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Hiemstra M, Dillon-Rossiter K, Bartmann N, Prapavessis H, Rollo S, Mitchell M. When it comes to sedentary behaviour modification, should people be told what to do? A randomized comparison trial among home-based office workers living in Ontario, Canada. Transl Behav Med 2024; 14:106-116. [PMID: 37584487 DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibad047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of adding choice architecture to a theory-based (Health Action Process Approach; HAPA) sedentary intervention remain unknown. To investigate whether choice architecture enhances a theory-based sedentary behaviour reduction intervention in home-based office workers. A 4-week HAPA-based intervention was conducted in London, Canada. Choice architecture was tested as an enhancement via a two (group: 'Choice of Intervention' vs. 'No Choice Intervention') by two (time: Baseline vs. Week 4) factorial repeated measure randomized comparison design. Sedentary behaviour reduction strategies focussed on obtaining a sedentary break frequency (BF) of every 30-45 min with break durations (BD) of 2-3 min. BF, BD, sitting, standing, and moving time were objectively measured (activPAL4™) at both time points. Participants (n = 148) were 44.9 ± 11.4 years old and 72.3% female. BF and total sitting time showed a time effect (P < .001), where both groups improved over the 4 weeks; there were no significant differences between groups across time. BD, standing, and moving time had a significant group by time effect where the 'No Choice' group showed significant increases in BD (P < .001), standing (P = .006), and moving time (P < .001) over the 4 weeks. Augmenting a theory-based intervention with choice architecture resulted in change in some sedentary behaviours in at home office workers. Specifically, while BF increased for all participants, the 'No Choice' group exhibited greater changes for BD, standing, and moving time compared with the 'Choice' group. Overall, these changes exceeded the intervention BF and BD goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison Hiemstra
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | | | - Nina Bartmann
- Center for Advanced Hindsight, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Harry Prapavessis
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Scott Rollo
- Personnel Support Programs, Canadian Forces Morale and Welfare Services, Borden, ON, Canada
- GoGet.Fit, Canmore, AB, Canada
| | - Marc Mitchell
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada
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2
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Porath J, Schmidt LI, Möckel J, Dold C, Hennerkes L, Haussmann A. What it takes to reduce sitting at work: a pilot study on the effectiveness and correlates of a multicomponent intervention. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2024; 97:9-21. [PMID: 37950069 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-023-02020-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the feasibility and effects of a simple-to-implement multicomponent intervention to reduce sedentary time of office workers. METHODS Six groups of eight to ten office workers took part in the two-week Leicht Bewegt intervention. Participants completed questionnaires at baseline (T0, n = 52), after 2 weeks (T1, n = 46), and after 5 weeks (T2, n = 38), including subjective sedentary measures and social-cognitive variables based on the health action process approach (HAPA). Objective sedentary measures were obtained using activPAL trackers. RESULTS The intention to reduce sedentary behavior during work increased significantly from T0 to T1. Participants' objective and subjective sitting time decreased significantly from T0 to T1, corresponding to an average decrease per 8-h-workday of 55 min (d = - .66) or 74 min (d = - 1.14), respectively. This reduction persisted (for subjective sitting time) at T2 (d = - 1.08). Participants indicated a high satisfaction with the intervention. CONCLUSIONS The Leicht Bewegt intervention offers a feasible and effective opportunity to reduce sedentary behavior at work. Randomized controlled trials including longer follow-up time periods are needed to validate its benefits in different workplaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannik Porath
- Institute of Psychology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Laura I Schmidt
- Institute of Psychology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Juliane Möckel
- Department for Prevention and Health Promotion, Heidelberg University of Education, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Chiara Dold
- Department for Prevention and Health Promotion, Heidelberg University of Education, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lisa Hennerkes
- Institute of Psychology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Haussmann
- Institute of Psychology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Division of Physical Activity, Prevention and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DFKZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
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3
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Doré A, Kalo K, Schwab L, Reichel JL, Eisenbarth L, Strepp T, Jacob R, Enders K, Letzel S, Simon P, Dietz P, Kubiak T, Heller S. Videos using different message strategies to promote the interruption of sedentary behavior in university students during online lectures - A pilot study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1108154. [PMID: 37575097 PMCID: PMC10412984 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1108154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sedentary behavior (SB) is highly prevalent among university students and has increased during COVID-19 pandemic. As SB is associated with negative health outcomes, appropriate prevention measures in the university setting are needed. Objective This pilot study aimed at investigating the effects of videos using different message strategies to interrupt SB in the collective of university students during online lectures. Methods During online lectures, university students (N = 96) were shown one of three videos on the interruption of SB. The videos differed in their message strategies with regard to evidence type (statistical vs. narrative) and vividness (static vs. animated images). Demographics, health variables (SB intentions, SB attitudes) and selected media reception variables (identification, homophily, counterarguing) were examined as possible influence factors on the interruption of SB evoked by watching the video. Results Approximately half of the students interrupted sedentary behavior during watching the videos and students of the older age group (cut-off: median = 22 years) interrupted SB significantly more often (p = 0.046). The interruption of SB was predicted by SB intentions (p < 0.05). Identification with characters significantly predicted the intentions to reduce SB (p < 0.001), with a large effect of the overall regression model (R2corr = 0.47). Conclusion Considering the increased digitalization in general and restrictions due to COVID-19 pandemic, videos seem to be a useful tool to interrupt SB among university students during online lectures. Narrative formats could facilitate the intention to reduce SB, which in turn could have a positive impact on the interruption of SB. However, further research on effective communication and message strategies is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Doré
- Department of Health Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Kristin Kalo
- Department of Sports Medicine, Disease Prevention and Rehabilitation, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Lisa Schwab
- Department of Sports Medicine, Disease Prevention and Rehabilitation, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jennifer L. Reichel
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Medical Centre of the University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Laura Eisenbarth
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Medical Centre of the University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tilmann Strepp
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Robin Jacob
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Medical Centre of the University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Kira Enders
- Department of Sports Medicine, Disease Prevention and Rehabilitation, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stephan Letzel
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Medical Centre of the University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Perikles Simon
- Department of Sports Medicine, Disease Prevention and Rehabilitation, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Pavel Dietz
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Medical Centre of the University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Kubiak
- Department of Health Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sebastian Heller
