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Wu S, Hao J, Guo D, Ma Z, Wu Q, Zhang M, Bi H. Characterization of lncRNA and mRNA profiles in ciliary body in experimental myopia. Exp Eye Res 2024; 241:109849. [PMID: 38430983 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2024.109849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Currently, researchers have mainly focused on the role of the tissues of the posterior segment of the eyes in the development of myopia. However, the ciliary body, an anterior ocular tissue that contracts to initiate the process of accommodation, may also play an important role in the progression of myopia due to the increased demand for near work. In the present study, we established a lens-induced myopia (LIM) animal model in guinea pigs and investigated the molecular changes in the ciliary body associated with the development of myopia based on RNA sequencing. As a result, 871 differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs and 19 DE lncRNAs were identified in the ciliary body between the LIM group and the normal control group. In addition, the lncRNA-mRNA co-expression analysis was performed to explore the target genes of lncRNAs, which were mainly enriched in the Rap1 signaling pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and complement and coagulation cascades pathways based on the functional enrichment analysis. Among the target genes of lncRNAs, three hub genes, including Ctnnb1, Pik3r1, and Itgb1, were found to be involved in the Rap1 signaling pathway. Interestingly, two crucial genes, Grk1 and Pde6a, which are mainly expressed in retinal photoreceptors, were enriched in visual perception in the ciliary body in functional analysis and were verified to be expressed in the ciliary body. These findings indicate the molecular pathogenetic role of the ciliary body in myopia and provide new insights into the underlying mechanism of myopia development. Further studies are needed to explore the specific contributions of these identified lncRNAs and mRNAs to the development of myopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Jiawen Hao
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Dadong Guo
- Shandong Academy of Eye Disease Prevention and Therapy, Medical College of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China.
| | - Zhongyu Ma
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Qiuxin Wu
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hongsheng Bi
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Shandong Academy of Eye Disease Prevention and Therapy, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmology and Children Visual Impairment Prevention and Control, Shandong Engineering Technology Research Center of Visual Intelligence, Shandong Academy of Health and Myopia Prevention and Control of Children and Adolescents, Jinan, 250002, China.
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Fernández-Vigo JI, Fernández-Aragón S, de-Pablo-Gómez-de-Liaño L, Fernández-Vigo C, Almorín-Fernández-Vigo I, García-Feijóo J, Fernández-Vigo JA. Assessment of the ciliary muscle and scleral anterior thickness in high myopia by optical coherence tomography. ARCHIVOS DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE OFTALMOLOGIA 2024; 99:16-22. [PMID: 38008380 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftale.2023.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess ciliary muscle (CM) and anterior scleral thickness (AST) dimensions in vivo in high myopia using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) and to compare with emmetropic and hyperopic subjects. METHODS Cross-sectional study that included 34 high myopic patients (≥ -6 diopters [D]), 90 emmetropes (-1 to +1 D) and 38 hyperopic patients (≥ +3.5 D). CM thickness (CMT) and AST were measured in the temporal and nasal quadrants at 1, 2, and 3 mm from the scleral spur using SS-OCT. In addition, the length of the CM (CML) was evaluated. RESULTS The dimensions of the CML and the CMT at any of their measurement points were greater in high myopes and emmetropes than in hyperopes, both in the nasal and temporal quadrants (P < .001). However, there were no differences between high myopes and emmetropes for any of the parameters (P ≥ .076) except for the CMT at 3 mm in the temporal quadrant (P < .001). There were no differences in the AST between high myopes, emmetropes and hyperopes, in any of the measurement points or quadrants studied (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS The SS-OCT allows to measure the CM in vivo, not observing differences in its dimensions between high myopes and emmetropes, but they were smaller in hyperopes. In the measurement of the anterior sclera, no differences were observed between the three groups analyzed according to refraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J I Fernández-Vigo
- Departamento de Oftalmología, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain; Centro Internacional de Oftalmología Avanzada, Madrid, Spain.
