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Prathumsap N, Ongnok B, Khuanjing T, Arinno A, Maneechote C, Chunchai T, Arunsak B, Kerdphoo S, Chattipakorn SC, Chattipakorn N. Muscarinic and nicotinic receptors stimulation by vagus nerve stimulation ameliorates trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity via reducing programmed cell death in rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 491:117074. [PMID: 39168189 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.117074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Despite its efficacy in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive cancer treatment, trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity (TIC) has become a growing concern. Due to the lack of cardiomyocyte regeneration and proliferation in adult heart, cell death significantly contributes to cardiovascular diseases. Cardiac autonomic modulation by vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has shown cardioprotective effects in several heart disease models, while the effects of VNS and its underlying mechanisms against TIC have not been found. Forty adult male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups: (i) control without VNS (CSham) group, (ii) trastuzumab (4 mg/kg/day, i.p.) without VNS (TSham) group, (iii) trastuzumab + VNS (TVNS) group, (iv) trastuzumab + VNS + mAChR blocker (atropine; 1 mg/kg/day, ip, TVNS + Atro) group, and (v) trastuzumab + VNS + nAChR blocker (mecamylamine; 7.5 mg/kg/day, ip, TVNS + Mec) group. Our results showed that trastuzumab induced cardiac dysfunction by increasing autonomic dysfunction, mitochondrial dysfunction/dynamics imbalance, and cardiomyocyte death including apoptosis, autophagic deficiency, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis, which were notably alleviated by VNS. However, mAChR and nAChR blockers significantly inhibited the beneficial effects of VNS on cardiac autonomic dysfunction, mitochondrial dysfunction, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis. Only nAChR could counteract the protective effects of VNS on cardiac mitochondrial dynamics imbalance and autophagy insufficiency. Therefore, VNS prevented TIC by rebalancing autonomic activity, ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiomyocyte death through mAChR and nAChR activation. The current study provides a novel perspective elucidating the potential treatment of VNS, thus also offering other pharmacological therapeutic promises in TIC patients.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Vagus Nerve Stimulation/methods
- Male
- Rats, Wistar
- Cardiotoxicity
- Rats
- Trastuzumab/toxicity
- Trastuzumab/pharmacology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/pathology
- Receptors, Muscarinic/metabolism
- Receptors, Muscarinic/drug effects
- Receptors, Nicotinic/metabolism
- Receptors, Nicotinic/drug effects
- Nicotinic Antagonists/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/toxicity
- Vagus Nerve/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanthip Prathumsap
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Benjamin Ongnok
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Thawatchai Khuanjing
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Apiwan Arinno
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Chayodom Maneechote
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Titikorn Chunchai
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Busarin Arunsak
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Sasiwan Kerdphoo
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
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2
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Badimon L, Kiss A, Podesser BK. Spleen in action for cardioprotection. Eur Heart J 2024; 45:3178-3180. [PMID: 39016156 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehae420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Badimon
- Research Institute-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IR-Sant Pau, CiberCV, Av. S. Antoni M. Claret, 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Attila Kiss
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research and Translational Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bruno K Podesser
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research and Translational Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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3
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Lieder HR, Paket U, Skyschally A, Rink AD, Baars T, Neuhäuser M, Kleinbongard P, Heusch G. Vago-splenic signal transduction of cardioprotection in humans. Eur Heart J 2024; 45:3164-3177. [PMID: 38842545 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehae250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The spleen serves as an important relay organ that releases cardioprotective factor(s) upon vagal activation during remote ischaemic conditioning (RIC) in rats and pigs. The translation of these findings to humans was attempted. METHODS Remote ischaemic conditioning or electrical auricular tragus stimulation (ATS) were performed in 10 healthy young volunteers, 10 volunteers with splenectomy, and 20 matched controls. Venous blood samples were taken before and after RIC/ATS or placebo, and a plasma dialysate was infused into isolated perfused rat hearts subjected to global ischaemia/reperfusion. RESULTS Neither left nor right RIC or ATS altered heart rate and heart rate variability in the study cohorts. With the plasma dialysate prepared before RIC or ATS, respectively, infarct size (% ventricular mass) in the recipient rat heart was 36 ± 6% (left RIC), 34 ± 3% (right RIC) or 31 ± 5% (left ATS), 35 ± 5% (right ATS), and decreased with the plasma dialysate from healthy volunteers after RIC or ATS to 20 ± 4% (left RIC), 23 ± 6% (right RIC) or to 19 ± 4% (left ATS), 26 ± 9% (right ATS); infarct size was still reduced with plasma dialysate 4 days after ATS and 9 days after RIC. In a subgroup of six healthy volunteers, such infarct size reduction was abrogated by intravenous atropine. Infarct size reduction by RIC or ATS was also abrogated in 10 volunteers with splenectomy, but not in their 20 matched controls. CONCLUSIONS In humans, vagal innervation and the spleen as a relay organ are decisive for the cardioprotective signal transduction of RIC and ATS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helmut Raphael Lieder
- Institute for Pathophysiology, West German Heart and Vascular Centre, University of Essen Medical School, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Umut Paket
- Institute for Pathophysiology, West German Heart and Vascular Centre, University of Essen Medical School, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Andreas Skyschally
- Institute for Pathophysiology, West German Heart and Vascular Centre, University of Essen Medical School, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Andreas D Rink
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University of Essen Medical School, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Theodor Baars
- Private Practice of General and Internal Medicine, Kölner Straße 68, Essen, Germany
| | - Markus Neuhäuser
- Department of Mathematics and Technology, Koblenz University of Applied Sciences, Rhein-Ahr-Campus, Remagen, Germany
| | - Petra Kleinbongard
- Institute for Pathophysiology, West German Heart and Vascular Centre, University of Essen Medical School, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Gerd Heusch
- Institute for Pathophysiology, West German Heart and Vascular Centre, University of Essen Medical School, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
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Wang C, Zhou L, Liu C, Qiao J, Han X, Wang L, Liu Y, Xu B, Qiu Q, Zhang Z, Wang J, Zhou X, Zeng M, Yu L, Fu L. Pt nanoshells with a high NIR-II photothermal conversion efficiency mediates multimodal neuromodulation against ventricular arrhythmias. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6362. [PMID: 39069566 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50557-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Autonomic nervous system disorders play a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases. Regulating it is essential for preventing and treating acute ventricular arrhythmias (VAs). Photothermal neuromodulation is a nonimplanted technique, but the response temperature ranges of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) and TWIK-related K+ Channel 1 (TREK1) exhibit differences while being closely aligned, and the acute nature of VAs require that it must be rapid and precise. However, the low photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE) still poses limitations in achieving rapid and precise treatment. Here, we achieve a nearly perfect blackbody absorption and a high PCE in the second near infrared (NIR-II) window (73.7% at 1064 nm) via a Pt nanoparticle shell (PtNP-shell). By precisely manipulating the photothermal effect, we successfully achieve rapid and precise multimodal neuromodulation encompassing neural activation (41.0-42.9 °C) and inhibition (45.0-46.9 °C) in a male canine model. The NIR-II photothermal modulation additionally achieves multimodal reversible autonomic modulation and confers protection against acute VAs associated with myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury in interventional therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenlu Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Liping Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous System Modulation, Wuhan, China
- Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengzhe Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous System Modulation, Wuhan, China
- Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaming Qiao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous System Modulation, Wuhan, China
- Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinrui Han
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous System Modulation, Wuhan, China
- Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Luyang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaxi Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bi Xu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qinfang Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous System Modulation, Wuhan, China
- Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zizhuo Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous System Modulation, Wuhan, China
- Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiale Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous System Modulation, Wuhan, China
- Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoya Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous System Modulation, Wuhan, China.
- Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China.
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Mengqi Zeng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lilei Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous System Modulation, Wuhan, China.
- Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China.
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Lei Fu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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5
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Zhang Q, Zhang L, Lin G, Luo F. The protective role of vagus nerve stimulation in ischemia-reperfusion injury. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30952. [PMID: 38770302 PMCID: PMC11103530 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) encompasses the damage resulting from the restoration of blood supply following tissue ischemia. This phenomenon commonly occurs in clinical scenarios such as hemorrhagic shock, severe trauma, organ transplantation, and thrombolytic therapy. Despite its prevalence, existing treatments exhibit limited efficacy against IRI. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a widely utilized technique for modulating the autonomic nervous system. Numerous studies have demonstrated that VNS significantly reduces IRI in various organs, including the heart, brain, and liver. This article reviews the pathological processes during IRI and summarizes the role and possible mechanisms of VNS in IRI of different organs. Furthermore, this review addresses the current challenges of VNS clinical applications, providing a novel perspective on IRI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Guoqiang Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Fanyan Luo
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
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6
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Bazoukis G, Stavrakis S, Armoundas AA. Vagus Nerve Stimulation and Inflammation in Cardiovascular Disease: A State-of-the-Art Review. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e030539. [PMID: 37721168 PMCID: PMC10727239 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.030539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has been found to exert anti-inflammatory effects in different clinical settings and has been associated with improvement of clinical outcomes. However, evidence on the mechanistic link between the potential association of inflammatory status with clinical outcomes following VNS is scarce. This review aims to summarize the existing knowledge linking VNS with inflammation and its potential link with major outcomes in cardiovascular diseases, in both preclinical and clinical studies. Existing data show that in the setting of myocardial ischemia and reperfusion, VNS seems to reduce inflammation resulting in reduced infarct size and reduced incidence of ventricular arrhythmias during reperfusion. Furthermore, VNS has a protective role in vascular function following myocardial ischemia and reperfusion. Atrial fibrillation burden has also been reduced by VNS, whereas suppression of inflammation may be a potential mechanism for this effect. In the setting of heart failure, VNS was found to improve systolic function and reverse cardiac remodeling. In summary, existing experimental data show a reduction in inflammatory markers by VNS, which may cause improved clinical outcomes in cardiovascular diseases. However, more data are needed to evaluate the association between the inflammatory status with the clinical outcomes following VNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Bazoukis
- Department of CardiologyLarnaca General HospitalLarnacaCyprus
- Department of Basic and Clinical SciencesUniversity of Nicosia Medical SchoolNicosiaCyprus
| | - Stavros Stavrakis
- Heart Rhythm InstituteUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA
| | - Antonis A. Armoundas
- Cardiovascular Research CenterMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMAUSA
- Broad Institute, Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMAUSA
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7
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Kaplan A, Lakkis B, El-Samadi L, Karaayvaz EB, Booz GW, Zouein FA. Cooling Down Inflammation in the Cardiovascular System via the Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2023; 82:241-265. [PMID: 37539950 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Inflammation is a major player in many cardiovascular diseases including hypertension, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. In many individuals, these conditions coexist and mutually exacerbate each other's progression. The pathophysiology of these diseases entails the active involvement of both innate and adaptive immune cells. Immune cells that possess the α7 subunit of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor on their surface have the potential to be targeted through both pharmacological and electrical stimulation of the cholinergic system. The cholinergic system regulates the inflammatory response to various stressors in different organ systems by systematically suppressing spleen-derived monocytes and chemokines and locally improving immune cell function. Research on the cardiovascular system has demonstrated the potential for atheroma plaque stabilization and regression as favorable outcomes. Smaller infarct size and reduced fibrosis have been associated with improved cardiac function and a decrease in adverse cardiac remodeling. Furthermore, enhanced electrical stability of the myocardium can lead to a reduction in the incidence of ventricular tachyarrhythmia. In addition, improving mitochondrial dysfunction and decreasing oxidative stress can result in less myocardial tissue damage caused by reperfusion injury. Restoring baroreflex activity and reduction in renal damage can promote blood pressure regulation and help counteract hypertension. Thus, the present review highlights the potential of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activation as a natural approach to alleviate the adverse consequences of inflammation in the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Kaplan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Riad El-Solh, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Cardiology, Kemer Public Hospital, Kemer, Antalya, Turkey
- The Cardiovascular, Renal, and Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Excellence, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Riad El-Solh, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Bachir Lakkis
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Riad El-Solh, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Lana El-Samadi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Riad El-Solh, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ekrem Bilal Karaayvaz
- Department of Cardiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - George W Booz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS; and
| | - Fouad A Zouein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Riad El-Solh, Beirut, Lebanon
- The Cardiovascular, Renal, and Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Excellence, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Riad El-Solh, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS; and
- Department of Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, UMR-S 1180, Inserm, Université Paris-Saclay, France
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8
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TRPA1 as Target in Myocardial Infarction. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032516. [PMID: 36768836 PMCID: PMC9917254 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1 (TRPA1), an ion channel primarily expressed on sensory neurons, can be activated by substances occurring during myocardial infarction. Aims were to investigate whether activation, inhibition, or absence of TRPA1 affects infarcts and to explore underlying mechanisms. In the context of myocardial infarction, rats received a TRPA1 agonist, an antagonist, or vehicle at different time points, and infarct size was assessed. Wild type and TRPA1 knockout mice were also compared in this regard. In vitro, sensory neurons were co-cultured with cardiomyocytes and subjected to a model of ischemia-reperfusion. Although there was a difference between TRPA1 activation or inhibition in vivo, no experimental group was different to control animals in infarct size, which also applies to animals lacking TRPA1. In vitro, survival probability of cardiomyocytes challenged by ischemia-reperfusion increased from 32.8% in absence to 45.1% in presence of sensory neurons, which depends, at least partly, on TRPA1. This study raises doubts about whether TRPA1 is a promising target to reduce myocardial damage within a 24 h period. The results are incompatible with relevant enlargements of infarcts by TRPA1 activation or inhibition, which argues against adverse effects when TRPA1 is targeted for other indications.
