substances capable of producing oxidative stress (OS) can cause infertility in humans. The use of antioxidants to reduce oxidative stress contributes to the improvement in reproductive function. This study focused on an antigenotoxic evaluation of ellagic acid (EA) and ascorbic acid (AA) in combination against benzene genotoxic action on human spermatozoa in vitro. In addition to the evaluation of sperm parameters, damage in sperm genetic material and intracellular ROS quantification were assessed after AA, EA and benzene co-exposure using the TUNEL technique and DCF assay. The results showed that the combination of the two antioxidants generates a greater time-dependent antigenotoxic action, reducing both the sperm DNA fragmentation index and the oxidative stress. The genoprotective effect of AA and EA association in sperm cells lays the foundations for a more in-depth clinical study on the use of antioxidants as a therapy for male infertility.
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Moretti E, Signorini C, Noto D, Corsaro R, Collodel G. The relevance of sperm morphology in male infertility. FRONTIERS IN REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH 2022; 4:945351. [PMID: 36303645 PMCID: PMC9580829 DOI: 10.3389/frph.2022.945351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This brief report concerns the role of human sperm morphology assessment in different fields of male infertility: basic research, genetics, assisted reproduction technologies, oxidative stress. One of the best methods in studying sperm morphology is transmission electron microscopy (TEM) that enables defining the concept of sperm pathology and classifying alterations in non-systematic and systematic. Non-systematic sperm defects affect head and tail in variable ratio, whereas the rare systematic defects are characterized by a particular anomaly that marks most sperm of an ejaculate. TEM analysis and fluorescence in situ hybridization represent outstanding methods in the study of sperm morphology and cytogenetic in patients with altered karyotype characterizing their semen quality before intracytoplasmic sperm injection. In recent years, the genetic investigations on systematic sperm defects, made extraordinary progress identifying candidate genes whose mutations induce morphological sperm anomalies. The question if sperm morphology has an impact on assisted fertilization outcome is debated. Nowadays, oxidative stress represents one of the most important causes of altered sperm morphology and function and can be analyzed from two points of view: 1) spermatozoa with cytoplasmic residue produce reactive oxygen species, 2) the pathologies with inflammatory/oxidative stress background cause morphological alterations. Finally, sperm morphology is also considered an important endpoint in in vitro experiments where toxic substances, drugs, antioxidants are tested. We think that the field of sperm morphology is far from being exhausted and needs other research. This parameter can be still considered a valuable indicator of sperm dysfunction both in basic and clinical research.
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Mitra S, Patra T, Saha D, Ghosh P, Mustafi SM, Varghese AC, Murmu N. Sub-chronic cadmium and lead compound exposure induces reproductive toxicity and development of testicular germ cell neoplasia in situ in murine model: Attenuative effects of resveratrol. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23058. [PMID: 35362238 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium and lead are widespread, nonbiodegradable heavy metals of perpetual environmental concerns. The present study aimed to evaluate whether sub-chronic exposure to cadmium chloride (CdCl2 ) and lead acetate [Pb(CH3 COO)2 ] induces reproductive toxicity and development of testicular germ cell neoplasia in situ (GCNIS) in swiss albino mice. The effects of resveratrol to reverse the metal-induced toxicity were also analyzed. The mice were randomly divided into four groups for metal treatments and two groups received two different doses of each metal, CdCl2 (0.25 and 0.5 mg/kg) and Pb(CH3 COO)2 (3 and 6 mg/kg). The fourth group received oral doses of 20 mg/kg resveratrol in combination with 0.5 mg/kg CdCl2 or 6 mg/kg Pb(CH3 COO)2 for 16 weeks. Toxic effects of both metals were estimated qualitatively and quantitatively by the alterations in sperm parameters, oxidative stress markers, testicular histology, and protein expressions of the treated mice. Pronounced perturbation of sperm parameters, cellular redox balance were observed with severe distortion of testicular histo-architecture in metal exposed mice. Significant overexpression of Akt cascade and testicular GCNIS marker proteins were recorded in tissues treated with CdCl2 . Notable improvements were observed in all the evaluated parameters of resveratrol cotreated mice groups. Taken together, the findings of this study showed that long-term exposure to Cd and Pb compounds, induced acute reproductive toxicity and initiation of GCNIS development in mice. Conversely, resveratrol consumption abrogated metal-induced perturbation of spermatogenesis, testicular morphology, and the upregulation of Akt cascade proteins along with GCNIS markers, which could have induced the development of testicular cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreyashi Mitra
- Department of Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines (STBA), Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Tapas Patra
- E. Doisy Research Center, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Depanwita Saha
- Department of Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines (STBA), Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Paramita Ghosh
- Department of Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines (STBA), Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | | | | | - Nabendu Murmu
- Department of Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines (STBA), Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
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Ho CLT, Vaughan-Constable DR, Ramsay J, Jayasena C, Tharakan T, Yap T, Whiteman I, Graham N, Minhas S, Homa ST. The relationship between genitourinary microorganisms and oxidative stress, sperm DNA fragmentation and semen parameters in infertile men. Andrologia 2021; 54:e14322. [PMID: 34817086 DOI: 10.1111/and.14322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An imbalance in the genitourinary microbiome is emerging as a contributing factor to male infertility. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is an association between genitourinary microorganisms and seminal oxidative stress, sperm DNA fragmentation and semen parameters. It included 770 men attending for diagnostic testing for subfertility. Genitourinary microorganisms were identified in 43.0% men; 20.1% had microorganisms in semen; 18.7% in urine; and 5.8% had microorganisms in urine and semen. Enterococcus faecalis was the most prevalent organism in semen (22.0% samples; 61.5% organisms) with Ureaplasma spp. (16.9% samples; 53.3% organisms) and Gardnerella vaginalis (11.4% samples; 37.4% organisms) most prevalent in urine. Semen parameters were unaffected by microorganisms (p > 0.05). Seminal ROS were significantly higher in men with microorganisms compared to those without (p < 0.001), particularly when present in both urine and semen (p < 0.01). Microorganisms were associated with significantly higher DNA fragmentation, irrespective of whether they were in semen or urine (p < 0.001). An imbalance in the genitourinary microbiome is associated with DNA damage and oxidative stress which may have considerable consequences for achieving an ongoing pregnancy. This highlights the need for incorporating genitourinary microorganism screening for all men as part of diagnostic evaluation prior to undergoing treatment for infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Lok Tung Ho
- Section of Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - Jonathan Ramsay