| | - S Fernández-Aragón
- Departamento de Oftalmología, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain; Centro Internacional de Oftalmología Avanzada, Madrid, Spain
| | - L de-Pablo-Gómez-de-Liaño
- Centro Internacional de Oftalmología Avanzada, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Oftalmología, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Fernández-Vigo
- Centro Internacional de Oftalmología Avanzada, Madrid, Spain; Centro Internacional de Oftalmología Avanzada, Badajoz, Spain
| | | | - J García-Feijóo
- Departamento de Oftalmología, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - J A Fernández-Vigo
- Centro Internacional de Oftalmología Avanzada, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Oftalmología, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
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Maehira M, Oshiro A, Imanaga N, Yamauchi Y, Koizumi H. Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease in a patient with extreme anisometropia. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2023; 32:101929. [PMID: 37771387 PMCID: PMC10522960 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2023.101929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To report Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease in a patient with extreme anisometropia. Observations A 56-year-old woman was referred to our hospital. Her past medical history was significant for amblyopia in the right eye. At the initial visit, decimal best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.03 (Snellen equivalent 5/160) in the right eye and 0.03 (Snellen equivalent 5/160) in the left eye, and axial length was 28.44 mm and 22.36 mm, respectively. Anterior chamber inflammation was seen predominantly in the right eye with fibrin exudates. Swept-source optical coherence tomography demonstrated choroidal thickening and folds predominantly in the left eye. Additionally, serous retinal detachment (SRD) was much more evident in the left eye than in the right eye. Subfoveal choroidal thickness (SCT) was 417 μm in the right and over 800 μm in the left eye. Cerebrospinal fluid examination revealed lymphocyte-dominant hypercellularity. Based on these findings, we diagnosed the patient with VKH disease and treated her with a high-dose systemic corticosteroid. One month after the initiation of treatment, SRD in both eyes fully resolved, and SCT decreased to 105 μm in the right and 311 μm in the left eye. Conclusions and Importance The marked discrepancy in axial length between the right and left eyes might contribute to the different severity of inflammation in VKH disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Maehira
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Ayano Oshiro
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Naoya Imanaga
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Yukihide Yamauchi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Hideki Koizumi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
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Fernández-Vigo JI, Fernández-Aragón S, Burgos-Blasco B, Ly-Yang F, De-Pablo-Gómez-de-Liaño L, Almorín-Fernández-Vigo I, Martínez-de-la-Casa JM, Fernández-Vigo JÁ. Comparison in conjunctival-Tenon's capsule thickness, anterior scleral thickness and ciliary muscle dimensions between Caucasians and Hispanic by optical coherence tomography. Int Ophthalmol 2023; 43:3969-3977. [PMID: 37405569 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-023-02798-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the differences in the dimensions of the anterior ocular segment, and specifically in conjunctival-Tenon's capsule thickness (CTT), anterior scleral thickness (AST) and ciliary muscle thickness (CMT), between Caucasian and Hispanic subjects using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). METHODS Cross-sectional study including 53 Hispanic and 60 Caucasian healthy participants, matched by age, sex and refractive error, who underwent a complete ophthalmological examination. CTT, AST and CMT were manually measured in the temporal and nasal quadrants at 0, 1, 2 and 3 mm from the scleral spur using SS-OCT. RESULTS Mean age and refractive error were 38.7 ± 12.3 years and -1.05 ± 2.6 diopters, and 41.8 ± 11.7 years and -0.50 ± 2.6 diopters for the Hispanic and Caucasians, respectively (p = 0.165 and p = 0.244). The CTT was increased in the temporal quadrant in the Hispanic group in the three studied regions (CTT1, CTT2 and CTT3; being the means 223.0 ± 68.4, 215.3 ± 66.4 and 203.8 ± 67.1 µm versus 190.8 ± 51.0, 189.4 ± 53.2 and 187.4 ± 55.3 µm respectively; p < 0.001). Larger AST values were observed in the temporal quadrant in the Hispanic group (AST2: 559.8 ± 80.8 µm and AST3: 591.6 ± 83.0 µm) compared to the Caucasian group (520.7 ± 50.1 and 558.9 ± 54.7 respectively; p ≤ 0.022). No differences were observed in the nasal quadrant for CTT, AST1 and AST3 (p ≥ 0.076). No differences emerged in the CM dimensions (p ≥ 0.055). CONCLUSION CTT and AST measurements were thicker in the temporal quadrant of Hispanic patients compared to Caucasians. This could have implications for the pathogenesis of different ocular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Ignacio Fernández-Vigo
- Centro Internacional de Oftalmología Avanzada, Zurbano 71 Street, 28010, Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain.