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9
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Yu D, Gong X, Zhang Y, Li Q, Zhang M. Tropisetron Preconditioning Decreases Myocardial Biomarkers in Patients Undergoing Heart Valve Replacement Surgery. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:690272. [PMID: 35425785 PMCID: PMC9002259 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.690272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cardioplegic arrest during the heart valve replacement surgery frequently leads to myocardial damage. Tropisetron (TRP) has been demonstrated to reduce myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and inflammation in animals. We examined the efficacy of TRP in lowering myocardial biomarkers in patients undergoing heart valve replacement surgery. Methods A total of seventy-five patients, scheduled for elective heart valve replacement surgery, were randomly chosen to receive either 10 ml of normal saline or 10 mg/10 ml of TRP immediately after anesthesia induction. Blood samples for the measurement of cardiac troponin I (cTnI), creatine kinase (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were taken before anesthesia, as well as 4, 12, and 24 h after aortic cross-clamp release to evaluate myocardial injury using two-way ANOVA for repeated measurements. The study was registered at www.chictr.org.cn (number, ChiCTR-1800018681). Results Treatment with TRP decreased the increment of cTnI (Fgroup = 4.911, p = 0.030; Ftime = 55.356, p = 0.001; Fgroup × time = 5.340, p = 0.002) at 12 and 24 h; of CK-MB (Fgroup = 6.552, p = 0.013; Ftime = 49.276, p = 0.001; Fgroup × time = 7.627, p = 0.003) at 4, 12, and 24 h; of TNF-α (Fgroup = 4.153, p = 0.046; Ftime = 28.244, p = 0.002; Fgroup × time = 4.692, p = 0.006) at 4 and 12 h; and of LDH (Fgroup = 4.275, p = 0.043; Ftime = 63.225, p = 0.001; Fgroup × time = 2.501, p = 0.083) at 24 h after the release of the aortic cross-clamp. It increased IL-10 (Fgroup = 5.958, p = 0.018; Ftime = 31.226, p = 0.002; Fgroup × time = 1.464, p = 0.236) at 12 h after the release of the aortic cross-clamp. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time was a risk factor, and that TRP treatment was a protective factor for postoperative cTNI change (β = 4.449, 95% CI [0.97–7.92], p = 0.013 for CPB time; and β = −381, 95% CI [−613.4 to −148.5], p = 0.002 for TRP treatment). Conclusions Tropisetron had cardioprotective and anti-inflammatory effects in patients undergoing heart valve replacement surgery with cardioplegic arrest. The addition of TRP and reduction of CPB time should be considered for myocardial protection in heart valve replacement surgery. Clinical Trial Registration [www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx], identifier [ChiCTR1800018681].
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Hubei No. 3 People's Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xingrui Gong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Yufei Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Mazhang Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Children' Medical Central, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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10
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Pattanaik B, Hammarlund M, Mjörnstedt F, Ulleryd MA, Zhong W, Uhlén M, Gummesson A, Bergström G, Johansson ME. Polymorphisms in alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor gene, CHRNA7, and its partially duplicated gene, CHRFAM7A, associate with increased inflammatory response in human peripheral mononuclear cells. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22271. [PMID: 35344211 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101898r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The vagus nerve can, via the alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR), regulate inflammation. The gene coding for the α7nAChR, CHRNA7, can be partially duplicated, that is, CHRFAM7A, which is reported to impair the anti-inflammatory effect mediated via the α7nAChR. Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been described in both CHRNA7 and CHRFAM7A, however, the functional role of these SNPs for immune responses remains to be investigated. In the current study, we set out to investigate whether genetic variants of CHRNA7 and CHRFAM7A can influence immune responses. By investigating data available from the Swedish SciLifeLab SCAPIS Wellness Profiling (S3WP) study, in combination with droplet digital PCR and freshly isolated PBMCs from the S3WP participants, challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), we show that CHRNA7 and CHRFAM7A are expressed in human PBMCs, with approximately four times higher expression of CHRFAM7A compared with CHRNA7. One SNP in CHRFAM7A, rs34007223, is positively associated with hsCRP in healthy individuals. Furthermore, gene ontology (GO)-terms analysis of plasma proteins associated with gene expression of CHRNA7 and CHRFAM7A demonstrated an involvement for these genes in immune responses. This was further supported by in vitro data showing that several SNPs in both CHRNA7 and CHRFAM7A are significantly associated with cytokine response. In conclusion, genetic variants of CHRNA7 and CHRFAM7A alters cytokine responses. Furthermore, given that CHRFAM7A SNP rs34007223 is associated with inflammatory marker hsCRP in healthy individuals suggests that CHRFAM7A may have a more pronounced role in regulating inflammatory processes in humans than previously been recognized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bagmi Pattanaik
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maria Hammarlund
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Filip Mjörnstedt
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marcus A Ulleryd
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Wen Zhong
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Protein Science, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mathias Uhlén
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Protein Science, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Gummesson
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Göran Bergström
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maria E Johansson
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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11
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Haberbusch M, Frullini S, Moscato F. A Numerical Model of the Acute Cardiac Effects Provoked by Cervical Vagus Nerve Stimulation. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2022; 69:613-623. [PMID: 34357860 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2021.3102416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Today, the diverse acute cardiac effects of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) are still not fully understood. Therefore, we propose a numerical model that can predict the acute cardiac responses to VNS and explain the underlying mechanisms on different levels. METHODS We integrated a model of vagal nerve fiber recruitment and acetylcholine (ACh) kinetics at vagal nerve terminals into a cardiovascular system model. A sensitivity analysis was performed to identify the most important parameters of vagal cardiac pathways. These parameters were tuned, and the model was validated based on published data of experiments in anesthetized sheep. RESULTS The four most important parameters are related to vagus nerve anatomy (electrode-fiber distances, fiber diameters) and ACh kinetics in the vagal neuroeffector junction (rate of ACh release and -hydrolysis) which together explain >53% of the observed variability in acute cardiac responses to VNS. The mean electrode-fiber distance and nerve fiber diameters obtained from tuning are 1.3 ± 0.09 mm, and 4.9 ± 0.25 μm; the ACh release and -hydrolysis rate constants are 0.023 s-1 and 0.77 s-1, respectively. With this parameterization, the model could accurately predict published data on the acute cardiac effects of VNS. CONCLUSIONS The model can explain the cardiac responses to VNS on multiple levels. The results highlight the importance of four parameters tied to ACh dynamics and vagus nerve anatomy for predicting the cardiac effects of VNS. SIGNIFICANCE The model represents a substantial improvement in terms of comprehensibility of the underlying mechanisms of the acute cardiac responses to VNS.
