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Liu T, Bu Z, Xiang K, Jia Y, Du S. Effects of non-pelleted or pelleted low-native grass and pelleted high-native grass diets on meat quality by regulating the rumen microbiota in lambs. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0375823. [PMID: 38363135 PMCID: PMC10986533 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03758-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Diet modulates the rumen microbiota, which in turn can impact the animal performance. The rumen microbiota is increasingly recognized for its crucial role in regulating the growth and meat quality of the host. Nevertheless, the mechanism by which the rumen microbiome influences the fatty acid and amino acid profiles of lambs in the grass feeding system remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different native grass-based diets on animal performance, meat quality, fatty acid compositions, amino acid profiles, and rumen microbiota of lamb. Seventy-two Ujumqin lambs were randomly assigned into three treatments according to the initial body weight (27.39 ± 0.51 kg) and age (6 months ± 6 days). The lambs received three diets: (i) non-pelleted native grass hay with 40% concentrate diet; the native grass and concentrate were fed individually; (ii) pelleted native grass hay with 40% concentrate diet (PHLC); (iii) pelleted native grass hay with 60% concentrate diet (PHHC). The results showed that among the three groups, the PHHC and PHLC diets had markedly (P < 0.05) higher average daily gain and pH45 min, respectively. All amino acid levels were significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in the PHHC diet than in the PHLC diet. The principal coordinate analysis of the ruminal microbiota indicated the markedly distinct separation (P = 0.001) among the three groups. In addition, the correlation analysis showed that the Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, Prevotellaceae_UCG-003, Succinivibrio, and Succiniclasticum were significantly (P < 0.05) associated with most of the fatty acid and amino acid profiles. The correlation analysis of the association of microbiome with the meat quality provides us with a comprehensive understanding of the composition and function of the rumen microbial community, and these findings will contribute to the direction of future research in lamb. IMPORTANCE Diet modulates the gut microbiome, which in turn impact the meat quality, yet few studies investigate the correlation between the rumen microbiome and the fatty acid profile of meat. Here, the current study develops an experiment to investigate the correlation of the rumen microbiome and fatty acid profile of meat: rumen microbiome responses to feed type and meat quality. The results indicated a unique microbiota in the rumen of lamb in response to diets and meat quality. Associations between utilization and production were widely identified among the affected microbiome and meat quality, and these findings will contribute to the direction of future research in lamb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyu Liu
- College of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia University of Nationalities, Tongliao, China
| | - Zhenkun Bu
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Agriculture Genomics Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agriculture Genomics Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kaifeng Xiang
- Forest and Grassland Protection and Development Center, Chifeng, China
| | - Yushan Jia
- Key Laboratory of Forage Cultivation, Processing and High Efficient Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Shuai Du
- Key Laboratory of Forage Cultivation, Processing and High Efficient Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
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Shao D, Yu C, Chen Y, Qiu X, Chen J, Zhao H, Chen K, Wang X, Chen P, Gao G, Zhu A. Lipids signaling and unsaturation of fatty acids participate in ramie response to submergence stress and hypoxia-responsive gene regulation. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130104. [PMID: 38350586 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Ramie is a valuable crop that produces high-quality fibers and holds promise in ecological management and potential therapeutic properties. The damage of submergence during the fertile period seriously affects the growth of ramie. This study used transcriptomics and UPLC-QTOF/MS-based lipidomics analysis to reveal the lipids remodeling and stress adaptation mechanism in ramie response to submergence. The results of subcellular distribution showed that lipids in ramie leaf cells mostly aggregate in the inter-chloroplast cytoplasm to form lipid droplets under submergence stress. High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and lipidomics analysis showed that the composition and content of lipids in ramie leaves significantly changed under submergence stress, and the content of fatty acids (FAs) gradually accumulated with the extension of the submergence treatment time. Further analysis revealed that the content of 18:3 (n3) Coenzyme A (C18:3-CoA) increased significantly with the prolongation of submergence stress, and the exogenous addition of C18:3-CoA activated the expression of hypoxia-responsive marker genes such as BnADH1, BnPCO2, BnADH1, and BnPDC1. These results suggest that the ramie lipid metabolism pathways were significantly affected under submergence, and the C18:3-CoA may act directly or indirectly on the hypoxia-responsive genes to activate their transcriptional activities, thereby enhancing the tolerance of ramie to submergence stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyi Shao
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, PR China
| | - Chunming Yu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, PR China
| | - Yu Chen
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, PR China
| | - Xiaojun Qiu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, PR China
| | - Jikang Chen
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, PR China
| | - Haohan Zhao
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, PR China
| | - Kunmei Chen
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, PR China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, PR China
| | - Ping Chen
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, PR China.