- Department of Andrology, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.,Department of Urology, Charing Cross Hospital, London, UK
| | - Channa Jayasena
- Section of Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.,Department of Andrology, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Tharu Tharakan
- Department of Andrology, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Tet Yap
- Department of Urology, Guys and St. Thomas's NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | | | - Suks Minhas
- Department of Andrology, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Sheryl T Homa
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK.,Andrology Solutions, London, UK
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Finelli R, Leisegang K, Kandil H, Agarwal A. Oxidative Stress: A Comprehensive Review of Biochemical, Molecular, and Genetic Aspects in the Pathogenesis and Management of Varicocele. World J Mens Health 2021; 40:87-103. [PMID: 34666421 PMCID: PMC8761243 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.210153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a condition due to an imbalance between the concentrations of oxidants and antioxidants, and it is a well-recognized contributor in several male infertility conditions. Varicocele, a common vascular condition, may cause male infertility due to hyperthermia, hypoxia and/or exposure to toxic adrenal and renal metabolites. In this review, the mechanisms by which oxidative stress can affect cellular integrity and functions are described, along with molecular markers of cellular oxidative damage, and the most commonly performed techniques for their detection in seminal fluid. Moreover, we focus on the role of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of varicocele based on recently published evidence from omics based studies, such as proteomics and genomics. Finally, we discuss strategies for the management of oxidative stress and the clinical guidelines for testing oxidative stress-related sperm DNA fragmentation in this group of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Finelli
- Department of Urology, American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Kristian Leisegang
- School of Natural Medicine, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Hussein Kandil
- Fakih IVF Fertility Center, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- Department of Urology, American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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ROS and metabolomics-mediated autophagy in rat's testicular tissue alter after exercise training; Evidence for exercise intensity and outcomes. Life Sci 2021; 277:119585. [PMID: 33957169 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Oxidative damage and altered metabolic reactions are suspected to initiate the autophagy. The exercise training significantly impacts testicular antioxidant and metabolic potentials. However, the underlying mechanism(s) that the exercise-induced alterations can affect the autophagy markers remained unknown. This study explored the effect of exercise training on antioxidant and metabolic statuses of testicular tissue and uncovered the possible cross-link between these statuses and autophagy-inducers expression. MAIN METHODS Wistar rats were divided into sedentary control, low (LICT), moderate (MICT), and high (HICT) intensity continuous training groups. Following 8 weeks of training, the testicular total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS), glutathione (GSH), and NADP+/NADPH as oxidative biomarkers along with intracytoplasmic carbohydrate and lipid droplet patterns, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, and lactate as metabolic elements were assessed. Finally, the autophagy-inducers expression and sperm count were examined. KEY FINDINGS With no significant impact on the oxidative biomarkers and metabolic elements, the LICT and MICT groups exhibited statistically unremarkable (p < 0.05) impacts on spermatogenesis differentiation, spermiogenesis ratio, and sperm count while increased the autophagy-inducers expression. Reversely, the HICT group, simultaneous with suppressing the antioxidant biomarkers (TAC↓, GSH↓, TOS↑, NADP+/NADPH↑), significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the testicular LDH activity and lactate level, changed the intracytoplasmic carbohydrate and lipid droplet's pattern, and amplified the classical autophagy-inducers p62, Beclin-1, autophagy-related gene (ATG)-7, and light chain 3 (LC3)-II/I expression. SIGNIFICANCE The autophagy-inducers overexpression has occurred after HICT induction, most probably to eliminate the oxidative damage cargoes, while increased to maintain the metabolic homeostasis in the LICT and MICT groups.
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Relationship between nuclear DNA fragmentation, mitochondrial DNA damage and standard sperm parameters in spermatozoa of infertile patients with leukocytospermia. J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod 2021; 50:102101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jogoh.2021.102101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Alahmar AT, Sengupta P. Impact of Coenzyme Q10 and Selenium on Seminal Fluid Parameters and Antioxidant Status in Men with Idiopathic Infertility. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:1246-1252. [PMID: 32572802 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02251-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) is a key contributing factor in 30-80% of male infertility cases. To date, several antioxidant treatments have been put forth to manage OS-induced male infertility. This study intended to elucidate the impact of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and selenium on seminal fluid parameters and antioxidant status in infertile men with idiopathic oligoasthenoteratospermia (OAT). In this prospective study, 70 patients with idiopathic OAT were randomly allocated to receive CoQ10 (200 mg/day) or selenium (200 μg/day) for 3 months. Semen quality parameters (following WHO guidelines, 5th edition), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were compared before and after the treatment. The results of the study showed an increase in sperm concentration with CoQ10 treatment (p < 0.01) as well as increased progressive sperm motility (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05) and total sperm motility (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05) with CoQ10 and selenium treatment respectively. There was also a significant improvement in TAC (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05) and SOD (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05) following treatment with CoQ10 and selenium respectively while CAT improved only with CoQ10 therapy (p < 0.05). Sperm concentration, motility, and morphology also correlated significantly with TAC, SOD, and CAT (r = 0.37-0.76). In conclusion, treatment with CoQ10 (200 mg) or selenium (200 μg) could improve sperm concentration, motility, and antioxidant status in infertile men with idiopathic OAT with CoQ10 providing the higher improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pallav Sengupta
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Malaysia
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15
