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Zevallos VF, Yogev N, Hauptmann J, Nikolaev A, Pickert G, Heib V, Fittler N, Steven S, Luessi F, Neerukonda M, Janoschka C, Tobinski AM, Klotz L, Waisman A, Schuppan D. Dietary wheat amylase trypsin inhibitors exacerbate CNS inflammation in experimental multiple sclerosis. Gut 2023; 73:92-104. [PMID: 37595983 PMCID: PMC10715558 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-329562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Wheat has become a main staple globally. We studied the effect of defined pro-inflammatory dietary proteins, wheat amylase trypsin inhibitors (ATI), activating intestinal myeloid cells via toll-like receptor 4, in experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE), a model of multiple sclerosis (MS). DESIGN EAE was induced in C57BL/6J mice on standardised dietary regimes with defined content of gluten/ATI. Mice received a gluten and ATI-free diet with defined carbohydrate and protein (casein/zein) content, supplemented with: (a) 25% of gluten and 0.75% ATI; (b) 25% gluten and 0.19% ATI or (c) 1.5% purified ATI. The effect of dietary ATI on clinical EAE severity, on intestinal, mesenteric lymph node, splenic and central nervous system (CNS) subsets of myeloid cells and lymphocytes was analysed. Activation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with MS and healthy controls was compared. RESULTS Dietary ATI dose-dependently caused significantly higher EAE clinical scores compared with mice on other dietary regimes, including on gluten alone. This was mediated by increased numbers and activation of pro-inflammatory intestinal, lymph node, splenic and CNS myeloid cells and of CNS-infiltrating encephalitogenic T-lymphocytes. Expectedly, ATI activated peripheral blood monocytes from both patients with MS and healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS Dietary wheat ATI activate murine and human myeloid cells. The amount of ATI present in an average human wheat-based diet caused mild intestinal inflammation, which was propagated to extraintestinal sites, leading to exacerbation of CNS inflammation and worsening of clinical symptoms in EAE. These results support the importance of the gut-brain axis in inflammatory CNS disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor F Zevallos
- Institute of Translational Immunology, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Applied and Health Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear, UK
| | - Nir Yogev
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, University of Cologne, Koln, Germany
| | - Judith Hauptmann
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Research Center for Immunotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Alexei Nikolaev
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Research Center for Immunotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Geethanjali Pickert
- Institute of Translational Immunology, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Research Center for Immunotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Valeska Heib
- Institute of Translational Immunology, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Research Center for Immunotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Nicola Fittler
- Institute of Translational Immunology, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Research Center for Immunotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sebastian Steven
- Department of Cardiology, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Felix Luessi
- Department of Neurology, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Manjusha Neerukonda
- Institute of Translational Immunology, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Research Center for Immunotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Ann-Marie Tobinski
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Luisa Klotz
- Neurology Department, University Hospital Munster, Munster, Germany
| | - Ari Waisman
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Research Center for Immunotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Detlef Schuppan
- Institute of Translational Immunology, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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LE TMU, Pantouli F, Nikolaev A. Pharmacological Targeting of Interferon-Related DNA Damage Resistant Signature (IRDS) and XRCC4-Mediated DNA Repair Pathways ss a Novel Therapeutic Approach to DIPG Radio-Sensitization. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e536. [PMID: 37785659 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Despite significant efforts to improve the outcomes of pediatric diffuse midline gliomas, such as diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), prognosis remains dismal with a 5-year survival of <1%. The standard of care treatment for DIPG is fractionated radiation, but the disease inevitably progresses in 6 months or less. There is a significant unmet need to improve the clinical outcomes for pediatric DIPG patients. Approximately 70-80% of DIPG tumors contain mutations in TP53 tumor suppressor protein. These TP53 mutations are associated with resistance to radiation treatments in DIPG patients. The mechanisms of increased radio-resistance of p53-mutant DIPG are poorly understood. The objective of this study was to identify novel pharmacological agents that would augment radiation sensitivity of p53 mutant DIPG cell lines, and to establish their molecular mechanism of action. MATERIALS/METHODS SF8628 pediatric DIPG cell line harboring p53 mutation was obtained from MilliporeSigma. CellRad benchtop X-ray irradiator (Precision X-Ray) was used for radiation sensitization experiments. Vi-CELL BLU cell viability analyzer was used for high-throughput screening of small molecule compound libraries with and without radiation treatments. Proteomics Core facility was utilized for mass spec analysis of protein targets of Compound-X. RESULTS To identify novel drug candidates that would sensitize DIPG to therapeutic radiation, we carried out an unbiased screen of curated libraries of small molecules with diverse scaffolds in p53 mutant DIPG cells. This radio-sensitization screen yielded a single molecule, Compound-X, that was found to have profound growth-inhibitory and radiation-sensitizing effects in DIPG cells. Compound-X was found to induce a robust cell cycle arrest of DIPG cells in G2/M, the most radio-sensitive phase of the cell cycle. Furthermore, Compound-X elicited a massive apoptotic cell death of DIPG cells. An unbiased RNA sequencing approach revealed that Compound-X inhibits expression of the Interferon-related DNA damage Resistant Signature (IRDS), a sub-group of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) known to promote radiation and chemotherapy resistance in high-grade gliomas. To identify the target of Compound-X, we carried out affinity purification of Compound-X associated complexes from p53 mutant DIPG cell lysates. Mass spectrometry analysis of Compound-X-purified protein complexes identified XRCC4 as a protein that uniquely associated with Compound-X. RNAi knock-down experiments revealed that XRCC4 is required for cytotoxic effects of Compound-X. Importantly, Compound-X-mediated XRCC4 targeting caused a delay in DNA DSBs repair after radiation treatment. CONCLUSION An unbiased screen of small molecule drug candidates identified a novel XRCC4-targeting agent, Compound-X, as potent radiation sensitizer in p53 mutant DIPG cells. This work may lead to clinical trials investigating novel XRCC4-targeting agent in pediatric patients with DIPG.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M U LE
- Florida Research and Innovation Center, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Port St. Lucie, FL
| | - F Pantouli
- Florida Research and Innovation Center, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Port St. Lucie, FL
| | - A Nikolaev
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cleveland Clinic Florida Research and Innovation Center, Port St. Lucie, FL
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Vuong W, Gupta S, Weight C, Almassi N, Nikolaev A, Tendulkar RD, Scott JG, Chan TA, Mian OY. Trial in Progress: Adaptive RADiation Therapy with Concurrent Sacituzumab Govitecan (SG) for Bladder Preservation in Patients with MIBC (RAD-SG). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e447-e448. [PMID: 37785443 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) A substantial proportion of patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer do not receive curative intent therapy, especially if unfit for or refuse radical cystectomy. Concurrent chemoradiation is an effective alternative to radical cystectomy, however systemic radio-sensitizing chemotherapy may have off target side effects. A Phase I study is accruing which will investigate the concurrent administration of a bladder cancer targeted antibody drug conjugate (Sacituzumab Govitecan) with radiotherapy. MATERIALS/METHODS This trial in progress is a Phase I study of Adaptive RADiation therapy with concurrent Sacituzumab Govitecan (SG) for bladder preservation in patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Eligible patients will have localized muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) confined to the bladder. The initial cohort is expected to accrue 20 patients. The primary endpoint is to establish the safety, tolerability, and feasibility of bladder preservation therapy treatment with concurrent SG and adaptive image-guided radiation therapy for patients with localized MIBC. The secondary endpoints are to determine the bladder intact event-free survival (BI-EFS) with concurrent SG and radiation therapy for MIBC and compare to historical controls with other concurrent chemoradiation regimens. BI-EFS is defined as the time from treatment to the first documented occurrence of residual/recurrent MIBC, nodal or distant metastases on imaging, radical cystectomy, or death from any cause. Sacituzumab Govitecan targets TROP-2, a surface protein expressed in urothelial cancers of the bladder. SG will be delivered IV, 10 mg/kg, 21-day cycles for 1 loading cycle prior to radiation and two subsequent cycles with concurrent adaptive radiotherapy over a period of 6 weeks (64 Gy). Correlative objectives (Supported by NCI/NIH U54) and will involve 1) elucidation of the genetic and microenvironmental mechanisms that drive efficacy and resistance to combined ADC plus radiation therapy and 2) characterization of tumor clonal dynamics, immune repertoire editing, and imaging changes following treatment with SG plus radiation. RESULTS To be determined. CONCLUSION To be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Vuong
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH
| | - S Gupta
- Dept of Solid Tumor Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - C Weight
- Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - N Almassi
- Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - A Nikolaev
- Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL, United States
| | - R D Tendulkar
- Dept of Radiation Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | | | - T A Chan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - O Y Mian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
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Chernookov A, Ramishvili V, Dolgov S, Nikolaev A, Atayan A, Belykh E. [ACTUAL STRATEGY OF TREATMENT VARICOSE VEINS RECURRENCE AFTER ENDOVENOUS INTERVENTIONS]. Georgian Med News 2021:26-33. [PMID: 34103425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study is to substantiate the surgical treatment tactics of recurrence varicose veins after endovenous interventions. Early and long-term results of the treatment, quality of life of patients with recurrence of varicose veins were studied. Among the admitted patients, there were 55 (65.5%) women and 29 (34.5%) men, the age of patients varied from 19 to 76 years. Of these, 9 patients underwent crossectomy, endovenous laser coagulation - 22, various stripping options - 4, echosclerotherapy - 20, intraoperative catheter sclerobliteration - 1, ligation of perforating veins - 28 patients. The choice of the treatment method depends on the data of duplex angioscanning, the source of recurrence, the diameter and length of the varicose veins. In the early postoperative period 18 (22.6%) patients had complications and side effects. Most often hyperpigmentation and neurological disorders developed, which were observed in 8 (9.5%) and 7 (8.3%) cases. 2 (2.4%) patients had a slightly painful dense cord after endovenous laser coagulation. 1 (1.2%) patient had a lymphocele in the inguinal incision area. This complication was eliminated by use of the puncture treatment method. Long-term results in terms of 1 to 3 years were studied in 82 (97.6%) patients. In the long-term period, 1 (1.2%) patient noted the varicose veins recurrence due to neovasculogenesis in the groin. The patient underwent micro-foam echosclerotherapy. Patient`s quality of life was studied by using the CIVIQ2 questionnaire before and 1 year after treatment. It was found that 4 main indicators of the quality of life in the long-term period improved by 35.6-48.8% of the preoperative values. At the same time, the most significant positive dynamics of psychological (48.8%) and pain (47.1%) factors was observed. The results justify the need for a differentiated approach, taking into account the individual characteristics of the disease, as well as the expediency of using minimally invasive techniques in patients with varicose veins recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Chernookov
- 1Moscow State University of Food Production, Department of Damage Sorgery; 2Center of Phlebology, Moscow; Russian Federation
| | - V Ramishvili
- 3Federal State Budgetary Institution «N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology» оf the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (N.N. Blokhin NMRCO); Russian Federation
| | - S Dolgov
- 2Center of Phlebology, Moscow; Russian Federation
| | - A Nikolaev
- 4Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Russian Federation
| | - A Atayan
- 4Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Russian Federation
| | - E Belykh
- 4Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Russian Federation
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Regen T, Isaac S, Amorim A, Núñez NG, Hauptmann J, Shanmugavadivu A, Klein M, Sankowski R, Mufazalov IA, Yogev N, Huppert J, Wanke F, Witting M, Grill A, Gálvez EJC, Nikolaev A, Blanfeld M, Prinz I, Schmitt-Kopplin P, Strowig T, Reinhardt C, Prinz M, Bopp T, Becher B, Ubeda C, Waisman A. IL-17 controls central nervous system autoimmunity through the intestinal microbiome. Sci Immunol 2021; 6:6/56/eaaz6563. [PMID: 33547052 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aaz6563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-17A- (IL-17A) and IL-17F-producing CD4+ T helper cells (TH17 cells) are implicated in the development of chronic inflammatory diseases, such as multiple sclerosis and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). TH17 cells also orchestrate leukocyte invasion of the central nervous system (CNS) and subsequent tissue damage. However, the role of IL-17A and IL-17F as effector cytokines is still confused with the encephalitogenic function of the cells that produce these cytokines, namely, TH17 cells, fueling a long-standing debate in the neuroimmunology field. Here, we demonstrated that mice deficient for IL-17A/F lose their susceptibility to EAE, which correlated with an altered composition of their gut microbiota. However, loss of IL-17A/F in TH cells did not diminish their encephalitogenic capacity. Reconstitution of a wild-type-like intestinal microbiota or reintroduction of IL-17A specifically into the gut epithelium of IL-17A/F-deficient mice reestablished their susceptibility to EAE. Thus, our data demonstrated that IL-17A and IL-17F are not encephalitogenic mediators but rather modulators of intestinal homeostasis that indirectly alter CNS-directed autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommy Regen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sandrine Isaac
- Department of Genomics and Health, Center for Advanced Research in Public Health, FISABIO, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Amorim
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Judith Hauptmann
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Arthi Shanmugavadivu
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthias Klein
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Roman Sankowski
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Berta-Ottenstein-Program for Clinician Scientists, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ilgiz A Mufazalov
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Nir Yogev
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jula Huppert
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Florian Wanke
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Michael Witting
- Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany.,Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexandra Grill
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Eric J C Gálvez
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Alexei Nikolaev
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Michaela Blanfeld
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Immo Prinz
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin
- Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany.,Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Till Strowig
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Christoph Reinhardt
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Marco Prinz
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Signaling Research Centers BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Center for NeuroModulation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Bopp
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Burkhard Becher
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Carles Ubeda
- Department of Genomics and Health, Center for Advanced Research in Public Health, FISABIO, Valencia, Spain.,Center of Biomedical Research Network (CIBER), Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ari Waisman
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany. .,Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Nikolaev A, Fiveash J, Yang E. Dual Targeting Of Mutant p53 Protein And Jumonji Family Histone Demethylase Sensitizes H3K27M Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma Cells To Radiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.1661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Safarian S, Hahn A, Mills DJ, Radloff M, Eisinger ML, Nikolaev A, Meier-Credo J, Melin F, Miyoshi H, Gennis RB, Sakamoto J, Langer JD, Hellwig P, Kühlbrandt W, Michel H. Active site rearrangement and structural divergence in prokaryotic respiratory oxidases. Science 2019; 366:100-104. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aay0967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome bd–type quinol oxidases catalyze the reduction of molecular oxygen to water in the respiratory chain of many human-pathogenic bacteria. They are structurally unrelated to mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidases and are therefore a prime target for the development of antimicrobial drugs. We determined the structure of theEscherichia colicytochrome bd-I oxidase by single-particle cryo–electron microscopy to a resolution of 2.7 angstroms. Our structure contains a previously unknown accessory subunit CydH, the L-subfamily–specific Q-loop domain, a structural ubiquinone-8 cofactor, an active-site density interpreted as dioxygen, distinct water-filled proton channels, and an oxygen-conducting pathway. Comparison with another cytochrome bd oxidase reveals structural divergence in the family, including rearrangement of high-spin hemes and conformational adaption of a transmembrane helix to generate a distinct oxygen-binding site.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Safarian
- Department of Molecular Membrane Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, D-60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - A. Hahn
- Department of Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, D-60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - D. J. Mills
- Department of Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, D-60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - M. Radloff
- Department of Molecular Membrane Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, D-60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - M. L. Eisinger