| | - Gang Gao
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, PR China.
| | - Aiguo Zhu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, PR China.
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Jie H, He P, Zhao L, Ma Y, Jie Y. Molecular Mechanisms Regulating Phenylpropanoid Metabolism in Exogenously-Sprayed Ethylene Forage Ramie Based on Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3899. [PMID: 38005796 PMCID: PMC10675582 DOI: 10.3390/plants12223899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Ramie (Boehmeria nivea [L.] Gaud.), a nutritious animal feed, is rich in protein and produces a variety of secondary metabolites that increase its palatability and functional composition. Ethylene (ETH) is an important plant hormone that regulates the growth and development of various crops. In this study, we investigated the impact of ETH sprays on the growth and metabolism of forage ramie. We explored the mechanism of ETH regulation on the growth and secondary metabolites of forage ramie using transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses. Spraying ramie with ETH elevated the contents of flavonoids and chlorogenic acid and decreased the lignin content in the leaves and stems. A total of 1076 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 51 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) were identified in the leaves, and 344 DEGs and 55 DEMs were identified in the stems. The DEGs that affect phenylpropanoid metabolism, including BGLU41, LCT, PER63, PER42, PER12, PER10, POD, BAHD1, SHT, and At4g26220 were significantly upregulated in the leaves. Ethylene sprays downregulated tyrosine and chlorogenic acid (3-O-caffeoylquinic acid) in the leaves, but lignin biosynthesis HCT genes, including ACT, BAHD1, and SHT, were up- and downregulated. These changes in expression may ultimately reduce lignin biosynthesis. In addition, the upregulation of caffeoyl CoA-O-methyltransferase (CCoAOMT) may have increased the abundance of its flavonoids. Ethylene significantly downregulated metabolites, affecting phenylpropanoid metabolism in the stems. The differential 4CL and HCT metabolites were downregulated, namely, phenylalanine and tyrosine. Additionally, ETH upregulated 2-hydroxycinnamic acid and the cinnamyl hydroxyl derivatives (caffeic acid and p-coumaric acid). Cinnamic acid is a crucial intermediate in the shikimic acid pathway, which serves as a precursor for the biosynthesis of flavonoids and lignin. The ETH-decreased gene expression and metabolite alteration reduced the lignin levels in the stem. Moreover, the HCT downregulation may explain the inhibited lignin biosynthesis to promote flavonoid biosynthesis. In conclusion, external ETH application can effectively reduce lignin contents and increase the secondary metabolites of ramie without affecting its growth and development. These results provide candidate genes for improving ramie and offer theoretical and practical guidance for cultivating ramie for forage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongdong Jie
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (H.J.); (P.H.); (L.Z.); (Y.M.)
| | - Pengliang He
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (H.J.); (P.H.); (L.Z.); (Y.M.)
| | - Long Zhao
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (H.J.); (P.H.); (L.Z.); (Y.M.)
| | - Yushen Ma
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (H.J.); (P.H.); (L.Z.); (Y.M.)
| | - Yucheng Jie
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (H.J.); (P.H.); (L.Z.); (Y.M.)