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Medical Centre of the University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Rodrigues B, Carraça EV, Francisco BB, Nobre I, Cortez-Pinto H, Santos I. Theory-based physical activity and/or nutrition behavior change interventions for cancer survivors: a systematic review. J Cancer Surviv 2023:10.1007/s11764-023-01390-5. [PMID: 37133640 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-023-01390-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Theory-based interventions aimed at promoting health behavior change in cancer survivors seem to be effective but remain scarce. More information on intervention features is also needed. This review aimed to synthesize the evidence from randomized controlled trials evaluating the efficacy of theory-based interventions (and its features) on physical activity (PA) and/or diet behaviors in cancer survivors. METHODS A systematic search in three databases (PubMed, PsycInfo, and Web of Science) identified studies that (i) targeted adult cancer survivors and (ii) included theory-based randomized controlled trials designed to influence PA, diet, or weight management. A qualitative synthesis of interventions' effectiveness, extensiveness of theory use, and applied intervention techniques was conducted. RESULTS Twenty-six studies were included. Socio-Cognitive Theory was the most used theory, showing promising results in PA-only trials and mixed findings in multiple-behavior interventions. Mixed findings were observed for interventions based on the Theory of Planned Behavior and Transtheoretical Model. Limited findings were found in diet-only interventions. A large variability in the extensiveness of theory use, and in intervention techniques was found. Further research is required to understand how and why these interventions offer promise for improving behavior. CONCLUSIONS Theory-based interventions seem to improve PA and diet behaviors in cancer survivors. Further studies, including thorough intervention descriptions, are needed to confirm these findings and identify the optimal features and content of lifestyle theory-based interventions for cancer survivors. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS This systematic review can contribute to the development of more effective interventions to promote long-term adherence to healthy lifestyle behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Rodrigues
- Centro de Investigação em Atividade Física, Saúde e Lazer (CIAFEL), Faculdade de Desporto, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Eliana V Carraça
- Centro de Investigação em Desporto, Educação Física, Exercício e Saúde (CIDEFES), Universidade Lusófona, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Beatriz B Francisco
- Laboratório de Nutrição, Faculdade de Medicina, Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Inês Nobre
- Centro Interdisciplinar para o Estudo da Performance Humana (CIPER), Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Helena Cortez-Pinto
- Laboratório de Nutrição, Faculdade de Medicina, Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Clínica Universitária de Gastrenterologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Departamento de Gastrenterologia, CHULN - Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Inês Santos
- Centro de Investigação em Desporto, Educação Física, Exercício e Saúde (CIDEFES), Universidade Lusófona, Lisboa, Portugal.
- Laboratório de Nutrição, Faculdade de Medicina, Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
- Instituto de Saúde Ambiental (ISAMB), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
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Kowalsky RJ, Farney TM, Hearon CM. Resistance Exercise Breaks Improve Ratings of Discomfort and Sleepiness in College Students. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2023; 94:210-215. [PMID: 35089851 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2021.1959508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Background: Emerging research suggests using resistance exercises to interrupt prolonged sitting may increase physical activity and reduce fatigue, sleepiness, and muscular discomfort, yet it is unclear if these improvements occur in college students. Methods: Twenty-four students (age 23.1 ± 3.4 years, BMI 27.4 ± 5.0 kg∙m-2) completed two 7-day assessments of discomfort, physical fatigue, mental fatigue, and sleepiness while wearing an ActivPAL. Each week (CON vs REX) followed normal activities while completing assessments in the morning (M), mid-day (MD), and evening (E). During REX, hourly resistance exercise breaks (1 exercise per break, 8 breaks per day) for 2 sets of 15 repetitions. Paired t-tests evaluated difference in physical activity variables. Repeated measures ANOVA (0 between, 3 within) evaluated differences in discomfort, physical fatigue, mental fatigue, and sleepiness variables across treatment (CON vs. REX). Results: Comparison of physical activity resulted in no statistical significance between treatments for all outcomes (p ≥ 0.05). A main effect for treatment was observed for overall discomfort (CON: 2.97, REX: 1.72; p = .042) and for sleepiness (CON: 4.38, REX: 3.89; p = .011). Conclusion: Hourly simple resistance breaks resulted in no compensation in steps or sedentary time while reducing muscular discomfort and sleepiness in a relatively healthy and active population.
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Szczuka Z, Kulis E, Boberska M, Banik A, Siwa M, Zaleskiewicz H, Knoll N, Revenson TA, Luszczynska A. Dyadic reciprocal associations between self-efficacy and planning predict sedentary behaviour. Br J Health Psychol 2022; 28:451-466. [PMID: 36333942 DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.12633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There are two alternative hypotheses regarding bidirectional associations between self-efficacy and planning in predicting health behaviour change: self-efficacy may establish planning (cultivation hypothesis) or planning may enable the formation of self-efficacy (enabling hypothesis). This study investigates the order in which these two social cognitions are linked in adult-adult dyads in the context of sedentary behaviours (SB). DESIGN A longitudinal study with 4 measurement points, spanning 8 months. METHODS A total of 320 dyads (age: 18-90 years) were enrolled. Dyads included a focus person (who received the recommendation to reduce SB and intended to change their SB), and their partners, who were willing to support the focus persons and intended to reduce their own SB as well. Data were collected at Time 1 (T1), Time 2 (1 week later, T2), Time 3 (T3, 2 months after T1) and Time 4 (T4, 8 months after T1). SB was measured with accelerometers at (T1 and T4). Mediation models with individual and dyadic reciprocal effects were tested with path analyses. RESULTS Only one indirect effect was found: A higher level of partners' SB reduction-specific self-efficacy at T2 was related to the focus person's more frequent planning to reduce SB at T3, which, in turn, predicted lower SB time among partners at T4. CONCLUSIONS The findings provide partial support for the cultivation model (self-efficacy prompting planning) and for dyadic reciprocal associations in the context of SB time reduction among adult dyads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zofia Szczuka
- Wroclaw Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Kulis
- Wroclaw Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Monika Boberska
- Wroclaw Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anna Banik
- Wroclaw Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Maria Siwa
- Wroclaw Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Hanna Zaleskiewicz
- Wroclaw Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Nina Knoll
- Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tracey A Revenson
- Department of Psychology, Hunter College and the Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York, USA
| | - Aleksandra Luszczynska