- Department of Molecular Membrane Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, D-60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - A. Nikolaev
- Laboratoire de Bioélectrochimie et Spectroscopie, UMR 7140, Chimie de la Matière Complexe, Université de Strasbourg-CNRS, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - J. Meier-Credo
- Department of Molecular Membrane Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, D-60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - F. Melin
- Laboratoire de Bioélectrochimie et Spectroscopie, UMR 7140, Chimie de la Matière Complexe, Université de Strasbourg-CNRS, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - H. Miyoshi
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - R. B. Gennis
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - J. Sakamoto
- Department of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kawazu 680-4, Iizuka, Fukuoka-ken 820-8502, Japan
| | - J. D. Langer
- Department of Molecular Membrane Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, D-60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - P. Hellwig
- Laboratoire de Bioélectrochimie et Spectroscopie, UMR 7140, Chimie de la Matière Complexe, Université de Strasbourg-CNRS, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Study, Strasbourg, France
| | - W. Kühlbrandt
- Department of Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, D-60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - H. Michel
- Department of Molecular Membrane Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, D-60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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Nikolaev A, Zeng L, Bonner J, Yang E. Pharmacological Reactivation of Mutant p53 Sensitizes Tumor Cells to Radiation by Triggering Caspase-Independent Ferroptosis Pathway. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Serr I, Scherm MG, Zahm AM, Schug J, Flynn VK, Hippich M, Kälin S, Becker M, Achenbach P, Nikolaev A, Gerlach K, Liebsch N, Loretz B, Lehr CM, Kirchner B, Spornraft M, Haase B, Segars J, Küper C, Palmisano R, Waisman A, Willis RA, Kim WU, Weigmann B, Kaestner KH, Ziegler AG, Daniel C. A miRNA181a/NFAT5 axis links impaired T cell tolerance induction with autoimmune type 1 diabetes. Sci Transl Med 2019; 10:10/422/eaag1782. [PMID: 29298866 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aag1782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Molecular checkpoints that trigger the onset of islet autoimmunity or progression to human type 1 diabetes (T1D) are incompletely understood. Using T cells from children at an early stage of islet autoimmunity without clinical T1D, we find that a microRNA181a (miRNA181a)-mediated increase in signal strength of stimulation and costimulation links nuclear factor of activated T cells 5 (NFAT5) with impaired tolerance induction and autoimmune activation. We show that enhancing miRNA181a activity increases NFAT5 expression while inhibiting FOXP3+ regulatory T cell (Treg) induction in vitro. Accordingly, Treg induction is improved using T cells from NFAT5 knockout (NFAT5ko) animals, whereas altering miRNA181a activity does not affect Treg induction in NFAT5ko T cells. Moreover, high costimulatory signals result in phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-mediated NFAT5, which interferes with FoxP3+ Treg induction. Blocking miRNA181a or NFAT5 increases Treg induction in murine and humanized models and reduces murine islet autoimmunity in vivo. These findings suggest targeting miRNA181a and/or NFAT5 signaling for the development of innovative personalized medicines to limit islet autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Serr
- Group Immune Tolerance in Type 1 Diabetes, Institute for Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin G Scherm
- Group Immune Tolerance in Type 1 Diabetes, Institute for Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Adam M Zahm
- Department of Genetics and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jonathan Schug
- Department of Genetics and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Victoria K Flynn
- Group Immune Tolerance in Type 1 Diabetes, Institute for Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Markus Hippich
- Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute for Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie Kälin
- Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München and Division of Metabolic Diseases, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Maike Becker
- Group Immune Tolerance in Type 1 Diabetes, Institute for Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Peter Achenbach
- Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute for Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexei Nikolaev
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Universitätsmedizin der Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz, Germany
| | - Katharina Gerlach
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Kussmaul Campus for Medical Research, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nicole Liebsch
- Department of Drug Delivery, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Hemholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Brigitta Loretz
- Department of Drug Delivery, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Hemholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Claus-Michael Lehr
- Department of Drug Delivery, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Hemholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarbrücken, Germany.,Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Benedikt Kirchner
- Physiology Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Melanie Spornraft
- Physiology Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Bettina Haase
- Genomics Core Facility, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - James Segars
- John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Christoph Küper
- Department of Physiology, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ralf Palmisano
- Optical Imaging Centre Erlangen, University Erlangen, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ari Waisman
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Universitätsmedizin der Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz, Germany
| | - Richard A Willis
- Emory Vaccine Center, NIH Tetramer Core Facility, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Wan-Uk Kim
- Postech-Catholic Biomedical Engineering Institute, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Benno Weigmann
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Kussmaul Campus for Medical Research, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Klaus H Kaestner
- Department of Genetics and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Anette-Gabriele Ziegler
- Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute for Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Carolin Daniel
- Group Immune Tolerance in Type 1 Diabetes, Institute for Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany. .,Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
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10
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Ostermann AL, Wunderlich CM, Schneiders L, Vogt MC, Woeste MA, Belgardt BF, Niessen CM, Martiny B, Schauss AC, Frommolt P, Nikolaev A, Hövelmeyer N, Sears RC, Koch PJ, Günzel D, Brüning JC, Wunderlich FT. Intestinal insulin/IGF1 signalling through FoxO1 regulates epithelial integrity and susceptibility to colon cancer. Nat Metab 2019; 1:371-389. [PMID: 32694718 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-019-0037-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Obesity promotes the development of insulin resistance and increases the incidence of colitis-associated cancer (CAC), but whether a blunted insulin action specifically in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) affects CAC is unknown. Here, we show that obesity impairs insulin sensitivity in IECs and that mice with IEC-specific inactivation of the insulin and IGF1 receptors exhibit enhanced CAC development as a consequence of impaired restoration of gut barrier function. Blunted insulin signalling retains the transcription factor FOXO1 in the nucleus to inhibit expression of Dsc3, thereby impairing desmosome formation and epithelial integrity. Both IEC-specific nuclear FoxO1ADA expression and IEC-specific Dsc3 inactivation recapitulate the impaired intestinal integrity and increased CAC burden. Spontaneous colonic tumour formation and compromised intestinal integrity are also observed upon IEC-specific coexpression of FoxO1ADA and a stable Myc variant, thus suggesting a molecular mechanism through which impaired insulin action and nuclear FOXO1 in IECs promotes CAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Ostermann
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne, Germany
- Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEDP), Cologne, Germany
| | - C M Wunderlich
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne, Germany
- Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEDP), Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Cologne, Germany
| | - L Schneiders
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - M C Vogt
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - M A Woeste
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - B F Belgardt
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Cologne, Germany
- German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - C M Niessen
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Cologne, Germany
| | - B Martiny
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne, Germany
| | - A C Schauss
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne, Germany
| | - P Frommolt
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne, Germany
| | - A Nikolaev
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Hospital Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - N Hövelmeyer
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Hospital Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - R C Sears
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - P J Koch
- Department of Dermatology, Charles C. Gates Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology Program, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - D Günzel
- Institute for Clinical Physiology, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - J C Brüning
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne, Germany
- Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEDP), Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Cologne, Germany
| | - F T Wunderlich
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Cologne, Germany.
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne, Germany.
- Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEDP), Cologne, Germany.
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11
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Tang Y, Reissig S, Glasmacher E, Regen T, Wanke F, Nikolaev A, Gerlach K, Popp V, Karram K, Fantini MC, Schattenberg JM, Galle PR, Neurath MF, Weigmann B, Kurschus FC, Hövelmeyer N, Waisman A. Alternative Splice Forms of CYLD Mediate Ubiquitination of SMAD7 to Prevent TGFB Signaling and Promote Colitis. Gastroenterology 2019; 156:692-707.e7. [PMID: 30315770 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2018.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The CYLD lysine 63 deubiquitinase gene (CYLD) encodes tumor suppressor protein that is mutated in familial cylindromatosus, and variants have been associated with Crohn disease (CD). Splice forms of CYLD that lack exons 7 and 8 regulate transcription factors and functions of immune cells. We examined the expression of splice forms of CYLD in colon tissues from patients with CD and their effects in mice. METHODS We performed immunohistochemical analyses of colon tissues from patients with untreated CD and patients without inflammatory bowel diseases (controls). We obtained mice that expressed splice forms of CYLD (sCYLD mice) without or with SMAD7 (sCYLD/SMAD7 mice) from transgenes and CYLD-knockout mice (with or without transgenic expression of SMAD7) and performed endoscopic analyses. Colitis was induced in Rag1-/- mice by transfer of CD4+ CD62L+ T cells from C57/Bl6 or transgenic mice. T cells were isolated from mice and analyzed by flow cytometry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and intestinal tissues were analyzed by histology and immunohistochemistry. CYLD forms were expressed in mouse embryonic fibroblasts, primary T cells, and HEK293T cells, which were analyzed by immunoblot, mobility shift, and immunoprecipitation assays. RESULTS The colonic lamina propria from patients with CD was infiltrated by T cells and had higher levels of sCYLD (but not full-length CYLD) and SMAD7 than tissues from controls. Incubation of mouse embryonic fibroblasts and T cells with transforming growth factor β increased their production of sCYLD and decreased full-length CYLD. Transgenic expression of sCYLD and SMAD7 in T cells prevented the differentiation of regulatory T cells and T-helper type 17 cells and increased the differentiation of T-helper type 1 cells. The same effects were observed in colon tissues from sCYLD/SMAD7 mice but not in those from CYLD-knockout SMAD7 mice. The sCYLD mice had significant increases in the numbers of T-helper type 1 cells and CD44high CD62Llow memory-effector CD4+ T cells in the spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes compared with wild-type mice; sCYLD/SMAD7 mice had even larger increases. The sCYLD/SMAD7 mice spontaneously developed severe colitis, with infiltration of the colon by dendritic cells, neutrophils, macrophages, and CD4+ T cells and increased levels of Ifng, Il6, Il12a, Il23a, and Tnf mRNAs. Co-transfer of regulatory T cells from wild-type, but not from sCYLD/SMAD7, mice prevented the induction of colitis in Rag1-/- mice by CD4+ T cells. We found increased levels of poly-ubiquitinated SMAD7 in sCYLD CD4+ T cells. CYLD formed a nuclear complex with SMAD3, whereas sCYLD recruited SMAD7 to the nucleus, which inhibited the expression of genes regulated by SMAD3 and SMAD4. We found that sCYLD mediated lysine 63-linked ubiquitination of SMAD7. The sCYLD-SMAD7 complex inhibited transforming growth factor β signaling in CD4+ T cells. CONCLUSIONS Levels of the spliced form of CYLD are increased in colon tissues from patients with CD. sCYLD mediates ubiquitination and nuclear translocation of SMAD7 and thereby decreases transforming growth factor β signaling in T cells. This prevents immune regulatory mechanisms and leads to colitis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilang Tang
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sonja Reissig
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Elke Glasmacher
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Garching, Germany
| | - Tommy Regen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Florian Wanke
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Alexei Nikolaev
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Katharina Gerlach
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Erlangen, University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Vanessa Popp
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Erlangen, University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Khalad Karram
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Massimo C Fantini
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Jörn M Schattenberg
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Peter R Galle
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Markus F Neurath
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Erlangen, University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Benno Weigmann
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Erlangen, University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Florian C Kurschus
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Nadine Hövelmeyer
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ari Waisman
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
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12
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Nikolaev A, Zeng L, Spencer S, Bonner J, Yang E. A Computational Approach to Discovery of Novel Mutant p53 Reactivating Molecules As Targeted Radio-Sensitizing Agents for Head and Neck Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.07.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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13
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Bornyakov V, Boyda D, Goy V, Molochkov A, Nakamura A, Nikolaev A, Zakharov V. Lattice Study of QCD Phase Structure by Canonical Approach. EPJ Web Conf 2018. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201817507033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The canonical approach is a powerful tool to circumvent sign problem in LQCD. Although it has its own difficulties it provides opportunity to determine QCD phase transition line. Using improved Wilson fermions we calculated number density at nonzero imaginary chemical potential for confinement and deconfinement phases, restored canonical partition functions Zn and did extrapolation into the real chemical potential region. We computed the higher moments of the baryon number including the kurtosis, and compared our results with information from relativistic heavy ion collision experiments.
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14
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Bornyakov V, Boyda D, Goy V, Molochkov A, Nakamura A, Nikolaev A, Zakharov V. Restoring canonical partition functions from imaginary chemical potential. EPJ Web Conf 2018. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201817507027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Using GPGPU techniques and multi-precision calculation we developed the code to study QCD phase transition line in the canonical approach. The canonical approach is a powerful tool to investigate sign problem in Lattice QCD. The central part of the canonical approach is the fugacity expansion of the grand canonical partition functions. Canonical partition functions Zn(T) are coefficients of this expansion. Using various methods we study properties of Zn(T). At the last step we perform cubic spline for temperature dependence of Zn(T) at fixed n and compute baryon number susceptibility χB/T2 as function of temperature. After that we compute numerically ∂χ/∂T and restore crossover line in QCD phase diagram. We use improved Wilson fermions and Iwasaki gauge action on the 163 × 4 lattice with mπ/mρ = 0.8 as a sandbox to check the canonical approach. In this framework we obtain coefficient in parametrization of crossover line Tc(µ2B) = Tc(C−ĸµ2B/T2c) with ĸ = −0.0453 ± 0.0099.
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15
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Petrova OV, Nekipelov SV, Sivkov DV, Mingaleva AE, Nikolaev A, Frank-Kamenetskaya OV, Bazhenov VV, Vyalikh DV, Molodtsov SL, Sivkov VN, Ehrlich H. Comparative NEXAFS study of the selected icefish hard tissues and hydroxyapatite. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/917/4/042001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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16
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Nikolaev A, Benda R, Shang C, Kasper M, Williams T. SBRT Dose Escalation for Distinct Histopathological Types of Early-Stage NSCLC: Relevance for Loco-Regional Control. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.1765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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17
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Reissig S, Nikolaev A, Weigmann B, Gerlach K, Glasmacher E, Hövelmeyer N, Waisman A. The transcriptional regulator Bcl-3 impaires the function of regulatory T cells leading to the development of intestinal inflammation. The Journal of Immunology 2016. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.196.supp.118.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The oncoprotein and transcription factor Bcl-3 (B cell leukemia-3) is a member of the IκB family of NF-κB inhibitors and was originally identified as a component of a chromosomal rearrangement in some B cell lymphomas. In contrast to other IκB proteins, Bcl-3 associates with p50 and p52 homodimers and is predominantly a nuclear protein involved in regulating nuclear NF-κB activity.