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Grass Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Changsha 410128, China
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Li S, Wang S, Ye W, Yao Y, Sun F, Zhang C, Liu S, Xi Y. Effect of Mowing on Wheat Growth at Seeding Stage. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15353. [PMID: 37895031 PMCID: PMC10607078 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Winter wheat is used as forage at the tillering stage in many countries; however, the regrowth pattern of wheat after mowing remains unclear. In this study, the growth patterns of wheat were revealed through cytological and physiological assessments as well as transcriptome sequencing. The results of agronomic traits and paraffin sections showed that the shoot growth rate increased, but root growth was inhibited after mowing. The submicroscopic structure revealed a decrease in heterochromatin in the tillering node cell and a change in mitochondrial shape in the tillering node and secondary root. Analysis of the transcriptome showed the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions; 2492 upregulated DEGs and 1534 downregulated DEGs were identified. The results of the experimental study showed that mowing induced expression of DEGs in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway and increased the activity of PAL and 4CL. The upregulated DEGs in the starch and sucrose metabolism pathways and related enzyme activity alterations indicated that the sugar degradation rate increased. The DEGs in the nitrogen metabolism pathway biosynthesis of the amino acids, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis metabolism, and in the TCA pathway also changed after mowing. Hormone content and related gene expression was also altered in the tillering and secondary roots after mowing. When jasmonic acid and ethylene were used to treat the wheat after mowing, the regeneration rate increased, whereas abscisic acid inhibited regrowth. This study revealed the wheat growth patterns after mowing, which could lead to a better understanding of the development of dual-purpose wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yajun Xi
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (S.L.); (S.W.); (W.Y.); (Y.Y.); (F.S.); (C.Z.); (S.L.)
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Chen K, Li Y, Yu C, Chen P, Chen J, Gao G, Wang X, Xiong H, Zhu A. Systematic evaluation of ramie (Boehmeria nivea L.) for phytoremediation of cadmium contaminated soil and the mechanism of microbial regulation. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 337:139298. [PMID: 37391082 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Ramie is an ideal crop for remediation of cadmium (Cd) contaminated soil. However, there is a lack of rapid and effective evaluation system for Cd tolerance of ramie germplasms, and also a lack of systematic and in-depth research under Cd contaminated field conditions. This study innovatively developed a rapid screening system of "hydroponics-pot planting", and 196 core germplasms were used to quickly and effectively identify their Cd tolerance and Cd enrichment capacity. Then, two excellent varieties were selected to carry out a 4 years of field experiment under Cd contaminated field to study the remediation model, evaluation of reuse after repair and the mechanism of microbial regulation. The results showed that ramie adopted the cycle mode of "Absorption-activating soil Cd-Migration-Absorption" to remediate on Cd contaminated field, and the application of ramie for remediation had good ecological and economic benefits. Ten dominant genera such as Pseudonocardiales, as well as the key functional genes (mdtC, mdtB, mdtB/yegN, actR, rpoS, and ABA transporter gene) in rhizosphere soil, were identified to participate in activating Cd in rhizosphere soil and promoting ramie to enrich Cd. This study provides a technical route and practical production experience for the research field of phytoremediation of heavy metal pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunmei Chen
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410205, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Yulan Li
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410205, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Chunming Yu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410205, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Ping Chen
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410205, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Jikang Chen
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410205, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Gang Gao
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410205, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410205, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Heping Xiong
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410205, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Aiguo Zhu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410205, Hunan Province, China.
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6
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Chen F, He J, Wang X, Lv T, Liu C, Liao L, Li Z, Zhou J, He B, Qiu H, Lin Q. Effect of Dietary Ramie Powder at Various Levels on the Growth Performance, Meat Quality, Serum Biochemical Indices and Antioxidative Capacity of Yanling White Geese. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12162045. [PMID: 36009636 PMCID: PMC9404410 DOI: 10.3390/ani12162045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effects of different levels of ramie powder (Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaudich.) (i.e., 0%, 6%, 12% and 24%) on the production performance, serum biochemical indices, antioxidative capacity and intestinal development of Yanling white geese, a total of 256 geese at 56 days of age were randomly divided into four groups and fed a control diet and the control diet supplemented with 6%, 12% and 24% ramie powder, respectively, for 42 days. The results show that dietary supplementation with 12% ramie powder significantly increased the average final weight (p < 0.05) and tended to improve the average daily gain (ADG) and feed/gain ratio (F/G) of the test geese (0.05 < p < 0.10). Moreover, the dietary inclusion of 12 and 24% ramie powder improved meat qualities by reducing the L* value (p < 0.05) and cooking loss (0.05 < p < 0.10) of thigh muscle. Compared with the control group, the ramie powder supplementation at different levels increased the serum activities of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione, promoting the antioxidative capacity of the body (0.05 < p < 0.10). This study demonstrates that moderate ramie powder is beneficial to the production performance of Yanling white geese and has the potential to be used as a poultry feed ingredient. In conclusion, 12% was the proper supplementation rate of ramie powder in Yanling white geese feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengming Chen
- Academician Workstation, Hunan Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, Changsha Medical University, Changsha 410219, China
| | - Jieyi He
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Tuo Lv
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Chunjie Liu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Liping Liao
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Zibo Li
- Academician Workstation, Hunan Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, Changsha Medical University, Changsha 410219, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Academician Workstation, Hunan Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, Changsha Medical University, Changsha 410219, China
| | - Bingsheng He
- Academician Workstation, Hunan Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, Changsha Medical University, Changsha 410219, China
| | - HuaJiao Qiu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- Correspondence: (H.Q.); (Q.L.)