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Lopes F, Pinto-Pinho P, Gaivão I, Martins-Bessa A, Gomes Z, Moutinho O, Oliveira MM, Peixoto F, Pinto-Leite R. Sperm DNA damage and seminal antioxidant activity in subfertile men. Andrologia 2021; 53:e14027. [PMID: 33686676 DOI: 10.1111/and.14027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Supraphysiological ROS levels can lead to apoptosis, lipid peroxidation, and DNA and protein damage. This pilot study aimed to investigate the sperm oxidative damage in subfertile men, to describe the relationship between the antioxidant system and ROS. Sixty-four semen samples were categorised according to the evaluated routine parameters (WHO, WHO laboratory manual for the examination and processing of human semen, 2010). Results were cross-referenced with the DNA damage [Comet (n = 53) and TUNEL (n = 49) assays], antioxidant enzyme activity [SOD (n = 51), CAT (n = 48) and GST (n = 48)], and content of total thiols (n = 36), lipid hydroperoxides (n = 35) and MDA (n = 31). Compared to pathospermic samples, normozoospermic presented 40%-45% fewer spermatozoa with fragmented DNA, 19% fewer hydroperoxides, and slightly higher total thiols and MDA levels. Asthenozoospermic/asthenoteratozoospermic samples had the lowest GST activity. SOD and CAT showed a similar trend. Our results evidenced significant positive correlations between DNA damage and immotile spermatozoa; SOD and CAT, GST and total thiols; CAT and GST; total thiols and sperm concentration; and MDA levels and head/midpiece abnormalities and hydroperoxides. This work contributes to the existing body of knowledge by showing that the oxidative status correlates with the classic sperm analysis parameters. Oxidative stress and DNA damage evaluation might be a valuable diagnostic and prognostic tool in cases of idiopathic male subfertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Lopes
- School of Health and Care Professions, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Patrícia Pinto-Pinho
- Genetics/Andrology Laboratory, Centro Hospitalar de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, E.P.E, Vila Real, Portugal.,CITAB, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.,Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.,Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine - iBiMED, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Isabel Gaivão
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.,CECAV, Animal and Veterinary Research Centre, UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ana Martins-Bessa
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.,CECAV, Animal and Veterinary Research Centre, UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Zélia Gomes
- Obstetrics Service, Centro Hospitalar de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, E.P.E, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Osvaldo Moutinho
- Obstetrics Service, Centro Hospitalar de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, E.P.E, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Maria Manuel Oliveira
- CQVR, Centro de Química de Vila Real, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Francisco Peixoto
- CQVR, Centro de Química de Vila Real, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Rosário Pinto-Leite
- Genetics/Andrology Laboratory, Centro Hospitalar de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, E.P.E, Vila Real, Portugal
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16
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Antioxidant-Based Therapies in Male Infertility: Do We Have Sufficient Evidence Supporting Their Effectiveness? Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020220. [PMID: 33540782 PMCID: PMC7912982 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Under physiological conditions, reactive oxygen species (ROS) play pivotal roles in various processes of human spermatozoa. Indeed, semen requires the intervention of ROS to accomplish different stages of its maturation. However, ROS overproduction is a well-documented phenomenon occurring in the semen of infertile males, potentially causing permanent oxidative damages to a vast number of biological molecules (proteins, nucleic acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids of biological membrane lipids), negatively affecting the functionality and vitality of spermatozoa. ROS overproduction may concomitantly occur to the excess generation of reactive nitrogen species (RNS), leading to oxidative/nitrosative stress and frequently encountered in various human pathologies. Under different conditions of male infertility, very frequently accompanied by morpho-functional anomalies in the sperm analysis, several studies have provided evidence for clear biochemical signs of damages to biomolecules caused by oxidative/nitrosative stress. In the last decades, various studies aimed to verify whether antioxidant-based therapies may be beneficial to treat male infertility have been carried out. This review analyzed the results of the studies published during the last ten years on the administration of low-molecular-weight antioxidants to treat male infertility in order to establish whether there is a sufficient number of data to justify antioxidant administration to infertile males. An analysis of the literature showed that only 30 clinical studies tested the effects of the administration of low-molecular-weight antioxidants (administered as a single antioxidant or as a combination of different antioxidants with the addition of vitamins and/or micronutrients) to infertile males. Of these studies, only 33.3% included pregnancy and/or live birth rates as an outcome measure to determine the effects of the therapy. Of these studies, only 4 were case–control studies, and only 2 of them found improvement of the pregnancy rate in the group of antioxidant-treated patients. Additionally, of the 30 studies considered in this review, only 43.3% were case–control studies, 66.7% enrolled a number of patients higher than 40, and 40% carried out the administration of a single antioxidant. Therefore, it appears that further studies are needed to clearly define the usefulness of antioxidant-based therapies to treat male infertility.
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17
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Al Smadi MA, Hammadeh ME, Solomayer E, Batiha O, Altalib MM, Jahmani MY, Shboul MA, Nusair B, Amor H. Impact of Mitochondrial Genetic Variants in ND1, ND2, ND5, and ND6 Genes on Sperm Motility and Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) Outcomes. Reprod Sci 2021; 28:1540-1555. [PMID: 33475980 PMCID: PMC8076152 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00449-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Sperm mitochondrial dysfunction causes the generation of an insufficient amount of energy needed for sperm motility. This will affect sperm fertilization capacity, and thus, most asthenozoospermic men usually require assisted reproductive techniques. The etiology of asthenozoospermia remains largely unknown. The current study aimed to investigate the effect of mitochondrial genetic variants on sperm motility and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) outcomes. A total of 150 couples from the ICSI cycle were enrolled in this study. One hundred five of the male partners were asthenozoospermic patients, and they were subdivided into three groups according to their percentage of sperm motility, while forty-five of the male partners were normozoospermic. Genetic variants were screened using direct Sanger’s sequencing in four mitochondrial genes (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydrogen (NADH) dehydrogenase 1 (ND1), NADH dehydrogenase 2 (ND2), NADH dehydrogenase 5 (ND5), and NADH dehydrogenase 6 (ND6)). We identified three significant variants: 13708G>A (rs28359178) in ND5, 4216T>C (rs1599988) in ND1, and a novel 12506T>A in ND5 with P values 0.006, 0.036, and 0.013, respectively. The medians of sperm motility, fertilization rate, embryo cleavage score, and embryo quality score were significantly different between men showing 4216T>C, 12506T>A, 13708G>A and wild type, Mann-Whitney P values for the differences in the medians were < 0.05 in all of them. The results from this study suggest that 13708G>A, 12506T>A, and 4216 T>C variants in sperm mitochondrial DNA negatively affect sperm motility and ICSI outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad A Al Smadi
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine Unit, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.