We could demonstrate that Bcl-3 plays a crucial role in the maintenance of Treg function as well as in the development of IBD. Data of patient cohorts illustrate that Bcl-3 expression levels correlate with activity of disease. Treatment of IBD patients with anti-TNFa therapy significantly reduced the expression of Bcl-3. To assess the role of Bcl-3 in IBD, we generated mice that overexpress Bcl-3 solely in T cells. Interestingly, these mice develop severe spontaneous colitis. This intestinal inflammation was not mediated by CD4+ T cells, which even display memory formation defects. Instead, we found that the development of disease is caused by an impaired function of Tregs and demonstrate that Bcl-3 regulates NF-κB activity intrinsically in Tregs. Our data emphasize a novel pathway in the maintenance of viability and suppressive function of Tregs in the gut that critically involves Bcl-3 as a negative regulator, qualifying this protein as an interesting pharmacological target for the treatment of IBD.
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18
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Reissig S, Nikolaev A, Waisman A, Hoevelmeyer N. The transcriptional regulator Bcl-3 impaires the function of regulatory T cells leading to the development of intestinal inflammation (BA6P.131). The Journal of Immunology 2015. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.194.supp.114.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The oncoprotein and transcription factor Bcl-3 (B cell leukemia-3) is a member of the IkB family of NF-κB inhibitors and was originally identified as a component of a chromosomal rearrangement in some B cell lymphomas. In contrast to other IkB proteins, Bcl-3 associates with p50 and p52 homodimers and is predominantly a nuclear protein involved in regulating nuclear NF-kB activity. To understand more about the effects of Bcl-3 on T cells, we have generated a new mouse model, where Bcl-3 is overexpressed specifically in T cells. We could show that mice overexpressing Bcl-3 solely in T cells developed spontaneous colitis accompanied by a massive cell infiltration into the colon. Interestingly, the TCRgd+ T cell population was dramatically increased in the colonic IEL population of the Bcl-3 overexpressing mice. By examing Tregs in these mice, we found that overexpression of Bcl-3 strongly impairs Treg cell function, which was accompanied by decreased expression of CD25, Foxp3 and the co-inhibitory molecule CTLA-4. Hence, the loss of suppression of Bcl-3 overexpressing Tregs might result in the development of severe spontaneous colitis. Our data emphasize a novel pathway in the maintenance of viability and suppressive function of Tregs in the gut that critically involves Bcl-3 as a negative regulator, qualifying this protein as an interesting pharmacological target for the treatment of IBD.
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19
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Martel PP, Miskimen R, Aguar-Bartolome P, Ahrens J, Akondi CS, Annand JRM, Arends HJ, Barnes W, Beck R, Bernstein A, Borisov N, Braghieri A, Briscoe WJ, Cherepnya S, Collicott C, Costanza S, Denig A, Dieterle M, Downie EJ, Fil'kov LV, Garni S, Glazier DI, Gradl W, Gurevich G, Hall Barrientos P, Hamilton D, Hornidge D, Howdle D, Huber GM, Jude TC, Kaeser A, Kashevarov VL, Keshelashvili I, Kondratiev R, Korolija M, Krusche B, Lazarev A, Lisin V, Livingston K, MacGregor IJD, Mancell J, Manley DM, Meyer W, Middleton DG, Mushkarenkov A, Nefkens BMK, Neganov A, Nikolaev A, Oberle M, Ortega Spina H, Ostrick M, Ott P, Otte PB, Oussena B, Pedroni P, Polonski A, Polyansky V, Prakhov S, Rajabi A, Reicherz G, Rostomyan T, Sarty A, Schrauf S, Schumann S, Sikora MH, Starostin A, Steffen O, Strakovsky II, Strub T, Supek I, Thiel M, Tiator L, Thomas A, Unverzagt M, Usov Y, Watts DP, Witthauer L, Werthmüller D, Wolfes M. Measurements of double-polarized compton scattering asymmetries and extraction of the proton spin polarizabilities. Phys Rev Lett 2015; 114:112501. [PMID: 25839263 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.112501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The spin polarizabilities of the nucleon describe how the spin of the nucleon responds to an incident polarized photon. The most model-independent way to extract the nucleon spin polarizabilities is through polarized Compton scattering. Double-polarized Compton scattering asymmetries on the proton were measured in the Δ(1232) region using circularly polarized incident photons and a transversely polarized proton target at the Mainz Microtron. Fits to asymmetry data were performed using a dispersion model calculation and a baryon chiral perturbation theory calculation, and a separation of all four proton spin polarizabilities in the multipole basis was achieved. The analysis based on a dispersion model calculation yields γ(E1E1)=-3.5±1.2, γ(M1M1)=3.16±0.85, γ(E1M2)=-0.7±1.2, and γ(M1E2)=1.99±0.29, in units of 10(-4) fm(4).
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Affiliation(s)
- P P Martel
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Physics, Mount Allison University, Sackville, New Brunswick E4L 1E6, Canada
| | - R Miskimen
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | | | - J Ahrens
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C S Akondi
- Department of Physics, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - J R M Annand
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - H J Arends
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - W Barnes
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - R Beck
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - A Bernstein
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - N Borisov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | | | - W J Briscoe
- Department of Physics, The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - S Cherepnya
- Lebedev Physical Institute, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - C Collicott
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
- Department of Astronomy and Physics, Saint Marys University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3C3, Canada
| | - S Costanza
- INFN Sezione di Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - A Denig
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - M Dieterle
- Departement Physik, Universität Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - E J Downie
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics, The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - L V Fil'kov
- Lebedev Physical Institute, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - S Garni
- Departement Physik, Universität Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - D I Glazier
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
- School of Physics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - W Gradl
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - G Gurevich
- Institute for Nuclear Research, 125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - P Hall Barrientos
- School of Physics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - D Hamilton
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - D Hornidge
- Department of Physics, Mount Allison University, Sackville, New Brunswick E4L 1E6, Canada
| | - D Howdle
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - G M Huber
- Department of Physics, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - T C Jude
- School of Physics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - A Kaeser
- Departement Physik, Universität Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - I Keshelashvili
- Departement Physik, Universität Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - R Kondratiev
- Institute for Nuclear Research, 125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - M Korolija
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - B Krusche
- Departement Physik, Universität Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - A Lazarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - V Lisin
- Institute for Nuclear Research, 125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - K Livingston
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - I J D MacGregor
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - J Mancell
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - D M Manley
- Department of Physics, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - W Meyer
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Ruhr-Universität, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - D G Middleton
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Physics, Mount Allison University, Sackville, New Brunswick E4L 1E6, Canada
| | - A Mushkarenkov
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - B M K Nefkens
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1547, USA
| | - A Neganov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - A Nikolaev
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - M Oberle
- Departement Physik, Universität Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - H Ortega Spina
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - M Ostrick
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - P Ott
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - P B Otte
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - B Oussena
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - P Pedroni
- INFN Sezione di Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - A Polonski
- Institute for Nuclear Research, 125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - V Polyansky
- Lebedev Physical Institute, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - S Prakhov
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Physics, The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1547, USA
| | - A Rajabi
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - G Reicherz
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Ruhr-Universität, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - T Rostomyan
- Departement Physik, Universität Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - A Sarty
- Department of Astronomy and Physics, Saint Marys University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3C3, Canada
| | - S Schrauf
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - S Schumann
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - M H Sikora
- School of Physics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - A Starostin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1547, USA
| | - O Steffen
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - I I Strakovsky
- Department of Physics, The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - T Strub
- Departement Physik, Universität Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - I Supek
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - M Thiel
- II. Physikalisches Institut, Universität Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - L Tiator
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - A Thomas
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - M Unverzagt
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Y Usov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - D P Watts
- School of Physics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - L Witthauer
- Departement Physik, Universität Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - D Werthmüller
- Departement Physik, Universität Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - M Wolfes
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
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Nikolaev A, Kozlov MN, Kevbrina MV, Dorofeev AG, Pimenov NV, Kallistova AY, Grachev VA, Kazakova EA, Zharkov AV, Kuznetsov BB, Patutina EO, Bumazhkin BK. [Candidatus "Jettenia moscovienalis" sp. nov., a New Species of Bacteria Carrying out Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation]. Mikrobiologiia 2015; 84:236-243. [PMID: 26263630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A new species of bacteria oxidizing ammonium with nitrite under anoxic conditions was isolated from the activated sludge of a semi-industrial bioreactor treating digested sludge of the Kuryanovo wastewater treatment plant (Moscow, Russia). Physiological, morphological, and molecular genetic characterization of the isolate was carried out. The cells were ovoid (-0.5 x 0.8 μm), with the intracellular membrane structures characteristic of anammox bacteria (anammoxosome and paryphoplasm); unlike other anammox bacteria, it possessed extensive intracellular membrane structures located in layers parallel to the cytoplasmic membrane, but never close to the anammoxosome. The cells formed aggregates 5-28 μm in diameter and readily attached to solid surfaces. The cells were morphologically labile, easily plasmolyzed, and lost their content. Doubling time was 28 days, μ(max) = 0.025 day(-1); optimal temperature and pH for growth were 20-45 degrees C and 8.0, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences suggested its classification as a new species of the candidate genus Jettenia (order Planctomycetales). The name Candidatus "Jettenia moscovienalis" sp. nov. was proposed for the new bacterium.
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21
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Karbach S, Croxford AL, Oelze M, Schüler R, Minwegen D, Wegner J, Koukes L, Yogev N, Nikolaev A, Reißig S, Ullmann A, Knorr M, Waldner M, Neurath MF, Li H, Wu Z, Brochhausen C, Scheller J, Rose-John S, Piotrowski C, Bechmann I, Radsak M, Wild P, Daiber A, von Stebut E, Wenzel P, Waisman A, Münzel T. Interleukin 17 drives vascular inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and arterial hypertension in psoriasis-like skin disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2014; 34:2658-68. [PMID: 25341795 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.114.304108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Interleukin (IL)-17A is regarded as an important cytokine to drive psoriasis, an inflammatory skin disease marked by increased cardiovascular mortality. We aimed to test the hypothesis that overproduction of IL-17A in the skin leading to dermal inflammation may systemically cause vascular dysfunction in psoriasis-like skin disease. APPROACH AND RESULTS Conditional overexpression of IL-17A in keratinocytes caused severe psoriasis-like skin inflammation in mice (K14-IL-17A(ind/+) mice), associated with increased reactive oxygen species formation and circulating CD11b(+) inflammatory leukocytes in blood, with endothelial dysfunction, increased systolic blood pressure, left ventricular hypertrophy, and reduced survival compared with controls. In K14-IL-17A(ind/+) mice, immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry revealed increased vascular production of the nitric oxide/superoxide reaction product peroxynitrite and infiltration of the vasculature with myeloperoxidase(+)CD11b(+)GR1(+)F4/80(-) cells accompanied by increased expression of the inducible nitric oxide synthase and the nicotinamide dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase, nox2. Neutrophil depletion by anti-GR-1 antibody injections reduced oxidative stress in blood and vessels. Neutralization of tumor necrosis factor-α and IL-6 (both downstream of IL-17A) reduced skin lesions, attenuated oxidative stress in heart and blood, and partially improved endothelial dysfunction in K14-IL-17A(ind/+) mice. CONCLUSIONS Dermal overexpression of IL-17A induces systemic endothelial dysfunction, vascular oxidative stress, arterial hypertension, and increases mortality mainly driven by myeloperoxidase(+)CD11b(+)GR1(+)F4/80(-) inflammatory cells. Depletion of the GR-1(+) immune cells or neutralization of IL-17A downstream cytokines by biologicals attenuates the vascular phenotype in K14-IL-17A(ind/+) mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Karbach
- From the Institute for Molecular Medicine (S.K., A.L.C., R.S., N.Y., A.N., S.R., A.W.), Department of Medicine 2 (S.K., M.O., D.M., M.K., P. Wild, A.D., P. Wenzel, T.M.), Department of Dermatology (J.W., L.K., E.v.S.), Department of Pharmacology (H.L., Z.W.), Institute for Pathology (C.B.), Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (P. Wild, P. Wenzel, T.M.), German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site RhineMain (A.U., P.W.), and Department of Medicine 3 (M.R.), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University of Mainz, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany (M.W., M.F.N.); Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Germany (C.P., I.B.); Institute for Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Germany (S.R.-J.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (J.S.).
| | - Andrew L Croxford
- From the Institute for Molecular Medicine (S.K., A.L.C., R.S., N.Y., A.N., S.R., A.W.), Department of Medicine 2 (S.K., M.O., D.M., M.K., P. Wild, A.D., P. Wenzel, T.M.), Department of Dermatology (J.W., L.K., E.v.S.), Department of Pharmacology (H.L., Z.W.), Institute for Pathology (C.B.), Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (P. Wild, P. Wenzel, T.M.), German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site RhineMain (A.U., P.W.), and Department of Medicine 3 (M.R.), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University of Mainz, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany (M.W., M.F.N.); Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Germany (C.P., I.B.); Institute for Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Germany (S.R.-J.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (J.S.)
| | - Matthias Oelze
- From the Institute for Molecular Medicine (S.K., A.L.C., R.S., N.Y., A.N., S.R., A.W.), Department of Medicine 2 (S.K., M.O., D.M., M.K., P. Wild, A.D., P. Wenzel, T.M.), Department of Dermatology (J.W., L.K., E.v.S.), Department of Pharmacology (H.L., Z.W.), Institute for Pathology (C.B.), Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (P. Wild, P. Wenzel, T.M.), German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site RhineMain (A.U., P.W.), and Department of Medicine 3 (M.R.), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University of Mainz, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany (M.W., M.F.N.); Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Germany (C.P., I.B.); Institute for Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Germany (S.R.-J.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (J.S.)
| | - Rebecca Schüler
- From the Institute for Molecular Medicine (S.K., A.L.C., R.S., N.Y., A.N., S.R., A.W.), Department of Medicine 2 (S.K., M.O., D.M., M.K., P. Wild, A.D., P. Wenzel, T.M.), Department of Dermatology (J.W., L.K., E.v.S.), Department of Pharmacology (H.L., Z.W.), Institute for Pathology (C.B.), Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (P. Wild, P. Wenzel, T.M.), German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site RhineMain (A.U., P.W.), and Department of Medicine 3 (M.R.), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University of Mainz, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany (M.W., M.F.N.); Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Germany (C.P., I.B.); Institute for Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Germany (S.R.-J.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (J.S.)
| | - Daniel Minwegen
- From the Institute for Molecular Medicine (S.K., A.L.C., R.S., N.Y., A.N., S.R., A.W.), Department of Medicine 2 (S.K., M.O., D.M., M.K., P. Wild, A.D., P. Wenzel, T.M.), Department of Dermatology (J.W., L.K., E.v.S.), Department of Pharmacology (H.L., Z.W.), Institute for Pathology (C.B.), Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (P. Wild, P. Wenzel, T.M.), German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site RhineMain (A.U., P.W.), and Department of Medicine 3 (M.R.), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University of Mainz, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany (M.W., M.F.N.); Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Germany (C.P., I.B.); Institute for Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Germany (S.R.-J.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (J.S.)