| | - Qian Lin
- Academician Workstation, Hunan Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, Changsha Medical University, Changsha 410219, China
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- Correspondence: (H.Q.); (Q.L.)
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Lin Q, Liu Y, Wang X, Wang YZ, Huang P, Liu CJ, Liao LP, Li YH, Fan ZY, Zeng JG, Zhu SY, Qiu HJ. Effect of Dietary Ramie Powder ( Boehmeria nivea) at Various Levels on Growth Performance, Carcass and Meat Qualities, Biochemical Indices, and Antioxidative Capacity of Linwu Ducks. Front Physiol 2022; 13:839217. [PMID: 35356076 PMCID: PMC8959830 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.839217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Current experiment was designed to check the effect of dietary supplementation of ramie powder on the growth performance, carcass and meat qualities and antioxidative capacity of Linwu ducks. A total of 312 ducks at 21-day-age were equally divided into 4 groups, fed with control diet, control diet supplemented of 3, 6, or 12% ramie powder, respectively. The results showed that dietary supplementation of 6 and 12% ramie powder increased the final weight and daily body weight gain (P < 0.05), and dietary supplementation of 6% ramie improved the cooking loss of the leg meat 45-mins-postmortem compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Moreover, dietary supplementation of 6% ramie powder promoted the antioxidative capacity of the ducks by increasing the serum activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione (P < 0.05), as well as the mRNA expressions of glutathione peroxidase 1 in the breast meat and superoxide dismutase 1 in the leg meat (P < 0.05). This experiment demonstrated that dietary supplementation of ramie powder showed beneficial efficacy on the growth performance of Linwu ducks. It corroborated the potential of dietary ramie being used as poultry feed ingredient and suggested that 6% was the proper supplementation rate of ramie powder in Linwu ducks' feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Lin
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Deren Husbandry Technology Co., Ltd., Changde, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Hunan Deren Husbandry Technology Co., Ltd., Changde, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Yan-Zhou Wang
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Peng Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Chun-Jie Liu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Li-Ping Liao
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Ying-Hui Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Fan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Jian-Guo Zeng
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Si-Yuan Zhu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Hua-Jiao Qiu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
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Ginkgo Biloba L. Residues Partially Replacing Alfalfa Hay Pellet in Pelleted Total Mixed Ration on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Parameters, Rumen Fermentation, Immune Function and Meat Quality in Finishing Haimen White Goats. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11113046. [PMID: 34827778 PMCID: PMC8614405 DOI: 10.3390/ani11113046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sixty castrated male Haimen white growing goats with an initial age of 100 days old and similar body weight (16 ± 1.5 kg) were selected and randomly allocated into five groups with three replicates in each group with four goats in each pen (5 m × 3.2 m). Goats in the control group (CG) were fed a basal pelleted total mixed ration supplemented with 30% alfalfa hay pellet, while experimental treatments (G6, G12, G18, or G24) were supplemented with four levels (6%, 12%, 18%, or 24%) of GBLR replacing alfalfa hay pellet in the diet, separately. Results showed that (1) the final body weight, average daily gain, and average feed intake of G18 was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than CG; in contrast, the feed conversion ratio of G18 was significantly lower than CG and G12 (p < 0.05); the feed cost per head per day of CG was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that of G18 and G24, and exhibited obvious linearly decrease (p = 0.04) with increasing GBLR supplementation; and apparent total-tract digestibility of DM and NDF in GBLR treatments were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than CG; (2) alanine transaminase (ALT) concentration in the G18 group was significantly lower (p < 0.05) than those in the control group; aspartate transaminase (AST) concentration in the G24 was significantly lower (p < 0.05) than those in the control group, and an increase in dietary level of GBLR tended to result in a linear decrease (p = 0.09) in the concentration of serum AST; (3) the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) demonstrated a tendency to decrease (p = 0.06) linearly with increasing GBLR supplementation; however, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) activity in G12 was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than CG, G6, and G24; in