- Wroclaw Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Wroclaw, Poland.,Melbourne Centre for Behavior Change, Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Maltagliati S, Sarrazin P, Isoard-Gautheur S, Rhodes RE, Boisgontier MP, Cheval B. I Sit but I Don't Know Why: Investigating the Multiple Precursors of Leisure-Time Sedentary Behaviors. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2022; 93:548-563. [PMID: 34653348 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2021.1877246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Background: Precursors driving leisure-time sedentary behaviors remain poorly investigated, despite their detrimental consequences. This study aimed to investigate the predictive validity of controlled and automatic motivational precursors toward reducing sedentary behaviors and being physically active on leisure-time sedentary behaviors. The influence of demographic, physical, socio-professional, interpersonal, and environmental variables was also examined and compared with the associations of motivational precursors. Methods: 125 adults completed questionnaires measuring controlled motivational precursors (i.e., intentions, perceived competence), demographical (i.e., sex and age), physical (i.e., body mass index), and interpersonal (i.e., number of children) variables. Regarding automatic motivational precursors, habit strength and approach-avoidance tendencies were captured using the Self-Report Behavioral Automaticity Index and a manikin task. Time at work was computed as a socio-professional variable, days of the week and weather conditions were recorded as environmental precursors. Participants wore an accelerometer for 7 days and leisure time was identified using notebooks. Associations between the different precursors and the leisure-time sedentary behaviors were examined in linear mixed effect models. Results: Intention to be physically active and habit strength toward physical activity were negatively associated with leisure-time sedentary behaviors. Sex, body mass index, time at work, number of children, day of the week, and weather conditions were more strongly associated with leisure-time sedentary behaviors. Conclusion: Our findings show that, in comparison with other variables, the influence of motivational precursors on leisure-time sedentary behaviors is limited. This study supports the adoption of a broad-spectrum of precursors when predicting sedentary behaviors.
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Hou B, Li L, Zheng L, Qi Y, Zhou S. Linking Exercise Intention to Exercise Action: The Moderating Role of Self-Efficacy. Front Psychol 2022; 13:921285. [PMID: 35910992 PMCID: PMC9326305 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.921285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
As physical exercise benefits both physical and psychological health of college students, it is important to promote the habit of physical exercise among them. This study adopted the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) model to understand the exercise intention–action link and determine the moderating role of self-efficacy. We recruited 242 students from a university in China and asked them to complete a six-wave survey. The survey results indicated that exercise intention was positively related to both coping planning and action planning, which pave the way to performing the action of exercise. However, such mediation effects varied under conditions of self-efficacy. Participants with high self-efficacy exhibited stronger relationships between intention and planning, and between planning and action. The study results suggest that planning has a time-lagged mediation effect in the relationship between intention and action. Additionally, the findings shed light on the moderating role of self-efficacy, which can be useful in developing health-promotion strategies for college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Hou
- School of Public Administration, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Linqian Li
- School of Psychology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- School of Economics and Management, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Zheng
| | - Yating Qi
- Graduate School of Education, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Yating Qi
| | - Song Zhou
- School of Psychology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- Song Zhou
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Promotion of Physical Activity through Health Applications among Students of Selected Universities – a Preliminary Study. CENTRAL EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SPORT SCIENCES AND MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.18276/cej.2022.2-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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10
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Castro O, Vergeer I, Bennie J, Biddle SJH. Feasibility of Reducing and Breaking Up University Students' Sedentary Behaviour: Pilot Trial and Process Evaluation. Front Psychol 2021; 12:661994. [PMID: 34177716 PMCID: PMC8222591 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.661994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Accumulating high levels of sedentary behaviour has been linked to poor health outcomes. This study examined the feasibility and preliminary, short-term effects of a theory-based intervention aimed at reducing total and prolonged sedentary behaviour in University students. Design: A quasi-experimental (pre-post) pilot study. Methods: Nine ambulatory undergraduate students (Mean age = 22 ± 2.32) participated in a one-on-one session, including an educational component around the health effects of sedentary behaviour and three distinct activities (feedback, “pros and cons” exercise, and suggested behaviour change strategies). In addition, automated daily text messages targeting sedentary behaviour were sent for 6 days (four messages per day at fixed intervals). The Behaviour Change Wheel framework guided the intervention design process. Outcomes were assessed over 6 days in pre- and post-intervention periods and included accelerometer-based (activPAL) and self-reported (Nightly-Week-U) total sedentary time, as well as accelerometer-based number of steps and prolonged sedentary time. Students completed a process evaluation interview upon completing the trial. Results: From pre- to post-intervention, there was a significant reduction in accelerometer-based total and prolonged sedentary time during weekend days. In addition, there was a significant increase in accelerometer-based standing time and stepping during weekend days. There were no statistically significant changes in accelerometer-based sedentary time, standing time or number of steps during weekdays. Process evaluation results indicated that the intervention and its assessment is feasible. Reductions in sedentary time were likely to be mediated by positive changes in the student's reflective and automatic motivation. Conclusions: Findings from this small, short-term intervention suggest that a single one-on-one session, together with automated text messages, may help University students reduce sedentary behaviour and enhance movement during weekend days. Additional strategies to maximise the intervention effects are discussed (e.g., establishing a collaboration with University staff, introducing sit-to-stand desks, and/or facilitating social support). A randomised control trial assessing sedentary behaviour over a longer period is needed to adequately study the intervention's effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Castro
- Physically Active Lifestyles Research Group (USQ-PALs), Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, QLD, Australia.,Centre for Behaviour Change, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ineke Vergeer
- Physically Active Lifestyles Research Group (USQ-PALs), Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, QLD, Australia
| | - Jason Bennie
- Physically Active Lifestyles Research Group (USQ-PALs), Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, QLD, Australia
| | - Stuart J H Biddle
- Physically Active Lifestyles Research Group (USQ-PALs), Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, QLD, Australia
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Application of the health action process approach model for reducing excessive internet use behaviors among rural adolescents in China: a school-based intervention pilot study. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:986. [PMID: 34039318 PMCID: PMC8152115 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10999-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective There are few studies regarding Internet use behaviors of Chinese rural adolescents based on behavioral theory. The aim of this study is to examine the applicability and effectiveness of the health action process approach model (HAPA) in the intervention of excessive Internet use behaviors among rural adolescents in China. Methods Three hundred twenty-seven participants who met the excessive Internet use criteria were involved in this study. Four interventions based on the HAPA model were conducted during 2015–2017. The structural equation model (SEM) was applied to fit the HAPA model. Results The rate of average daily time spent online on weekends more than 4 h dropped from 57.2 to 39.1% (P < 0.001). The rate of daily game time more than 2 h decreased from 51.1 to 35.2% (P < 0.001). The result of SEM showed that both the applicability and effectiveness of the HAPA model were well in the intervention of excessive Internet use behaviors with good fitted indicators (χ2/df = 2.066, GFI = 0.889, CFI = 0.938, TLI = 0.928, IFI = 0.938, RMSEA = 0.057). The direct and indirect effects of the main pathways in the HAPA model were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The comparison analysis of HAPA model variables identified that outcome expectancy, intention, maintenance self-efficacy had been improved significantly after interventions. Conclusion The intervention measures based on the HAPA model can effectively reduce excessive Internet use behaviors of Chinese rural adolescents, mainly through strengthen outcome expectancy, intention, and maintenance self-efficacy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-10999-z.
