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Takahashi H, Kinoshita T, Soh Z, Okahara S, Miyamoto S, Ninomiya S, Tsuji T. Simultaneous Control of Venous Reservoir Level and Arterial Flow Rate in Cardiopulmonary Bypass With a Centrifugal Pump. IEEE JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL ENGINEERING IN HEALTH AND MEDICINE 2023; 11:435-440. [PMID: 37534100 PMCID: PMC10393111 DOI: 10.1109/jtehm.2023.3290951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is an indispensable technique in cardiac surgery, providing the ability to temporarily replace cardiopulmonary function and create a bloodless surgical field. Traditionally, the operation of CPB systems has depended on the expertise and experience of skilled perfusionists. In particular, simultaneously controlling the arterial and venous occluders is difficult because the blood flow rate and reservoir level both change, and failure may put the patient's life at risk. This study proposes an automatic control system with a two-degree-of-freedom model matching controller nested in an I-PD feedback controller to simultaneously regulate the blood flow rate and reservoir level. CPB operations were performed using glycerin and bovine blood as perfusate to simulate flow-up and flow-down phases. The results confirmed that the arterial blood flow rate followed the manually adjusted target venous blood flow rate, with an error of less than 5.32%, and the reservoir level was maintained, with an error of less than 3.44% from the target reservoir level. Then, we assessed the robustness of the control system against disturbances caused by venting/suction of blood. The resulting flow rate error was 5.95%, and the reservoir level error 2.02%. The accuracy of the proposed system is clinically satisfactory and within the allowable error range of 10% or less, meeting the standards set for perfusionists. Moreover, because of the system's simple configuration, consisting of a camera and notebook PC, the system can easily be integrated with general CPB equipment. This practical design enables seamless adoption in clinical settings. With these advancements, the proposed system represents a significant step towards the automation of CPB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidenobu Takahashi
- Department of Medical Science and TechnologyFaculty of Health ScienceHiroshima Kokusai Gakuin UniversityHiroshima739-0321Japan
| | - Takuya Kinoshita
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and EngineeringHiroshima UniversityHigashi-Hiroshima739-8527Japan
| | - Zu Soh
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and EngineeringHiroshima UniversityHigashi-Hiroshima739-8527Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Okahara
- Department of Medical EngineeringFaculty of Health SciencesJunshin Gakuen UniversityFukuoka815-8510Japan
| | - Satoshi Miyamoto
- Clinical EngineeringHiroshima University HospitalHiroshima734-8551Japan
| | - Shinji Ninomiya
- Department of Medical Science and TechnologyFaculty of Health ScienceHiroshima Kokusai Gakuin UniversityHiroshima739-0321Japan
| | - Toshio Tsuji
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and EngineeringHiroshima UniversityHigashi-Hiroshima739-8527Japan
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Gao Y, Li M, Jiang M, Zhang Y, Wu C, Ji X. Hemolysis performance analysis and a novel estimation model of roller pump system. Comput Biol Med 2023; 159:106842. [PMID: 37062254 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.106842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hemolysis performance is a crucial criterion for roller pumps utilized in life supporting system. In this study, the factor of hemolysis for roller pumps was selected as the target, and an estimation formulation was built to evaluate its hemolysis. METHODS Several models were proposed and then simulated with the assistant of Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) framework. The hemolysis performance was calculated using the power law model based on CFD and the estimation model in accordance with geometry parameters proposed in this study. The results of the in vitro experiments were compared with the simulation results. Power law model with the lowest error was utilized in following analysis. RESULTS As indicated by the simulation result, the rotary speed most significantly affected the hemolysis performance of roller blood pumps, followed by roller number and diameter of tube. The index of hemolysis (IH) for roller blood pumps at a rotary speed of 20-100 rpm ranged from 8.73E-7 to 8.07E-5. The relative error of the estimation model (4.93%) was lower than of the power law model (6.78%). CONCLUSION The IH led by pumps shows a significant, nonlinear relationship with the rotary speed. The design of multiple rollers design is harmful for hemolysis performance and larger diameter of tube exhibits decreased hemolysis at constant flow rate. An estimation formula was proposed with lower relative error for roller pump with the same shell set, which exhibited reduced computation and elevated convenience. And it can be utilized in hemolysis estimation of roller pumps potentially.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gao
- School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China; Research Institute for Frontier Science, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ming Li
- China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Miaowen Jiang
- School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China; Research Institute for Frontier Science, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China; Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Chuanjie Wu
- China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China; Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Xunming Ji
- School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China; Research Institute for Frontier Science, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China; China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China; Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
