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Abasilim C, Persky V, Sargis RM, Argos M, Daviglus ML, Freels S, Tsintsifas K, Day T, Cai J, Isasi CR, Peters BA, Talavera GA, Thyagarajan B, Turyk ME. Association of Acculturation and Hispanic/Latino Background with Endogenous Sex and Thyroid-Related Hormones Among Middle-Aged and Older Hispanic/Latino Adults: the HCHS/SOL Study. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2023:10.1007/s40615-023-01762-8. [PMID: 37620727 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-023-01762-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hormones are linked to cardiometabolic diseases and may be impacted by acculturation though multiple mechanisms. We evaluated associations of Hispanic/Latino background and acculturation with levels of sex- and thyroid-related hormones and the potential mediating effect of adiposity, lifestyle factors, and sleep apnea syndrome on these associations. METHODS We studied 1789 adults, aged 45-74, from a sub-cohort of the Hispanic Community Health Survey/Study of Latinos. Peri/pre-menopausal women and individuals on medications related to hormones were excluded. Our study assessed eleven sex- and thyroid-related hormones, Hispanic/Latino background, and five acculturation measures. Associations were assessed using multivariable linear and logistic regression adjusted for survey design and confounding variables. We explored potential mediation using a path analysis. RESULTS In postmenopausal women, acculturation score-MESA was associated with decreased thyroid-stimulating hormone (β = - 0.13;95%CI = - 0.22, - 0.03) while age at immigration greater than the median (vs US-born) was associated with decreased (β = - 14.6; 95%CI = - 28.2, - 0.99) triiodothyronine (T3). In men, language acculturation and acculturation score-MESA were associated with increased estradiol and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) while age at immigration greater and lesser than the median (vs US-born) was associated with decreased SHBG. Hispanic/Latino background (Mexicans as reference) were selectively associated with sex- and thyroid-related hormone levels in both sexes. Current smoking and sleep apnea syndrome partially mediated the association of Cuban and Puerto Rican heritage (vs Mexican) with T3 levels in men and postmenopausal women, respectively. CONCLUSION Selected acculturation measures were associated with thyroid-related hormones in postmenopausal women and sex-related hormones in men. Understanding the mechanisms involved in the relationship of acculturation and Hispanic/Latino background with hormones warrants additional investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chibuzor Abasilim
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Victoria Persky
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Robert M Sargis
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago and Medical Service, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Maria Argos
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Martha L Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sally Freels
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Konstantina Tsintsifas
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Tessa Day
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jianwen Cai
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Carmen R Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Brandilyn A Peters
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Gregory A Talavera
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Bharat Thyagarajan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Mary E Turyk
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Storz MA, Ronco AL. Dietary Acid Load Is Not Associated with Serum Testosterone in Men: Insights from the NHANES. Nutrients 2023; 15:3075. [PMID: 37447401 DOI: 10.3390/nu15133075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The dietary acid load (DAL) is a novel marker of overall diet quality, which has been associated with overweight, type 2 diabetes and altered glucocorticoid secretion. A potential association with sex hormones is thus not inconceivable. We investigated whether DAL was associated with serum total testosterone concentrations of men in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The DAL scores, including the potential renal acid load (PRAL) and net endogenous acid production (NEAP), were estimated and compared between participants with low and normal testosterone levels. The investigated sample encompassed n = 377 males with a mean age of 49.50 years. Approximately 73% of the sample were of Non-Hispanic White origin. None of the examined DAL scores showed significant associations with serum testosterone levels. We observed no significant differences in the crude DAL scores between individuals with low testosterone levels and individuals with normal testosterone levels. Multivariate regression models adjusting for covariates confirmed the lack of associations between the PRAL and serum testosterone. Our results are of particular importance for those individuals who wish to lower their DAL in light of the presumable health effects of a more alkaline diet. Our data suggest that diet modifications toward a lower intake of animal protein and refined grains (which consecutively translates into a lower DAL) may not negatively affect men's testosterone levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Andreas Storz