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Dillon K, Rollo S, Prapavessis H. A combined health action process approach and mHealth intervention to reduce sedentary behaviour in university students - a randomized controlled trial. Psychol Health 2021; 37:692-711. [PMID: 33780297 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2021.1900574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Objective: This investigation evaluated the effectiveness of a Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) based planning intervention augmented with text messages to reduce student-related sitting time (primary outcome) and increase specific non-sedentary behaviours. Relationships between the HAPA volitional constructs and sedentary and non-sedentary behaviours were also explored. Design: University students (Mage = 21.13 y; SD = 4.81) were randomized into either a HAPA intervention (n = 28) or control (n = 33) condition. Main Outcome Measures: School-related sitting time, time spent in specific non-sedentary behaviours and HAPA volitional constructs were assessed at baseline, weeks 2, 4, 6 (post-intervention) and 8 (follow-up). Results: Significant group by time interaction effects favouring the intervention group were found for sitting time (p = 0.004, ɳp2 = 0.10), walking time (p = 0.021, ɳp2 = 0.06) and stretching time (p = 0.023, ɳp2 = 0.08), as well as for action planning (p < 0.001, ɳp2 = 0.17), coping planning (p < 0.001, ɳp2 = 0.20) and action control (p < 0.001, ɳp2 = 0.20). Significant correlations (p < 0.05) were also found between the HAPA constructs and sitting-related outcomes. Conclusions: Combining a HAPA-based planning intervention with text messages can reduce student-related sitting time in university students. Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2021.1900574 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Dillon
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Kinesiology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Scott Rollo
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Harry Prapavessis
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Kinesiology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
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The Effect of an Acute Sedentary Behaviour Reducing Intervention on Subjective Well-Being among University Students: A Pilot Randomized Trial. HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN 2021. [DOI: 10.5334/hpb.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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14
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Rollo S, Prapavessis H. A combined health action process approach and mHealth intervention to reduce workplace sitting time in office-working adults: a secondary analysis examining health-related quality of life and work performance outcomes. Psychol Health 2020; 36:1200-1216. [PMID: 33108910 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2020.1838522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This secondary analysis study examined the effects of a 6-week theory-based planning and mHealth text message intervention targeting workplace sitting time on health-related quality of life and work performance in office workers. DESIGN Office-working adults (Mage=45.18 ± 11.33 years) were randomised into either a planning + text message intervention (n = 29) or control (n = 31) condition. OUTCOME MEASURES Workplace sitting time, time spent in specific non-sedentary behaviours (e.g. standing), health-related outcomes (i.e. emotional well-being, energy/fatigue, perceived role limitations), and work performance were assessed at baseline and week 6. RESULTS Significant group by time interaction effects, that favoured the intervention group, were found for perceived role limitations due to emotional health problems and emotional well-being. No significant interaction effects emerged for energy/fatigue, role limitations due to physical health problems or work performance. Significant correlations in the expected direction were found between sedentary/non-sedentary behaviours and health-related outcomes. No significant mediation effects were found to suggest the intervention affected health-related outcomes through reductions in sedentary behaviour. CONCLUSION Reducing workplace sitting improves emotional well-being and contributes to fewer perceived role limitations due to emotional health problems among office workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Rollo
- Exercise and Health Psychology Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Harry Prapavessis
- Exercise and Health Psychology Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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15
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Schroé H, Van Dyck D, De Paepe A, Poppe L, Loh WW, Verloigne M, Loeys T, De Bourdeaudhuij I, Crombez G. Which behaviour change techniques are effective to promote physical activity and reduce sedentary behaviour in adults: a factorial randomized trial of an e- and m-health intervention. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2020; 17:127. [PMID: 33028335 PMCID: PMC7539442 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-020-01001-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND E- and m-health interventions are promising to change health behaviour. Many of these interventions use a large variety of behaviour change techniques (BCTs), but it's not known which BCTs or which combination of BCTs contribute to their efficacy. Therefore, this experimental study investigated the efficacy of three BCTs (i.e. action planning, coping planning and self-monitoring) and their combinations on physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) against a background set of other BCTs. METHODS In a 2 (action planning: present vs absent) × 2 (coping planning: present vs absent) × 2 (self-monitoring: present vs absent) factorial trial, 473 adults from the general population used the self-regulation based e- and m-health intervention 'MyPlan2.0' for five weeks. All combinations of BCTs were considered, resulting in eight groups. Participants selected their preferred target behaviour, either PA (n = 335, age = 35.8, 28.1% men) or SB (n = 138, age = 37.8, 37.7% men), and were then randomly allocated to the experimental groups. Levels of PA (MVPA in minutes/week) or SB (total sedentary time in hours/day) were assessed at baseline and post-intervention using self-reported questionnaires. Linear mixed-effect models were fitted to assess the impact of the different combinations of the BCTs on PA and SB. RESULTS First, overall efficacy of each BCT was examined. The delivery of self-monitoring increased PA (t = 2.735, p = 0.007) and reduced SB (t = - 2.573, p = 0.012) compared with no delivery of self-monitoring. Also, the delivery of coping planning increased PA (t = 2.302, p = 0.022) compared with no delivery of coping planning. Second, we investigated to what extent adding BCTs increased efficacy. Using the combination of the three BCTs was most effective to increase PA (x2 = 8849, p = 0.003) whereas the combination of action planning and self-monitoring was most effective to decrease SB (x2 = 3.918, p = 0.048). To increase PA, action planning was always more effective in combination with coping planning (x2 = 5.590, p = 0.014; x2 = 17.722, p < 0.001; x2 = 4.552, p = 0.033) compared with using action planning without coping planning. Of note, the use of action planning alone reduced PA compared with using coping planning alone (x2 = 4.389, p = 0.031) and self-monitoring alone (x2 = 8.858, p = 003), respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study provides indications that different (combinations of) BCTs may be effective to promote PA and reduce SB. More experimental research to investigate the effectiveness of BCTs is needed, which can contribute to improved design and more effective e- and m-health interventions in the future. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study was preregistered as a clinical trial (ID number: NCT03274271 ). Release date: 20 October 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helene Schroé