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Zhou Y, Sun B, Chen M, Cui C. Research of flow dynamics and occlusion condition in roller pump systems used for ventricular assist. Artif Organs 2020; 45:E1-E13. [PMID: 32735710 DOI: 10.1111/aor.13790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Roller pumps have been widely used in the ventricular assist field for many years, while the significant hemolysis caused by its mechanical stress is still a fundamental problem. Although the usual under-occlusion setting was considered as an effective method to reduce the hemolysis rate, its nonocclusive condition of the whole process may cause serious backflow results, which exactly places many restrictions on this method. In this study, the simulation experiments based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is conducted, and the occlusion angle is proposed and used to explore a more reliable adjustment form of the occlusion condition. The parameterized geometry of a roller pump is established based on the occlusion angle and other parameters. In order to simulate the motion of the roller, the dynamic mesh mode is introduced to the CFD model, and the analytic formulations used to determine the boundary position are derived. In the whole operation process of the roller pump, four feature positions of the rollers were focused and extracted, and the flow characteristics and the shear stress distribution at these positions were demonstrated. It was found that the entry and exit of the rollers could cause clear shear stress peak, especially when one roller entered, the peak got extremely high. Furthermore, the roller pumps with different occlusion angles were compared, and the results showed that decreasing the occlusion angle could lead to a notable decrease in the amplitude and range of high shear stress and the hemolysis index with a small loss of the occlusion duration. It can be concluded that appropriately decreasing the occlusion angle may be an effective method to alleviate the hemolysis which should be given more attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhou
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Beibei Sun
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Minglong Chen
- Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chang Cui
- Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Ündar A, Rubatti M. Dr. Yves Durandy, February 20, 1947-October 6, 2016. Artif Organs 2017; 41:5-6. [PMID: 28093808 DOI: 10.1111/aor.12895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akif Ündar
- Penn State College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics-H085, 500 University Drive, P.O. Box 850, Hershey, PA, 17033-0850, USA
| | - Marina Rubatti
- Centre chirurgical Marie Lannelongue, Département d'anesthésie, 133 avenue de la resistance, 92160, Le Plessis Robinson, France
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Yap CH, Lai CQ, Loh IGH, Ong TZ. Nonlinear Flow Rate Response to Pumping Frequency and Reduced Hemolysis in the Drastically Under-Occluded Pulsatile Roller Pump. Artif Organs 2016; 41:178-185. [DOI: 10.1111/aor.12731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Choon Hwai Yap
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; National University of Singapore; Singapore
| | - Chang Quan Lai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; National University of Singapore; Singapore
| | - Ivan Guang Hui Loh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; National University of Singapore; Singapore
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Abstract
It has been suggested that pulsatile blood flow is superior to continuous flow (CF) in cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). However, adoption of pulsatile flow (PF) technology has been limited because of practicality and complexity of creating a consistent physiologic pulse. A pediatric pulsatile rotary ventricular pump (PRVP) was designed to address this problem. We evaluated the PRVP in an animal model and determined its ability to generate PF during CPB. The PRVP (modified peristaltic pump, with tapering of the outlet of the pump chamber) was tested in four piglets (10-12 kg). Cannulation was performed with right atrial and aortic cannulae, and pressure sensors were inserted into the femoral arteries. Pressure curves were obtained at different levels of flow and compared with both the animal's baseline physiologic function and a CF roller pump. Pressure and flow waveforms demonstrated significant pulsatility in the PRVP setup compared with CF at all tested conditions. Measurement of hemodynamic energy data, including the percentage pulsatile energy and the surplus hydraulic energy, also revealed a significant increase in pulsatility with the PRVP (p < 0.001). The PRVP creates physiologically significant PF, similar to the pulsatility of a native heart, and has the potential to be easily implemented in pediatric CPB.
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Zhou X, Liang XM, Zhao G, Su Y, Wang Y. A New Computational Fluid Dynamics Method for In-Depth Investigation of Flow Dynamics in Roller Pump Systems. Artif Organs 2014; 38:E106-17. [DOI: 10.1111/aor.12319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Zhou
- School of Mechanical, Electronic, and Industrial Engineering; University of Electronic Science and Technology of China; Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Xin M. Liang
- Centers for Biomedical Engineering; Department of Electronic Science and Technology; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Centers for Biomedical Engineering; Department of Electronic Science and Technology; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui China
| | - Youchao Su
- School of Mechanical, Electronic, and Industrial Engineering; University of Electronic Science and Technology of China; Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Mechanical, Electronic, and Industrial Engineering; University of Electronic Science and Technology of China; Chengdu Sichuan China
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Durandy Y, Wang S, Ündar A. An Original Versatile Nonocclusive Pressure-Regulated Blood Roller Pump for Extracorporeal Perfusion. Artif Organs 2013; 38:469-73. [DOI: 10.1111/aor.12192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yves Durandy
- Intensive Care Department; Pediatric Cardiac Surgery CCML; Le Plessis-Robinson France
| | - Shigang Wang
- Penn State Hershey Pediatric Cardiovascular Research Center; Departments of Pediatrics, Surgery and Bioengineering; Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center; Penn State Hershey College of Medicine; Penn State Hershey Children's Hospital; Hershey PA USA
| | - Akif Ündar
- Penn State Hershey Pediatric Cardiovascular Research Center; Departments of Pediatrics, Surgery and Bioengineering; Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center; Penn State Hershey College of Medicine; Penn State Hershey Children's Hospital; Hershey PA USA
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