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Frieling T, Gjini B, Melchior I, Euler P, Kreysel C, Kalde S, Krummen B, Kiesslich R, Hemmerlein B. Gastrointestinal adverse reaction to food (GARF) and endoscopic confocal laser endomicroscopy (eCLE). ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GASTROENTEROLOGIE 2024; 62:1201-1206. [PMID: 38749460 DOI: 10.1055/a-2258-8509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS Gastrointestinal adverse reaction to food (GARF) is reported frequently in the general population and even more in patients with disorders of the gut brain axis. However, there is a significant difference between self-reported and objective proven GARF. The aim of the study was to characterize a mucosal correlate of GARF by endoscopic confocal laser endomicroscopy (eCLE) with duodenal food challenge (DFC). PATIENTS AND METHODS In an observational and proof of concept study we evaluated 71 patients with disorders of the gut brain axis without (group I, n=19) and with (group II, n=52) GARF by eCLE and DFC. Spontaneous and food induced transfer of fluorescein into duodenal lumen was detected 10 minutes following intravenously application of fluorescein and 10 minutes after DFC. RESULTS According to Rom IV, the patients (group I/II) could be classified as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) 32%/31%, functional abdominal pain without changes in bowel movement 47 %/48 %, functional abdominal bloating/distension 0 %/10 %, functional diarrhea 5 %/ 2 %, and unspecified functional bowel disorder 16 %/10 %, respectively. 21 %/27 % of the patients responded with a fluorescein leakage into the duodenal lumen before and 74 %/69 % following to DFC. Frequency rank order of food components that induced a response were soy (55.5 %/60 %), wheat (60 %/45.5 %), egg (35.7 %/8.3), milk (30 %/18.2 %) and yeast (10 %/6.6 %), respectively. Histology of duodenal biopsies, number, form and distribution of intraepithelial lymphocytes and mucosal mast cells as well as mast cell function were normal. Overall, 14 %/79 % reported main symptom benefit following a food exclusion therapy according to eCLE and DFC that was significant different between the groups. CONCLUSION The results of our study indicate that eCLE with DFC is a technique to clinically evaluate patients with disorders of the gut brain axis and GARF resulting in a high proportion of patients reporting symptom benefit upon food exclusion dietary advice focussed on the results of eCLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Frieling
- Medizinische Klinik II, HELIOS Klinikum Krefeld, Krefeld, Germany
| | - Besmir Gjini
- Medizinische Klinik II, HELIOS Klinikum Krefeld, Krefeld, Germany
| | - Ilka Melchior
- Medizinische Klinik II, HELIOS Klinikum Krefeld, Krefeld, Germany
| | - Philipp Euler
- Medizinische Klinik II, HELIOS Klinikum Krefeld, Krefeld, Germany
| | | | - Sigrid Kalde
- Medizinische Klinik II, HELIOS Klinikum Krefeld, Krefeld, Germany
| | - Britta Krummen
- Medizinische Klinik II, HELIOS Klinikum Krefeld, Krefeld, Germany
| | - Ralf Kiesslich
- Regional Medical Managing Director, Helios Dr. Horst Schmidt Kliniken Wiesbaden GmbH, Wiesbaden, Germany
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Armandi A, Schuppan D, Schattenberg JM. Letter: Breaking new ground-Understanding the role of ATI-free diet in managing MASLD-Authors' reply. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2024; 60:304-305. [PMID: 38860612 DOI: 10.1111/apt.18119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Armandi et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17941 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.18064
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Armandi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Metabolic Liver Disease Research Program, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Detlef Schuppan
- University Medical Center, Institute of Translational Immunology and Research Center for Immunotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
- Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jörn M Schattenberg
- Metabolic Liver Disease Research Program, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
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Armandi A, Schuppan D, Schattenberg JM. Editorial: Can dietary gluten restriction improve hepatic steatosis? Authors' reply. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2024; 59:1622-1623. [PMID: 38709121 DOI: 10.1111/apt.18025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Armandi et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17941 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17969.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Armandi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Metabolic Liver Disease Research Program, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Detlef Schuppan
- University Medical Center, Institute of Translational Immunology and Research Center for Immunotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jörn M Schattenberg
- Metabolic Liver Disease Research Program, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