- Ghent Health Psychology Lab, Department of Experimental-Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ghent University, Henri Dunantlaan 2, Ghent, 9000, Belgium. .,Research Group Physical Activity and Health, Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Delfien Van Dyck
- Research Group Physical Activity and Health, Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Annick De Paepe
- Ghent Health Psychology Lab, Department of Experimental-Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ghent University, Henri Dunantlaan 2, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Louise Poppe
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wen Wei Loh
- Department of Data Analysis, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Maïté Verloigne
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom Loeys
- Department of Data Analysis, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij
- Research Group Physical Activity and Health, Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Geert Crombez
- Ghent Health Psychology Lab, Department of Experimental-Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ghent University, Henri Dunantlaan 2, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
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Vergeld V, Wienert J, Reinwand DA, Tan SL, Lippke S. An 8-Week Study on Social-Cognitive Variables for Physical Activity and Fruit and Vegetable Intake: Are there Stage Transitions? Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2020; 13:109-128. [PMID: 32869518 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health behavior change can be modelled in terms of stages, and outcomes of transitions between stages can be categorized into progression, regression, and stagnation. Based on the Health Action Process Approach this study tested whether changes in social-cognitive variables are associated with transitions between stages regarding physical activity (PA) and fruit and vegetable intake (FVI). METHODS N = 132 participants (M = 50.86 years, SD = 13.17, 61.4% women) were assessed at baseline and 8 weeks later. Data were analysed using multivariate analyses of variance (MANOVA) and post-hoc comparisons. RESULTS Changes in motivational self-efficacy (η2 = 0.081), maintenance self-efficacy (η2 = 0.119), and recovery self-efficacy (η2 = 0.049) as well as positive outcome expectancies (η2 = 0.070), negative outcome expectancies (η2 = 0.055), and coping planning (η2 = 0.065) were associated with FVI stage progression. For PA, changes were not associated with stage progression. CONCLUSION To facilitate behavior change effectively, at least for FVI, it is essential to consider underlying mechanisms such as several aspects of self-efficacy in performing the desired health behaviors, outcome expectations, and planning how to overcome barriers. Additionally, the adoption of a stage approach may be a useful starting point to develop stage-matched interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julian Wienert
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany.,University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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17
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Chen C, Dieterich AV, Koh JJE, Akksilp K, Tong EH, Budtarad N, Müller AM, Anothaisintawee T, Tai BC, Rattanavipapong W, Isaranuwatchai W, Rouyard T, Nakamura R, Müller-Riemenschneider F, Teerawattananon Y. The physical activity at work (PAW) study protocol: a cluster randomised trial of a multicomponent short-break intervention to reduce sitting time and increase physical activity among office workers in Thailand. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1332. [PMID: 32873258 PMCID: PMC7466487 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09427-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High levels of sedentary behaviour (SB) are associated with non-communicable diseases. In 2016, the estimated total healthcare expenditure from physical activity (PA) in Thailand added up to $190 million in international dollars. The challenge to reduce SB and increase PA among office workers is more urgent now than ever as Thailand is transforming itself from a predominantly rural country to an increasingly urban one. This study will investigate the effectiveness of a multicomponent short break intervention on the reduction of SB during office hours. METHODS/DESIGN This two-armed Physical Activity at Work (PAW) cluster randomised controlled trial will recruit 360 office workers from 18 offices in the Thailand's Ministry of Public Health (MOPH). Offices will be randomised to either the intervention group or the control group. The multicomponent intervention is informed by the Social Ecological Model and Behaviour Change Techniques (BCTs) and contains four components: (i) organisational, including heads of the participating divisions leading exercises, sending encouragement text messages and acknowledging efforts; (ii) social, including team movement breaks and team-based incentives; (iii) environmental, including posters to encourage exercise; and (iv) individual components including real-time PA feedback via an individual device. The main intervention component will be a short break intervention. The primary outcome of this study is the sedentary time of office workers. Secondary outcomes include time spent on PA, cardiometabolic outcomes, work productivity, musculoskeletal pain, and quality of life. The study also includes process and economic evaluations from the individual and societal perspective. DISCUSSION The study will be the first experimental study in Thailand to investigate the effect of a short-break intervention at the workplace on SBs of office workers and health outcomes. The study will also include a cost-effectiveness analysis to inform investments on short break interventions under the Universal Healthcare Coverage in Thailand, which includes health promotion and disease prevention component. TRIAL REGISTRATION The PAW study has been registered at the Thai Clinical Trials Registry (TCTR) under the study ID TCTR20200604007 . Registered 02 June 2020,.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Chen
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anna Valeria Dieterich
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jemima Jia En Koh
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Katika Akksilp
- Department of Health, Ministry of Public Health,Health Intervention and Technology Assessment Programme (HITAP), Ministry of Public Health, 6th Floor, 6th Building, Tiwanon Road, Nonthaburi, 11000, Thailand.