| | - Mohamad Eid Hammadeh
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine Unit, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Erich Solomayer
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine Unit, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Osamah Batiha
- Department of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | | | - Mohammad Y Jahmani
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine Unit, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Mohammad A Shboul
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Bassam Nusair
- Reproductive Endocrinology and IVF Unit, King Hussein Medical Centre, Amman, Jordan
| | - Houda Amor
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine Unit, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
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18
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Razi M, Tavalaee M, Sarrafzadeh-Rezaei F, Moazamian A, Gharagozloo P, Drevet JR, Nasr-Eshafani MH. Varicocoele and oxidative stress: New perspectives from animal and human studies. Andrology 2020; 9:546-558. [PMID: 33145958 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Varicocoele (VCL), one of the main causes of male subfertility, negatively affects testicular function. Due to limited access to human testicular tissue, animal model studies have been used to evaluate molecular and, recently, epigenetic changes attributed to pathophysiology induced by VCL. OBJECTIVES This review aims to provide an update on the latest findings regarding the link between VCL-induced biochemical stress and molecular changes in germ cells and spermatozoa. Endocrine and antioxidant status, testicular chaperone-specific hemostasis failure, altered testicular ion balance, metabolic disorders, and altered carbon cycling during spermatogenesis are among the many features that will be presented. DISCUSSION Literature review coupled with our own findings suggests that ionic imbalance, hypoxia, hyperthermia, and altered blood flow could lead to severe chronic oxidative and nitrosative stress in patients with VCL leading to defective spermatogenesis and impairment of the integrity of all sperm cell components and compartments down to the epigenetic information they carry. CONCLUSION Since oxidative stress is an important feature of the reproductive pathology of VCL, therapeutic strategies such as the administration of appropriate antioxidants could be undertaken as a complementary non-invasive treatment line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazdak Razi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Tavalaee
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Farshid Sarrafzadeh-Rezaei
- Department of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | | | | | - Joël R Drevet
- Faculty of Medicine, GReD Institute, INSERM U1103, CNRS UMR6293, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Mohammad-Hossein Nasr-Eshafani
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
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19
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Sanei-Ataabadi N, Mowla SJ, Nasr-Esfahani MH. Transcript Isoforms of SLC7A11-AS1 Are Associated With Varicocele-Related Male Infertility. Front Genet 2020; 11:1015. [PMID: 33024440 PMCID: PMC7516207 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.01015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is one of the crucial mediators of varicocele-related male infertility. Recently, roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in oxidative stress have begun to emerge, however, little is known about their role in male infertility. The aim of this study was to determine the role of lncRNA SLC7A11-AS1 in varicocele-related male infertility. Through a high-throughput bioinformatics investigation, we predicted that lncRNA SLC7A11-AS1 might be involved in this type of infertility. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and expression levels of SLC7A11-AS1 isoforms were evaluated in ejaculated spermatozoa of 25 infertile men with varicocele and 17 fertile individuals as control. Isoform 6 of SLC7A11-AS1 that showed a significant elevation in infertile men with varicocele relative to the fertile group was overexpressed in testicular-derived carcinoma cell lines (NT2 and NCCIT) followed by assessment of ROS, glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxidation, and cell viability. Overexpression of SLC7A11-AS1 isoform 6 in NT2 and NCCIT cell lines resulted in a significant downregulation of SLC7A11 gene expression, which consequently decreased GSH levels and concomitantly increased ROS levels and enhanced lipid peroxidation, which jeopardized cell survival and promoted cell death. Our finding revealed a potential role of oxidative-related lncRNAs in the pathophysiology of male infertility associated with varicocele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafiseh Sanei-Ataabadi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Javad Mowla
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Nasr-Esfahani
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Isfahan, Iran.,Isfahan Fertility and Infertility Center, Isfahan, Iran
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20
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Fraczek M, Wojnar L, Kamieniczna M, Piasecka M, Gill K, Kups M, Chopyak V, Havrylyuk A, Nakonechnyy J, Nakonechnyy A, Wozniak T, Kurpisz M. Seminal Plasma Analysis of Oxidative Stress in Different Genitourinary Topographical Regions Involved in Reproductive Tract Disorders Associated with Genital Heat Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176427. [PMID: 32899311 PMCID: PMC7504043 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for male subfertility/infertility caused by or complicated by genital heat stress remains unclear in many respects. Because seminal plasma creates the environment for the proper functioning of spermatozoa, in this study, we verified the associations among standard spermiograms, seminal biochemical parameters (neutral alpha-glucosidase, fructose, and citric acid) and oxidative stress markers (total antioxidant capacity, catalase activity, superoxide dismutase activity, and malondialdehyde concentration) in distinct entities associated with male infertility with and without long-time exposure to local hyperthermia. We demonstrated that men exposed to prolonged environmental or clinically recognized local heat stress in adulthood may suffer from dysregulation of seminal antioxidant components, which can be directly associated with epididymal and prostate function. The comparative analysis of the studied parameters showed numerous correlations among all biochemical parameters (particularly neutral alpha-glucosidase) with low standard semen quality in almost all the investigated infertile groups. In light of the data obtained in this originally designed study, we conclude that more attention should be paid to the epididymis and accessory gland function in subfertile and infertile men exposed to genital heat stress, especially in the context of novel treatment algorithms (targeted therapies).
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Fraczek
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 60-479 Poznan, Poland; (M.K.); (T.W.)
- Correspondence: (M.F.); (M.K.)
| | - Lukasz Wojnar
- Clinic of Urology and Oncological Urology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-285 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Marzena Kamieniczna
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 60-479 Poznan, Poland; (M.K.); (T.W.)
| | - Malgorzata Piasecka
- Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland; (M.P.); (K.G.); (M.K.)
| | - Kamil Gill
- Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland; (M.P.); (K.G.); (M.K.)
| | - Michal Kups
- Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland; (M.P.); (K.G.); (M.K.)
- Department and Clinic Urology and Oncological Urology, Regional Specialist Hospital in Szczecin, 71-455 Szczecin, Poland
- VitroLive Fertility Clinic in Szczecin, 70-483 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Valentina Chopyak
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Danylo Halytskyy Lviv National Medical University, 79008 Lviv, Ukraine; (V.C.); (A.H.)
| | - Anna Havrylyuk
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Danylo Halytskyy Lviv National Medical University, 79008 Lviv, Ukraine; (V.C.); (A.H.)
| | - Jozef Nakonechnyy
- Department of Urology, Danylo Halytskyy Lviv National Medical University, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine;
| | - Andrij Nakonechnyy
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Danylo Halytskyy Lviv National Medical University, 79059 Lviv, Ukraine;
| | - Tomasz Wozniak
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 60-479 Poznan, Poland; (M.K.); (T.W.)
| | - Maciej Kurpisz
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 60-479 Poznan, Poland; (M.K.); (T.W.)
- Correspondence: (M.F.); (M.K.)