| | - Joanna Wegner
- From the Institute for Molecular Medicine (S.K., A.L.C., R.S., N.Y., A.N., S.R., A.W.), Department of Medicine 2 (S.K., M.O., D.M., M.K., P. Wild, A.D., P. Wenzel, T.M.), Department of Dermatology (J.W., L.K., E.v.S.), Department of Pharmacology (H.L., Z.W.), Institute for Pathology (C.B.), Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (P. Wild, P. Wenzel, T.M.), German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site RhineMain (A.U., P.W.), and Department of Medicine 3 (M.R.), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University of Mainz, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany (M.W., M.F.N.); Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Germany (C.P., I.B.); Institute for Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Germany (S.R.-J.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (J.S.)
| | - Lija Koukes
- From the Institute for Molecular Medicine (S.K., A.L.C., R.S., N.Y., A.N., S.R., A.W.), Department of Medicine 2 (S.K., M.O., D.M., M.K., P. Wild, A.D., P. Wenzel, T.M.), Department of Dermatology (J.W., L.K., E.v.S.), Department of Pharmacology (H.L., Z.W.), Institute for Pathology (C.B.), Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (P. Wild, P. Wenzel, T.M.), German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site RhineMain (A.U., P.W.), and Department of Medicine 3 (M.R.), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University of Mainz, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany (M.W., M.F.N.); Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Germany (C.P., I.B.); Institute for Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Germany (S.R.-J.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (J.S.)
| | - Nir Yogev
- From the Institute for Molecular Medicine (S.K., A.L.C., R.S., N.Y., A.N., S.R., A.W.), Department of Medicine 2 (S.K., M.O., D.M., M.K., P. Wild, A.D., P. Wenzel, T.M.), Department of Dermatology (J.W., L.K., E.v.S.), Department of Pharmacology (H.L., Z.W.), Institute for Pathology (C.B.), Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (P. Wild, P. Wenzel, T.M.), German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site RhineMain (A.U., P.W.), and Department of Medicine 3 (M.R.), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University of Mainz, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany (M.W., M.F.N.); Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Germany (C.P., I.B.); Institute for Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Germany (S.R.-J.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (J.S.)
| | - Alexei Nikolaev
- From the Institute for Molecular Medicine (S.K., A.L.C., R.S., N.Y., A.N., S.R., A.W.), Department of Medicine 2 (S.K., M.O., D.M., M.K., P. Wild, A.D., P. Wenzel, T.M.), Department of Dermatology (J.W., L.K., E.v.S.), Department of Pharmacology (H.L., Z.W.), Institute for Pathology (C.B.), Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (P. Wild, P. Wenzel, T.M.), German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site RhineMain (A.U., P.W.), and Department of Medicine 3 (M.R.), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University of Mainz, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany (M.W., M.F.N.); Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Germany (C.P., I.B.); Institute for Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Germany (S.R.-J.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (J.S.)
| | - Sonja Reißig
- From the Institute for Molecular Medicine (S.K., A.L.C., R.S., N.Y., A.N., S.R., A.W.), Department of Medicine 2 (S.K., M.O., D.M., M.K., P. Wild, A.D., P. Wenzel, T.M.), Department of Dermatology (J.W., L.K., E.v.S.), Department of Pharmacology (H.L., Z.W.), Institute for Pathology (C.B.), Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (P. Wild, P. Wenzel, T.M.), German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site RhineMain (A.U., P.W.), and Department of Medicine 3 (M.R.), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University of Mainz, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany (M.W., M.F.N.); Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Germany (C.P., I.B.); Institute for Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Germany (S.R.-J.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (J.S.)
| | - Alexander Ullmann
- From the Institute for Molecular Medicine (S.K., A.L.C., R.S., N.Y., A.N., S.R., A.W.), Department of Medicine 2 (S.K., M.O., D.M., M.K., P. Wild, A.D., P. Wenzel, T.M.), Department of Dermatology (J.W., L.K., E.v.S.), Department of Pharmacology (H.L., Z.W.), Institute for Pathology (C.B.), Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (P. Wild, P. Wenzel, T.M.), German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site RhineMain (A.U., P.W.), and Department of Medicine 3 (M.R.), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University of Mainz, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany (M.W., M.F.N.); Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Germany (C.P., I.B.); Institute for Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Germany (S.R.-J.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (J.S.)
| | - Maike Knorr
- From the Institute for Molecular Medicine (S.K., A.L.C., R.S., N.Y., A.N., S.R., A.W.), Department of Medicine 2 (S.K., M.O., D.M., M.K., P. Wild, A.D., P. Wenzel, T.M.), Department of Dermatology (J.W., L.K., E.v.S.), Department of Pharmacology (H.L., Z.W.), Institute for Pathology (C.B.), Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (P. Wild, P. Wenzel, T.M.), German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site RhineMain (A.U., P.W.), and Department of Medicine 3 (M.R.), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University of Mainz, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany (M.W., M.F.N.); Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Germany (C.P., I.B.); Institute for Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Germany (S.R.-J.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (J.S.)
| | - Maximilian Waldner
- From the Institute for Molecular Medicine (S.K., A.L.C., R.S., N.Y., A.N., S.R., A.W.), Department of Medicine 2 (S.K., M.O., D.M., M.K., P. Wild, A.D., P. Wenzel, T.M.), Department of Dermatology (J.W., L.K., E.v.S.), Department of Pharmacology (H.L., Z.W.), Institute for Pathology (C.B.), Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (P. Wild, P. Wenzel, T.M.), German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site RhineMain (A.U., P.W.), and Department of Medicine 3 (M.R.), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University of Mainz, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany (M.W., M.F.N.); Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Germany (C.P., I.B.); Institute for Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Germany (S.R.-J.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (J.S.)
| | - Markus F Neurath
- From the Institute for Molecular Medicine (S.K., A.L.C., R.S., N.Y., A.N., S.R., A.W.), Department of Medicine 2 (S.K., M.O., D.M., M.K., P. Wild, A.D., P. Wenzel, T.M.), Department of Dermatology (J.W., L.K., E.v.S.), Department of Pharmacology (H.L., Z.W.), Institute for Pathology (C.B.), Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (P. Wild, P. Wenzel, T.M.), German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site RhineMain (A.U., P.W.), and Department of Medicine 3 (M.R.), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University of Mainz, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany (M.W., M.F.N.); Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Germany (C.P., I.B.); Institute for Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Germany (S.R.-J.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (J.S.)
| | - Huige Li
- From the Institute for Molecular Medicine (S.K., A.L.C., R.S., N.Y., A.N., S.R., A.W.), Department of Medicine 2 (S.K., M.O., D.M., M.K., P. Wild, A.D., P. Wenzel, T.M.), Department of Dermatology (J.W., L.K., E.v.S.), Department of Pharmacology (H.L., Z.W.), Institute for Pathology (C.B.), Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (P. Wild, P. Wenzel, T.M.), German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site RhineMain (A.U., P.W.), and Department of Medicine 3 (M.R.), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University of Mainz, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany (M.W., M.F.N.); Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Germany (C.P., I.B.); Institute for Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Germany (S.R.-J.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (J.S.)
| | - Zhixiong Wu
- From the Institute for Molecular Medicine (S.K., A.L.C., R.S., N.Y., A.N., S.R., A.W.), Department of Medicine 2 (S.K., M.O., D.M., M.K., P. Wild, A.D., P. Wenzel, T.M.), Department of Dermatology (J.W., L.K., E.v.S.), Department of Pharmacology (H.L., Z.W.), Institute for Pathology (C.B.), Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (P. Wild, P. Wenzel, T.M.), German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site RhineMain (A.U., P.W.), and Department of Medicine 3 (M.R.), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University of Mainz, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany (M.W., M.F.N.); Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Germany (C.P., I.B.); Institute for Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Germany (S.R.-J.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (J.S.)
| | - Christoph Brochhausen
- From the Institute for Molecular Medicine (S.K., A.L.C., R.S., N.Y., A.N., S.R., A.W.), Department of Medicine 2 (S.K., M.O., D.M., M.K., P. Wild, A.D., P. Wenzel, T.M.), Department of Dermatology (J.W., L.K., E.v.S.), Department of Pharmacology (H.L., Z.W.), Institute for Pathology (C.B.), Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (P. Wild, P. Wenzel, T.M.), German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site RhineMain (A.U., P.W.), and Department of Medicine 3 (M.R.), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University of Mainz, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany (M.W., M.F.N.); Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Germany (C.P., I.B.); Institute for Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Germany (S.R.-J.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (J.S.)
| | - Jürgen Scheller
- From the Institute for Molecular Medicine (S.K., A.L.C., R.S., N.Y., A.N., S.R., A.W.), Department of Medicine 2 (S.K., M.O., D.M., M.K., P. Wild, A.D., P. Wenzel, T.M.), Department of Dermatology (J.W., L.K., E.v.S.), Department of Pharmacology (H.L., Z.W.), Institute for Pathology (C.B.), Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (P. Wild, P. Wenzel, T.M.), German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site RhineMain (A.U., P.W.), and Department of Medicine 3 (M.R.), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University of Mainz, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany (M.W., M.F.N.); Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Germany (C.P., I.B.); Institute for Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Germany (S.R.-J.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (J.S.)
| | - Stefan Rose-John
- From the Institute for Molecular Medicine (S.K., A.L.C., R.S., N.Y., A.N., S.R., A.W.), Department of Medicine 2 (S.K., M.O., D.M., M.K., P. Wild, A.D., P. Wenzel, T.M.), Department of Dermatology (J.W., L.K., E.v.S.), Department of Pharmacology (H.L., Z.W.), Institute for Pathology (C.B.), Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (P. Wild, P. Wenzel, T.M.), German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site RhineMain (A.U., P.W.), and Department of Medicine 3 (M.R.), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University of Mainz, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany (M.W., M.F.N.); Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Germany (C.P., I.B.); Institute for Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Germany (S.R.-J.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (J.S.)
| | - Carolin Piotrowski
- From the Institute for Molecular Medicine (S.K., A.L.C., R.S., N.Y., A.N., S.R., A.W.), Department of Medicine 2 (S.K., M.O., D.M., M.K., P. Wild, A.D., P. Wenzel, T.M.), Department of Dermatology (J.W., L.K., E.v.S.), Department of Pharmacology (H.L., Z.W.), Institute for Pathology (C.B.), Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (P. Wild, P. Wenzel, T.M.), German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site RhineMain (A.U., P.W.), and Department of Medicine 3 (M.R.), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University of Mainz, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany (M.W., M.F.N.); Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Germany (C.P., I.B.); Institute for Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Germany (S.R.-J.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (J.S.)
| | - Ingo Bechmann
- From the Institute for Molecular Medicine (S.K., A.L.C., R.S., N.Y., A.N., S.R., A.W.), Department of Medicine 2 (S.K., M.O., D.M., M.K., P. Wild, A.D., P. Wenzel, T.M.), Department of Dermatology (J.W., L.K., E.v.S.), Department of Pharmacology (H.L., Z.W.), Institute for Pathology (C.B.), Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (P. Wild, P. Wenzel, T.M.), German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site RhineMain (A.U., P.W.), and Department of Medicine 3 (M.R.), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University of Mainz, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany (M.W., M.F.N.); Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Germany (C.P., I.B.); Institute for Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Germany (S.R.-J.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (J.S.)
| | - Markus Radsak
- From the Institute for Molecular Medicine (S.K., A.L.C., R.S., N.Y., A.N., S.R., A.W.), Department of Medicine 2 (S.K., M.O., D.M., M.K., P. Wild, A.D., P. Wenzel, T.M.), Department of Dermatology (J.W., L.K., E.v.S.), Department of Pharmacology (H.L., Z.W.), Institute for Pathology (C.B.), Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (P. Wild, P. Wenzel, T.M.), German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site RhineMain (A.U., P.W.), and Department of Medicine 3 (M.R.), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University of Mainz, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany (M.W., M.F.N.); Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Germany (C.P., I.B.); Institute for Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Germany (S.R.-J.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (J.S.)
| | - Philipp Wild
- From the Institute for Molecular Medicine (S.K., A.L.C., R.S., N.Y., A.N., S.R., A.W.), Department of Medicine 2 (S.K., M.O., D.M., M.K., P. Wild, A.D., P. Wenzel, T.M.), Department of Dermatology (J.W., L.K., E.v.S.), Department of Pharmacology (H.L., Z.W.), Institute for Pathology (C.B.), Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (P. Wild, P. Wenzel, T.M.), German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site RhineMain (A.U., P.W.), and Department of Medicine 3 (M.R.), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University of Mainz, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany (M.W., M.F.N.); Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Germany (C.P., I.B.); Institute for Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Germany (S.R.-J.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (J.S.)
| | - Andreas Daiber
- From the Institute for Molecular Medicine (S.K., A.L.C., R.S., N.Y., A.N., S.R., A.W.), Department of Medicine 2 (S.K., M.O., D.M., M.K., P. Wild, A.D., P. Wenzel, T.M.), Department of Dermatology (J.W., L.K., E.v.S.), Department of Pharmacology (H.L., Z.W.), Institute for Pathology (C.B.), Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (P. Wild, P. Wenzel, T.M.), German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site RhineMain (A.U., P.W.), and Department of Medicine 3 (M.R.), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University of Mainz, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany (M.W., M.F.N.); Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Germany (C.P., I.B.); Institute for Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Germany (S.R.-J.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (J.S.)
| | - Esther von Stebut
- From the Institute for Molecular Medicine (S.K., A.L.C., R.S., N.Y., A.N., S.R., A.W.), Department of Medicine 2 (S.K., M.O., D.M., M.K., P. Wild, A.D., P. Wenzel, T.M.), Department of Dermatology (J.W., L.K., E.v.S.), Department of Pharmacology (H.L., Z.W.), Institute for Pathology (C.B.), Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (P. Wild, P. Wenzel, T.M.), German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site RhineMain (A.U., P.W.), and Department of Medicine 3 (M.R.), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University of Mainz, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany (M.W., M.F.N.); Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Germany (C.P., I.B.); Institute for Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Germany (S.R.-J.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (J.S.)
| | - Philip Wenzel
- From the Institute for Molecular Medicine (S.K., A.L.C., R.S., N.Y., A.N., S.R., A.W.), Department of Medicine 2 (S.K., M.O., D.M., M.K., P. Wild, A.D., P. Wenzel, T.M.), Department of Dermatology (J.W., L.K., E.v.S.), Department of Pharmacology (H.L., Z.W.), Institute for Pathology (C.B.), Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (P. Wild, P. Wenzel, T.M.), German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site RhineMain (A.U., P.W.), and Department of Medicine 3 (M.R.), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University of Mainz, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany (M.W., M.F.N.); Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Germany (C.P., I.B.); Institute for Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Germany (S.R.-J.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (J.S.)
| | - Ari Waisman
- From the Institute for Molecular Medicine (S.K., A.L.C., R.S., N.Y., A.N., S.R., A.W.), Department of Medicine 2 (S.K., M.O., D.M., M.K., P. Wild, A.D., P. Wenzel, T.M.), Department of Dermatology (J.W., L.K., E.v.S.), Department of Pharmacology (H.L., Z.W.), Institute for Pathology (C.B.), Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (P. Wild, P. Wenzel, T.M.), German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site RhineMain (A.U., P.W.), and Department of Medicine 3 (M.R.), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University of Mainz, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany (M.W., M.F.N.); Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Germany (C.P., I.B.); Institute for Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Germany (S.R.-J.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (J.S.).
| | - Thomas Münzel
- From the Institute for Molecular Medicine (S.K., A.L.C., R.S., N.Y., A.N., S.R., A.W.), Department of Medicine 2 (S.K., M.O., D.M., M.K., P. Wild, A.D., P. Wenzel, T.M.), Department of Dermatology (J.W., L.K., E.v.S.), Department of Pharmacology (H.L., Z.W.), Institute for Pathology (C.B.), Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (P. Wild, P. Wenzel, T.M.), German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site RhineMain (A.U., P.W.), and Department of Medicine 3 (M.R.), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University of Mainz, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany (M.W., M.F.N.); Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Germany (C.P., I.B.); Institute for Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Germany (S.R.-J.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (J.S.)