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12
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Wedn AM, El-Bassossy HM, Eid AH, El-Mas MM. Modulation of preeclampsia by the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway: Therapeutic perspectives. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 192:114703. [PMID: 34324867 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP) is vital for the orchestration of the immune and inflammatory responses under normal and challenged conditions. Over the past two decades, peripheral and central circuits of CAP have been shown to be critically involved in dampening the inflammatory reaction in a wide array of inflammatory disorders. Additionally, emerging evidence supports a key role for CAP in the regulation of the female reproductive system during gestation as well as in the advent of serious pregnancy-related inflammatory insults such as preeclampsia (PE). Within this framework, the modulatory action of CAP encompasses the perinatal maternal and fetal adverse consequences that surface due to antenatal PE programming. Albeit, a considerable gap still exists in our knowledge of the precise cellular and molecular underpinnings of PE/CAP interaction, which hampered global efforts in safeguarding effective preventive or therapeutic measures against PE complications. Here, we summarize reports in the literature regarding the roles of peripheral and reflex cholinergic neuroinflammatory pathways of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in reprogramming PE complications in mothers and their progenies. The possible contributions of α7-nAChRs, cholinesterases, immune cells, adhesion molecules, angiogenesis, and endothelial dysfunction to the interaction have also been reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdalla M Wedn
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hany M El-Bassossy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ali H Eid
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mahmoud M El-Mas
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait.
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13
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Cavalcante GL, Brognara F, Oliveira LVDC, Lataro RM, Durand MDT, Oliveira AP, Nóbrega ACL, Salgado HC, Sabino JPJ. Benefits of pharmacological and electrical cholinergic stimulation in hypertension and heart failure. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2021; 232:e13663. [PMID: 33884761 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Systemic arterial hypertension and heart failure are cardiovascular diseases that affect millions of individuals worldwide. They are characterized by a change in the autonomic nervous system balance, highlighted by an increase in sympathetic activity associated with a decrease in parasympathetic activity. Most therapeutic approaches seek to treat these diseases by medications that attenuate sympathetic activity. However, there is a growing number of studies demonstrating that the improvement of parasympathetic function, by means of pharmacological or electrical stimulation, can be an effective tool for the treatment of these cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, this review aims to describe the advances reported by experimental and clinical studies that addressed the potential of cholinergic stimulation to prevent autonomic and cardiovascular imbalance in hypertension and heart failure. Overall, the published data reviewed demonstrate that the use of central or peripheral acetylcholinesterase inhibitors is efficient to improve the autonomic imbalance and hemodynamic changes observed in heart failure and hypertension. Of note, the baroreflex and the vagus nerve activation have been shown to be safe and effective approaches to be used as an alternative treatment for these cardiovascular diseases. In conclusion, pharmacological and electrical stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system has the potential to be used as a therapeutic tool for the treatment of hypertension and heart failure, deserving to be more explored in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisele L. Cavalcante
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences Department of Biophysics and Physiology Federal University of Piaui Teresina PI Brazil
- Department of Pharmacology Ribeirão Preto Medical School University of São Paulo Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - Fernanda Brognara
- Department of Physiology Ribeirão Preto Medical School University of São Paulo Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - Lucas Vaz de C. Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences Department of Biophysics and Physiology Federal University of Piaui Teresina PI Brazil
| | - Renata M. Lataro
- Department of Physiological Sciences Center of Biological Sciences Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis SP Brazil
| | | | - Aldeidia P. Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology Department of Biophysics and Physiology Federal University of Piaui Teresina PI Brazil
| | | | - Helio C. Salgado
- Department of Physiology Ribeirão Preto Medical School University of São Paulo Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - João Paulo J. Sabino
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences Department of Biophysics and Physiology Federal University of Piaui Teresina PI Brazil
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14
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Ding JJ, Liu P, Rebernig H, Suller-Marti A, Parrent AG, Burneo JG, Hammond RR, Ang LC, Zhang Q. Vagus nerve stimulation does not alter brainstem nuclei morphology in patients with refractory epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2021; 118:107940. [PMID: 33838622 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.107940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe morphological characteristics of the brainstem nuclei in response to chronic vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) in patients with refractory epilepsy. BACKGROUND VNS is a treatment option for individuals with medically refractory epilepsy. While treatment with VNS may achieve up to 50% seizure reduction and is protective against sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP), its mechanism of action is not fully understood. Long-term structural and cellular changes in response to VNS have rarely been addressed in humans. METHODS Four autopsy cases with history of chronic epilepsy treated with VNS (VNS+) and 4 age- and sex-matched chronic epilepsy-related death cases without VNS (VNS-) were included. Detailed clinical and postmortem data were obtained. Serial horizontal sections of the brainstem were prepared and stained with hematoxylin, eosin, and luxol fast blue (HE/LFB). Three regions of interest (ROIs) were delineated, including nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS), locus coeruleus (LC), and the rostral pontine group of raphe nuclei (rRN). Immunohistochemistry studies were performed using antibodies to GFAP, NeuN, HLA-DR, and IBA-1. Immunolabeling index was analyzed. RESULTS Three of the 4 VNS+ patients and all 4 control (VNS-) patients died of SUDEP. There was no laterality difference in the NeuN, GFAP, HLA-DR and IBA-1 expression in LC and NTS of VNS+ patients. Similarly, there was no difference in the rRN, LC, and NTS between the VNS+ and VNS- groups. CONCLUSION This study represents the first histopathological study of the long-term effects of VNS therapy in the human brain. There was no difference observed in the neuronal cell number, degree of astrocytosis, and neuroinflammation in the main brainstem vagal afferent nuclei after prolonged VNS treatment in patients with refractory epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane J Ding
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Liu
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hillary Rebernig
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ana Suller-Marti
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, London Health Sciences Centre, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew G Parrent
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, London Health Sciences Centre, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jorge G Burneo
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, London Health Sciences Centre, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Neuroepidemiology Unit, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, Canada
| | - Robert R Hammond
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, London Health Sciences Centre, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lee-Cyn Ang
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, London Health Sciences Centre, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, London Health Sciences Centre, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
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15