| | | | - Bárbara Burgos-Blasco
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Ly-Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucía De-Pablo-Gómez-de-Liaño
- Centro Internacional de Oftalmología Avanzada, Zurbano 71 Street, 28010, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - José Ángel Fernández-Vigo
- Centro Internacional de Oftalmología Avanzada, Zurbano 71 Street, 28010, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
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Jia WN, Wang QY, Niu LL, Chen ZX, Jiang YX. Morphometric assessment of the ciliary body in patients with Marfan syndrome and ectopia lentis: A quantitative study using ultrasound biomicroscopy: Ciliary body morphology in Marfan syndrome and ectopia lentis. Am J Ophthalmol 2023; 251:24-31. [PMID: 36948371 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the biometric characteristics of the ciliary body in patients with Marfan syndrome (MFS) and ectopia lentis (EL). DESIGN Cross-sectional study. METHODS Seventy-two consecutive MFS patients with EL and 72 non-disease controls were recruited. Ciliary body biometric parameters such as ciliary muscle cross-sectional area at 2000 μm from the scleral spur (CMA2000), ciliary muscle thickness at 1000 μm from the scleral spur (CMT1000), and maximum ciliary body thickness (CBTmax) were measured from multiple directions with ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM). The relationship between ciliary body parameters and other ocular characteristics was also evaluated. RESULTS Average CMA2000, CMT1000, and CBTmax were 0.692 ± 0.015 mm2, 0.405 ± 0.010 mm, and 0.855±0.023 mm in MFS eyes, respectively, and were significantly smaller than controls (all p < 0.001). The prevalence of ciliary body thinning was 22.2% in the MFS group versus 0 in controls (p < 0.001); eyes with more severe EL had smaller CMA2000 (p = 0.050), thinner CMT1000 (p = 0.022) and shorter CBTmax (p = 0.015). Patients with microspherophakia (MSP) had even smaller CMA2000 (p = 0.033) and CMT1000 (p = 0.044) than those without MSP. The most common subluxation direction was in the superonasal quadrant (25, 39.7%), which probably correlates with the thinnest CMT1000 in the inferotemporal quadrant (p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS MFS patients with EL had thinner ciliary muscles, shorter ciliary processes, and a higher prevalence of ciliary body thinning, especially those with MSP. Both the extent and direction of subluxation were associated with ciliary body biometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Nan Jia
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University); Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Qian-Yi Wang
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University); Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Ling-Ling Niu
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University); Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Ze-Xu Chen
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University); Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Yong-Xiang Jiang
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University); Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai 200031, China.