| | - Eunice Huiying Tong
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nuttakarn Budtarad
- Department of Health, Ministry of Public Health,Health Intervention and Technology Assessment Programme (HITAP), Ministry of Public Health, 6th Floor, 6th Building, Tiwanon Road, Nonthaburi, 11000, Thailand
| | - Andre Matthias Müller
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Thunyarata Anothaisintawee
- Department of Health, Ministry of Public Health,Health Intervention and Technology Assessment Programme (HITAP), Ministry of Public Health, 6th Floor, 6th Building, Tiwanon Road, Nonthaburi, 11000, Thailand
| | - Bee Choo Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Waranya Rattanavipapong
- Department of Health, Ministry of Public Health,Health Intervention and Technology Assessment Programme (HITAP), Ministry of Public Health, 6th Floor, 6th Building, Tiwanon Road, Nonthaburi, 11000, Thailand
| | - Wanrudee Isaranuwatchai
- Department of Health, Ministry of Public Health,Health Intervention and Technology Assessment Programme (HITAP), Ministry of Public Health, 6th Floor, 6th Building, Tiwanon Road, Nonthaburi, 11000, Thailand
| | - Thomas Rouyard
- Hitotsubashi Institute for Advanced Study, Hitotsubashi University, Kunitachi, Japan
| | - Ryota Nakamura
- Hitotsubashi Institute for Advanced Study, Hitotsubashi University, Kunitachi, Japan
| | | | - Yot Teerawattananon
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Health, Ministry of Public Health,Health Intervention and Technology Assessment Programme (HITAP), Ministry of Public Health, 6th Floor, 6th Building, Tiwanon Road, Nonthaburi, 11000, Thailand
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Castro O, Vergeer I, Bennie J, Cagas J, Biddle SJH. Using the Behavior Change Wheel to Understand University Students' Prolonged Sitting Time and Identify Potential Intervention Strategies. Int J Behav Med 2020; 28:360-371. [PMID: 32820465 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-020-09926-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several national public health guidelines recommend individuals to minimize time spent in prolonged, continuous periods of sitting. Developing effective interventions to break up sitting, however, requires in-depth understanding of the behavior as well as identification of the key elements that need to be targeted to achieve change. This qualitative study focused on university students-a highly sedentary group-with the aim of the following: (i) exploring the factors influencing prolonged sitting time in this population; and (ii) identifying potential avenues for future intervention, based on the Behavior Change Wheel framework. METHOD Eighteen ambulatory undergraduate students participated in semi-structured one-on-one interviews, using the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, Behavior (COM-B) model and the complementary Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) as the theoretical framework. Data were analyzed using a directed content analysis approach, followed by inductive thematic analysis. RESULTS All COM-B components and eight TDF domains were identified as relevant for influencing the target behavior. CONCLUSION Findings suggest that interventions and policies aimed at reducing prolonged sitting time in university students should (i) raise awareness about negative health implications; (ii) address productivity concerns; (iii) provide training in behavioral self-regulation; (iv) use external reminders; (v) implement habit formation techniques; and (vi) promote social acceptability for breaking up sitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Castro
- Physically Active Lifestyles Research Group (USQ-PALs), Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, Queensland, 4300, Australia.
| | - Ineke Vergeer
- Physically Active Lifestyles Research Group (USQ-PALs), Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, Queensland, 4300, Australia
| | - Jason Bennie
- Physically Active Lifestyles Research Group (USQ-PALs), Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, Queensland, 4300, Australia
| | - Jonathan Cagas
- Physically Active Lifestyles Research Group (USQ-PALs), Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, Queensland, 4300, Australia.,Department of Sports Science, University of the Philippines Diliman, 1101, Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Stuart J H Biddle
- Physically Active Lifestyles Research Group (USQ-PALs), Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, Queensland, 4300, Australia
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Murtagh EM, Murphy MH, Milton K, Roberts NW, O'Gorman CS, Foster C. Interventions outside the workplace for reducing sedentary behaviour in adults under 60 years of age. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020; 7:CD012554. [PMID: 32678471 PMCID: PMC7389819 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012554.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adults spend a majority of their time outside the workplace being sedentary. Large amounts of sedentary behaviour increase the risk of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and both all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality. OBJECTIVES Primary • To assess effects on sedentary time of non-occupational interventions for reducing sedentary behaviour in adults under 60 years of age Secondary • To describe other health effects and adverse events or unintended consequences of these interventions • To determine whether specific components of interventions are associated with changes in sedentary behaviour • To identify if there are any differential effects of interventions based on health inequalities (e.g. age, sex, income, employment) SEARCH METHODS: We searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, CINAHL, PsycINFO, SportDiscus, and ClinicalTrials.gov on 14 April 2020. We checked references of included studies, conducted forward citation searching, and contacted authors in the field to identify additional studies. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and cluster RCTs of interventions outside the workplace for community-dwelling adults aged 18 to 59 years. We included studies only when the intervention had a specific aim or component to change sedentary behaviour. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently screened titles/abstracts and full-text articles for study eligibility. Two review authors independently extracted data and assessed risk of bias. We contacted trial authors for additional information or data when required. We examined the following primary outcomes: device-measured sedentary time, self-report sitting time, self-report TV viewing time, and breaks in sedentary time. MAIN RESULTS We included 13 trials involving 1770 participants, all undertaken in high-income countries. Ten were RCTs and three were cluster RCTs. The mean age of study participants ranged from 20 to 41 years. A majority of participants were female. All interventions were delivered at the individual level. Intervention components included personal monitoring devices, information or education, counselling, and prompts to reduce sedentary behaviour. We judged no study to be at low risk of bias across all domains. Seven studies were at high risk of bias for blinding of outcome assessment due to use of self-report outcomes measures. Primary outcomes Interventions outside the workplace probably show little or no difference in device-measured sedentary time in the short term (mean difference (MD) -8.36 min/d, 95% confidence interval (CI) -27.12 to 10.40; 4 studies; I² = 0%; moderate-certainty evidence). We