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Bai S, Wen W, Hou X, Wu J, Yi L, Zhi Y, Lv Y, Tan X, Liu L, Wang P, Zhou H, Dong Y. Inhibitory effect of sinomenine on lung cancer cells via negative regulation of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. J Leukoc Biol 2021; 109:843-852. [PMID: 32726882 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.6ma0720-344rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide, with a high morbidity and less than 20% survival rate. Therefore, new treatment strategies and drugs are needed to reduce the mortality of patients with lung cancer. α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAChR), as a receptor of nicotine and its metabolites, is a potential target for lung cancer treatment. Our previous studies revealed that sinomenine plays anti-inflammation roles via α7 nAChR and down-regulates the expression of this receptor, thus increasing the inflammatory response. Hence, sinomenine is possibly a natural ligand of this receptor. In the present study, the effects of sinomenine on lung cancer A549 cells and tumor-bearing mice were determined to investigate whether this alkaloid has an inhibitory effect on lung cancer via α7 nAChR. CCK-8 assay, wound-healing test, and flow cytometry were performed for cell proliferation, cell migration, and apoptosis analysis in vitro, respectively. Xenograft mice were used to evaluate the effects of sinomenine in vivo. Results showed that sinomenine decreased cell proliferation and migration abilities but increased the percentage of apoptotic cells. Tumor volume in tumor-bearing mice was significantly reduced after sinomenine treatment compared with that in the vehicle group mice (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the effects of sinomenine were abolished by the α7 nAChR antagonist mecamylamine and the allosteric modulator PNU-120596, but no change occurred when the mice were pretreated with the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist atropine. Meanwhile, sinomenine suppressed α7 nAChR expression in vitro and in vivo, as well as the related signaling molecules pERK1/2 and ERK1/2 and the transcription factors TTF-1 and SP-1. By contrast, sinomenine up-regulated the expression of another transcription factor, Egr-1. These effects were restricted by mecamylamine and PNU but not by atropine. Results suggested that sinomenine can inhibit lung cancer via α7 nAChR in a negative feedback mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Bai
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Wenhao Wen
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xuenan Hou
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jiexiu Wu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Lang Yi
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yingkun Zhi
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yanjun Lv
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqin Tan
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, P. R. China
| | - Peixun Wang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Hua Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, P. R. China
| | - Yan Dong
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P. R. China
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16
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Yang Y, Li Y, Wang J, Hong L, Qiao S, Wang C, An J. Cholinergic receptors play a role in the cardioprotective effects of anesthetic preconditioning: Roles of nitric oxide and the CaMKKβ/AMPK pathway. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:137. [PMID: 33456504 PMCID: PMC7791965 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Vagus nerve activation may have important therapeutic significance for myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Nitric oxide (NO) plays a vital role in the cardioprotective effects of anesthetic preconditioning (APC). Moreover, acetylcholine (ACh) prevents cardiomyocyte damage by activating AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and increasing the phosphorylation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase β (CaMKKβ). The aim of the present study was to determine whether APC could protect heart function by antagonizing IR damage via the cholinergic system. It was hypothesized that the NO synthase (NOS)/CaMKKβ/AMPK pathway might be involved in the cardioprotective effects induced by cholinergic receptor activation. Isolated rat hearts were subjected to ischemia for 30 min followed by 120 min of reperfusion. Volatile anesthetic sevoflurane (3.5%) was administered for 15 min before ischemia, then rinsed for 15 min. The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) antagonist atropine (ATR; 100 nM) and the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) antagonist hexamethonium (HEM; 50 µM) were administered 10 min before APC. Both mAChR and nAChR were involved in APC-induced cardioprotection. ATR and HEM treatment both abolished the protective effects of APC on IR damage in isolated hearts, demonstrating the importance of cholinergic receptors in the protection mechanism of APC. The present study thus suggests that APC plays a cardioprotective role, in part, by regulating neurohumoral pathways. In addition, there may be functional coupling between the two cholinergic receptors, and the NOS and CaMKKβ/AMPK pathways may play roles in shared pathways that mediate the cardioprotective effects of APC. These findings may provide insight into potential new mechanisms of APC-induced cardioprotection against IR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wujiang Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215200, P.R. China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215153, P.R. China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wujiang Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215200, P.R. China
| | - Lei Hong
- Institute of Clinical Medicine Research, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215153, P.R. China
| | - Shigang Qiao
- Institute of Clinical Medicine Research, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215153, P.R. China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215153, P.R. China
| | - Chen Wang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine Research, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215153, P.R. China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215153, P.R. China
| | - Jianzhong An
- Institute of Clinical Medicine Research, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215153, P.R. China
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17
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Zheng CM, Lee YH, Chiu IJ, Chiu YJ, Sung LC, Hsu YH, Chiu HW. Nicotine Causes Nephrotoxicity through the Induction of NLRP6 Inflammasome and Alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor. TOXICS 2020; 8:toxics8040092. [PMID: 33114531 PMCID: PMC7711477 DOI: 10.3390/toxics8040092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Current cigarette smoking is associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) or death from end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Mainstream cigarette smoke includes over 4000 compounds. Among the compounds present in tobacco smoke, nicotine is one of a large number of biologically stable and active compounds present in tobacco. However, the mechanisms by which nicotine exacerbates kidney disease progression have not been identified. It is known that the inflammasomes constitute an important innate immune pathway and contribute to the pathophysiology of diverse kidney diseases. The relationship between inflammasomes and nicotine-induced kidney damage still remains unclear. In the present study, we studied the mechanisms of nicotine-induced nephrotoxicity. We found that nicotine decreased cell viability and induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in human kidney cells. Furthermore, nicotine significantly increased the expression of the alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR). Nicotine activated the NLRP6 inflammasome and induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Nicotine caused mild apoptosis and necrosis but triggered significant autophagy in human kidney cells. In addition, nicotine induced the NLRP6 inflammasome and autophagy via α7nAChR. In an animal model, the histological analysis in kidney showed evident changes and injury. The results indicated that α7nAChR, IRE1α, LC3 and NLRP6 expression in kidney sections was markedly increased in the nicotine groups. These findings suggest that nicotine causes kidney damage by modulating α7nAChR, NLRP6 inflammasome, ER stress and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Mei Zheng
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan; (I.-J.C.); (Y.-J.C.)
- TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Lee
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung 40604, Taiwan;
| | - I-Jen Chiu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan; (I.-J.C.); (Y.-J.C.)
- TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jhe Chiu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan; (I.-J.C.); (Y.-J.C.)
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chin Sung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
- Taipei Heart Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Ho Hsu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan; (I.-J.C.); (Y.-J.C.)
- TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-H.H.); (H.-W.C.); Tel.: +886-2-22490088 (ext. 8156) (Y.-H.H.); +886-2-22490088 (ext. 8884) (H.-W.C.)
| | - Hui-Wen Chiu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan; (I.-J.C.); (Y.-J.C.)
- TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-H.H.); (H.-W.C.); Tel.: +886-2-22490088 (ext. 8156) (Y.-H.H.); +886-2-22490088 (ext. 8884) (H.-W.C.)