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Ren J, Gao X, Chen L, Lin H, Liu Y, Zhou Y, Liao Y, Xie C, Zuo C, Lin M. Characteristics of the Ciliary Body in Healthy Chinese Subjects Evaluated by Radial and Transverse Imaging of Ultrasound Biometric Microscopy. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11133696. [PMID: 35806981 PMCID: PMC9267437 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11133696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The imaging and analysis of the ciliary body (CB) are valuable in many potential clinical applications. This study aims to demonstrate the anatomy characteristics of CB using radial and transverse imaging of ultrasound biometric microscopy (UBM) in healthy Chinese subjects, and to explore the determining factors. Methods: Fifty-four eyes of 30 healthy Chinese subjects were evaluated. Clinical data, including age, body mass index (BMI), intraocular pressure (IOP), axial length (AL), and lens thickness (LT), were collected. Radial and transverse UBM measurements of the ciliary body were performed. Anterior chamber depth (ACD), ciliary sulcus diameter (CSD), ciliary process length (CPL), ciliary process density (CPD), ciliary process area (CPA), ciliary muscle area (CMA), ciliary body area (CBA), ciliary body thickness (CBT0, CBT1, and CBTmax), anterior placement of ciliary body (APCB), and trabecular-ciliary angle (TCA) of four (superior, nasal, inferior, and temporal) quadrants were measured. Results: The average CPL was 0.513 ± 0.074 mm, and the average CPA was 0.890 ± 0.141 mm2. CPL and CPA tended to be longer and larger in the superior quadrant (p < 0.001) than in the other three quadrants. Average CPL was significantly correlated with AL (r = 0.535, p < 0.001), ACD (r = 0.511, p < 0.001), and LT (r = −0.512, p < 0.001). Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) scores were high for CPL (0.979), CPD (0.992), CPA (0.966), CMA (0.963), and CBA (0.951). Conclusions: In healthy Chinese subjects, CPL was greatest in the superior quadrant, followed by the inferior, temporal, and nasal quadrants, and CPA was largest in the superior quadrant, followed by the tempdoral, inferior, and nasal quadrants. Transverse UBM images can be used to measure the anatomy of the ciliary process with relatively good repeatability and reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou 510060, China; (J.R.); (X.G.); (L.C.); (H.L.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (C.X.)
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Xinbo Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou 510060, China; (J.R.); (X.G.); (L.C.); (H.L.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (C.X.)
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Liming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou 510060, China; (J.R.); (X.G.); (L.C.); (H.L.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (C.X.)
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Huishan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou 510060, China; (J.R.); (X.G.); (L.C.); (H.L.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (C.X.)
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou 510060, China; (J.R.); (X.G.); (L.C.); (H.L.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (C.X.)
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yuying Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou 510060, China; (J.R.); (X.G.); (L.C.); (H.L.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (C.X.)
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yunru Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou 510060, China; (J.R.); (X.G.); (L.C.); (H.L.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (C.X.)
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Chunzi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou 510060, China; (J.R.); (X.G.); (L.C.); (H.L.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (C.X.)
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Chengguo Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou 510060, China; (J.R.); (X.G.); (L.C.); (H.L.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (C.X.)
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Correspondence: (C.Z.); (M.L.)
| | - Mingkai Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou 510060, China; (J.R.); (X.G.); (L.C.); (H.L.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (C.X.)
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Correspondence: (C.Z.); (M.L.)