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21
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Collodel G, Signorini C, Nerucci F, Gambera L, Iacoponi F, Moretti E. Semen Biochemical Components in Varicocele, Leukocytospermia, and Idiopathic Infertility. Reprod Sci 2020; 28:91-101. [PMID: 32696238 PMCID: PMC7782457 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00260-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The evaluation of the seminal plasma plays a relevant role in the definition of male infertility and in assisted reproduction outcomes; for this reason, it would be recommended to find biochemical markers able to characterize sperm pathology. In this study, 53 infertile patients (grouped by the presence leukocytospermia, idiopathic infertility, or varicocele) and 10 fertile men were selected. Spermiogram was performed by light microscopy, and sperm ultrastructure was evaluated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) mathematically elaborated. Testosterone (TESTO), estradiol (E2), ferritin (FERR), iron (Fe), transferrin (TRSF), triglycerides (TRG), cholesterol (CHOL), and isoprostanes (F2-IsoPs) were detected in seminal plasma. Sperm characteristics and biochemical components were correlated by Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient in the whole population and in each group. The levels of TESTO and E2 were positively correlated with sperm quality in particular, and E2 was correlated with fertility index expressing the number of sperm free of ultrastructural defects evaluated by TEM. On the contrary, the indices of iron metabolism (FERR, Fe, and TRSF) were positively associated with low sperm quality and sperm necrosis, particularly in leukocytospermia and varicocele groups, pathologies in which an inflammatory status and oxidative stress condition are present. The study of the seminal plasma composition deserves attention because the levels of the various components seem to be associated with specific reproductive pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Collodel
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci 14, 53100, Siena, Italy.
| | - Cinzia Signorini
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci 14, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Fabiola Nerucci
- Division of Clinical Pathology, University Teaching, Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Iacoponi
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Moretti
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci 14, 53100, Siena, Italy
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22
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Krzyściak W, Papież M, Bąk E, Morava E, Krzyściak P, Ligęzka A, Gniadek A, Vyhouskaya P, Janeczko J. Sperm Antioxidant Biomarkers and Their Correlation with Clinical Condition and Lifestyle with Regard to Male Reproductive Potential. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9061785. [PMID: 32521761 PMCID: PMC7355971 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9061785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Measurement of sperm oxidative-antioxidant indicators is widely used in the assessment and detection of biochemical causes of male infertility The main purpose of this study was to identify biomarkers that assist in diagnostics and monitoring of male reproductive potential. We performed the assessment of oxidative-antioxidant malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and total redox antioxidant potential (TRAP) indicators in seminal plasma, seminogram, clinical condition, and lifestyle of people with reproductive problems. The combined assessment of GSH and TRAP as potential biomarkers of male infertility in semen plasma was characterized by the highest total sensitivity and specificity. Furthermore, we provide evidence that male reproductive potential is significantly correlated with basic sperm parameters, sperm cell membrane integrity, their morphology, lifestyle, eating habits, occupation, and mental health. Our results provide evidence on the importance of oxidative stress and defense against free radicals in diagnosing and monitoring men with infertility that are consistent with previously conducted research. We provide an alternative approach on the possibility of interpreting the combination of the biomarkers that can bring benefits to a multi-threaded approach to the diagnosis and treatment of male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wirginia Krzyściak
- Department of Medical Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland; (A.L.); (P.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-504-872-580
| | - Monika Papież
- Department of Cytobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Ewelina Bąk
- PARENS Infertility Clinic, 29 Listopada 155C, 31-406 Krakow, Poland; (E.B.); (J.J.)
| | - Eva Morava
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;
| | - Paweł Krzyściak
- Department of Mycology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Czysta 18, 31-121 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Anna Ligęzka
- Department of Medical Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland; (A.L.); (P.V.)
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;
| | - Agnieszka Gniadek
- Department of Nursing Management and Epidemiology Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 25, 31-501 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Palina Vyhouskaya
- Department of Medical Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland; (A.L.); (P.V.)
| | - Jarosław Janeczko
- PARENS Infertility Clinic, 29 Listopada 155C, 31-406 Krakow, Poland; (E.B.); (J.J.)
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23
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Sadeghi N, Erfani-Majd N, Tavalaee M, Tabandeh MR, Drevet JR, Nasr-Esfahani MH. Signs of ROS-Associated Autophagy in Testis and Sperm in a Rat Model of Varicocele. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:5140383. [PMID: 32351674 PMCID: PMC7174931 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5140383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Since autophagy was suspected to occur in the pathological situation of varicocele (VCL), we have attempted to confirm it here using a surgical model of varicocele-induced rats. Thirty Wistar rats were divided into three groups (varicocele/sham/control) and analyzed two months after the induction of varicocele. Testicular tissue sections and epididymal mature sperm were then monitored for classic features of varicocele, including disturbance of spermatogenesis, impaired testicular carbohydrate and lipid homeostasis, decreased sperm count, increased sperm nuclear immaturity and DNA damage, oxidative stress, and lipid peroxidation. At the same time, we evaluated the Atg7 protein content and LC3-II/LC3-1 protein ratio in testis and mature sperm cells, two typical markers of early and late cellular autophagy, respectively. We report here that testis and mature sperm show higher signs of autophagy in the varicocele group than in the control and sham groups, probably to try to mitigate the consequences of VCL on the testis and germ cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Sadeghi
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Naeem Erfani-Majd
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
- Stem Cells and Transgenic Technology Research Center, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Tavalaee
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad R. Tabandeh
- Stem Cells and Transgenic Technology Research Center, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Joël R. Drevet
- GReD laboratory, CNRS UMR6293-INSERM U1103-Université Clermont Auvergne, Faculty of Medicine, CRBC Building, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Mohammad H. Nasr-Esfahani
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
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24