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Chung CH, Bretherton B, Zainalabidin S, Deuchars SA, Deuchars J, Mahadi MK. Mediation of Cardiac Macrophage Activity via Auricular Vagal Nerve Stimulation Ameliorates Cardiac Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:906. [PMID: 33013299 PMCID: PMC7506070 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myocardial infarction (MI) reperfusion therapy causes paradoxical cardiac complications. Following restoration of blood flow to infarcted regions, a multitude of inflammatory cells are recruited to the site of injury for tissue repair. Continual progression of cardiac inflammatory responses does, however, lead to adverse cardiac remodeling, inevitably causing heart failure. Main Body Increasing evidence of the cardioprotective effects of both invasive and non-invasive vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) suggests that these may be feasible methods to treat myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury via anti-inflammatory regulation. The mechanisms through which auricular VNS controls inflammation are yet to be explored. In this review, we discuss the potential of autonomic nervous system modulation, particularly via the parasympathetic branch, in ameliorating MI. Novel insights are provided about the activation of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway on cardiac macrophages. Acetylcholine binding to the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) expressed on macrophages polarizes the pro-inflammatory into anti-inflammatory subtypes. Activation of the α7nAChR stimulates the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway. This inhibits the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, limiting ischemic injury in the myocardium and initiating efficient reparative mechanisms. We highlight recent developments in the controversial auricular vagal neuro-circuitry and how they may relate to activation of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. Conclusion Emerging published data suggest that auricular VNS is an inexpensive healthcare modality, mediating the dynamic balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory responses in cardiac macrophages and ameliorating cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chee Hooi Chung
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Beatrice Bretherton
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Satirah Zainalabidin
- Programme of Biomedical Science, Center for Toxicology and Health Risk Study (CORE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Susan A Deuchars
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Jim Deuchars
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Mohd Kaisan Mahadi
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Hajiasgharzadeh K, Somi MH, Sadigh-Eteghad S, Mokhtarzadeh A, Shanehbandi D, Mansoori B, Mohammadi A, Doustvandi MA, Baradaran B. The dual role of alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in inflammation-associated gastrointestinal cancers. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03611. [PMID: 32215331 PMCID: PMC7090353 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) is one of the main subtypes of nAChRs that modulates various cancer-related properties including proliferative, anti-apoptotic, pro-angiogenic and pro-metastatic activities in most of the cancers. It also plays a crucial role in inflammation control through the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway in numerous pathophysiological contexts. Such diverse physiological and pathological functions that initiate from this receptor may have significant impacts in determining the outcome of different cancers. Various tissues of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers such as gastric, colorectal, pancreatic and liver cancers have shown the up-regulated expression of α7nAChR as compared to normal adjacent tissues. According to the well-established connection between inflammation and tumorigenesis in the digestive system, there are mounting studies demonstrated either stimulatory or inhibitory effects of α7nAChR signaling in the development of GI cancers. To date, the precise underlying mechanisms related to this receptor in patients with GI cancers have not been fully elucidated. Regarding the paradoxical modulatory effects of this receptor in carcinogenesis, in this review, we aim to summarize the accumulated evidence about the involvement of α7nAChR in inflammation-associated GI cancers. It seems that the complex influences of α7nAChR may be a promising target in designing novel strategies in the treatment of such pathologic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Hossein Somi
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Sadigh-Eteghad
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Dariush Shanehbandi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Mansoori
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammadi
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To give an overview on recent developments in permanent implant-based therapy of resistant hypertension. RECENT FINDINGS The American Heart Association (AHA) recently updated their guidelines to treat high blood pressure (BP). As elevated BP now is defined as a systolic BP above 120 mmHg, the prevalence of hypertension in the USA has increased from 32% (old definition of hypertension) to 46%. In the past years, device- and implant-mediated therapies have evolved and extensively studied in various patient populations. Despite an initial drawback in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of bilateral carotid sinus stimulation (CSS), new and less invasive and unilateral systems for baroreflex activation therapy (BAT) with the BAROSTIM NEO® have been developed which show promising results in small non-randomized controlled (RCT) studies. Selective vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) has been successfully evaluated in rodents, but has not yet been tested in humans. A new endovascular approach to reshape the carotid sinus to lower BP (MobiusHD™) has been introduced (baroreflex amplification therapy) with favorable results in non-RCT trials. However, long-term results are not yet available for this treatment option. A specific subgroup of patients, those with indication for a 2-chamber cardiac pacemaker, may benefit from a new stimulation paradigm which reduces the AV latency and therefore limits the filling time of the left ventricle. The most invasive approach for resistant hypertension still is the neuromodulation by deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been shown to significantly lower BP in single cases. Implant-mediated therapy remains a promising approach for the treatment of resistant hypertension. Due to their invasiveness, such treatment options must prove superiority over conventional therapies with regard to safety and efficacy before they can be generally offered to a wider patient population. Overall, BAROSTIM NEO® and MobiusHD™, for which large RCTs will soon be available, are likely to meet those criteria and may represent the first implant-mediated therapeutical options for hypertension, while the use of DBS probably will be reserved for individual cases. The utility of VNS awaits appropriate assessment.