are uncertain whether interventions reduce device-measured sedentary time in the medium term (MD -51.37 min/d, 95% CI -126.34 to 23.59; 3 studies; I² = 84%; very low-certainty evidence) We are uncertain whether interventions outside the workplace reduce self-report sitting time in the short term (MD -64.12 min/d, 95% CI -260.91 to 132.67; I² = 86%; very low-certainty evidence). Interventions outside the workplace may show little or no difference in self-report TV viewing time in the medium term (MD -12.45 min/d, 95% CI -50.40 to 25.49; 2 studies; I² = 86%; low-certainty evidence) or in the long term (MD 0.30 min/d, 95% CI -0.63 to 1.23; 2 studies; I² = 0%; low-certainty evidence). It was not possible to pool the five studies that reported breaks in sedentary time given the variation in definitions used. Secondary outcomes Interventions outside the workplace probably have little or no difference on body mass index in the medium term (MD -0.25 kg/m², 95% CI -0.48 to -0.01; 3 studies; I² = 0%; moderate-certainty evidence). Interventions may have little or no difference in waist circumference in the medium term (MD -2.04 cm, 95% CI -9.06 to 4.98; 2 studies; I² = 65%; low-certainty evidence). Interventions probably have little or no difference on glucose in the short term (MD -0.18 mmol/L, 95% CI -0.30 to -0.06; 2 studies; I² = 0%; moderate-certainty evidence) and medium term (MD -0.08 mmol/L, 95% CI -0.21 to 0.05; 2 studies, I² = 0%; moderate-certainty evidence) Interventions outside the workplace may have little or no difference in device-measured MVPA in the short term (MD 1.99 min/d, 95% CI -4.27 to 8.25; 4 studies; I² = 23%; low-certainty evidence). We are uncertain whether interventions improve device-measured MVPA in the medium term (MD 6.59 min/d, 95% CI -7.35 to 20.53; 3 studies; I² = 70%; very low-certainty evidence). We are uncertain whether interventions outside the workplace improve self-reported light-intensity PA in the short-term (MD 156.32 min/d, 95% CI 34.34 to 278.31; 2 studies; I² = 79%; very low-certainty evidence). Interventions may have little or no difference on step count in the short-term (MD 226.90 steps/day, 95% CI -519.78 to 973.59; 3 studies; I² = 0%; low-certainty evidence) No data on adverse events or symptoms were reported in the included studies. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Interventions outside the workplace to reduce sedentary behaviour probably lead to little or no difference in device-measured sedentary time in the short term, and we are uncertain if they reduce device-measured sedentary time in the medium term. We are uncertain whether interventions outside the workplace reduce self-reported sitting time in the short term. Interventions outside the workplace may result in little or no difference in self-report TV viewing time in the medium or long term. The certainty of evidence is moderate to very low, mainly due to concerns about risk of bias, inconsistent findings, and imprecise results. Future studies should be of longer duration; should recruit participants from varying age, socioeconomic, or ethnic groups; and should gather quality of life, cost-effectiveness, and adverse event data. We strongly recommend that standard methods of data preparation and analysis are adopted to allow comparison of the effects of interventions to reduce sedentary behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine M Murtagh
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Physical Activity for Health Research Cluster, Health Research Institute (HRI), University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Marie H Murphy
- Sport & Exercise Sciences Research Institute, University of Ulster, Newtownabbey, UK
- Doctoral College, University of Ulster, Newtownabbey, UK
| | - Karen Milton
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Nia W Roberts
- Bodleian Health Care Libraries, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Clodagh Sm O'Gorman
- Graduate Entry Medical School, Faculty of Education and Health Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Charles Foster
- Centre for Exercise Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Rollo S, Prapavessis H. A Combined Health Action Process Approach and mHealth Intervention to Increase Non‐Sedentary Behaviours in Office‐Working Adults—A Randomised Controlled Trial. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2020; 12:660-686. [DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Scott Rollo
- The University of Western Ontario London Ontario Canada
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21
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Blackburn NE, Wilson JJ, McMullan II, Caserotti P, Giné-Garriga M, Wirth K, Coll-Planas L, Alias SB, Roqué M, Deidda M, Kunzmann AT, Dallmeier D, Tully MA. The effectiveness and complexity of interventions targeting sedentary behaviour across the lifespan: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2020; 17:53. [PMID: 32334631 PMCID: PMC7183680 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-020-00957-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that sedentary behaviour (SB) is associated with poor health outcomes. SB at any age may have significant consequences for health and well-being and interventions targeting SB are accumulating. Therefore, the need to review the effects of multicomponent, complex interventions that incorporate effective strategies to reduce SB are essential. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted investigating the impact of interventions targeting SB across the lifespan. Six databases were searched and two review authors independently screened studies for eligibility, completed data extraction and assessed the risk of bias and complexity of each of the included studies. RESULTS A total of 77 adult studies (n=62, RCTs) and 84 studies (n=62, RCTs) in children were included. The findings demonstrated that interventions in adults when compared to active controls resulted in non-significant reductions in SB, although when compared to inactive controls significant reductions were found in both the short (MD -56.86; 95%CI -74.10, -39.63; n=4632; I2 83%) and medium-to-long term (MD -20.14; 95%CI -34.13, -6.16; n=4537; I2 65%). The findings demonstrated that interventions in children when compared to active controls may lead to relevant reductions in daily sedentary time in the short-term (MD -59.90; 95%CI -102.16, -17.65; n=267; I2 86%), while interventions in children when compared to inactive controls may lead to relevant reductions in the short-term (MD -25.86; 95%CI -40.77, -10.96; n=9480; I2 98%) and medium-to-long term (MD -14.02; 95%CI -19.49, -8.55; n=41,138; I2 98%). The assessment of complexity suggested that interventions may need to be suitably complex to address the challenges of a complex behaviour such as SB, but demonstrated that a higher complexity score is not necessarily associated with better outcomes in terms of sustained long-term changes. CONCLUSIONS Interventions targeting reductions in SB have been shown to be successful, especially environmental interventions in both children and adults. More needs to be known about how best to optimise intervention effects. Future intervention studies should apply more rigorous methods to improve research quality, considering larger sample sizes, randomised controlled designs and valid and reliable measures of SB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole E Blackburn
- Centre for Health and Rehabilitation Technologies, Institute of Nursing and Health Research, School of Health Sciences, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, United Kingdom.