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Zhang X, Wu Q, Wen T, Zhao H, Tian Q, Xu J, Tang G, Li R, Guo X, Song J, Bi H. In vivo analysis of ciliary muscle in myopic Chinese young adults using ArcScan Insight ® 100. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2022; 42:559-570. [PMID: 35261043 DOI: 10.1111/opo.12965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyse the morphological characteristics of the ciliary muscle (CM) and to explore its relationship with different ocular biometric parameters in myopic young Chinese adults. METHODS This observational, cross-sectional study included 50 right eyes from 50 myopic adults. The CM area (CMA), CM thickness (CMT) and CM length (CML) were measured using the ArcScan Insight® 100. CMT was determined at three points: 1.0 mm (CMT-1), 2.0 mm (CMT-2) and 3.0 mm (CMT-3) posterior to the scleral spur. CML was measured on the scleral (CMLs) and vitreous (CMLv) aspects. The spherical equivalent refraction (SER), axial length (AL) and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) were examined to determine their associations with CM parameters (CMA, CML and CMT). RESULTS The mean SER and AL were -4.39 ± 2.29 D and 25.61 ± 1.15 mm, respectively. Compared with the nasal CMA, CML and CMT (CMT-1, CMT-2 and CMT-3) findings, the temporal CM parameters (CMA, CMLs, CMLv, CMT-1, CMT-2 and CMT-3) were found to be significantly thicker (all p < 0.001, except CMLv and CMT-1; p < 0.01). The nasal CMA was associated with the average corneal curvature (r = 0.30, p = 0.03) and SER (r = -0.30, p = 0.04). Nasal and temporal CMT-2 were negatively correlated with SER (r = -0.33 and -0.32, respectively, both p < 0.05). There was no correlation between CM parameters (except nasal CMLs, r = 0.31, p = 0.03) and SFCT, or between CM parameters and either the AL or anterior chamber depth (all p > 0.05). CONCLUSION These results suggest that there is temporal versus nasal asymmetry of the CM. CMA, CMT or CML did not vary with axial growth of the eye. The CM is not simply stretched as the eye elongates in myopic young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyan Zhang
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Eye Institute of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Qiuxin Wu
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Eye Institute of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Tiancai Wen
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haiqiang Zhao
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Eye Institute of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Qingmei Tian
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Eye Institute of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Eye Institute of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Guodong Tang
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Eye Institute of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Runkuan Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Eye Institute of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Guo
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Eye Institute of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jike Song
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Eye Institute of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Hongsheng Bi
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Eye Institute of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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Li Z, Meng Z, Qu W, Li X, Chang P, Wang D, Zhao Y. The Relationship Between Age and the Morphology of the Crystalline Lens, Ciliary Muscle, Trabecular Meshwork, and Schlemm's Canal: An in vivo Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Study. Front Physiol 2021; 12:763736. [PMID: 34867468 PMCID: PMC8640208 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.763736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the effects of age on the morphologies of the crystalline lens, ciliary muscle (CM), Schlemm’s canal (SC), and trabecular meshwork (TM) using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). Methods: Images of the crystalline lens and iridocorneal angle were obtained in healthy participants’ eyes using SS-OCT. Morphological parameters of the crystalline lens, CM, and TM/SC were measured, and the relationship between these parameters and age was evaluated. Results: A total of 62 healthy participants were enrolled, with an age range of 7–79 years. With adjustments for the effects of axial length and sex, both the nasal and temporal SC cross-sectional areas (CSA) and the cross-sectional area of the CM (CMA), distance from the scleral spur to the inner apex of the ciliary muscle (IA-SS), and nasal SC volume were negatively correlated with age (P ≤ 0.041). Meanwhile, the lens thickness (LT) (P < 0.001) and lens vault (LV) (P < 0.001) were positively correlated with age, and the radius of the curvature of the anterior lens (ALR) was negatively correlated with age (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Increasing age was associated with a thicker crystalline lens, a steeper anterior lens curvature, an anteriorly located and smaller CM, and a narrower SC. Clinical Trial Registration:https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/prs/app/action/Select Protocol?sid=S000A3JZ&selectaction=Edit&uid=U00019K7&ts=4&cx=-c5xxp8, identifier [NCT04576884].
