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Socała K, Jakubiec M, Abram M, Mlost J, Starowicz K, Kamiński RM, Ciepiela K, Andres-Mach M, Zagaja M, Metcalf CS, Zawadzki P, Wlaź P, Kamiński K. TRPV1 channel in the pathophysiology of epilepsy and its potential as a molecular target for the development of new antiseizure drug candidates. Prog Neurobiol 2024; 240:102634. [PMID: 38834133 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2024.102634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Identification of transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1), also known as capsaicin receptor, in 1997 was a milestone achievement in the research on temperature sensation and pain signalling. Very soon after it became evident that TRPV1 is implicated in a wide array of physiological processes in different peripheral tissues, as well as in the central nervous system, and thereby could be involved in the pathophysiology of numerous diseases. Increasing evidence suggests that modulation of TRPV1 may also affect seizure susceptibility and epilepsy. This channel is localized in brain regions associated with seizures and epilepsy, and its overexpression was found both in animal models of seizures and in brain samples from epileptic patients. Moreover, modulation of TRPV1 on non-neuronal cells (microglia, astrocytes, and/or peripheral immune cells) may have an impact on the neuroinflammatory processes that play a role in epilepsy and epileptogenesis. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive and critical overview of currently available data on TRPV1 as a possible molecular target for epilepsy management, trying to identify research gaps and future directions. Overall, several converging lines of evidence implicate TRPV1 channel as a potentially attractive target in epilepsy research but more studies are needed to exploit the possible role of TRPV1 in seizures/epilepsy and to evaluate the value of TRPV1 ligands as candidates for new antiseizure drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Socała
- Department of Animal Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, Lublin PL 20-033, Poland.
| | - Marcin Jakubiec
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, Cracow PL 30-688, Poland
| | - Michał Abram
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, Cracow PL 30-688, Poland
| | - Jakub Mlost
- Department of Neurochemistry, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, Cracow PL 31-343, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Starowicz
- Department of Neurochemistry, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, Cracow PL 31-343, Poland
| | - Rafał M Kamiński
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, Cracow PL 30-688, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Ciepiela
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, Cracow PL 30-688, Poland; Selvita S.A., Bobrzyńskiego 14, Cracow PL 30-348, Poland
| | - Marta Andres-Mach
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, Lublin PL 20-090, Poland
| | - Mirosław Zagaja
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, Lublin PL 20-090, Poland
| | - Cameron S Metcalf
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Przemysław Zawadzki
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, Cracow PL 30-688, Poland
| | - Piotr Wlaź
- Department of Animal Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, Lublin PL 20-033, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Kamiński
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, Cracow PL 30-688, Poland
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Zeng ML, Xu W. A Narrative Review of the Published Pre-Clinical Evaluations: Multiple Effects of Arachidonic Acid, its Metabolic Enzymes and Metabolites in Epilepsy. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04274-6. [PMID: 38842673 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04274-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Arachidonic acid (AA), an important polyunsaturated fatty acid in the brain, is hydrolyzed by a direct action of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) or through the combined action of phospholipase C and diacylglycerol lipase, and released into the cytoplasm. Various derivatives of AA can be synthesized mainly through the cyclooxygenase (COX), lipoxygenase (LOX) and cytochrome P450 (P450) enzyme pathways. AA and its metabolic enzymes and metabolites play important roles in a variety of neurophysiological activities. The abnormal metabolites and their catalytic enzymes in the AA cascade are related to the pathogenesis of various central nervous system (CNS) diseases, including epilepsy. Here, we systematically reviewed literatures in PubMed about the latest randomized controlled trials, animal studies and clinical studies concerning the known features of AA, its metabolic enzymes and metabolites, and their roles in epilepsy. The exclusion criteria include non-original studies and articles not in English.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Liu Zeng
- Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
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Neuroplastic alterations in cannabinoid receptors type 1 (CB1) in animal models of epileptic seizures. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 137:104675. [PMID: 35460705 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Currently, there is an urgent need to better comprehend neuroplastic alterations in cannabinoid receptors type 1 (CB1) and to understand the biological meaning of these alterations in epileptic disorders. The present study reviewed neuroplastic changes in CB1 distribution, expression, and functionality in animal models of epileptic seizures. Neuroplastic alterations in CB1 were consistently observed in chemical, genetic, electrical, and febrile seizure models. Most studies assessed changes in hippocampal and cortical CB1, while thalamic, hypothalamic, and brainstem nuclei were rarely investigated. Additionally, the relationship between CB1 alteration and the control of brain excitability through modulation of specific neuronal networks, such as striatonigral, nigrotectal and thalamocortical pathways, and inhibitory projections to hippocampal pyramidal neurons, were all presented and discussed in the present review. Neuroplastic alterations in CB1 detected in animal models of epilepsy may reflect two different scenarios: (1) endogenous adaptations aimed to control neuronal hyperexcitability in epilepsy or (2) pathological alterations that facilitate neuronal hyperexcitability. Additionally, a better comprehension of neuroplastic and functional alterations in CB1 can improve pharmacological therapies for epilepsies and their comorbidities.