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Nowicka-Bauer K, Nixon B. Molecular Changes Induced by Oxidative Stress that Impair Human Sperm Motility. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9020134. [PMID: 32033035 PMCID: PMC7070831 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9020134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A state of oxidative stress (OS) and the presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the male reproductive tract are strongly correlated with infertility. While physiological levels of ROS are necessary for normal sperm functioning, elevated ROS production can overwhelm the cell's limited antioxidant defenses leading to dysfunction and loss of fertilizing potential. Among the deleterious pleiotropic impacts arising from OS, sperm motility appears to be particularly vulnerable. Here, we present a mechanistic account for how OS contributes to altered sperm motility profiles. In our model, it is suggested that the abundant polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) residing in the sperm membrane serve to sensitize the male germ cell to ROS attack by virtue of their ability to act as substrates for lipid peroxidation (LPO) cascades. Upon initiation, LPO leads to dramatic remodeling of the composition and biophysical properties of sperm membranes and, in the case of the mitochondria, this manifests in a dissipation of membrane potential, electron leakage, increased ROS production and reduced capacity for energy production. This situation is exacerbated by the production of cytotoxic LPO byproducts such as 4-hydroxynonenal, which dysregulate molecules associated with sperm bioenergetic pathways as well as the structural and signaling components of the motility apparatus. The impact of ROS also extends to lesions in the paternal genome, as is commonly seen in the defective spermatozoa of asthenozoospermic males. Concluding, the presence of OS in the male reproductive tract is strongly and positively correlated with reduced sperm motility and fertilizing potential, thus providing a rational target for the development of new therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Nowicka-Bauer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 60-479 Poznan, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Brett Nixon
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Biological Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia;
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Pregnancy and Reproduction Program, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
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Collodel G, Castellini C, Iacoponi F, Noto D, Signorini C. Cytosolic phospholipase A 2 and F 2 isoprostanes are involved in semen quality and human infertility-A study on leucocytospermia, varicocele and idiopathic infertility. Andrologia 2019; 52:e13465. [PMID: 31693215 DOI: 10.1111/and.13465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Phospholipase A2 (PLA2 ) is involved in eicosanoid release, and F2 -isoprostanes (F2 -IsoPs), as free radical-generated eicosanoids released by PLA2 , are indicators of oxidative stress in different human conditions. This study investigated the interplay between cytosolic PLA2 (cPLA2 ), F2 -IsoPs and sperm features in male infertility, when the involvement of oxidative stress has been reported. Semen evaluation was performed following WHO guidelines, sperm ultrastructure was detected by transmission electron microscopy indicating a fertility index, and the percentages of sperm immaturity, apoptosis and necrosis. In sperm cells and seminal plasma, cPLA2 levels were determined by immunological method, whereas F2 -IsoPs by mass spectrometry. Sperm concentration, morphology, vitality and fertility index values were significantly lower in infertile groups compared with fertile men. An increase in sperm apoptosis and necrosis (p < .01), apoptosis (p < .01) and immaturity (p < .001) was detected in leucocytospermia, idiopathic infertility and varicocele, respectively. Seminal cPLA2 showed the highest value in varicocele group (p < .05), whereas seminal F2 -IsoPs increased in varicocele (p < .001) and leucocytospermia (p < .05) groups. In the whole population, F2 -IsoP and cPLA2 levels were positively correlated (p < .05). On the contrary, F2 -IsoPs and cPLA2 were not significantly different when investigated in sperm cells. Our data indicate that fatty acid oxidation/metabolism plays a role in different male reproductive pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Collodel
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Policlinico Le Scotte, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Cesare Castellini
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesca Iacoponi
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Daria Noto
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Policlinico Le Scotte, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Cinzia Signorini
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Policlinico Le Scotte, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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Resistin in Human Seminal Plasma: Relationship with Lipid Peroxidation, CAT Activity, GSH/GSSG Ratio, and Semen Parameters. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:2192093. [PMID: 31772701 PMCID: PMC6854241 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2192093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Resistin is an adipokine involved in inflammation and able to induce the expression of other proinflammatory cytokines. It is known that, in human semen, resistin is correlated with inflammatory cytokines and sperm quality. The aim of this prospective study was to explore the potential relationship between resistin, lipid peroxidation (LPO), catalase (CAT) activity, and reduced and oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) ratio in semen samples of infertile patients with leukocytospermia (no. 19), infertile patients with varicocele (no. 17), and fertile men (no. 17). Semen analysis was performed following the WHO guidelines, and sperm apoptosis and necrosis were evaluated with annexin V/propidium iodide assay. Seminal plasma samples were used to determine resistin levels by an immunological method, MDA concentration by a HPLC analysis with UV detection, GSH/GSSG ratio by an enzymatic method, CAT activity by a spectrophotometric method. The results showed that, in both groups of infertile patients, semen parameters were significantly reduced (P < 0.001) and sperm apoptosis and necrosis percentages were increased. Resistin levels were significantly higher in leukocytospermia and varicocele groups (P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively) as well as MDA concentration (P < 0.001) compared to controls. The MDA level was also significantly increased in the leukocytospermia group versus the varicocele group (P < 0.05). The GSH/GSSG ratio was higher in fertile controls than the leukocytospermia group (P < 0.05) and the varicocele group (P < 0.001) and in the leukocytospermia group versus the varicocele group (P < 0.05). Both the leukocytospermia and varicocele groups showed increased values of CAT activities (P < 0.001) than controls. Briefly, the correlation between variables, calculated in the whole patient population, showed that resistin levels positively correlated with MDA levels, CAT activity, sperm apoptosis, and necrosis and negatively with sperm parameters and GSH/GSSG ratio. These results support an active role of resistin in an inflammatory process causing LPO, increase of CAT activity, and decrease of GSH/GSSG ratio in seminal plasma of infertile men vs. fertile controls.
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27
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Relationships between Ghrelin and Obestatin with MDA, Proinflammatory Cytokines, GSH/GSSG Ratio, Catalase Activity, and Semen Parameters in Infertile Patients with Leukocytospermia and Varicocele. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:7261842. [PMID: 31781347 PMCID: PMC6855048 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7261842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Ghrelin and obestatin are involved in many biological functions including reproduction. Growing evidences suggest that both peptides could exert protective and antioxidant activities. In this study, the relationships between ghrelin/obestatin, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), expressed as the GSH/GSSG ratio, catalase (CAT), and semen parameters in infertile patients with varicocele or leukocytospermia and controls were investigated. Fifty-six infertile patients (32 with leukocytospermia and 24 with varicocele) and 14 controls participated in this study. Semen analysis was performed following the WHO guidelines. Apoptotic and necrotic sperm were scored by annexin V/propidium iodide assay. Seminal plasma samples were used for the following determinations: ghrelin, obestatin, IL-6, and TNF-α were measured by an immunological method, GSH/GSSG by an enzymatic method, and CAT by spectrophotometric determination. With respect to controls, both the leukocytospermia and varicocele groups showed altered sperm parameters, significantly increased sperm apoptosis (P = 0.009 and P = 0.011, respectively), IL-6 (P = 0.0001 and P = 0.004, respectively), and TNF-α levels (P = 0.0001 and P = 0.002, respectively); both groups had significantly decreased levels of ghrelin (P = 0.0001), obestatin (P = 0.0001 and P = 0.006, respectively), and GSH/GSSG ratio (P = 0.003 and P = 0.0001, respectively). The MDA concentration was significantly increased in the leukocytospermia group vs. controls (P = 0.0001), in the varicocele group vs. controls (P = 0.011), and in the leukocytospermia group vs. the varicocele group (P = 0.008). CAT activity was augmented in both the leukocytospermia and varicocele groups (P = 0.0001)vs. controls. The results indicate that both ghrelin and obestatin may play a protective role in human semen and this effect is probably due to their antioxidant properties.