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Caravaca AS, Centa M, Gallina AL, Tarnawski L, Olofsson PS. Neural reflex control of vascular inflammation. Bioelectron Med 2020; 6:3. [PMID: 32232111 PMCID: PMC7065709 DOI: 10.1186/s42234-020-0038-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial chronic inflammatory disease that underlies myocardial infarction and stroke. Efficacious treatment for hyperlipidemia and hypertension has significantly reduced morbidity and mortality in cardiovascular disease. However, atherosclerosis still confers a considerable risk of adverse cardiovascular events. In the current mechanistic understanding of the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, inflammation is pivotal both in disease development and progression. Recent clinical data provided support for this notion and treatment targeting inflammation is currently being explored. Interestingly, neural reflexes regulate cytokine production and inflammation. Hence, new technology utilizing implantable devices to deliver electrical impulses to activate neural circuits are currently being investigated in treatment of inflammation. Hopefully, it may become possible to target vascular inflammation in cardiovascular disease using bioelectronic medicine. In this review, we discuss neural control of inflammation and the potential implications of new therapeutic strategies to treat cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. S. Caravaca
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Bioelectronic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M. Centa
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Bioelectronic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Biomedical Science and Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030 USA
| | - A. L. Gallina
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Bioelectronic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L. Tarnawski
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Bioelectronic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - P. S. Olofsson
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Bioelectronic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Biomedical Science and Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030 USA
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22
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Fang J, Wang J, Chen F, Xu Y, Zhang H, Wang Y. α7nAChR Deletion Aggravates Myocardial Infarction and Enhances Systemic Inflammatory Reaction via mTOR-Signaling-Related Autophagy. Inflammation 2020; 42:1190-1202. [PMID: 30806956 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-019-00979-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) has been previously reported to play an alleviative role in myocardial infarction (MI). In this study, we investigated its specific mechanism. α7nAChR-/- mice and its control (α7nAChR+/+) were used for the study of α7nAChR. Left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion was conducted for the creation of mice MI model and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used as inflammatory stressor in murine peritoneal macrophages. Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining and echocardiography was used for the detection of infarct size and cardiac function, respectively. Western blot was conducted for the testing of autophagy-related proteins and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used for the testing of proinflammatory cytokines. Rapamycin was used for the induction of autophagy through inhibiting mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-related signaling. We found that knocking out α7nAChR enhanced the cardiac infarct size and damaged cardiac function in MI. α7nAChR deficiency increased the levels of several proinflammatory cytokines in serum and spleen from MI mice as well as murine macrophages under inflammatory stress. α7nAChR deletion decreased the level of autophagy in spleen from MI mice and macrophages under inflammatory stress. Rapamycin alleviated the cardiac function and systemic inflammatory reaction in MI mice as well as inflammatory reaction in macrophages under inflammatory stress, which was attenuated by knocking out α7nAChR. Our current study investigated the mechanism of α7nAChR-mediated cardio-protective and anti-inflammatory effect related to mTOR-related autophagy, which might provide a novel insight in the treatment of MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyan Fang
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 261 HuanSha Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The 903th Hospital of PLA, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fanghui Chen
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 261 HuanSha Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuansheng Xu
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 261 HuanSha Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 261 HuanSha Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 261 HuanSha Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Vagus nerve stimulation as a promising adjunctive treatment for ischemic stroke. Neurochem Int 2019; 131:104539. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2019.104539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Kaniusas E, Kampusch S, Tittgemeyer M, Panetsos F, Gines RF, Papa M, Kiss A, Podesser B, Cassara AM, Tanghe E, Samoudi AM, Tarnaud T, Joseph W, Marozas V, Lukosevicius A, Ištuk N, Šarolić A, Lechner S, Klonowski W, Varoneckas G, Széles JC. Current Directions in the Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation I - A Physiological Perspective. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:854. [PMID: 31447643 PMCID: PMC6697069 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrical stimulation of the auricular vagus nerve (aVNS) is an emerging technology in the field of bioelectronic medicine with applications in therapy. Modulation of the afferent vagus nerve affects a large number of physiological processes and bodily states associated with information transfer between the brain and body. These include disease mitigating effects and sustainable therapeutic applications ranging from chronic pain diseases, neurodegenerative and metabolic ailments to inflammatory and cardiovascular diseases. Given the current evidence from experimental research in animal and clinical studies we discuss basic aVNS mechanisms and their potential clinical effects. Collectively, we provide a focused review on the physiological role of the vagus nerve and formulate a biology-driven rationale for aVNS. For the first time, two international workshops on aVNS have been held in Warsaw and Vienna in 2017 within the framework of EU COST Action "European network for innovative uses of EMFs in biomedical applications (BM1309)." Both workshops focused critically on the driving physiological mechanisms of aVNS, its experimental and clinical studies in animals and humans, in silico aVNS studies, technological advancements, and regulatory barriers. The results of the workshops are covered in two reviews, covering physiological and engineering aspects. The present review summarizes on physiological aspects - a discussion of engineering aspects is provided by our accompanying article (Kaniusas et al., 2019). Both reviews build a reasonable bridge from the rationale of aVNS as a therapeutic tool to current research lines, all of them being highly relevant for the promising aVNS technology to reach the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenijus Kaniusas
- Institute of Electrodynamics, Microwave and Circuit Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Kampusch
- Institute of Electrodynamics, Microwave and Circuit Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
- SzeleSTIM GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marc Tittgemeyer
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress and Aging Associated Disease (CECAD), Cologne, Germany
| | - Fivos Panetsos
- Neurocomputing and Neurorobotics Research Group, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Fernandez Gines
- Neurocomputing and Neurorobotics Research Group, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Michele Papa
- Laboratory of Neuronal Networks, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Attila Kiss
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bruno Podesser
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Emmeric Tanghe
- Department of Information Technology, Ghent University/IMEC, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Thomas Tarnaud
- Department of Information Technology, Ghent University/IMEC, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wout Joseph
- Department of Information Technology, Ghent University/IMEC, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Vaidotas Marozas
- Biomedical Engineering Institute, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Arunas Lukosevicius
- Biomedical Engineering Institute, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Niko Ištuk
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Antonio Šarolić
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | | | - Wlodzimierz Klonowski
- Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Giedrius Varoneckas
- Sleep Medicine Centre, Klaipeda University Hospital, Klaipëda, Lithuania
- Institute of Neuroscience, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga, Lithuania
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Li M, Zheng C, Kawada T, Inagaki M, Uemura K, Sugimachi M. Chronic vagal nerve stimulation exerts additional beneficial effects on the beta-blocker-treated failing heart. J Physiol Sci 2019; 69:295-303. [PMID: 30414045 PMCID: PMC10717668 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-018-0646-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) induces bradycardia in chronic heart failure (CHF). We hypothesized that beta-blocker would cover the beneficial effects of VNS on CHF if the anti-beta-adrenergic effect was the main VNS effect. This study investigated the effects of VNS on cardiac remodeling in rats with CHF treated with metoprolol. Two weeks after myocardial infarction, surviving rats were randomly assigned to groups of sham stimulation (SS), sham stimulation with metoprolol (SSM), or VNS with metoprolol (VSM). Compared to the SS group, heart rate was significantly reduced in the SSM and VSM groups. Hemodynamic assessments showed that VSM rats maintained better cardiac pump function and presented higher cardiac index and lower heart weight than SSM rats. VSM was also associated with lower plasma brain natriuretic peptide and norepinephrine levels than SSM. VSM but not SSM improved the 50-day survival rate compared with the SS group. The results suggest that VNS may exert its beneficial effects on the failing heart independently of its anti-beta-adrenergic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meihua Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Dynamics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 5-7-1 Fujishirodai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan
| | - Can Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Dynamics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 5-7-1 Fujishirodai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan.