| | - Jason J Wilson
- Centre for Health and Rehabilitation Technologies, Institute of Nursing and Health Research, School of Health Sciences, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, United Kingdom
| | - Ilona I McMullan
- Centre for Health and Rehabilitation Technologies, Institute of Nursing and Health Research, School of Health Sciences, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo Caserotti
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Center for Active and Healthy Ageing (CAHA), Syddansk Universitet, Odense, Denmark
| | - Maria Giné-Garriga
- Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences Blanquerna, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Katharina Wirth
- Agaplesion Bethesda Clinic Ulm, Geriatric Centre Ulm/Alb-Donau, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Laura Coll-Planas
- Fundació Salut i Envelliment-Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Blancafort Alias
- Fundació Salut i Envelliment-Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Roqué
- Fundació Salut i Envelliment-Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuela Deidda
- Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment (HEHTA), Institute of Health and Wellbeing (IHW), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew T Kunzmann
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Dhayana Dallmeier
- Agaplesion Bethesda Clinic Ulm, Geriatric Centre Ulm/Alb-Donau, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Mark A Tully
- Centre for Health and Rehabilitation Technologies, Institute of Nursing and Health Research, School of Health Sciences, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, United Kingdom
- Institute of Mental Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, United Kingdom
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Avraham R, Simon-Tuval T, Van Dijk D. The effect of regulatory focus and time preference on the dual process of physical activity: A cross-sectional study among nurses. J Adv Nurs 2020; 76:1404-1415. [PMID: 32153039 DOI: 10.1111/jan.14348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To examine the dual process of physical activity adoption among nurses and its relationships with two personal orientations-regulatory focus-the tendency to focus on promotion (vs. prevention) goals and time preference as measured by delay discounting: the tendency to overvalue immediate rewards over long-term ones. BACKGROUND The dual process theory suggests that both conscious and non-conscious processes influence the adoption of physical activity. However, the role of regulatory focus and time preference in this process was not yet examined. DESIGN A cross-sectional online survey among 143 nurses during August-November 2017. METHODS Validated measures were used to estimate physical activity habit strength (a non-conscious process) and intention, planning and behaviour control (conscious processes), physical activity level, regulatory focus and time preference. Multivariable ordered logit and logistic models were specified to examine determinants of both processes. RESULTS Promotion focus was positively associated with having a strong habit of physical activity among nurses with moderate-to-low activity levels, but it was negatively associated with habit for active nurses. As for time preference, higher delay discounting was negatively associated with nurses' conscious intention to adopt physical activity and with their action planning. CONCLUSION Promotion focus and time preference are associated with both conscious and non-conscious processes of physical activity adoption among nurses and should be considered in future health promotion interventions targeted to this population. IMPACT Promotion focus and time preference have a significant role in this dual process. Enhancing physical activity of health providers by adjusting the intervention to personal orientations may improve public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinat Avraham
- Department of Nursing, Recanati School for Community Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel.,Department of Health Systems Management, Faculty of Health Sciences & Guilford Glazer Faculty of Business & Management, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel
| | - Tzahit Simon-Tuval
- Department of Health Systems Management, Faculty of Health Sciences & Guilford Glazer Faculty of Business & Management, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel
| | - Dina Van Dijk
- Department of Health Systems Management, Faculty of Health Sciences & Guilford Glazer Faculty of Business & Management, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel
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Rollo S, Prapavessis H. Sedentary Behaviour and Diabetes Information as a Source of Motivation to Reduce Daily Sitting Time in Office Workers: A Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2020; 12:449-470. [DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Scott Rollo
- The University of Western Ontario London Ontario Canada
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Poppe L, De Bourdeaudhuij I, Verloigne M, Shadid S, Van Cauwenberg J, Compernolle S, Crombez G. Efficacy of a Self-Regulation-Based Electronic and Mobile Health Intervention Targeting an Active Lifestyle in Adults Having Type 2 Diabetes and in Adults Aged 50 Years or Older: Two Randomized Controlled Trials. J Med Internet Res 2019; 21:e13363. [PMID: 31376274 PMCID: PMC6696857 DOI: 10.2196/13363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Adopting an active lifestyle plays a key role in the prevention and management of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Web-based interventions are able to alter health behaviors and show stronger effects when they are informed by a behavior change theory. MyPlan 2.0 is a fully automated electronic health (eHealth) and mobile health (mHealth) intervention targeting physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) based on the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA). Objective This study aimed to test the short-term effect of MyPlan 2.0 in altering levels of PA and SB and in changing personal determinants of behavior in adults with T2DM and in adults aged ≥50 years. Methods The study comprised two randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with an identical design. RCT 1 was conducted with adults with T2DM. RCT 2 was performed in adults aged ≥50 years. Data were collected via face-to-face assessments. The participants decided either to increase their level of PA or to decrease their level of SB. The participants were randomly allocated with a 2:1 ratio to the intervention group or the waiting-list control group. They were not blinded for their group allocation. The participants in the intervention group were instructed to go through MyPlan 2.0, comprising 5 sessions with an interval of 1 week between each session. The primary outcomes were objectively measured and self-reported PA (ie, light PA, moderate-to-vigorous PA, total PA, number of steps, and domain-specific [eg, transport-related] PA) and SB (ie, sitting time, number of breaks from sitting time, and length of sitting bouts). Secondary outcomes were self-reported behavioral determinants for PA and SB (eg, self-efficacy). Separate linear mixed models were performed to analyze the effects of MyPlan 2.0 in the two samples. Results In RCT 1 (n=54), the PA intervention group showed, in contrast to the control group, a decrease in self-reported time spent sitting (P=.09) and an increase in accelerometer-measured moderate (P=.05) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (P=.049). The SB intervention group displayed an increase in accelerometer-assessed breaks from sedentary time in comparison with the control group (P=.005). A total of 14 participants of RCT 1 dropped out. In RCT 2 (n=63), the PA intervention group showed an increase for self-reported total PA in comparison with the control group (P=.003). Furthermore, in contrast to the control group, the SB intervention group decreased their self-reported time spent sitting (P=.08) and increased their accelerometer-assessed moderate (P=.06) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (P=.07). A total of 8 participants of RCT 2 dropped out. Conclusions For both the samples, the HAPA-based eHealth and mHealth intervention, MyPlan 2.0, was able to improve only some of the primary outcomes. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03291171; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03291171. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03799146; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03799146. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR2-10.2196/12413
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Poppe
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Maïté Verloigne
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Samyah Shadid
- Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Sofie Compernolle
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Geert Crombez
- Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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