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangliang Li
- Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou, China.,Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Hangzhou Branch, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ziqi Meng
- Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou, China.,Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Hangzhou Branch, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenyong Qu
- Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou, China.,Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Hangzhou Branch, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiuyuan Li
- Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou, China.,Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Hangzhou Branch, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pingjun Chang
- Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou, China.,Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Hangzhou Branch, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou, China.,Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Hangzhou Branch, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yune Zhao
- Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou, China.,Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Hangzhou Branch, Hangzhou, China
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9
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Fernández-Vigo JI, Moreno-Morillo FJ, Shi H, Ly-Yang F, Burgos-Blasco B, Güemes-Villahoz N, Donate-López J, García-Feijóo J. Assessment of the anterior scleral thickness in central serous chorioretinopathy patients by optical coherence tomography. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2021; 65:769-776. [PMID: 34491476 DOI: 10.1007/s10384-021-00870-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the anterior scleral thickness (AST) and describe the presence of a visible supraciliary space (SCS) in central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) patients by swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional comparative study. MATERIAL AND METHODS Three groups were studied: 1) 64 eyes of 54 patients with CSC with persistent subretinal fluid (SRF); 2) 42 fellow eyes of CSC patients without SRF; 3) 65 eyes of 65 controls matched by age, sex and axial length (AL). The AST was measured in the temporal and nasal quadrants at 0, 1, and 2 mm from the scleral spur by SS-OCT. The presence of a visible SCS was also assessed. RESULTS No differences were observed in the AST0 among the three groups (p≥ 0.665). The temporal AST1 was significantly thicker in the CSC group (530.3 ±67.1 µm) than in the controls (505.5 ±73.9; p=0.041). Mean AST2 was also thicker in the CSC group and the fellow eyes both for the temporal (519.4 ±89.1 µm and 519.8 ±98.5 µm respectively) and nasal quadrants (564.2 ±124.9 µm and 570.5 ±131.0 µm) than in the controls (450.1 ±76.8 and 473.3 ±111.6 µm) (all p≤0.001). A visible SCS was detected in the eyes of 8 CSC patients, in 4 fellow eyes and only in 1 control eye. CONCLUSIONS AST measured by SS-OCT was significantly greater in CSC eyes than in healthy eyes. Also, a visible SCS was detected in CSC eyes. Thus, thicker sclera in CSC eyes could be associated with the physiopathology of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Ignacio Fernández-Vigo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IdISSC), Professor Martin Lagos s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain. .,Centro Internacional de Oftalmología Avanzada, Zurbano 71, 28010, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Francisco Javier Moreno-Morillo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IdISSC), Professor Martin Lagos s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hang Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IdISSC), Professor Martin Lagos s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain.,Centro Internacional de Oftalmología Avanzada, Zurbano 71, 28010, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Ly-Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IdISSC), Professor Martin Lagos s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bárbara Burgos-Blasco
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IdISSC), Professor Martin Lagos s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Noemí Güemes-Villahoz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IdISSC), Professor Martin Lagos s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Donate-López
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IdISSC), Professor Martin Lagos s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julián García-Feijóo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IdISSC), Professor Martin Lagos s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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10
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Fernández-Vigo JI, Kudsieh B, Shi H, De-Pablo-Gómez-de-Liaño L, Fernández-Vigo JÁ, García-Feijóo J. Diagnostic imaging of the ciliary body: Technologies, outcomes, and future perspectives. Eur J Ophthalmol 2021; 32:75-88. [PMID: 34233517 DOI: 10.1177/11206721211031409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The ciliary body (CB) is part of the uvea and is a complex, highly specialized structure with multiple functions and significant relationships with nearby structures. Its functions include the aqueous humor (AH) production in the ciliary processes, the regulation of the AH output through the uveoscleral pathway, and accommodation, which depends on the ciliary muscle. Also, the CB is an important determinant of angle width as it forms part of the ciliary sulcus. Until recently, knowledge of the CB was based on histological studies. However, this structure can currently be assessed in vivo using imaging techniques such as ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Both techniques have shown good reproducibility of their measurements allowing for quantification of CB dimensions and their localization. In effect, studies have shown a larger CB in myopia and its diminishing size with age. Swept-source OCT devices offer fast, non-invasive high-resolution imaging allowing the identification of multiple structures. UBM requires contact and is uncomfortable for the patient. However, this technique offers deeper imaging and therefore remains the gold standard for assessing the posterior chamber, ciliary processes, or zonula. The clinical utility of CB imaging includes its assessment in different types of glaucoma such as angle-closure, malignant or plateau iris. Diagnostic CB imaging is also invaluable for the assessment of ciliochoroidal detachment when suspected, the position after the implantation of a pre-crystalline or sulcus-sutured lenses, diagnosis or monitoring of cysts or tumors, sclerotomies after retinal surgery, intermediate uveitis, or accommodation.