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Brand ALM, Lima FA, Tinoco NAB, Mota JC, Moreira IGS, Novaes FJM, Garrett R, Giorno TBS, Fernandes PD, Rezende CM. ΒN-Alkanoyl-5-Hydroxytryptamines (C n-5HTs) in Coffee: A Review. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2059807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. L. M. Brand
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - F. A. Lima
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - N. A. B. Tinoco
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - J. C. Mota
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - I. G. S. Moreira
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - F. J. M. Novaes
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - R. Garrett
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - T. B. S. Giorno
- Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - P. D. Fernandes
- Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - C. M. Rezende
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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García-Rodríguez C, Bravo-Tobar ID, Duarte Y, Barrio LC, Sáez JC. Contribution of non-selective membrane channels and receptors in epilepsy. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 231:107980. [PMID: 34481811 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Overcoming refractory epilepsy's resistance to the combination of antiepileptic drugs (AED), mitigating side effects, and preventing sudden unexpected death in epilepsy are critical goals for therapy of this disorder. Current therapeutic strategies are based primarily on neurocentric mechanisms, overlooking the participation of astrocytes and microglia in the pathophysiology of epilepsy. This review is focused on a set of non-selective membrane channels (permeable to ions and small molecules), including channels and ionotropic receptors of neurons, astrocytes, and microglia, such as: the hemichannels formed by Cx43 and Panx1; the purinergic P2X7 receptors; the transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV1 and TRPV4) channels; calcium homeostasis modulators (CALHMs); transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels; transient receptor potential melastatin (TRPM) channels; voltage-dependent anion channels (VDACs) and volume-regulated anion channels (VRACs), which all have in common being activated by epileptic activity and the capacity to exacerbate seizure intensity. Specifically, we highlight evidence for the activation of these channels/receptors during epilepsy including neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, discuss signaling pathways and feedback mechanisms, and propose the functions of each of them in acute and chronic epilepsy. Studying the role of these non-selective membrane channels in epilepsy and identifying appropriate blockers for one or more of them could provide complementary therapies to better alleviate the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia García-Rodríguez
- Instituto de Neurociencia, Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Chile.
| | - Iván D Bravo-Tobar
- Instituto de Neurociencia, Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Yorley Duarte
- Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis C Barrio
- Hospital Ramon y Cajal-IRYCIS, Centro de Tecnología Biomédica de la Universidad Politécnica, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan C Sáez
- Instituto de Neurociencia, Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Chile.
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Asth L, Iglesias LP, De Oliveira AC, Moraes MFD, Moreira FA. Exploiting cannabinoid and vanilloid mechanisms for epilepsy treatment. Epilepsy Behav 2021; 121:106832. [PMID: 31839498 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2019.106832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on the possible roles of phytocannabinoids, synthetic cannabinoids, endocannabinoids, and "transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1" (TRPV1) channel blockers in epilepsy treatment. The phytocannabinoids are compounds produced by the herb Cannabis sativa, from which Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) is the main active compound. The therapeutic applications of Δ9-THC are limited, whereas cannabidiol (CBD), another phytocannabinoid, induces antiepileptic effects in experimental animals and in patients with refractory epilepsies. Synthetic CB1 agonists induce mixed effects, which hamper their therapeutic applications. A more promising strategy focuses on compounds that increase the brain levels of anandamide, an endocannabinoid produced on-demand to counteract hyperexcitability. Thus, anandamide hydrolysis inhibitors might represent a future class of antiepileptic drugs. Finally, compounds that block the TRPV1 ("vanilloid") channel, a possible anandamide target in the brain, have also been investigated. In conclusion, the therapeutic use of phytocannabinoids (CBD) is already in practice, although its mechanisms of action remain unclear. Endocannabinoid and TRPV1 mechanisms warrant further basic studies to support their potential clinical applications. This article is part of the Special Issue "NEWroscience 2018".