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Centre for Complementary Medicine, Freiburg University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alvaro Luis Ronco
- Unit of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Pereira Rossell Women's Hospital, Bvard. Artigas 1590, Montevideo 11600, Uruguay
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Tao Z, Wang Z, Zhu S, Wang S, Wang Z. Associations between benzophenone-3 and sex steroid hormones among United States adult men. Reprod Toxicol 2022; 114:44-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Louters M, Pearlman M, Solsrud E, Pearlman A. Functional hypogonadism among patients with obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Int J Impot Res 2022; 34:714-720. [PMID: 34775481 DOI: 10.1038/s41443-021-00496-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Testosterone deficiency, defined as low total testosterone combined with physical, cognitive, and sexual signs and/or symptoms, is a common finding in adult men. Functional hypogonadism (FH) is defined as borderline low testosterone (T) secondary to aging and/or comorbid conditions such as diabetes, obesity, and/or metabolic syndrome. The relationship between FH and metabolic disorders is multifactorial and bidirectional, and associated with a disruption of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Resolution of FH requires the correct diagnosis and treatment of the underlying condition(s) with lifestyle modifications considered first-line therapy. Normalization of T levels through dietary modifications such as caloric restriction and restructuring of macronutrients have recently been explored. Exercise and sleep quality have been associated with T levels, and patients should be encouraged to practice resistance training and sleep seven to nine hours per night. Supplementation with vitamin D and Trigonella foenum-graecum may also be considered when optimizing T levels. Ultimately, treatment of FH requires a multidisciplinary approach and personalized patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marne Louters
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Michelle Pearlman
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Emily Solsrud
- Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Amy Pearlman
- Department of Urology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
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Lopez DS, Liu L, Smith-Warner SA, Tsilidis KK, Daniel C, Baillargeon J, Rohrmann S, Platz EA, Giovannucci E. Association of Prudent, Western, and Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI-2010) dietary patterns with serum testosterone and sex hormone binding globulin levels in men. Hormones (Athens) 2022; 21:113-125. [PMID: 35015287 PMCID: PMC9134265 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-021-00345-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The association of dietary patterns with testosterone (T) and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels remains unclear. We investigated the associations of dietary patterns with T and SHBG levels to determine whether these associations vary by obesity status. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis was conducted in 1376 middle-aged (≥ 40 years old) men of the Health Professionals Follow-up Study. Prudent (rich in whole grains and dietary fiber) and Western (rich in red meat and refined grains) diet scores were identified using principal component analysis. The Alternate Healthy Eating Index 2010 (AHEI-2010) score, a measure of overall diet quality, was defined based on foods and nutrients predictive of chronic disease risk. RESULTS We identified a weak inverse association between AHEI-2010 and T levels (Ptrend = 0.07), but no associations with other dietary patterns. Null associations were observed between diet scores and SHBG. Obesity status appeared to modify the associations for the Prudent diet and AHEI-2010 with both T and SHBG (Pinteraction ≤ 0.05). T levels were lower (Q1 vs. Q4, 4.23 vs. 3.38) and SHBG higher (Q1 vs. Q4, 48.6 vs. 64.3) with adherence to a more prudent diet among obese men (Ptrends ≤ 0.05). CONCLUSION We observed a weak inverse association between AHEI-2010 and T levels. Null associations were identified for SHBG. Obesity status seemed to modulate associations of T and SHBG levels with diet scores, especially the AHEI-2010 and prudent diets. However, this research question warrants further investigation in prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Lopez
- Deparment of Preventive Medicine and Population Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Population Health, UTMB Health School of Medicine, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX, 77555-1153, USA.
| | - Lydia Liu
- Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephanie A Smith-Warner
- Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Konstantinos K Tsilidis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Carrie Daniel
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jacques Baillargeon
- Deparment of Preventive Medicine and Population Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Sabine Rohrmann
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elizabeth A Platz
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Urology and the James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Edward Giovannucci
- Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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