| | - Toru Kawada
- Department of Cardiovascular Dynamics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 5-7-1 Fujishirodai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan
| | - Masashi Inagaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Dynamics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 5-7-1 Fujishirodai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan
| | - Kazunori Uemura
- Department of Cardiovascular Dynamics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 5-7-1 Fujishirodai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan
| | - Masaru Sugimachi
- Department of Cardiovascular Dynamics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 5-7-1 Fujishirodai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan
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Moretto J, Girard C, Demougeot C. The role of arginase in aging: A systematic review. Exp Gerontol 2019; 116:54-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Intachai K, C Chattipakorn S, Chattipakorn N, Shinlapawittayatorn K. Revisiting the Cardioprotective Effects of Acetylcholine Receptor Activation against Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092466. [PMID: 30134547 PMCID: PMC6164157 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the most common cause of acute myocardial injury and its most clinically significant form. The most effective treatment for AMI is to restore an adequate coronary blood flow to the ischemic myocardium as quickly as possible. However, reperfusion of an ischemic region can induce cardiomyocyte death, a phenomenon termed “myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury”. Disruption of cardiac parasympathetic (vagal) activity is a common hallmark of a variety of cardiovascular diseases including AMI. Experimental studies have shown that increased vagal activity exerts cardioprotective effects against myocardial I/R injury. In addition, acetylcholine (ACh), the principle cardiac vagal neurotransmitter, has been shown to replicate the cardioprotective effects of cardiac ischemic conditioning. Moreover, studies have shown that cardiomyocytes can synthesize and secrete ACh, which gives further evidence concerning the importance of the non-neuronal cholinergic signaling cascades. This suggests that the activation of ACh receptors is involved in cardioprotection against myocardial I/R injury. There are two types of ACh receptors (AChRs), namely muscarinic and nicotinic receptors (mAChRs and nAChRs, respectively). However, the effects of AChRs activation in cardioprotection during myocardial I/R are still not fully understood. In this review, we summarize the evidence suggesting the association between AChRs activation with both electrical and pharmacological interventions and the cardioprotection during myocardial I/R, as well as outline potential mechanisms underlying these cardioprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kannaporn Intachai
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
| | - Krekwit Shinlapawittayatorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
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Gajardo AIJ, Karachon L, Bustamante P, Repullo P, Llancaqueo M, Sánchez G, Rodrigo R. Autonomic imbalance in cardiac surgery: A potential determinant of the failure in remote ischemic preconditioning. Med Hypotheses 2018; 118:146-150. [PMID: 30037604 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) is a cardioprotective strategy against myocardial damage by ischemia-reperfusion. Many in-vivo and ex-vivo animal researches have demonstrated that RIPC decreases significantly the ischemia-reperfusion myocardial damage, by up to 58% in isolated rat heart. Cardiac artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) is a clinical model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion and a clinical potential application to RIPC. However, although RIPC has shown successful results in experimental studies, clinical trials on CABG have failed to demonstrate a benefit of RIPC in humans. Strikingly, the main proposed factors associated with this translational failure also impair the balance of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), which has shown to play a key role in RIPC cardioprotection in animal models. Comorbidities, chronic pharmacological treatment and anesthesic drugs - common conditions in CABG patients - cause an ANS imbalance through parasympathetic activity decrement. On the other hand, ANS and specially the parasympathetic branch are essentials to get cardioprotection by RIPC in animal models. Consequently, we propose that ANS imbalance in CABG patients would explain the failure of RIPC clinical trials. Whether our hypothesis is true, many patients could be benefited by RIPC: a cheap, simple and virtually broad-available cardioprotective maneuver. In this paper we discuss the evidence that support this hypothesis and its clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham I J Gajardo
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Chile; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Chile Clinical Hospital, Chile
| | - Lukas Karachon
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Chile
| | - Pablo Bustamante
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Chile
| | - Pablo Repullo
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Chile
| | | | - Gina Sánchez
- Pathophysiology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Chile
| | - Ramón Rodrigo
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Chile.
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Alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activation protects against myocardial reperfusion injury through modulation of autophagy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 500:357-364. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.04.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Abstract
The brain is both the orchestrator as well as the target of the innate immune system's response to the aseptic trauma of surgery. When trauma-induced inflammation is not appropriately regulated persistent neuro-inflammation interferes with the synaptic plasticity that underlies the learning and memory aspects of cognition. The complications that ensue, include postoperative delirium (POD) and postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) at two poles of a constellation that is now termed perioperative neurocognitive disorders. While the relationship of acute POD to the more indolent POCD is not completely understood both can be further complicated by earlier-onset of dementia and higher mortality. How and why these disorders occur is the focus of this report. The innate immune system response to peripheral trauma signals to the brain through a regulated cascade of cellular and molecular actors producing a teleological defense mechanism, "sickness behavior," to curtail further injury and initiate repair. Sickness behavior, including disordered cognition, is terminated by neural and humoral pathways that restore homeostasis and launch the organism on a path to good health. With so many "moving parts" the innate immune system is vulnerable in clinical settings that include advanced age and lifestyle-induced diseases such as "unhealthy" obesity and the inevitable insulin resistance. Under these conditions, inflammation may become exaggerated and long-lived. Consideration is provided how to identify the high-risk surgical patient and both pharmacological (including biological compounds) and non-pharmacological strategies to customize care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Saxena
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, UCSF; Department of anesthesia, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Mervyn Maze
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, UCSF.
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Vagus nerve stimulation in pregnant rats and effects on inflammatory markers in the brainstem of neonates. Pediatr Res 2018; 83:514-519. [PMID: 29053705 PMCID: PMC5866172 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2017.265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BackgroundVagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is an Food and Drug Administration-approved method delivering electrical impulses for treatment of depression and epilepsy in adults. The vagus nerve innervates the majority of visceral organs and cervix, but potential impacts of VNS on the progress of pregnancy and the fetus are not well studied.MethodsWe tested the hypothesis that VNS in pregnant dams does not induce inflammatory changes in the cardio-respiratory control regions of the pups' brainstem, potentially impacting the morbidity and mortality of offspring. Pregnant dams were implanted with stimulators providing intermittent low or high frequency electrical stimulation of the sub-diaphragmatic esophageal segment of the vagus nerve for 6-7 days until delivery. After birth, we collected pup brainstems that included cardio-respiratory control regions and counted the cells labeled for pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α) and high mobility group box 1.ResultsNeither pup viability nor number of cells labeled for pro-inflammatory cytokines in nucleus tractus solitarii or hypoglossal motor nucleus was impaired by VNS. We provide evidence suggesting that chronic VNS of pregnant mothers does not impede the progress or outcome of pregnancy.ConclusionVNS does not cause preterm birth, affect well-being of progeny, or impact central inflammatory processes that are critical for normal cardiovascular and respiratory function in newborns.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. B. Persson
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Vegetative Physiology; Berlin Germany
| | - A. Bondke Persson
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Berlin Germany
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Uitterdijk A, Duncker DJ. Arginase - a novel target for cardioprotection by vagal nerve stimulation. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2017; 221:160-162. [PMID: 28834306 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Uitterdijk
- Division of Experimental Cardiology; Department of Cardiology; Thoraxcenter; Cardiovascular Research Institute COEUR; Erasmus University Medical Center; Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - D. J. Duncker
- Division of Experimental Cardiology; Department of Cardiology; Thoraxcenter; Cardiovascular Research Institute COEUR; Erasmus University Medical Center; Rotterdam The Netherlands
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