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila Asth
- Graduate School in Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lia P Iglesias
- Graduate School in Neurosciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Antônio C De Oliveira
- Graduate School in Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil; Graduate School in Neurosciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcio F D Moraes
- Graduate School in Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil; Graduate School in Neurosciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fabrício A Moreira
- Graduate School in Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil; Graduate School in Neurosciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Satpute Janve V, Anderson LL, Bahceci D, Hawkins NA, Kearney JA, Arnold JC. The Heat Sensing Trpv1 Receptor Is Not a Viable Anticonvulsant Drug Target in the Scn1a +/- Mouse Model of Dravet Syndrome. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:675128. [PMID: 34079465 PMCID: PMC8165383 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.675128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cannabidiol has been approved for the treatment of drug-resistant childhood epilepsies including Dravet syndrome (DS). Although the mechanism of anticonvulsant action of cannabidiol is unknown, emerging data suggests involvement of the transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (Trpv1). Pharmacological and genetic studies in conventional seizure models suggest Trpv1 is a novel anticonvulsant target. However, whether targeting Trpv1 is anticonvulsant in animal models of drug-resistant epilepsies is not known. Thus, we examined whether Trpv1 affects the epilepsy phenotype of the F1.Scn1a +/- mouse model of DS. We found that cortical Trpv1 mRNA expression was increased in seizure susceptible F1.Scn1a +/- mice with a hybrid genetic background compared to seizure resistant 129.Scn1a +/- mice isogenic on 129S6/SvEvTac background, suggesting Trpv1 could be a genetic modifier. Previous studies show functional loss of Trpv1 is anticonvulsant. However, Trpv1 selective antagonist SB-705498 did not affect hyperthermia-induced seizure threshold, frequency of spontaneous seizures or survival of F1.Scn1a +/- mice. Surprisingly, Trpv1 deletion had both pro- and anti-seizure effects. Trpv1 deletion did not affect hyperthermia-induced seizure temperature thresholds of F1.Scn1a +/- ; Trpv1 +/- at P14-16 but was proconvulsant at P18 as it reduced seizure temperature thresholds. Conversely, Trpv1 deletion did not alter the frequency of spontaneous seizures but reduced their severity. These results suggest that Trpv1 is a modest genetic modifier of spontaneous seizure severity in the F1.Scn1a +/- model of DS. However, the opposing pro- and anti-seizure effects of Trpv1 deletion and the lack of effects of Trpv1 inhibition suggest that Trpv1 is unlikely a viable anticonvulsant drug target in DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali Satpute Janve
- Lambert Initiative for Cannabinoid Therapeutics, Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Pharmacology, Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lyndsey L Anderson
- Lambert Initiative for Cannabinoid Therapeutics, Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Pharmacology, Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Dilara Bahceci
- Lambert Initiative for Cannabinoid Therapeutics, Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Pharmacology, Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicole A Hawkins
- Department of Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jennifer A Kearney
- Department of Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jonathon C Arnold
- Lambert Initiative for Cannabinoid Therapeutics, Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Pharmacology, Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Enhanced endocannabinoid tone as a potential target of pharmacotherapy. Life Sci 2018; 204:20-45. [PMID: 29729263 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.04.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system is up-regulated in numerous pathophysiological states such as inflammatory, neurodegenerative, gastrointestinal, metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, pain, and cancer. It has been suggested that this phenomenon primarily serves an autoprotective role in inhibiting disease progression and/or diminishing signs and symptoms. Accordingly, enhancement of endogenous endocannabinoid tone by inhibition of endocannabinoid degradation represents a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of many diseases. Importantly, this allows for the avoidance of unwanted psychotropic side effects that accompany exogenously administered cannabinoids. The effects of endocannabinoid metabolic pathway modulation are complex, as endocannabinoids can exert their actions directly or via numerous metabolites. The two main strategies for blocking endocannabinoid degradation are inhibition of endocannabinoid-degrading enzymes and inhibition of endocannabinoid cellular uptake. To date, the most investigated compounds are inhibitors of fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), an enzyme that degrades the endocannabinoid anandamide. However, application of FAAH inhibitors (and consequently other endocannabinoid degradation inhibitors) in medicine became questionable due to a lack of therapeutic efficacy in clinical trials and serious adverse effects evoked by one specific compound. In this paper, we discuss multiple pathways of endocannabinoid metabolism, changes in endocannabinoid levels across numerous human diseases and corresponding experimental models, pharmacological strategies for enhancing endocannabinoid tone and potential therapeutic applications including multi-target drugs with additional targets outside of the endocannabinoid system (cyclooxygenase-2, cholinesterase, TRPV1, and PGF2α-EA receptors), and currently used medicines or medicinal herbs that additionally enhance endocannabinoid levels. Ultimately, further clinical and preclinical studies are warranted to develop medicines for enhancing endocannabinoid tone.