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22
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Akondi CS, Annand JRM, Arends HJ, Beck R, Bernstein A, Borisov N, Braghieri A, Briscoe WJ, Cherepnya S, Collicott C, Costanza S, Downie EJ, Dieterle M, Fix A, Fil'kov LV, Garni S, Glazier DI, Gradl W, Gurevich G, Hall Barrientos P, Hamilton D, Hornidge D, Howdle D, Huber GM, Kashevarov VL, Keshelashvili I, Kondratiev R, Korolija M, Krusche B, Lazarev A, Lisin V, Livingston K, MacGregor IJD, Mancel J, Manley DM, Martel P, McNicoll EF, Meyer W, Middleton D, Miskimen R, Mushkarenkov A, Nefkens BMK, Neganov A, Nikolaev A, Oberle M, Ostrick M, Ortega H, Ott P, Otte PB, Oussena B, Pedroni P, Polonski A, Polyanski VV, Prakhov S, Reicherz G, Rostomyan T, Sarty A, Schumann S, Steffen O, Strakovsky II, Strub T, Supek I, Tiator L, Thomas A, Unverzagt M, Usov YA, Watts DP, Werthmüller D, Witthauer L, Wolfes M. Measurement of the transverse target and beam-target asymmetries in η meson photoproduction at MAMI. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:102001. [PMID: 25238349 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.102001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We present new data for the transverse target asymmetry T and the very first data for the beam-target asymmetry F in the γ[over →]p[over →]→ηp reaction up to a center-of-mass energy of W=1.9 GeV. The data were obtained with the Crystal-Ball/TAPS detector setup at the Glasgow tagged photon facility of the Mainz Microtron MAMI. All existing model predictions fail to reproduce the new data indicating a significant impact on our understanding of the underlying dynamics of η meson photoproduction. The peculiar nodal structure observed in existing T data close to threshold is not confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Akondi
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242-0001, USA
| | - J R M Annand
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - H J Arends
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - R Beck
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - A Bernstein
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - N Borisov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | | | - W J Briscoe
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052-0001, USA
| | - S Cherepnya
- Lebedev Physical Institute, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - C Collicott
- Department of Astronomy and Physics, Saint Marys University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3C3, Canada
| | - S Costanza
- INFN Sezione di Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - E J Downie
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany and The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052-0001, USA
| | - M Dieterle
- Departement für Physik, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - A Fix
- Laboratory of Mathematical Physics, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634034 Tomsk, Russia
| | - L V Fil'kov
- Lebedev Physical Institute, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - S Garni
- Departement für Physik, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - D I Glazier
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom and SUPA School of Physics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - W Gradl
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - G Gurevich
- Institute for Nuclear Research, 125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - P Hall Barrientos
- SUPA School of Physics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - D Hamilton
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - D Hornidge
- Mount Allison University, Sackville, New Brunswick E4L 1E6, Canada
| | - D Howdle
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - G M Huber
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - V L Kashevarov
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany and Lebedev Physical Institute, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - I Keshelashvili
- Departement für Physik, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - R Kondratiev
- Institute for Nuclear Research, 125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - M Korolija
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - B Krusche
- Departement für Physik, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - A Lazarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - V Lisin
- Institute for Nuclear Research, 125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - K Livingston
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - I J D MacGregor
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - J Mancel
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - D M Manley
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242-0001, USA
| | - P Martel
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA and University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - E F McNicoll
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - W Meyer
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Ruhr-Universität, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - D Middleton
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany and Mount Allison University, Sackville, New Brunswick E4L 1E6, Canada
| | - R Miskimen
- University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - A Mushkarenkov
- INFN Sezione di Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy and University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - B M K Nefkens
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1547, USA
| | - A Neganov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - A Nikolaev
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - M Oberle
- Departement für Physik, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - M Ostrick
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - H Ortega
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - P Ott
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - P B Otte
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - B Oussena
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany and The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052-0001, USA
| | - P Pedroni
- INFN Sezione di Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - A Polonski
- Institute for Nuclear Research, 125047 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - S Prakhov
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1547, USA
| | - G Reicherz
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Ruhr-Universität, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - T Rostomyan
- Departement für Physik, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - A Sarty
- Department of Astronomy and Physics, Saint Marys University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3C3, Canada
| | - S Schumann
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - O Steffen
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - I I Strakovsky
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052-0001, USA
| | - Th Strub
- Departement für Physik, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - I Supek
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - L Tiator
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - A Thomas
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - M Unverzagt
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Yu A Usov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - D P Watts
- SUPA School of Physics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - D Werthmüller
- Departement für Physik, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - L Witthauer
- Departement für Physik, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - M Wolfes
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
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23
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Tarbert CM, Watts DP, Glazier DI, Aguar P, Ahrens J, Annand JRM, Arends HJ, Beck R, Bekrenev V, Boillat B, Braghieri A, Branford D, Briscoe WJ, Brudvik J, Cherepnya S, Codling R, Downie EJ, Foehl K, Grabmayr P, Gregor R, Heid E, Hornidge D, Jahn O, Kashevarov VL, Knezevic A, Kondratiev R, Korolija M, Kotulla M, Krambrich D, Krusche B, Lang M, Lisin V, Livingston K, Lugert S, MacGregor IJD, Manley DM, Martinez M, McGeorge JC, Mekterovic D, Metag V, Nefkens BMK, Nikolaev A, Novotny R, Owens RO, Pedroni P, Polonski A, Prakhov SN, Price JW, Rosner G, Rost M, Rostomyan T, Schadmand S, Schumann S, Sober D, Starostin A, Supek I, Thomas A, Unverzagt M, Walcher T, Zana L, Zehr F. Neutron skin of (208)pb from coherent pion photoproduction. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 112:242502. [PMID: 24996085 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.242502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Information on the size and shape of the neutron skin on (208)Pb is extracted from coherent pion photoproduction cross sections measured using the Crystal Ball detector together with the Glasgow tagger at the MAMI electron beam facility. On exploitation of an interpolated fit of a theoretical model to the measured cross sections, the half-height radius and diffuseness of the neutron distribution are found to be c(n)=6.70±0.03(stat.) fm and a(n)=0.55±0.01(stat.)(-0.03)(+0.02)(sys.) fm, respectively, corresponding to a neutron skin thickness Δr(np)=0.15±0.03(stat.)(-0.03)(+0.01)(sys.) fm. The results give the first successful extraction of a neutron skin thickness with an electromagnetic probe and indicate that the skin of (208)Pb has a halo character. The measurement provides valuable new constraints on both the structure of nuclei and the equation of state for neutron-rich matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Tarbert
- SUPA, School of Physics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - D P Watts
- SUPA, School of Physics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - D I Glazier
- SUPA, School of Physics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - P Aguar
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, Germany
| | - J Ahrens
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, Germany
| | - J R M Annand
- SUPA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - H J Arends
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, Germany
| | - R Beck
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, Germany and Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, University Bonn, Germany
| | - V Bekrenev
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Russia
| | - B Boillat
- Institut für Physik, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - D Branford
- SUPA, School of Physics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - W J Briscoe
- Center for Nuclear Studies, The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - J Brudvik
- University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | | | - R Codling
- SUPA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - E J Downie
- SUPA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - K Foehl
- SUPA, School of Physics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - P Grabmayr
- Physikalisches Institut Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - R Gregor
- II. Physikalisches Institut, University of Giessen, Germany
| | - E Heid
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, Germany
| | - D Hornidge
- Mount Allison University, Sackville, New Brunswick E4L 1E6, Canada
| | - O Jahn
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, Germany
| | | | - A Knezevic
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - M Korolija
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - M Kotulla
- Institut für Physik, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - D Krambrich
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, Germany and Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, University Bonn, Germany
| | - B Krusche
- Institut für Physik, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - M Lang
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, Germany and Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, University Bonn, Germany
| | - V Lisin
- Institute for Nuclear Research, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Livingston
- SUPA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - S Lugert
- II. Physikalisches Institut, University of Giessen, Germany
| | - I J D MacGregor
- SUPA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - D M Manley
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - M Martinez
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, Germany
| | - J C McGeorge
- SUPA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | | | - V Metag
- II. Physikalisches Institut, University of Giessen, Germany
| | - B M K Nefkens
- University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - A Nikolaev
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, Germany and Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, University Bonn, Germany
| | - R Novotny
- II. Physikalisches Institut, University of Giessen, Germany
| | - R O Owens
- SUPA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | | | - A Polonski
- Institute for Nuclear Research, Moscow, Russia
| | - S N Prakhov
- University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J W Price
- University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - G Rosner
- SUPA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - M Rost
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, Germany
| | | | - S Schadmand
- II. Physikalisches Institut, University of Giessen, Germany
| | - S Schumann
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, Germany and Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, University Bonn, Germany
| | - D Sober
- The Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 20064, USA
| | - A Starostin
- University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - I Supek
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - A Thomas
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, Germany
| | - M Unverzagt
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, Germany and Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, University Bonn, Germany
| | - Th Walcher
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, Germany
| | - L Zana
- SUPA, School of Physics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - F Zehr
- Institut für Physik, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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24
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Dieterle M, Keshelashvili I, Ahrens J, Annand JRM, Arends HJ, Bantawa K, Bartolome PA, Beck R, Bekrenev V, Braghieri A, Branford D, Briscoe WJ, Brudvik J, Cherepnya S, Demissie B, Downie EJ, Drexler P, Fil'kov LV, Fix A, Glazier DI, Hamilton D, Heid E, Hornidge D, Howdle D, Huber GM, Jaegle I, Jahn O, Jude TC, Käser A, Kashevarov VL, Kondratiev R, Korolija M, Kruglov SP, Krusche B, Kulbardis A, Lisin V, Livingston K, MacGregor IJD, Maghrbi Y, Mancell J, Manley DM, Marinides Z, Martinez M, McGeorge JC, McNicoll E, Mekterovic D, Metag V, Micanovic S, Middleton DG, Mushkarenkov A, Nefkens BMK, Nikolaev A, Novotny R, Oberle M, Ostrick M, Oussena B, Pedroni P, Pheron F, Polonski A, Prakhov SN, Robinson J, Rosner G, Rostomyan T, Schumann S, Sikora MH, Sober D, Starostin A, Supek I, Thiel M, Thomas A, Unverzagt M, Watts DP, Werthmüller D, Witthauer L. Photoproduction of π0 mesons off neutrons in the nucleon resonance region. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 112:142001. [PMID: 24765945 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.142001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Precise angular distributions have been measured for the first time for the photoproduction of π0 mesons off neutrons bound in the deuteron. The effects from nuclear Fermi motion have been eliminated by a complete kinematic reconstruction of the final state. The influence of final-state-interaction effects has been estimated by a comparison of the reaction cross section for quasifree protons bound in the deuteron to the results for free protons and then applied as a correction to the quasifree neutron data. The experiment was performed at the tagged photon facility of the Mainz Microtron MAMI with the Crystal Ball and TAPS detector setup for incident photon energies between 0.45 and 1.4 GeV. The results are compared to the predictions from reaction models and partial-wave analyses based on data from other isospin channels. The model predictions show large discrepancies among each other and the present data will provide much tighter constraints. This is demonstrated by the results of a new analysis in the framework of the Bonn-Gatchina coupled-channel analysis which included the present data.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dieterle
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - J Ahrens
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, Germany
| | - J R M Annand
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - H J Arends
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, Germany
| | - K Bantawa
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA
| | - P A Bartolome
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, Germany
| | - R Beck
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, Germany and Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - V Bekrenev
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Russia
| | | | - D Branford
- School of Physics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - W J Briscoe
- Center for Nuclear Studies, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - J Brudvik
- University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | | - B Demissie
- Center for Nuclear Studies, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - E J Downie
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, Germany and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom and Center for Nuclear Studies, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - P Drexler
- II. Physikalisches Institut, University of Giessen, Germany
| | | | - A Fix
- Laboratory of Mathematical Physics, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - D I Glazier
- School of Physics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - D Hamilton
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - E Heid
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, Germany
| | - D Hornidge
- Mount Allison University, Sackville, New Brunswick E4L 1E6, Canada
| | - D Howdle
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - G M Huber
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2 Canada
| | - I Jaegle
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - O Jahn
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, Germany
| | - T C Jude
- School of Physics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - A Käser
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - V L Kashevarov
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, Germany and Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - M Korolija
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - S P Kruglov
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Russia
| | - B Krusche
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - A Kulbardis
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Russia
| | - V Lisin
- Institute for Nuclear Research, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Livingston
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - I J D MacGregor
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Y Maghrbi
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - J Mancell
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | - Z Marinides
- Center for Nuclear Studies, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - M Martinez
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, Germany
| | - J C McGeorge
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - E McNicoll
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | - V Metag
- II. Physikalisches Institut, University of Giessen, Germany
| | | | - D G Middleton
- Mount Allison University, Sackville, New Brunswick E4L 1E6, Canada
| | | | - B M K Nefkens
- University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - A Nikolaev
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, Germany and Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - R Novotny
- II. Physikalisches Institut, University of Giessen, Germany
| | - M Oberle
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - M Ostrick
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, Germany
| | - B Oussena
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, Germany and Center for Nuclear Studies, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - F Pheron
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - A Polonski
- Institute for Nuclear Research, Moscow, Russia
| | - S N Prakhov
- University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - J Robinson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - G Rosner
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - T Rostomyan
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - S Schumann
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, Germany and Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - M H Sikora
- School of Physics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - D Sober
- The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, USA
| | - A Starostin
- University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - I Supek
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - M Thiel
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, Germany and II. Physikalisches Institut, University of Giessen, Germany
| | - A Thomas
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, Germany
| | - M Unverzagt
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, Germany and Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - D P Watts
- School of Physics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - D Werthmüller
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - L Witthauer
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Switzerland
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25
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Croxford AL, Karbach S, Kurschus FC, Wörtge S, Nikolaev A, Yogev N, Klebow S, Schüler R, Reissig S, Piotrowski C, Brylla E, Bechmann I, Scheller J, Rose-John S, Thomas Wunderlich F, Münzel T, von Stebut E, Waisman A. IL-6 Regulates Neutrophil Microabscess Formation in IL-17A-Driven Psoriasiform Lesions. J Invest Dermatol 2014; 134:728-735. [DOI: 10.1038/jid.2013.404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2013] [Revised: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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26