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Armandi A, Bespaljko H, Mang A, Huber Y, Michel M, Labenz C, Galle PR, Neerukonda M, Bugianesi E, Schuppan D, Schattenberg JM. Short-term reduction of dietary gluten improves metabolic-dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease: A randomised, controlled proof-of-concept study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2024; 59:1212-1222. [PMID: 38462919 DOI: 10.1111/apt.17941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current management of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) relies on lifestyle intervention. Prior studies have shown that nutritional wheat amylase trypsin inhibitors (ATI) activate toll-like receptor 4 on intestinal myeloid cells to enhance intestinal and extra-intestinal inflammation, including the promotion of murine MASLD, insulin resistance and liver fibrosis. AIMS We aimed to assess the impact of ATI (gluten)-free diet in liver as well as metabolic parameters of biopsy-proven MASLD patients. METHODS We performed a 6-week, proof-of-concept 1:1 randomised controlled trial of an ATI-free diet. The controls followed a balanced diet recommended by the German Nutrition Society. We assessed changes in controlled attenuation parameter (CAP), body mass index (BMI) and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Patient-reported outcomes were assessed by the CLDQ-NASH questionnaire. Forty-five patients were consecutively enrolled (21 in the intervention arm and 24 in the control arm). RESULTS Three patients from each arm discontinued the study. In the ATI-free diet group, a significant decrease in BMI (p = 0.018), CAP (p = 0.018) and HOMA-IR (p = 0.042) was observed at 6 weeks. The mean difference in CAP between the two arms at week 6 was 30.5 dB/m (p = 0.039), with a delta significantly higher in the ATI-free diet group (p = 0.043). Only an ATI-free diet could achieve a significant improvement in CLDQ-NASH domains (p value for total scoring: 0.013). CONCLUSIONS A short-term ATI-free diet leads to significant improvements in liver and metabolic parameters, as well as patient-reported outcomes with good tolerability. A larger follow-up study is justified to corroborate these findings. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER NCT04066400.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Armandi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Metabolic Liver Disease Research Program, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Helena Bespaljko
- Metabolic Liver Disease Research Program, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Alexander Mang
- Metabolic Liver Disease Research Program, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Yvonne Huber
- Metabolic Liver Disease Research Program, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Maurice Michel
- Metabolic Liver Disease Research Program, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Christian Labenz
- Metabolic Liver Disease Research Program, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Peter R Galle
- Metabolic Liver Disease Research Program, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Manjusha Neerukonda
- University Medical Center, Institute of Translational Immunology and Research Center for Immunotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Elisabetta Bugianesi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Detlef Schuppan
- University Medical Center, Institute of Translational Immunology and Research Center for Immunotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jörn M Schattenberg
- Metabolic Liver Disease Research Program, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
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van Munster KN, Bergquist A, Ponsioen CY. Inflammatory bowel disease and primary sclerosing cholangitis: One disease or two? J Hepatol 2024; 80:155-168. [PMID: 37940453 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2023.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) was declared one of the biggest unmet needs in hepatology during International Liver Congress 2016 in Berlin. Since then, not much has changed unfortunately, largely due to the still elusive pathophysiology of the disease. One of the most striking features of PSC is its association with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), with the majority of patients with PSC being diagnosed with extensive colitis. This review describes the epidemiology of IBD in PSC, its specific phenotype, complications and potential pathophysiological mechanisms connecting the two diseases. Whether PSC is merely an extra-intestinal manifestation of IBD or if PSC and IBD are two distinct diseases that happen to share a common susceptibility that leads to a dual phenotype is debated. Implications for the management of the two diseases together are also discussed. Overall, this review summarises the available data in PSC-IBD and discusses whether PSC and IBD are one or two disease(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim N van Munster
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Annika Bergquist
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Division of Hepatology, Karolinska Institutet, Department of Upper GI Disease, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cyriel Y Ponsioen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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Jia J, Zheng W, Tang S, Song S, Ai C. Scytosiphon lomentaria fucoidan ameliorates DSS-induced colitis in dietary fiber-deficient mice via modulating the gut microbiota and inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB/MLCK pathway. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127337. [PMID: 37820918 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of ulcerative colitis (UC) poses a serious threat to human health. This study showed that fiber-deficient diet (FD) increased the susceptibility of mice to low dosage of DSS-induced UC, and a UC model was established by feeding mice with DSS and FD to evaluate the effect of Scytosiphon lomentaria fucoidan (SLF) on UC. SLF ameliorated the symptoms of UC, as evidenced by increases in colon length, goblet cells and glycoprotein and reduction in inflammatory cell infiltration and intestinal epithelial injury. SLF alleviated oxidative stress and inhibited colonic inflammation by reducing the levels of lipopolysaccharides and pro-inflammatory cytokines and suppressing the activation of nuclear factor kappa B pathway. SLF protected tight junction integrity by reducing the level of myosin light chain kinase and increasing the levels of claudin, zonula occludens-1 and occludin. SLF improved serum metabolites profile and affected multiple metabolic pathways that are crucial to human health, e.g. butanoate metabolism. The underlying mechanism can be associated with modulation of the gut microbiota and metabolites, including increases in short chain fatty acids and reduction in Proteobacteria, Bacteroides and Romboutsia. It suggests that SLF could be developed as a prebiotic polysaccharide to benefit human health by improving intestinal microecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Jia