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Post JM, Loch S, Lerner R, Remmers F, Lomazzo E, Lutz B, Bindila L. Antiepileptogenic Effect of Subchronic Palmitoylethanolamide Treatment in a Mouse Model of Acute Epilepsy. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:67. [PMID: 29593494 PMCID: PMC5861196 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Research on the antiepileptic effects of (endo-)cannabinoids has remarkably progressed in the years following the discovery of fundamental role of the endocannabinoid (eCB) system in controlling neural excitability. Moreover, an increasing number of well-documented cases of epilepsy patients exhibiting multi-drug resistance report beneficial effects of cannabis use. Pre-clinical and clinical research has increasingly focused on the antiepileptic effectiveness of exogenous administration of cannabinoids and/or pharmacologically induced increase of eCBs such as anandamide (also known as arachidonoylethanolamide [AEA]). Concomitant research has uncovered the contribution of neuroinflammatory processes and peripheral immunity to the onset and progression of epilepsy. Accordingly, modulation of inflammatory pathways such as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) was pursued as alternative therapeutic strategy for epilepsy. Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is an endogenous fatty acid amide related to the centrally and peripherally present eCB AEA, and is a naturally occurring nutrient that has long been recognized for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. Neuroprotective and anti-hyperalgesic properties of PEA were evidenced in neurodegenerative diseases, and antiepileptic effects in pentylenetetrazol (PTZ), maximal electroshock (MES) and amygdaloid kindling models of epileptic seizures. Moreover, numerous clinical trials in chronic pain revealed that PEA treatment is devoid of addiction potential, dose limiting side effects and psychoactive effects, rendering PEA an appealing candidate as antiepileptic compound or adjuvant. In the present study, we aimed at assessing antiepileptic properties of PEA in a mouse model of acute epileptic seizures induced by systemic administration of kainic acid (KA). KA-induced epilepsy in rodents is assumed to resemble to different extents human temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) depending on the route of KA administration; intracerebral (i.c.) injection was recently shown to most closely mimic human TLE, while systemic KA administration causes more widespread pathological damage, both in brain and periphery. To explore the potential of PEA to exert therapeutic effects both in brain and periphery, acute and subchronic administration of PEA by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection was assessed on mice with systemically administered KA. Specifically, we investigated: (i) neuroprotective and anticonvulsant properties of acute and subchronic PEA treatment in KA-induced seizure models, and (ii) temporal dynamics of eCB and eicosanoid (eiC) levels in hippocampus and plasma over 180 min post seizure induction in PEA-treated and non-treated KA-injected mice vs. vehicle injected mice. Finally, we compared the systemic PEA treatment with, and in combination with, pharmacological blockade of fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) in brain and periphery, in terms of anticonvulsant properties and modulation of eCBs and eiCs. Here, we demonstrate that subchronic administration of PEA significantly alleviates seizure intensity, promotes neuroprotection and induces modulation of the plasma and hippocampal eCB and eiC levels in systemic KA-injected mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia M Post
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sebastian Loch
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Raissa Lerner
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Floortje Remmers
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ermelinda Lomazzo
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Beat Lutz
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Laura Bindila
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Yoo JM, Lee BD, Lee SJ, Ma JY, Kim MR. Anti-Apoptotic Effect ofN-Palmitoyl Serotonin on Glutamate-Mediated Apoptosis Through Secretion of BDNF and Activation of TrkB/CREB Pathway in HT-22 Cells. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201700397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Myung Yoo
- Korean Medicine-Application Center; Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine; Daegu 41062 Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Dam Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition; Chungnam National University; 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34134 Republic of Korea
