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Jahanshahi F, Jazayeri SB, Eraghi MM, Reis LO, Hamidikia M, Amiri S, Aghamir SMK. A narrative review on adverse drug reactions of COVID-19 treatments on the kidney. Open Med (Wars) 2024; 19:20230867. [PMID: 38584847 PMCID: PMC10996932 DOI: 10.1515/med-2023-0867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Studies showed that the respiratory is not the only system affected by coronavirus 2, while cardiovascular, digestive, and nervous systems, as well as essential organs such as the kidneys, can be affected by this virus. In this review, we have studied the epidemiology, clinical, and laboratory findings on COVID-19 infection renal involvement, mortality, physiopathology, remaining renal sequels after recovery, underlying renal disease, and renal injury due to its treatment. Also, protective measures for kidney injury are explained in three levels. Evidence of viral particles and genome in the urine and renal tubular cells and signs of damage such as microangiopathy, hypercoagulopathy, and fibrosis are found in COVID-19 patients. The result of this study showed, in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, that the rate of acute kidney injury (AKI) was up to 46%, with a mortality ranging from 11 to 96%. A considerable proportion of patients with AKI would remain on renal replacement therapy. Proteinuria and hematuria are observed in 87 and 75% patients, and increased Cr and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 are observed in 29.6 and 35.3% of the patients, respectively. Remedsivir is considered to have adverse effects on GFR. COVID-19 patients need special attention to prevent AKI. Those with underlying chronic kidney disease or AKI need proper and explicit evaluation and treatment to improve their prognosis and decrease mortality, which should not be limited to the hospitalization period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Jahanshahi
- Research Committee Member, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Sina Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Behnam Jazayeri
- Students’ Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mirahmadi Eraghi
- Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Sina Hospital, Tehran, Iran
- School of Medicine, Qeshm International Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qeshm, Iran
| | - Leonardo Oliveira Reis
- UroScience and Department of Surgery (Urology), School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Unicamp, and Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas, PUC-Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mahtab Hamidikia
- Research Committee Member, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shayan Amiri
- Rasool Akram Medical Complex, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Bothe TL, Gunga HC, Pilz N, Heinz V, Opatz OS. Relativistic aspects of physiology: Expanding our understanding of conventional control loops. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2023; 239:e14064. [PMID: 37964669 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T L Bothe
- Institute of Physiology, Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments Berlin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - H C Gunga
- Institute of Physiology, Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments Berlin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - N Pilz
- Institute of Physiology, Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments Berlin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Translational Physiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - V Heinz
- Institute of Physiology, Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments Berlin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - O S Opatz
- Institute of Physiology, Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments Berlin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Persson AB, Persson PB, Hillmeister P. How the availability of information affects the responsibility of the researcher? Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2023; 239:e14022. [PMID: 37533182 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Pontus B Persson
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Translational Physiology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Hillmeister
- Department for Angiology, Faculty of Health Sciences (FGW), Center for Internal Medicine 1, Brandenburg Medical School (MHB) Theodor Fontane, University Clinic Brandenburg, Deutsches Angiologie Zentrum (DAZB), Havel, Germany
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Bothe TL, Pilz N, Patzak A, Opatz OS. Bridging the gap: The dichotomy between measurement and reality in physiological research. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2023; 238:e14015. [PMID: 37354109 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T L Bothe
- Institute of Physiology, Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments Berlin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - N Pilz
- Institute of Translational Physiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Patzak
- Institute of Translational Physiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - O S Opatz
- Institute of Physiology, Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments Berlin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Bothe TL, Pilz N, Dippel LJ. The compass of biomedicine. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2022; 236:e13856. [PMID: 35759342 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomas L Bothe
- Institute of Translational Physiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Niklas Pilz
- Institute of Translational Physiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura J Dippel
- Institute of Translational Physiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Persson PB, Hillmeister P, Persson AB. Perception. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2022; 235:e13842. [PMID: 35543575 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pontus B. Persson
- Institute of Translational Physiology Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Philipp Hillmeister
- Department for Angiology Faculty of Health Sciences (FGW) Center for Internal Medicine 1 Deutsches Angiologie Zentrum (DAZB) Brandenburg Medical School (MHB) Theodor Fontane University Clinic Brandenburg Havel Germany
| | - Anja B. Persson
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany
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Bothe TL, Dippel LJ, Pilz N. The Art of Planning-How many samples are enough? Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2022; 234:e13746. [PMID: 34907659 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomas L. Bothe
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology Charité –Universitätsmedizin Berlin Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Laura Josefa Dippel
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology Charité –Universitätsmedizin Berlin Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Niklas Pilz
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology Charité –Universitätsmedizin Berlin Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany
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Persson PB, Persson AB. Scientific due diligence [in times of need for reliable information]. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2022; 234:e13740. [PMID: 34793624 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pontus B. Persson
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
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