addition, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in G18 was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than CG and G6; concentration of immunoglobulin M (IgM), immunoglobulin G (IgG), and immunoglobulin A (IgA) were not affected by GBLR, but increasing dietary GBLR showed a tendency (p = 0.08) to linearly increase the IgG concentration; the content of interleukin 4 (IL4) was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in G12, G18, and G24 than that in CG and G6; (4) There were similar NH3-N, pH, TVFA, and butyrate for goats fed different levels of GBLR supplementation; the C2 (p = 0.07) and acetate: propionate (p = 0.06) demonstrated a tendency to increase linearly with increasing level of GBLR supplementation, separately; however, it was observed that concentration of propionate showed a tendency to decrease (p = 0.08) linearly in response to GBLR supplementation; and (5) Increasing dietary GBLR tended to linearly enhance the lightness (L*) (p = 0.07) and yellowness (b*) (p = 0.09) values of longissimus dorsi muscles; the redness (a*) value in G18 was significantly higher than that in CG (p < 0.05).
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Tang S, He Y, Zhang P, Kang J, Yan Q, Han X, Tan Z, Wang H, Wu D, Yu L, Wang M, Zhou C, Jiao J. Substitution of ramie ( Boehmeria nivea) for alfalfa in improving the carcass and meat quality of Liuyang Black goats. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2021; 7:688-694. [PMID: 34430723 PMCID: PMC8367831 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2020.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Ramie (Boehmeria nivea) is noted for the production of a large biomass that has a high protein content and is rich in antioxidants. It may thus serve as a high-quality forage material to replace alfalfa and improve the meat quality of farmed animals. In this study, we evaluated the carcass characteristics and meat quality of goats when 0, 35%, 75%, and 100% of dietary alfalfa was replaced with ramie. Crude protein content (linear, P < 0.0001) and key muscle color values at 24 h after slaughter decreased with increasing ramie levels. The content of most individual amino acids, non-essential amino acids (NEAA), total amino acids (TAA), branched chain amino acids (BCAA), functional amino acids (FAA), and flavor amino acids (DAA) decreased (P < 0.05) with increasing dietary ramie. The diet in which 35% of alfalfa was replaced with ramie yielded meat with the highest amino acid content, whereas the fatty acid profile was unaffected by the inclusion of ramie. These results indicate that ramie could be used as a potential dietary forage resource for goats, and that substituting 35% of alfalfa with ramie, which is equivalent to 126 g/kg DM content, would be optimal in terms of goat meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoxun Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in the Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, 410125, China
| | - Yao He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Peihua Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Jinhe Kang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in the Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, 410125, China
| | - Qiongxian Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in the Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, 410125, China
| | - Xuefeng Han
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in the Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, 410125, China
| | - Zhiliang Tan
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in the Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, 410125, China
| | - Hongrong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Duanqin Wu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, 410205, China
| | - Lihuai Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Min Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in the Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, 410125, China
| | - Chuanshe Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in the Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, 410125, China
| | - Jinzhen Jiao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in the Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, 410125, China
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10
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Yang J, Luo J, Gan Q, Ke L, Zhang F, Guo H, Zhao F, Wang Y. An ethnobotanical study of forage plants in Zhuxi County in the Qinba mountainous area of central China. PLANT DIVERSITY 2021; 43:239-247. [PMID: 34195509 PMCID: PMC8233530 DOI: 10.1016/j.pld.2020.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In the Qinba mountainous area of Central China, pig farming has a significant impact on the growth of the rural economy and has substantially increased farmer incomes. Traditional knowledge plays an important role in the selection of forage plant species for pig farming by local people. This study aimed to identify the forage plants used for pig feeding and to catalog indigenous knowledge regarding their use. During 2016 and 2017, ethnobotanical surveys and inventories were conducted in Zhuxi County, Hubei Province, China. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews, key informant reports, free listings, guided field walks, and participatory observations with 77 households in 16 villages in 13 towns/townships. The obtained data were analyzed using a relative frequency citation (RFC) index. Overall, 145 wild forage plants from 91 genera and 31 families were recorded. The most cited families were Asteraceae, Polygonaceae, Urticaceae, Amaranthaceae, Fabaceae, Cruciferae, Caryophyllaceae, and Lamiaceae. Whole plants (75.9%) and tender leaves (12.4%) were the most frequently used parts of the plants. Most of the forage plants were herbaceous (88.9%). Almost all forage plants could be collected throughout the year (62.7%). Raw and cooked were the two main preparation methods. The most frequently cited species were Taraxacum mongolicum, Bidens pilosa, Sonchus oleraceus, Pilea verrucosa, and Pilea pumila var. obtusifolia. A total of 14 species were identified as the top forage plants in Zhuxi County based on their RFC values (RFC value greater than 0.5). Local people possess rich traditional knowledge about the utilization and management of forage plants for pig feeding. However, the maintenance of this traditional knowledge may be seriously threatened by changes in pig feeding modes and the lack of successors. Appropriate strategies and action plans have been suggested for the conservation of traditional knowledge associated with biodiversity and the sustainable use of forage species resources. These include 1) taking targeted measures to protect forage resources and associated traditional knowledge; 2) strengthening research on the forage plants with the highest RFC values for nutritional value, digestibility, other functions, and ecological status; and 3) enhancing the identification of poisonous forage plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resource, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Jifeng Luo
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resource, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Qiliang Gan
- Zhuxi Qiliang Institute of Biology, Zhuxi, 442300, China
| | - Leiyu Ke
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resource, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Fengming Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Fungal Diversity and Green Development, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Hairu Guo
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resource, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Fuwei Zhao
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Yuehu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resource, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Fungal Diversity and Green Development, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
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11
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Du E, Guo W, Chen F, Fan Q, Zhao N, Zhang W, Huang S, Wei J. Effects of ramie at various levels on ruminal fermentation and rumen microbiota of goats. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:1628-1635. [PMID: 32180970 PMCID: PMC7063351 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
With the shortage of high‐quality forage in southern China, it is urgent to develop local unconventional forage resources, such as ramie. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary ramie levels on ruminal fermentation and rumen microbiota of Boer goats. A total of 60 Boer kids were allocated into four dietary treatments with 0, 10%, 20%, and 40% ramie, respectively. The results showed that the ruminal fermentation parameters were unaffected by the inclusion of 0%–20% ramie (p > .05). However, the ruminal concentration of total short‐chain fatty acids, acetate, and butyrate increased linearly with increasing ramie proportions (p < .05). Notably, ramie at 40% level improved the production of butyrate compared with the other dietary treatments (p < .05). Increasing the dietary ramie proportion did not affect the alpha or beta diversity of the rumen microbial community, and the relative abundances of the microorganisms at phylum level and most of the identified microorganisms at genus level remain unchanged (p > .10) even though the relative abundance of Asteroleplasma and Treponema was increased respectively when 10% and 20% ramie was included (p < .05). Overall, the result of this study demonstrated that up to 40% ramie had no impairment in the ruminal fermentation or rumen microbiota of goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Encun Du
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences Wuhan China
| | - Wanzheng Guo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences Wuhan China
| | - Fang Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences Wuhan China
| | - Qiwen Fan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences Wuhan China
| | - Na Zhao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences Wuhan China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences Wuhan China
| | - Shaowen Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences Wuhan China
| | - Jintao Wei
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences Wuhan China
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