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Tahamtan S, Tavalaee M, Izadi T, Barikrow N, Zakeri Z, Lockshin RA, Abbasi H, Nasr-Esfahani MH. Reduced sperm telomere length in individuals with varicocele is associated with reduced genomic integrity. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4336. [PMID: 30867501 PMCID: PMC6416405 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40707-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Varicocele, defined as enlarged varicose veins in the scrotum, is the most common identifiable cause of male infertility. There are significant correlations between oxidative stress and varicocele-related infertility due to testicular hyperthermia, which can result in low sperm function. In addition, recent excessive oxidative stress can affect sperm telomere length and integrity of sperm DNA. Therefore, we assessed sperm telomere length as a potential marker of paternal genome integrity and leukocyte telomere length as an internal control (real-time PCR), along with sperm chromatin status (TUNEL and chromomycin A3 assay), and lipid peroxidation (Bodipy probe) in 18 infertile men with grade II or III varicocele, and 20 fertile men. Means of sperm parameters, sperm and leukocyte telomere length were significantly lower, while means of sperm DNA fragmentation, protamine deficiency, and lipid peroxidation were significantly higher in infertile men with varicocele compared to fertile men. Therefore, shortened telomere length in sperm and leukocytes is likely associated with increased oxidative stress related to the state of varicocele, which also accounts for increase in sperm DNA fragmentation. Thus, assessment of leukocyte telomere length could be taken as an indicator of antioxidant capacity in an individual, which also affects sperm function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Tahamtan
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Sciences & Technology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, (IAUPS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Tavalaee
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Tayebeh Izadi
- Department of Cellular Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nooshin Barikrow
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Sciences & Technology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, (IAUPS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Zakeri
- Department of Biology, Queens College and Graduate Center of the City University of New York, Flushing, New York, USA
| | - Richard A Lockshin
- Department of Biology, Queens College and Graduate Center of the City University of New York, Flushing, New York, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, St. John's University, Jamaica, New York, USA
| | | | - Mohammad Hosseini Nasr-Esfahani
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran. .,Isfahan Fertility and Infertility Center, Isfahan, Iran.
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The Role of Oxidative Stress, Selected Metals, and Parameters of the Immune System in Male Fertility. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:6249536. [PMID: 30254715 PMCID: PMC6142782 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6249536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the associations between standard semen parameters and the parameters reflecting oxidative stress intensity, antioxidant defense functions, levels of selected macro and trace elements, and parameters characterizing immune system function. The study group consisted of 103 fertile males. Based on semen volume, sperm concentration, total sperm count, and percentage of motile sperm at 1 hour postcollection, the individuals were divided into two equal groups—those with excellent (EX) semen quality and those with mediocre (ME) semen quality. The remaining measured parameters characterizing motility and the percentage of normal morphology were higher in the EX group than in the ME group; however, the seminal plasma pH did not differ between the examined groups. The phosphate level was 31% lower in the EX group than in the ME group, whereas there was a tendency toward a 25% lower level of Fe in the EX group than in the ME group (p = 0.064). The activities of enzymes involved in antioxidant defense, CuZn-SOD, CAT, and G6PD, were 14%, 63%, and 39%, respectively, higher in the EX group than in the ME group. However, the level of alpha-tocopherol was 32% lower in the EX group than in the ME group. The other measured parameters characterizing antioxidant defense and the parameters of oxidative stress intensity and immune system function were not significantly different. The value of seminal plasma pH is not related to the semen quality of fertile males. Higher fertility potential estimated based on standard semen parameters in fertile males is associated with lower levels of Fe and higher activities of some antioxidant enzymes.
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The Associations between Infertility and Antioxidants, Proinflammatory Cytokines, and Chemokines. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:8354747. [PMID: 30116493 PMCID: PMC6079345 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8354747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the parameters of oxidative stress and antioxidant defense in relation to the levels of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in patients diagnosed with oligozoospermia and asthenozoospermia. Based on the basic parameters of the spermogram, the examined group (n = 243) was divided into three groups: oligospermic group (sperm count less than 15 × 106/ml) consisting of 152 men, astenozoospermic group (less than 40% of progressively moving sperm cells) consisting of 142 men, and oligoastenozoospermic group (both criteria met) consisting of 90 men. The control group consisted of 103 males with normal semen profile according to the WHO criteria. Total superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in seminal plasma and spermatozoa lysate was significantly lower by 12% and 22%, respectively, in males with oligospermia than in the control group. Analogically, Mn-SOD activity in spermatozoa lysate was significantly lower in males with oligospermia, asthenospermia, and oligoasthenospermia by 44%, 32%, and 45%, respectively. By contrast, CuZn-SOD activity in spermatozoa lysate was significantly higher in males with oligospermia by 60%. The activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in seminal plasma was also significantly higher in males with oligospermia and oligoasthenospermia by 56% and 78%, respectively. The level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in seminal plasma was significantly higher in males with asthenospermia than in the control group by 12%. By contrast, the level of MDA in spermatozoa lysate was significantly lower in males with oligospermia, asthenospermia, and oligoasthenospermia by 26%, 20%, and 26%, respectively. The level of interleukin- (IL-) 8 in seminal plasma was significantly higher in males with asthenospermia and oligoasthenospermia by 64% and 67%, respectively. Abnormalities in spermogram, such as oligospermia, asthenospermia, and oligoasthenospermia, may be related to a decreased activity of Mn-SOD in spermatozoa and increased levels of chemokines in seminal plasma.