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Weiyun Zheng
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Shuangru Tang
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Shuang Song
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China; National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Chunqing Ai
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China; National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China.
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Zevallos VF, Yogev N, Hauptmann J, Nikolaev A, Pickert G, Heib V, Fittler N, Steven S, Luessi F, Neerukonda M, Janoschka C, Tobinski AM, Klotz L, Waisman A, Schuppan D. Dietary wheat amylase trypsin inhibitors exacerbate CNS inflammation in experimental multiple sclerosis. Gut 2023; 73:92-104. [PMID: 37595983 PMCID: PMC10715558 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-329562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Wheat has become a main staple globally. We studied the effect of defined pro-inflammatory dietary proteins, wheat amylase trypsin inhibitors (ATI), activating intestinal myeloid cells via toll-like receptor 4, in experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE), a model of multiple sclerosis (MS). DESIGN EAE was induced in C57BL/6J mice on standardised dietary regimes with defined content of gluten/ATI. Mice received a gluten and ATI-free diet with defined carbohydrate and protein (casein/zein) content, supplemented with: (a) 25% of gluten and 0.75% ATI; (b) 25% gluten and 0.19% ATI or (c) 1.5% purified ATI. The effect of dietary ATI on clinical EAE severity, on intestinal, mesenteric lymph node, splenic and central nervous system (CNS) subsets of myeloid cells and lymphocytes was analysed. Activation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with MS and healthy controls was compared. RESULTS Dietary ATI dose-dependently caused significantly higher EAE clinical scores compared with mice on other dietary regimes, including on gluten alone. This was mediated by increased numbers and activation of pro-inflammatory intestinal, lymph node, splenic and CNS myeloid cells and of CNS-infiltrating encephalitogenic T-lymphocytes. Expectedly, ATI activated peripheral blood monocytes from both patients with MS and healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS Dietary wheat ATI activate murine and human myeloid cells. The amount of ATI present in an average human wheat-based diet caused mild intestinal inflammation, which was propagated to extraintestinal sites, leading to exacerbation of CNS inflammation and worsening of clinical symptoms in EAE. These results support the importance of the gut-brain axis in inflammatory CNS disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor F Zevallos
- Institute of Translational Immunology, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Applied and Health Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear, UK
| | - Nir Yogev
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, University of Cologne, Koln, Germany
| | - Judith Hauptmann
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Research Center for Immunotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Alexei Nikolaev
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Research Center for Immunotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Geethanjali Pickert
- Institute of Translational Immunology, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Research Center for Immunotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Valeska Heib
- Institute of Translational Immunology, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Research Center for Immunotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Nicola Fittler
- Institute of Translational Immunology, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Research Center for Immunotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sebastian Steven
- Department of Cardiology, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Felix Luessi
- Department of Neurology, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Manjusha Neerukonda
- Institute of Translational Immunology, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Research Center for Immunotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Ann-Marie Tobinski
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Luisa Klotz
- Neurology Department, University Hospital Munster, Munster, Germany
| | - Ari Waisman
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Research Center for Immunotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Detlef Schuppan