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Sikora MH, Watts DP, Glazier DI, Aguar-Bartolomé P, Akasoy LK, Annand JRM, Arends HJ, Bantawa K, Beck R, Bekrenev VS, Berghäuser H, Braghieri A, Branford D, Briscoe WJ, Brudvik J, Cherepnya S, Codling RFB, Demissie BT, Downie EJ, Drexler P, Fil'kov LV, Freehart B, Gregor R, Hamilton D, Heid E, Hornidge D, Howdle DA, Jaegle I, Jahn O, Jude TC, Kashevarov VL, Keshelashvili I, Kondratiev R, Korolija M, Kotulla M, Koulbardis AA, Kruglov SP, Krusche B, Lisin V, Livingston K, MacGregor IJD, Maghrbi Y, Manley DM, Marinides Z, Martinez M, McGeorge JC, McKinnon B, McNicoll EF, Mekterovic D, Metag V, Micanovic S, Middleton DG, Mushkarenkov A, Nefkens BMK, Nikolaev A, Novotny R, Ostrick M, Otte PB, Oussena B, Pedroni P, Pheron F, Polonski A, Prakhov S, Robinson J, Rosner G, Rostomyan T, Schumann S, Sober DI, Starostin A, Strakovsky II, Suarez IM, Supek I, Thiel M, Thomas A, Unverzagt M, Werthmüller D, Workman RL, Zamboni I, Zehr F. Measurement of the 1H(γ, p)π0 reaction using a novel nucleon spin polarimeter. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 112:022501. [PMID: 24484003 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.022501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We report the first large-acceptance measurement of polarization transfer from a polarized photon beam to a recoiling nucleon. The measurement pioneers a novel polarimetry technique, which can be applied to many other nuclear and hadron physics experiments. The commissioning reaction of 1H(γ, p)π0 in the range 0.4<Eγ<1.4 GeV validates the technique and provides essential new data to constrain the excitation spectrum of the nucleon.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Sikora
- SUPA, School of Physics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - D P Watts
- SUPA, School of Physics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - D I Glazier
- SUPA, School of Physics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - P Aguar-Bartolomé
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - L K Akasoy
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - J R M Annand
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - H J Arends
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - K Bantawa
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - R Beck
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - V S Bekrenev
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, 188300 Gatchina, Russia
| | - H Berghäuser
- II Physikalisches Institut, University of Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | | | - D Branford
- SUPA, School of Physics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - W J Briscoe
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - J Brudvik
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1547, USA
| | - S Cherepnya
- Lebedev Physical Institute, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - R F B Codling
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - B T Demissie
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - E J Downie
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany and SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom and The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - P Drexler
- II Physikalisches Institut, University of Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - L V Fil'kov
- Lebedev Physical Institute, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - B Freehart
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - R Gregor
- II Physikalisches Institut, University of Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - D Hamilton
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - E Heid
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany and The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - D Hornidge
- Mount Allison University, Sackville, New Brunswick E4L3B5, Canada
| | - D A Howdle
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - I Jaegle
- Department Physik, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - O Jahn
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - T C Jude
- SUPA, School of Physics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | | | - I Keshelashvili
- Department Physik, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - R Kondratiev
- Institute for Nuclear Research, 125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - M Korolija
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - M Kotulla
- II Physikalisches Institut, University of Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - A A Koulbardis
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, 188300 Gatchina, Russia
| | - S P Kruglov
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, 188300 Gatchina, Russia
| | - B Krusche
- Department Physik, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - V Lisin
- Institute for Nuclear Research, 125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - K Livingston
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - I J D MacGregor
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Y Maghrbi
- Department Physik, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - D M Manley
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - Z Marinides
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - M Martinez
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - J C McGeorge
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - B McKinnon
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - E F McNicoll
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - D Mekterovic
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - V Metag
- II Physikalisches Institut, University of Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - S Micanovic
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - D G Middleton
- Mount Allison University, Sackville, New Brunswick E4L3B5, Canada
| | | | - B M K Nefkens
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1547, USA
| | - A Nikolaev
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - R Novotny
- II Physikalisches Institut, University of Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - M Ostrick
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - P B Otte
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - B Oussena
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany and The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - P Pedroni
- INFN Sezione di Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - F Pheron
- Department Physik, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - A Polonski
- Institute for Nuclear Research, 125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - S Prakhov
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1547, USA
| | - J Robinson
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - G Rosner
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | | | - S Schumann
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - D I Sober
- The Catholic University of America, Washington D.C. 20064, USA
| | - A Starostin
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1547, USA
| | - I I Strakovsky
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - I M Suarez
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1547, USA
| | - I Supek
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - M Thiel
- II Physikalisches Institut, University of Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - A Thomas
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - M Unverzagt
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - D Werthmüller
- Department Physik, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - R L Workman
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - I Zamboni
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - F Zehr
- Department Physik, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
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27
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Werthmüller D, Witthauer L, Keshelashvili I, Aguar-Bartolomé P, Ahrens J, Annand JRM, Arends HJ, Bantawa K, Beck R, Bekrenev V, Braghieri A, Branford D, Briscoe WJ, Brudvik J, Cherepnya S, Demissie B, Dieterle M, Downie EJ, Drexler P, Fil'kov LV, Fix A, Glazier DI, Hamilton D, Heid E, Hornidge D, Howdle D, Huber GM, Jaegle I, Jahn O, Jude TC, Käser A, Kashevarov VL, Kondratiev R, Korolija M, Kruglov SP, Krusche B, Kulbardis A, Lisin V, Livingston K, MacGregor IJD, Maghrbi Y, Mancell J, Manley DM, Marinides Z, Martinez M, McGeorge JC, McNicoll EF, Metag V, Middleton DG, Mushkarenkov A, Nefkens BMK, Nikolaev A, Novotny R, Oberle M, Ostrick M, Oussena B, Pedroni P, Pheron F, Polonski A, Prakhov SN, Robinson J, Rosner G, Rostomyan T, Schumann S, Sikora MH, Sober D, Starostin A, Supek I, Thiel M, Thomas A, Unverzagt M, Watts DP. Narrow structure in the excitation function of η photoproduction off the neutron. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 111:232001. [PMID: 24476257 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.232001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The photoproduction of η mesons off nucleons bound in 2H and 3He has been measured in coincidence with recoil protons and recoil neutrons for incident photon energies from threshold up to 1.4 GeV. The experiments were performed at the Mainz MAMI accelerator, using the Glasgow tagged photon facility. Decay photons from the η→2γ and η→3π0 decays and the recoil nucleons were detected with an almost 4π electromagnetic calorimeter combining the Crystal Ball and TAPS detectors. The data from both targets are of excellent statistical quality and show a narrow structure in the excitation function of γn→nη. The results from the two measurements are consistent, taking into account the expected effects from nuclear Fermi motion. The best estimates for position and intrinsic width of the structure are W=(1670±5) MeV and Γ=(30±15) MeV. For the first time precise results for the angular dependence of this structure have been extracted.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Werthmüller
- Departement für Physik, Universität Basel, Switzerland
| | - L Witthauer
- Departement für Physik, Universität Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - J Ahrens
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Mainz, Germany
| | - J R M Annand
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - H J Arends
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Mainz, Germany
| | - K Bantawa
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA
| | - R Beck
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Mainz, Germany and Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - V Bekrenev
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Russia
| | | | - D Branford
- SUPA, School of Physics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - W J Briscoe
- Institute for Nuclear Studies, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - J Brudvik
- University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | | - B Demissie
- Institute for Nuclear Studies, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - M Dieterle
- Departement für Physik, Universität Basel, Switzerland
| | - E J Downie
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Mainz, Germany and SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom and Institute for Nuclear Studies, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - P Drexler
- II. Physikalisches Institut, Universität Giessen, Germany
| | | | - A Fix
- Laboratory of Mathematical Physics, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - D I Glazier
- SUPA, School of Physics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - D Hamilton
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - E Heid
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Mainz, Germany
| | - D Hornidge
- Mount Allison University, Sackville, New Brunswick E4L 1E6, Canada
| | - D Howdle
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - G M Huber
- University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - I Jaegle
- Departement für Physik, Universität Basel, Switzerland
| | - O Jahn
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Mainz, Germany
| | - T C Jude
- SUPA, School of Physics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - A Käser
- Departement für Physik, Universität Basel, Switzerland
| | - V L Kashevarov
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Mainz, Germany and Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - M Korolija
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - S P Kruglov
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Russia
| | - B Krusche
- Departement für Physik, Universität Basel, Switzerland
| | - A Kulbardis
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Russia
| | - V Lisin
- Institute for Nuclear Research, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Livingston
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - I J D MacGregor
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Y Maghrbi
- Departement für Physik, Universität Basel, Switzerland
| | - J Mancell
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | | | - Z Marinides
- Institute for Nuclear Studies, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - M Martinez
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Mainz, Germany
| | - J C McGeorge
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - E F McNicoll
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - V Metag
- II. Physikalisches Institut, Universität Giessen, Germany
| | - D G Middleton
- Mount Allison University, Sackville, New Brunswick E4L 1E6, Canada
| | | | - B M K Nefkens
- University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - A Nikolaev
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Mainz, Germany and Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - R Novotny
- II. Physikalisches Institut, Universität Giessen, Germany
| | - M Oberle
- Departement für Physik, Universität Basel, Switzerland
| | - M Ostrick
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Mainz, Germany
| | - B Oussena
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Mainz, Germany and Institute for Nuclear Studies, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | | | - F Pheron
- Departement für Physik, Universität Basel, Switzerland
| | - A Polonski
- Institute for Nuclear Research, Moscow, Russia
| | - S N Prakhov
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Mainz, Germany and Institute for Nuclear Studies, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA and University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - J Robinson
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - G Rosner
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - T Rostomyan
- Departement für Physik, Universität Basel, Switzerland
| | - S Schumann
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Mainz, Germany and Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - M H Sikora
- SUPA, School of Physics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - D Sober
- The Catholic University of America, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - A Starostin
- University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - I Supek
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - M Thiel
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Mainz, Germany and II. Physikalisches Institut, Universität Giessen, Germany
| | - A Thomas
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Mainz, Germany
| | - M Unverzagt
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Mainz, Germany and Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - D P Watts
- SUPA, School of Physics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
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28
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Hövelmeyer N, Wörns MA, Reissig S, Adams‐Quack P, Leclaire J, Hahn M, Wörtge S, Nikolaev A, Galle PR, Waisman A. Overexpression of Bcl‐3 inhibits the development of marginal zone B cells. Eur J Immunol 2013; 44:545-52. [DOI: 10.1002/eji.201343655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Revised: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Hövelmeyer
- Institute for Molecular MedicineJohannes Gutenberg‐University of Mainz Mainz Germany
| | - Marcus A. Wörns
- Department of Internal Medicine IUniversity Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg‐University of Mainz Mainz Germany
| | - Sonja Reissig
- Institute for Molecular MedicineJohannes Gutenberg‐University of Mainz Mainz Germany
| | - Petra Adams‐Quack
- Institute for Molecular MedicineJohannes Gutenberg‐University of Mainz Mainz Germany
| | - Jennifer Leclaire
- Institute for Molecular MedicineJohannes Gutenberg‐University of Mainz Mainz Germany
| | - Matthias Hahn
- Institute for Molecular MedicineJohannes Gutenberg‐University of Mainz Mainz Germany
| | - Simone Wörtge
- Institute for Molecular MedicineJohannes Gutenberg‐University of Mainz Mainz Germany
| | - Alexei Nikolaev
- Institute for Molecular MedicineJohannes Gutenberg‐University of Mainz Mainz Germany
| | - Peter R. Galle
- Department of Internal Medicine IUniversity Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg‐University of Mainz Mainz Germany
| | - Ari Waisman
- Institute for Molecular MedicineJohannes Gutenberg‐University of Mainz Mainz Germany
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29
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Reissig S, Hövelmeyer N, Weigmann B, Nikolaev A, Kalt B, Wunderlich TF, Hahn M, Neurath MF, Waisman A. The tumor suppressor CYLD controls the function of murine regulatory T cells. J Immunol 2012; 189:4770-6. [PMID: 23066153 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1201993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
CYLD was originally identified as a tumor suppressor gene mutated in familial cylindromatosis, an autosomal dominant predisposition to multiple benign neoplasms of the skin known as cylindromas. The CYLD protein is a deubiquitinating enzyme that acts as a negative regulator of NF-κB and JNK signaling through its interaction with NEMO and TNFR-associated factor 2. We have previously described a novel mouse strain that expresses solely and excessively a naturally occurring splice variant of CYLD (CYLD(ex7/8)). In this study, we demonstrate that CYLD plays a critical role in Treg development and function. T cells of CYLD(ex7/8) mice had a hyperactive phenotype manifested by increased production of inflammatory cytokines and constitutive activation of the NF-κB pathway. Furthermore, the amount of Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells in these mice was markedly enhanced in thymus and peripheral organs. Importantly, these regulatory T cells displayed decreased expression levels of CD25 and CTLA-4 associated with impaired suppressive capacity. Hence, our data emphasize an essential role of CYLD in maintaining T cell homeostasis as well as normal T regulatory cell function, thereby controlling abnormal T cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Reissig
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
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30
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Mammadli Z, Barsukov Y, Nikolaev A, Pozdnyakov S, Kulushev V, Aliev V. 325. Functional Results After Electrostimulation of Anal Sphincter After Low Anterior Resection. Eur J Surg Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2012.06.312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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31
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Gerlach K, Daniel C, Lehr HA, Nikolaev A, Gerlach T, Atreya R, Rose-John S, Neurath MF, Weigmann B. Transcription factor NFATc2 controls the emergence of colon cancer associated with IL-6-dependent colitis. Cancer Res 2012; 72:4340-50. [PMID: 22738913 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-11-4155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
NFAT transcription factors control T-cell activation and function. Specifically, the transcription factor NFATc2 affects the regulation of cell differentiation and growth and plays a critical role in the development of colonic inflammation. Here, we used an experimental model of colitis-associated colorectal carcinoma to investigate the contribution of NFATc2 to the promotion of colonic tumors. Compared with wild-type animals that readily presented with multiple colon tumors, NFATc2-deficient mice were protected from tumor development. This observed decrease in colonic tumor progression was associated with reduced endoscopic inflammation, increased apoptosis of lamina propria T lymphocytes, and significantly reduced levels of the critical proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-21 and IL-6. Administration of hyper IL-6 abrogated protection from tumor progression in NFATc2-knockout mice and restored tumor incidence to control levels. Taken together, our findings highlight a pivotal role for NFATc2 in the establishment of inflammation-associated colorectal tumors mediated by control of IL-6 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Gerlach
- I. Medical Clinic, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen; Institute of Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Neuherberg, Switzerland
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32
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Reissig S, Hövelmeyer N, Weih D, Weih F, Nikolaev A, Waisman A. Overexpression of short CYLD leads to autoimmunity and production of autoantibodies (47.20). The Journal of Immunology 2011. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.186.supp.47.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
CYLD is a tumour suppressor gene which plays an important role in NF-kB signaling. To analyze the function of CYLD in vivo we used the CYLDex7/8 mouse strain, which is characterized by loss of the full-length transcript and overexpression of a naturally occurring short splice variant of the cyld gene (sCYLD). This overexpression resulted in splenomegaly and lymphadenopathy. Further, the B cell numbers in spleen and lymph nodes were increased at the expense of T cells. CYLDex7/8 mice showed a strong reduction of CD4 single positive (SP) and CD8 SP T cells in the thymus and periphery. In in vitro and in vivo studies we could show that CD4+ T cells display a hyperactive phenotype accompanied with an increased production of inflammatory cytokines. We could also demonstrate a defect in negative selection of CYLDex7/8 thymocytes by using the HY-TCR transgenic system. mTECs in the thymus, which are important for the negative selection of autoreactive T cells, were drastically reduced in number. Since abnormal T cell responses are often associated with chronic inflammations, we examined if CYLDex7/8 mice develop immunological abnormalities. Importantly, we could observe that CYLDex7/8 mice crossed onto TCR transgenic background developed severe colonic inflammation accompanied with high production of nuclear autoantibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Debra Weih
- 2FLI Immunology Department, Jena, Germany
| | - Falk Weih
- 2FLI Immunology Department, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Ari Waisman
- 1Institute of Moleculare Medicine, Mainz, Germany
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33
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Abstract
AbstractGaN wafers 200 μm thick and 30 mm diameter were fabricated. GaN was grown by hydride vapor phase epitaxy on SiC substrates and removed from the substrate by reactive ion etching. Lateral size of the GaN wafers was equal to the size of the initial SiC substrates. GaN wafers were cleaved in pieces and these pieces were characterised. It was found that after the fabrication, GaN crystals were slightly deformed and strained. An anneal at 830°C in nitrogen ambient eliminated the residual strains. The FWHM of ω-scan (0002) x-ray rocking curve for annealed crystals was less than 140 arcsec for both sides of the best GaN crystals. The lattice constants measured from both sides of the crystals were c =5.1853±0.0003 Å and a = 3.1889±0.0001 Å. The Nd – Na concentration determined by a mercury probe was about 2×1017cm−3 for as-grown GaN surface and about 2×1019cm−3 for former interface surface. Photoluminescence spectrum taken at 17 K revealed an edge peak at 3.472 eV with the FWHM value of 2.3 meV. A ratio of the edge peak intensity to the intensity of yellow band was higher than 1000. Initial TEM experiments were performed.