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31
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Rezakhaniha B, Heidari R, Abbasi M. Can Melissa officinalis improve chromatin structure and sperm parameters in a rat model of varicocele? Andrologia 2018; 50:e13058. [PMID: 29876952 DOI: 10.1111/and.13058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive production of reactive oxygen species is a central mechanism in the pathology of varicocele; Melissa officinalis (MO) is a medicinal plant from the Lamiaceae family that has antioxidant activity. In this study, we have investigated the potential therapeutic effect of MO on sperm parameters and chromatin structure in varicocelised rat. Male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to control, sham, varicocele, MO treatment and placebo groups. Rats in varicocele, MO treatment and placebo groups underwent left varicocele induction. Following the operation, rats in placebo and MO treatment groups received normal saline or MO extract, daily for 10 weeks respectively. At 10 weeks after varicocele induction, sperm chromatin and parameters were evaluated in all groups. Chromatin structure was evaluated by aniline blue, acridine orange and toluidine blue staining. All three staining outcomes were increased in varicocele and placebo compared control (and sham) groups (p < 0.05). Sperm count, motility, morphology and vitality were decreased between varicocele and control (and sham) group (p < 0.05). Sperm parameters and chromatin staining (else AB staining) outcomes improve in MO treatment compared to varicocele and placebo groups (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that MO ameliorate the harmful effect of varicocele on sperm parameters and chromatin structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijan Rezakhaniha
- Department of Urology, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Heidari
- Department of Urology, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Anatomy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Abbasi
- Department of Anatomy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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32
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Mohammadi P, Hassani-Bafrani H, Tavalaee M, Dattilo M, Nasr-Esfahani MH. One-carbon cycle support rescues sperm damage in experimentally induced varicocoele in rats. BJU Int 2018; 122:480-489. [DOI: 10.1111/bju.14385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Mohammadi
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology; Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center; Royan Institute for Biotechnology; Academic Center for Education; Culture and Research (ACECR); Isfahan Iran
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center; Kashan University of Medical Sciences; Kashan Iran
| | - Hassan Hassani-Bafrani
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center; Kashan University of Medical Sciences; Kashan Iran
- Gametogenesis Research Center; Kashan University of Medical Sciences; Kashan Iran
| | - Marziyeh Tavalaee
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology; Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center; Royan Institute for Biotechnology; Academic Center for Education; Culture and Research (ACECR); Isfahan Iran
| | | | - Mohammad H. Nasr-Esfahani
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology; Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center; Royan Institute for Biotechnology; Academic Center for Education; Culture and Research (ACECR); Isfahan Iran
- Isfahan Fertility and Infertility Center; Isfahan Iran
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Huang C, Cao X, Pang D, Li C, Luo Q, Zou Y, Feng B, Li L, Cheng A, Chen Z. Is male infertility associated with increased oxidative stress in seminal plasma? A-meta analysis. Oncotarget 2018; 9:24494-24513. [PMID: 29849956 PMCID: PMC5966266 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational case-control studies to evaluate markers of oxidative stress in seminal plasma of patients with male infertility. Background Current evidence links oxidative stress to male infertility, in which multiple markers of oxidative stress have been widely detected, publishing inconsistent results with regard to the role of oxidative stress markers in the evaluation of male infertility. Therefore, a systematic review and meta-analysis on this issue is necessary. Results From the 1024 articles initially retrieved, 65 studies were included in our meta-analysis with 11 oxidative stress markers, containing 3819 male infertility patients and 2012 controls. The concentrations of malondialdehyde (SMD = 1.86, p < 0.00001), NO (SMD = 0.89, p = 0.001), carbonyl protein (SMD = 2.09, p < 0.00001) in seminal plasma were significantly higher in infertility patients. The concentrations of GSH (SMD = -1.68, p < 0.00001), vitamin C (SMD = -1.12, p < 0.00001), and vitamin E (SMD = -1.48, p = 0.003), as well as the activities of catalase (SMD = -1.91, p < 0.0001), glutathione peroxidase (SMD = -1.96, p = 0.0002) and glutathione-S-transferase (SMD = -1.62, p = 0.009) declined remarkably, resulting in decreased total antioxidant capacity (SMD = -1.77, p < 0.00001). Besides, the activity of superoxide dismutase showed no statistical difference between infertility patients and controls (SMD = -0.51, p = 0.07). Conclusions Our meta-analysis suggests that oxidative stress in seminal plasma resulting from decreased antioxidant defense are associated with male infertility. Methods Using PubMed, EMBASE, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang database, we searched for literature reporting the detection of oxidative stress markers in the seminal plasma of male infertility published up to June 2017. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were calculated for the finally analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Huang
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiyue Cao
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Dejiang Pang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chao Li
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qihui Luo
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yuanfeng Zou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Bin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lixia Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhengli Chen
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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Increased F 2-Isoprostane Levels in Semen and Immunolocalization of the 8-Iso Prostaglandin F 2α in Spermatozoa from Infertile Patients with Varicocele. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:7508014. [PMID: 29682163 PMCID: PMC5846461 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7508014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acid damages lead to alterations in sperm function. This study aimed to investigate the involvement of F2-isoprostanes (F2-IsoPs), oxidized lipid products from arachidonic acid, in sperm quality impairment. For this purpose, F2-IsoP levels in semen and F2-IsoP localization in spermatozoa were explored in infertile subjects affected by idiopathic infertility or varicocele, as well as in fertile men. As compared to fertile men, in the idiopathic infertility and varicocele groups, sperm concentration, motility, morphology, viability, and fertility index were significantly lower and the mean scores concerning sperm apoptosis, necrosis, and immaturity were significantly higher. The idiopathic infertile group showed a reduction in sperm motility and fertility index, as well as an increase of apoptosis and necrosis percentages, in comparison to the varicocele group. The varicocele group showed the highest levels of F2-IsoPs, a significant increase of sperm immaturity, and a significant correlation between F2-IsoP levels and sperm immaturity. 8-Iso Prostaglandin F2α, biomarker of in vivo F2-IsoP, was clearly localized in sperm midpiece and cytoplasmic residues. Data show that F2-IsoP formation is relevant in semen and sperm from infertile patients with varicocele and high percentage of immaturity, suggesting that a correct fatty acid integrity is needed for sperm maturation.
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Moretti E, Collodel G, Fiaschi AI, Micheli L, Iacoponi F, Cerretani D. Nitric oxide, malondialdheyde and non-enzymatic antioxidants assessed in viable spermatozoa from selected infertile men. Reprod Biol 2017; 17:370-375. [PMID: 29055788 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
There are growing evidences that the semen of infertile male population shows higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels concomitant with lower antioxidant capacity compared to those detected in semen of fertile population. The plasma membrane of the sperm cell, which has high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids, renders it particularly sensitive to ROS. The aim of this study was to compare the sperm parameters (concentration, motility, morphology and vitality) and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), as marker of lipid peroxidation (LPO), nitric oxide (NO), ascorbic acid (AA), total (GSHt) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) in viable sperm in a group of 38 infertile patients and in a group of 55 control subjects with unknown reproductive potential. The comparison between variables in infertile patients and controls revealed that the sperm quality was reduced in the infertile group, whereas the levels of NO, AA and GSH were significantly increased in viable spermatozoa from infertile men; however, the endogenous levels of MDA were similar in infertile and control groups. Based on our results, we could speculate that the rise of GSHt and AA levels in viable sperm of infertile group help partially to counteract the damaging effect of ROS and partly prevent a substantial LPO. The observation of the concomitant increase of NO and antioxidant indices in viable spermatozoa of infertile subjects is a novel finding and we think that these results can be useful since the viable sperm population is conceivably used in assisted reproductive technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Moretti
- Dept. of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci 14, Siena, Italy
| | - Giulia Collodel
- Dept. of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci 14, Siena, Italy.
| | - Anna Ida Fiaschi
- Dept. of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Neurosciences, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci 14, Siena, Italy
| | - Lucia Micheli
- Dept. of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Neurosciences, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci 14, Siena, Italy
| | - Francesca Iacoponi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana "M. Aleandri", via Appia Nuova 1411, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Cerretani
- Dept. of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Neurosciences, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci 14, Siena, Italy
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