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Ignacio Fernández-Vigo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain.,Centro Internacional de Oftalmología Avanzada, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bachar Kudsieh
- Centro Internacional de Oftalmología Avanzada, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hang Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain.,Centro Internacional de Oftalmología Avanzada, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucía De-Pablo-Gómez-de-Liaño
- Centro Internacional de Oftalmología Avanzada, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Ángel Fernández-Vigo
- Centro Internacional de Oftalmología Avanzada, Madrid, Spain.,Centro Internacional de Oftalmología Avanzada, Badajoz, Spain.,Department of Ophthalmology, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Julián García-Feijóo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
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11
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Xie X, Corradetti G, Song A, Pardeshi A, Sultan W, Lee JY, Yu F, Zhang L, Chen S, Chopra V, Sadda SR, Xu B, Huang AS. Age- and refraction-related changes in anterior segment anatomical structures measured by swept-source anterior segment OCT. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240110. [PMID: 33095821 PMCID: PMC7584205 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the effects of age and refractive status on anterior segment anatomical structures, including the ciliary body, using a new swept-source anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) device. METHODS This prospective observational study included 63 healthy volunteers (mean age: 44.2 years). Images of the anterior segment were obtained using a new swept-source AS-OCT (ANTERION, Heidelberg Engineering GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany) with tracking and image averaging from the right eye of all participants. Repeatability as well as inter- and intra-observer reliability of biometric measurements were evaluated. The impact of image tracking and averaging on ciliary muscle measurements was tested. Univariate and multivariable statistical models were developed to evaluate the relationship of age and refractive status on anterior segment biometric measurements. RESULTS For all test-retest repeatability and inter- and intra-observer reproducibility of swept-source AS-OCT measurements, high intraclass correlation (ICC) was noted (0.88-1.00). The nasal maximum ciliary muscle thickness (CMTMAX) and distance between scleral spur to the thickest point of the ciliary muscle (SSMAX) were larger than those on the temporal side (p<0.001 and p = 0.006, respectively). Nasal and temporal CMTMAX (p = 0.004 and p<0.001, respectively) and lens thickness (p<0.01) increased with age. Nasal and temporal SSMAX decreased with older age and increasing hyperopia (p = 0.01 and p<0.001, respectively). Image averaging resulted in improved ciliary muscle measurements (p = 0.008 to 0.02). Lens vault increased with older age and increased hyperopia (p<0.01). OCT measurements of the angle decreased with older age and increased hyperopia (p<0.001 to 0.03). Aqueous depth decreased with older age and increased hyperopia (p<0.01). Pupil diameter decreased with older age (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS Repeatability and reproducibility of biometric measurements using the ANTERION AS-OCT were excellent. Image averaging improved the accuracy of ciliary muscle measurements. The device produced measurements of biometric parameters that described superficial and deep structures including the ciliary body and full lens thickness from a single image.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Xie
- Eye Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Doheny Eye Institute and Stein Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Giulia Corradetti
- Doheny Eye Institute and Stein Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Abe Song
- Roski Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Anmol Pardeshi
- Roski Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - William Sultan
- Doheny Eye Institute and Stein Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Jong Yeon Lee
- Doheny Eye Institute and Stein Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Fei Yu
- Doheny Eye Institute and Stein Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Lixia Zhang
- Eye Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- Eye Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Vikas Chopra
- Doheny Eye Institute and Stein Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Srinivas R. Sadda
- Doheny Eye Institute and Stein Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Benjamin Xu
- Roski Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Alex S. Huang
- Doheny Eye Institute and Stein Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
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12
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Kudsieh B, Fernández-Vigo JI, Shi H, De Pablo Gómez de Liaño L, Ruiz-Moreno JM, García-Feijóo J, Fernández-Vigo JÁ. Ciliary muscle dimensions measured by swept-source optical coherence tomography in eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma and healthy eyes. Int Ophthalmol 2020; 40:2247-2255. [DOI: 10.1007/s10792-020-01405-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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