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34
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Hövelmeyer N, Reissig S, Xuan NT, Adams-Quack P, Lukas D, Nikolaev A, Schlüter D, Waisman A. A20 deficiency in B cells enhances B-cell proliferation and results in the development of autoantibodies. Eur J Immunol 2011; 41:595-601. [PMID: 21341261 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201041313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2010] [Revised: 12/20/2010] [Accepted: 12/22/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A20/TNFAIP3 is an ubiquitin-editing enzyme, important for the regulation of the NF-κB pathway. Mutations in the TNFAIP3 gene have been linked to different human autoimmune disorders. In human B-cell lymphomas, the inactivation of A20 results in constitutive NF-κB activation. Recent studies demonstrate that in mice the germline inactivation of A20 leads to early lethality, due to inflammation in multiple organs of the body. In this report, we describe a new mouse strain allowing for the tissue-specific deletion of A20. We show that B-cell-specific deletion of A20 results in a dramatic reduction in marginal zone B cells. Furthermore, A20-deficient B cells display a hyperactive phenotype represented by enhanced proliferation upon activation. Finally, these mice develop higher levels of serum immunoglobulins, resulting in an excessive production of self-reactive autoantibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Hövelmeyer
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
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35
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Neufert C, Pickert G, Zheng Y, Wittkopf N, Warntjen M, Nikolaev A, Ouyang W, Neurath MF, Becker C. Activation of epithelial STAT3 regulates intestinal homeostasis. Cell Cycle 2010; 9:652-5. [PMID: 20160497 DOI: 10.4161/cc.9.4.10615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal epithelium that lines the mucosal surface along the GI-tract is a key player for the intestinal homeostasis of the healthy individual. In case of a mucosal damage or a barrier defect as seen in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, the balance is disturbed, and translocation of intestinal microbes to the submucosa is facilitated. We recently demonstrated a pivotal role of STAT3 activation in intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) for the restoration of the balance at the mucosal surface of the gut in an experimental colitis model. STAT3 was rapidly induced in intestinal epithelial cells upon challenge of mice in both experimental colitis and intestinal wound healing models. STAT3 activation was found to be dispensable in the steady-state conditions but was important for efficient regeneration of the epithelium in response to injury. Here, we extend our previous findings by showing epithelial STAT3 activation in human patients suffering from IBD and provide additional insights how the activation of epithelial STAT3 by IL-22 regulates intestinal homeostasis and mucosal wound healing. We also demonstrate that antibody-mediated neutralization of IL-22 has little impact on the development of experimental colitis in mice, but significantly delays recovery from colitis. Thus, our data suggest that targeting the STAT3 signaling pathway in IEC is a promising therapeutic approach in situations when the intestinal homeostasis is disturbed, e.g., as seen in Crohn's disease or Ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens Neufert
- Medical Clinic I, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
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36
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Neufert C, Pickert G, Zheng Y, Wittkopf N, Warntjen M, Nikolaev A, Ouyang W, Neurath MF, Becker C. Activation of epithelial STAT3 regulates intestinal homeostasis. Cell Cycle 2010. [PMID: 20160497 DOI: 10.4161/cc.9.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The intestinal epithelium that lines the mucosal surface along the GI-tract is a key player for the intestinal homeostasis of the healthy individual. In case of a mucosal damage or a barrier defect as seen in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, the balance is disturbed, and translocation of intestinal microbes to the submucosa is facilitated. We recently demonstrated a pivotal role of STAT3 activation in intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) for the restoration of the balance at the mucosal surface of the gut in an experimental colitis model. STAT3 was rapidly induced in intestinal epithelial cells upon challenge of mice in both experimental colitis and intestinal wound healing models. STAT3 activation was found to be dispensable in the steady-state conditions but was important for efficient regeneration of the epithelium in response to injury. Here, we extend our previous findings by showing epithelial STAT3 activation in human patients suffering from IBD and provide additional insights how the activation of epithelial STAT3 by IL-22 regulates intestinal homeostasis and mucosal wound healing. We also demonstrate that antibody-mediated neutralization of IL-22 has little impact on the development of experimental colitis in mice, but significantly delays recovery from colitis. Thus, our data suggest that targeting the STAT3 signaling pathway in IEC is a promising therapeutic approach in situations when the intestinal homeostasis is disturbed, e.g., as seen in Crohn's disease or Ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens Neufert
- Medical Clinic I, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
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37
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Krambrich D, Zehr F, Fix A, Roca L, Aguar P, Ahrens J, Annand JRM, Arends HJ, Beck R, Bekrenev V, Boillat B, Braghieri A, Branford D, Briscoe WJ, Brudvik J, Cherepnya S, Codling R, Downie EJ, Dexler P, Glazier DI, Grabmayr P, Gregor R, Heid E, Hornidge D, Jahn O, Kashevarov VL, Knezevic A, Kondratiev R, Korolija M, Kotulla M, Krusche B, Kulbardis A, Lang M, Lisin V, Livingston K, Lugert S, MacGregor IJD, Manley DM, Martinez M, McGeorge JC, Mekterovic D, Metag V, Nefkens BMK, Nikolaev A, Pedroni P, Pheron F, Polonski A, Prakhov SN, Price JW, Rosner G, Rost M, Rostomyan T, Schumann S, Sober D, Starostin A, Supek I, Tarbert CM, Thomas A, Unverzagt M, Walcher T, Watts DP. Beam-helicity asymmetries in double-pion photoproduction off the proton. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 103:052002. [PMID: 19792489 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.052002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2008] [Revised: 06/18/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Beam-helicity asymmetries have been measured at the MAMI accelerator in Mainz in the three isospin channels gamma[over -->]p-->pi(+)pi(0)n, gamma[over -->]p-->pi(0)pi(0)p, and gamma[over -->]p-->pi(+)pi(-)p. The circularly polarized photons, produced from bremsstrahlung of longitudinally polarized electrons, were tagged with the Glasgow magnetic spectrometer. Charged pions and the decay photons of pi(0) mesons were detected in a 4pi electromagnetic calorimeter which combined the Crystal Ball detector with the TAPS detector. The precisely measured asymmetries are very sensitive to details of the production processes and are thus key observables in the modeling of the reaction dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Krambrich
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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38
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Tarbert CM, Watts DP, Aguar P, Ahrens J, Annand JRM, Arends HJ, Beck R, Bekrenev V, Boillat B, Braghieri A, Branford D, Briscoe WJ, Brudvik J, Cherepnya S, Codling R, Downie EJ, Föhl K, Glazier DI, Grabmayr P, Gregor R, Heid E, Hornidge D, Jahn O, Kashevarov VL, Knezevic A, Kondratiev R, Korolija M, Kotulla M, Krambrich D, Krusche B, Lang M, Lisin V, Livingston K, Lugert S, Macgregor IJD, Manley DM, Martinez M, McGeorge JC, Mekterovic D, Metag V, Nefkens BMK, Nikolaev A, Novotny R, Owens RO, Pedroni P, Polonski A, Prakhov SN, Price JW, Rosner G, Rost M, Rostomyan T, Schadmand S, Schumann S, Sober D, Starostin A, Supek I, Thomas A, Unverzagt M, Walcher T, Zehr F. Incoherent neutral pion photoproduction on 12C. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 100:132301. [PMID: 18517938 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.132301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We present the first detailed measurement of incoherent photoproduction of neutral pions to a discrete state of a residual nucleus. The 12C(gamma,pi(0))(12)C*(4.4 MeV) reaction has been studied with the Glasgow photon tagger at MAMI employing a new technique which uses the large solid angle Crystal Ball detector both as a pi(0) spectrometer and to detect decay photons from the excited residual nucleus. The technique has potential applications to a broad range of future nuclear measurements with the Crystal Ball and similar detector systems elsewhere. Such data are sensitive to the propagation of the Delta in the nuclear medium and will give the first information on matter transition form factors from measurements with an electromagnetic probe. The incoherent cross sections are compared to two theoretical predictions including a Delta-hole model.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Tarbert
- School of Physics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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39
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Dominitzki S, Fantini MC, Neufert C, Nikolaev A, Galle PR, Scheller J, Monteleone G, Rose-John S, Neurath MF, Becker C. Cutting edge: trans-signaling via the soluble IL-6R abrogates the induction of FoxP3 in naive CD4+CD25 T cells. J Immunol 2007; 179:2041-5. [PMID: 17675459 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.179.4.2041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory diseases may develop when regulatory T cells (Tregs) fail to control the balance between tolerance and immunity. Alternatively, activated immune cells might prevent the induction or activation of Tregs in such diseases. In this study, we demonstrate that trans-signaling into T cells via the soluble IL-6 receptor completely abrogates the de novo induction of adaptive Tregs. Mechanistically, IL-6 trans-signaling augmented the expression of the TGF-beta signaling inhibitor SMAD7. Consequently, SMAD7 overexpression in T cells using newly created transgenic mice rendered CD4(+)CD25(-) T cells resistant to the induction of FoxP3. Finally, IL-6 trans-signaling inhibited Treg-mediated suppression in a murine model of colitis. In summary, IL-6 trans-signaling into T cells emerges as a key pathway for blockade of the development of adaptive Tregs and thus may play a pivotal role in shifting the balance between effector and regulatory T cell numbers in chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Autoimmune Diseases/genetics
- Autoimmune Diseases/immunology
- Autoimmune Diseases/pathology
- Chronic Disease
- Colitis/genetics
- Colitis/immunology
- Colitis/metabolism
- Colitis/pathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Forkhead Transcription Factors/biosynthesis
- Forkhead Transcription Factors/genetics
- Forkhead Transcription Factors/immunology
- Gene Expression Regulation/immunology
- Humans
- Inflammation/genetics
- Inflammation/immunology
- Inflammation/metabolism
- Inflammation/pathology
- Interleukin-6/immunology
- Interleukin-6/pharmacology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, SCID
- Mice, Transgenic
- Receptors, Interleukin-6/genetics
- Receptors, Interleukin-6/immunology
- Receptors, Interleukin-6/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Signal Transduction/immunology
- Smad7 Protein/genetics
- Smad7 Protein/immunology
- Smad7 Protein/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/pathology
- Transforming Growth Factor beta/genetics
- Transforming Growth Factor beta/immunology
- Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Dominitzki
- Laboratory of Immunology, Medical Clinic I, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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40
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Nenci A, Becker C, Wullaert A, Gareus R, van Loo G, Danese S, Huth M, Nikolaev A, Neufert C, Madison B, Gumucio D, Neurath MF, Pasparakis M. Epithelial NEMO links innate immunity to chronic intestinal inflammation. Nature 2007; 446:557-61. [PMID: 17361131 DOI: 10.1038/nature05698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 903] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2006] [Accepted: 02/23/2007] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Deregulation of intestinal immune responses seems to have a principal function in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. The gut epithelium is critically involved in the maintenance of intestinal immune homeostasis-acting as a physical barrier separating luminal bacteria and immune cells, and also expressing antimicrobial peptides. However, the molecular mechanisms that control this function of gut epithelial cells are poorly understood. Here we show that the transcription factor NF-kappaB, a master regulator of pro-inflammatory responses, functions in gut epithelial cells to control epithelial integrity and the interaction between the mucosal immune system and gut microflora. Intestinal epithelial-cell-specific inhibition of NF-kappaB through conditional ablation of NEMO (also called IkappaB kinase-gamma (IKKgamma)) or both IKK1 (IKKalpha) and IKK2 (IKKbeta)-IKK subunits essential for NF-kappaB activation-spontaneously caused severe chronic intestinal inflammation in mice. NF-kappaB deficiency led to apoptosis of colonic epithelial cells, impaired expression of antimicrobial peptides and translocation of bacteria into the mucosa. Concurrently, this epithelial defect triggered a chronic inflammatory response in the colon, initially dominated by innate immune cells but later also involving T lymphocytes. Deficiency of the gene encoding the adaptor protein MyD88 prevented the development of intestinal inflammation, demonstrating that Toll-like receptor activation by intestinal bacteria is essential for disease pathogenesis in this mouse model. Furthermore, NEMO deficiency sensitized epithelial cells to tumour-necrosis factor (TNF)-induced apoptosis, whereas TNF receptor-1 inactivation inhibited intestinal inflammation, demonstrating that TNF receptor-1 signalling is crucial for disease induction. These findings demonstrate that a primary NF-kappaB signalling defect in intestinal epithelial cells disrupts immune homeostasis in the gastrointestinal tract, causing an inflammatory-bowel-disease-like phenotype. Our results identify NF-kappaB signalling in the gut epithelium as a critical regulator of epithelial integrity and intestinal immune homeostasis, and have important implications for understanding the mechanisms controlling the pathogenesis of human inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Nenci
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Strasse 47, 50674 Cologne, Germany
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41
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Becker C, Dornhoff H, Neufert C, Fantini MC, Wirtz S, Huebner S, Nikolaev A, Lehr HA, Murphy AJ, Valenzuela DM, Yancopoulos GD, Galle PR, Karow M, Neurath MF. Cutting edge: IL-23 cross-regulates IL-12 production in T cell-dependent experimental colitis. J Immunol 2006; 177:2760-4. [PMID: 16920909 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.177.5.2760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Although IL-12 and IL-23 share the common p40 subunit, IL-23, rather than IL-12, seems to drive the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and arthritis, because IL-23/p19 knockout mice are protected from disease. In contrast, we describe in this study that newly created LacZ knockin mice deficient for IL-23 p19 were highly susceptible for the development of experimental T cell-mediated TNBS colitis and showed even more severe colitis than wild-type mice by endoscopic and histologic criteria. Subsequent studies revealed that dendritic cells from p19-deficient mice produce elevated levels of IL-12, and that IL-23 down-regulates IL-12 expression upon TLR ligation. Finally, in vivo blockade of IL-12 p40 in IL-23-deficient mice rescued mice from lethal colitis. Taken together, our data identify cross-regulation of IL-12 expression by IL-23 as novel key regulatory pathway during initiation of T cell dependent colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Becker
- Laboratory of Immunology, First Medical Clinic, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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42