- Institute of Translational Immunology, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Liu J, Cai J, Fan P, Dong X, Zhang N, Tai J, Cao Y. Salidroside alleviates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice by modulating the gut microbiota. Food Funct 2023; 14:7506-7519. [PMID: 37504971 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo01929b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Dysbiosis causes continuous progress of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Herein, we aim to explore whether Salidroside (Sal), which is a major glycoside extracted from Rhodiola rosea L., could ameliorate dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis by modulating the microbiota. Results showed that oral treatment with 15 mg kg-1 of Sal inhibited DSS-induced colitis in mice as evidenced by colon length, histological analysis, disease activity index (DAI) score, and the proportion and number of macrophages in the intestine. The gut microbiota of colitic mice was also partly restored by Sal. A fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) study was designed to verify the causality. Compared with DSS-treated mice, FM from the Sal-treated donor mice significantly mitigated the symptoms of colitic mice, including reducing the DAI score, alleviating tissue damage, boosting the expression of mucin protein (mucin-2) and tight junction (TJ) proteins (occludin and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), and decreasing M1 macrophages in the gut. It was found that both Sal and FMT affected the structure and abundance of the gut microbiota as reflected by the decreased relative abundance of Turicibacter, Alistipes, Romboutsia and the increased relative abundance of Lactobacillus at the genus level. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory effect of Sal disappeared when the gut microbiota was depleted by antibiotics, demonstrating that Sal alleviated the intestinal inflammation in a gut microbiota-dependent manner. Thus, Sal could be a remarkable candidate as a functional food for colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuxi Liu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, 130062 Changchun, People's Republic of China.
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 510530 Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiapei Cai
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, 130062 Changchun, People's Republic of China.
| | - Peng Fan
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, 130062 Changchun, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xue Dong
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, 130062 Changchun, People's Republic of China.
| | - Naisheng Zhang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, 130062 Changchun, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiandong Tai
- Department of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 130021 Changchun, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yongguo Cao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, 130062 Changchun, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, 130062 Changchun, People's Republic of China
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Jacky D, Bibi C, Meng LMC, Jason F, Gwendoline T, Jeremy L, Wie CC. Effects of OsomeFood Clean Label plant-based meals on the gut microbiome. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:88. [PMID: 36997838 PMCID: PMC10061721 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02822-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant-based diets offer more beneficial microbes and can modulate gut microbiomes to improve human health. We evaluated the effects of the plant-based OsomeFood Clean Label meal range ('AWE' diet), on the human gut microbiome. METHODS Over 21 days, ten healthy participants consumed OsomeFood meals for five consecutive weekday lunches and dinners and resumed their regular diets for other days/meals. On follow-up days, participants completed questionnaires to record satiety, energy and health, and provided stool samples. To document microbiome variations and identify associations, species and functional pathway annotations were analyzed by shotgun sequencing. Shannon diversity and regular diet calorie intake subsets were also assessed. RESULTS Overweight participants gained more species and functional pathway diversity than normal BMI participants. Nineteen disease-associated species were suppressed in moderate-responders without gaining diversity, and in strong-responders with diversity gains along with health-associated species. All participants reported improved short-chain fatty acids production, insulin and γ-aminobutyric acid signaling. Moreover, fullness correlated positively with Bacteroides eggerthii; energetic status with B. uniformis, B. longum, Phascolarctobacterium succinatutens, and Eubacterium eligens; healthy status with Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Prevotella CAG 5226, Roseburia hominis, and Roseburia sp. CAG 182; and overall response with E. eligens and Corprococcus eutactus. Fiber consumption was negatively associated with pathogenic species. CONCLUSION Although the AWE diet was consumed for only five days a week, all participants, especially overweight ones, experienced improved fullness, health status, energy and overall responses. The AWE diet benefits all individuals, especially those of higher BMI or low-fiber consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dwiyanto Jacky
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Chong Chun Wie
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, 47500, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
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Hov JR. Editorial: dietary interventions to understand and treat primary sclerosing cholangitis-is gluten-free diet a starting point? Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2023; 57:265-266. [PMID: 36565005 DOI: 10.1111/apt.17326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes R Hov
- Norwegian PSC Research Center, Section of Gastroenterology and Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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