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Fantini MC, Becker C, Tubbe I, Nikolaev A, Lehr HA, Galle P, Neurath MF. Transforming growth factor beta induced FoxP3+ regulatory T cells suppress Th1 mediated experimental colitis. Gut 2006; 55:671-80. [PMID: 16162681 PMCID: PMC1856126 DOI: 10.1136/gut.2005.072801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 09/05/2005] [Accepted: 09/09/2005] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The imbalance between effector and regulatory T cells plays a central role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases. In addition to the thymus, CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells can be induced in the periphery from a population of CD25- T cells by treatment with transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta). Here, we analysed the in vivo function of TGF-beta induced regulatory T (Ti-Treg) cells in experimental colitis. METHODS Ti-Treg cells were generated in cell culture in the presence or absence of TGF-beta and tested for their regulatory potential in experimental colitis using the CD4+CD62L+ T cell transfer model. RESULTS Ti-Treg cells significantly suppressed Th1 mediated colitis on CD4+CD62L+ T cell transfer in vivo, as shown by high resolution endoscopy, histology, immunohistochemistry, and cytokine analysis. Further analysis of in vivo and in vitro expanded Ti-Treg cells showed that exogenous interleukin 2 (IL-2) was crucial for survival and expansion of these cells. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that regulatory Ti-Treg cells expand by TGF-beta and exogenous IL-2 derived from effector T cells at the site of inflammation. In addition to Tr1 and thymic CD4+CD25+ T cells, peripheral Ti-Treg cells emerge as a class of regulatory T cells with therapeutic potential in T cell mediated chronic intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Fantini
- Laboratory of Immunology, I Medical Clinic, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Becker C, Fantini MC, Wirtz S, Nikolaev A, Kiesslich R, Lehr HA, Galle PR, Neurath MF. In vivo imaging of colitis and colon cancer development in mice using high resolution chromoendoscopy. Gut 2005; 54:950-4. [PMID: 15951540 PMCID: PMC1774595 DOI: 10.1136/gut.2004.061283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mouse models of colitis and cancer are indispensable for our understanding of the pathogenesis of these diseases. In the past, mice had to be sacrificed in order to analyse colitis activity and tumour development. We have developed a safe method for high resolution endoscopic monitoring of living mice. METHODS Mice developing colitis or colonic tumours were anaesthetised using avertine and repeatedly examined by endoscopy. A novel miniendoscope (1.9 mm outer diameter), denoted Coloview, was introduced via the anus and the colon was carefully insufflated with an air pump before analysis of the colonic mucosa. An extra working channel allowed the introduction of biopsy forceps or injection needles as well as surface staining with methylene blue in order to visualise the surface of the crypts and the pit pattern architecture. RESULTS Endoscopic pictures obtained were of high quality and allowed monitoring and grading of disease. Scoring of colitis activity as well as tumour size and growth was possible. In addition, pit pattern analysis using chromoendoscopy permitted discrimination between inflammatory and neoplastic changes. Biopsies yielded enough tissue for molecular and histopathological analyses. CONCLUSIONS In summary, chromoendoscopy in mice allows monitoring of the development of colitis and colon cancer with high resolution. Manipulations such as local injection of reagents or taking biopsies can be performed easily.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Becker
- Laboratory of Immunology, I Medical Clinic, University of Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55101 Mainz, Germany
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Becker C, Fantini MC, Wirtz S, Nikolaev A, Lehr HA, Galle PR, Rose-John S, Neurath MF. IL-6 signaling promotes tumor growth in colorectal cancer. Cell Cycle 2005. [PMID: 15655344 DOI: 10.4161/cc.4.2.1413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent investigations support an important role for TGF-beta in the development of colorectal cancer. However, the molecular consequences of TGF-beta signaling in the colon remains incompletely understood. In a recent study in Immunity, we analyzed the role of TGF-beta in a murine model of colon cancer. Using transgenic mice overexpressing TGF-beta or a dominant negative TGF-beta receptor II under control of the CD2 minigene, we show that TGF-beta signaling in tumor infiltrating T lymphocytes regulates the growth of dysplastic colon epithelial cells, as determined by histology and a novel system for high resolution chromoendoscopy in vivo. At the molecular level, TGF-beta signaling in T cells regulated STAT-3 activation in tumor cells via IL-6. IL-6 signaling required tumor cell derived soluble IL-6R rather than membrane bound IL-6R and suppression of such TGF-beta-dependent IL-6 trans-signaling prevented tumor progression in vivo. Similar to these observations in mice, here we show that human colon cancer tissue expressed only low amounts of membrane bound IL-6R. In contrast, expression and activity of the matrix metalloproteinase TACE were increased. In summary, our data provide novel insights into the role of TGF-beta signaling in colorectal cancer and suggest novel therapeutic approaches for colorectal cancer based on an inhibition of TGF-beta-dependent IL-6 trans-signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Becker
- Lab. of Immunology, I. Medical Clinic, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Becker C, Fantini MC, Wirtz S, Nikolaev A, Lehr HA, Galle PR, Rose-John S, Neurath MF. IL-6 signaling promotes tumor growth in colorectal cancer. Cell Cycle 2005; 4:217-20. [PMID: 15655344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent investigations support an important role for TGF-beta in the development of colorectal cancer. However, the molecular consequences of TGF-beta signaling in the colon remains incompletely understood. In a recent study in Immunity, we analyzed the role of TGF-beta in a murine model of colon cancer. Using transgenic mice overexpressing TGF-beta or a dominant negative TGF-beta receptor II under control of the CD2 minigene, we show that TGF-beta signaling in tumor infiltrating T lymphocytes regulates the growth of dysplastic colon epithelial cells, as determined by histology and a novel system for high resolution chromoendoscopy in vivo. At the molecular level, TGF-beta signaling in T cells regulated STAT-3 activation in tumor cells via IL-6. IL-6 signaling required tumor cell derived soluble IL-6R rather than membrane bound IL-6R and suppression of such TGF-beta-dependent IL-6 trans-signaling prevented tumor progression in vivo. Similar to these observations in mice, here we show that human colon cancer tissue expressed only low amounts of membrane bound IL-6R. In contrast, expression and activity of the matrix metalloproteinase TACE were increased. In summary, our data provide novel insights into the role of TGF-beta signaling in colorectal cancer and suggest novel therapeutic approaches for colorectal cancer based on an inhibition of TGF-beta-dependent IL-6 trans-signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Becker
- Lab. of Immunology, I. Medical Clinic, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Becker C, Fantini MC, Schramm C, Lehr HA, Wirtz S, Nikolaev A, Burg J, Strand S, Kiesslich R, Huber S, Ito H, Nishimoto N, Yoshizaki K, Kishimoto T, Galle PR, Blessing M, Rose-John S, Neurath MF. TGF-beta suppresses tumor progression in colon cancer by inhibition of IL-6 trans-signaling. Immunity 2004; 21:491-501. [PMID: 15485627 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2004.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 576] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2004] [Revised: 07/09/2004] [Accepted: 07/28/2004] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Alterations of TGF-beta signaling have been described in colorectal cancer, although the molecular consequences are largely unknown. By using transgenic mice overexpressing TGF-beta or a dominant-negative TGF-betaRII, we demonstrate that TGF-beta signaling in tumor infiltrating T lymphocytes controls the growth of dysplastic epithelial cells in experimental colorectal cancer, as determined by histology and a novel system for high-resolution chromoendoscopy. At the molecular level, TGF-beta signaling in T cells regulated STAT-3 activation in tumor cells via IL-6. IL-6 signaling required tumor cell-derived soluble IL-6R rather than membrane bound IL-6R and suppression of such TGF-beta-dependent IL-6 trans-signaling prevented tumor progression in vivo. Taken together, our data provide novel insights into TGF-beta signaling in colorectal cancer and suggest novel therapeutic approaches for colorectal cancer based on inhibition of TGF-beta-dependent IL-6 trans-signaling.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Blotting, Western
- Colonic Neoplasms/immunology
- Colonic Neoplasms/metabolism
- Colonic Neoplasms/pathology
- DNA-Binding Proteins/immunology
- DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Disease Progression
- Endoscopy, Digestive System
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Interleukin-6/immunology
- Interleukin-6/metabolism
- Intestinal Mucosa/immunology
- Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Transgenic
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases
- Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type II
- Receptors, Interleukin-6/immunology
- Receptors, Interleukin-6/metabolism
- Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta/genetics
- Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta/immunology
- Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/immunology
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- STAT3 Transcription Factor
- Signal Transduction/physiology
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Trans-Activators/immunology
- Trans-Activators/metabolism
- Transforming Growth Factor beta/genetics
- Transforming Growth Factor beta/immunology
- Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Becker
- Laboratory of Immunology, I. Medical Clinic, University of Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
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Melnik Y, Soukhoveev V, Ivantsov V, Sizov V, Pechnikov A, Tsvetkov K, Kovalenkov O, Dmitriev V, Nikolaev A, Kuznetsov N, Silveira E, Freitas J. AlN substrates: fabrication via vapor phase growth and characterization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/pssa.200303522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Tarantul V, Nikolaev A, Hannig H, Kalmyrzaev B, Muchoyan I, Maximov V, Nenasheva V, Dubovaya V, Hunsmann G, Bodemer W. Detection of abundantly transcribed genes and gene translocation in human immunodeficiency virus-associated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Neoplasia 2001; 3:132-42. [PMID: 11420749 PMCID: PMC1505419 DOI: 10.1038/sj.neo.7900137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2000] [Accepted: 02/07/2000] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Several novel, differentially transcribed genes were identified in one centroblastic and one immunoblastic HIV-associated B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL) by subtractive cloning. In both lymphomas, we detected an upregulated transcription of several mitochondrial genes. In the centroblastic B-NHL, we found a high level transcription of nuclear genes including the interferon-inducible gene (INF-ind), the immunoglobulin light chain gene (IgL), the set oncogene, and several unknown genes. The data obtained on upregulated expression of the genes in human B-NHL of HIV-infected patients considerably overlap with those obtained earlier for the B-NHL of simian immunodeficiency virus-infected monkeys. In the centroblastic lymphoma, one transcript revealed a fusion of the 3'-untranslated region of the set gene and the C-terminal region of the IgL gene. This chimeric sequence was confirmed by a site-directed polymerase chain reaction performed with total cDNA and genomic DNA. The expected amplification product was obtained in both cases pointing to a genomic rearrangement. The IgL-set fusion sequence was not found in cDNA preparations and genomic DNA of the immunoblastic HIV-associated B-NHL. Further studies are necessary to determine whether these genes contribute to lymphoma development or can be used as therapeutic targets.
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MESH Headings
- 3' Untranslated Regions
- Base Sequence
- Blotting, Northern
- Blotting, Southern
- Cloning, Molecular
- DNA, Complementary/metabolism
- Databases, Factual
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Humans
- Immunoblotting
- Immunoglobulins/metabolism
- Lymphoma/metabolism
- Lymphoma, AIDS-Related/metabolism
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/virology
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
- Transcription, Genetic
- Up-Regulation
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Affiliation(s)
- V Tarantul
- Department of Viral and Cellular Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Moscow 123182, Russia.
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Kaznacheyeva E, Zubov A, Nikolaev A, Alexeenko V, Bezprozvanny I, Mozhayeva GN. Plasma membrane calcium channels in human carcinoma A431 cells are functionally coupled to inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate complexes. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:4561-4. [PMID: 10671480 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.275.7.4561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In most nonexcitable cells, calcium (Ca(2+)) release from inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP(3))-sensitive intracellular Ca(2+) stores is coupled to Ca(2+) influx (calcium release-activated channels (I(CRAC))) pathway. Despite intense investigation, the molecular identity of I(CRAC) and the mechanism of its activation remain poorly understood. InsP(3)-dependent miniature calcium channels (I(min)) display functional properties characteristic for I(CRAC). Here we used patch clamp recordings of I(min) channels in human carcinoma A431 cells to demonstrate that I(min) activity was greatly enchanced in the presence of anti-phosphatidylinositol 4, 5-bisphosphate antibody (PIP(2)Ab) and diminished in the presence of PIP(2). Anti-PIP(2) antibody induced a greater than 6-fold increase in I(min) sensitivity for InsP(3) activation and an almost 4-fold change in I(min) maximal open probability. The addition of exogenous PIP(2) vesicles to the cytosolic surface of inside-out patches inhibited I(min) activity. These results lead us to propose an existence of a Ca(2+) influx pathway in nonexcitable cells activated via direct conformational coupling with a selected population of InsP(3) receptors, located just underneath the plasma membrane and coupled to PIP(2). The described pathway provides for a highly compartmentalized Ca(2+) influx and intracellular Ca(2+) store refilling mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Kaznacheyeva
- Institute of Cytology RAS, 4 Tikhoretsky Ave., St. Petersburg 194064, Russia
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Anokhin AP, Lutzenberger W, Nikolaev A, Birbaumer N. Complexity of electrocortical dynamics in children: developmental aspects. Dev Psychobiol 2000; 36:9-22. [PMID: 10607357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Dimensional complexity (DCx) is an EEG measure derived from nonlinear systems theory that can be indicative of the global dynamical complexity of electrocortical activity. This study examined developmental changes in DCx, as well as the effects of cognitive tasks, gender, and brain topography, and compared DCx with traditional spectral power measures. EEG was recorded in three groups of children at mean age of 7.5 (n = 37), 13.8 (n = 42), and 16.4 (n = 56) years at rest and during the performance of verbal and spatial cognitive tasks. DCx measured both at rest and during tasks increased with age. Specific effects of brain topography, condition, and gender became stronger with age, suggesting an increase in structural and functional differentiation of the cortex. Hemispheric asymmetry of DCx recorded during tasks also increased with age, with the task-induced DCx reduction being stronger in the left hemisphere. Gender differences in DCx suggested faster cerebral maturation in girls over late adolescence. Relationships between DCx and spectral power varied as a function of tasks and scalp locations, suggesting that these EEG measures can reflect different aspects of cortical functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Anokhin
- Dept. of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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