| | - Su Jin Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition; Chungnam National University; 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34134 Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Yeul Ma
- Korean Medicine-Application Center; Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine; Daegu 41062 Republic of Korea
| | - Mee Ree Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition; Chungnam National University; 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34134 Republic of Korea
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Vilela LR, Lima IV, Kunsch ÉB, Pinto HPP, de Miranda AS, Vieira ÉLM, de Oliveira ACP, Moraes MFD, Teixeira AL, Moreira FA. Anticonvulsant effect of cannabidiol in the pentylenetetrazole model: Pharmacological mechanisms, electroencephalographic profile, and brain cytokine levels. Epilepsy Behav 2017; 75:29-35. [PMID: 28821005 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2017.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD), the main nonpsychotomimetic compound from Cannabis sativa, inhibits experimental seizures in animal models and alleviates certain types of intractable epilepsies in patients. Its pharmacological profile, however, is still uncertain. Here we tested the hypothesis that CBD anticonvulsant mechanisms are prevented by cannabinoid (CB1 and CB2) and vanilloid (TRPV1) receptor blockers. We also investigated its effects on electroencephalographic (EEG) activity and hippocampal cytokines in the pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) model. Pretreatment with CBD (60mg/kg) attenuated seizures induced by intraperitoneal, subcutaneous, and intravenous PTZ administration in mice. The effects were reversed by CB1, CB2, and TRPV1 selective antagonists (AM251, AM630, and SB366791, respectively). Additionally, CBD delayed seizure sensitization resulting from repeated PTZ administration (kindling). This cannabinoid also prevented PTZ-induced EEG activity and interleukin-6 increase in prefrontal cortex. In conclusion, the robust anticonvulsant effects of CBD may result from multiple pharmacological mechanisms, including facilitation of endocannabinoid signaling and TRPV1 mechanisms. These findings advance our understanding on CBD inhibition of seizures, EEG activity, and cytokine actions, with potential implications for the development of new treatments for certain epileptic syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano R Vilela
- Graduate School in Neuroscience, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Isabel V Lima
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Érica B Kunsch
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Hyorrana Priscila P Pinto
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Aline S de Miranda
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Érica Leandro M Vieira
- Graduate School in Neuroscience, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Marcio Flávio D Moraes
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Antônio L Teixeira
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Fabricio A Moreira
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Murillo-Rodríguez E, Di Marzo V, Machado S, Rocha NB, Veras AB, Neto GAM, Budde H, Arias-Carrión O, Arankowsky-Sandoval G. Role of N-Arachidonoyl-Serotonin (AA-5-HT) in Sleep-Wake Cycle Architecture, Sleep Homeostasis, and Neurotransmitters Regulation. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:152. [PMID: 28611585 PMCID: PMC5447686 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system comprises several molecular entities such as endogenous ligands [anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG)], receptors (CB1 and CB2), enzymes such as [fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAHH) and monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL)], as well as the anandamide membrane transporter. Although the role of this complex neurobiological system in the sleep–wake cycle modulation has been studied, the contribution of the blocker of FAAH/transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1), N-arachidonoyl-serotonin (AA-5-HT) in sleep has not been investigated. Thus, in the present study, varying doses of AA-5-HT (5, 10, or 20 mg/Kg, i.p.) injected at the beginning of the lights-on period of rats, caused no statistical changes in sleep patterns. However, similar pharmacological treatment given to animals at the beginning of the dark period decreased wakefulness (W) and increased slow wave sleep (SWS) as well as rapid eye movement sleep (REMS). Power spectra analysis of states of vigilance showed that injection of AA-5-HT during the lights-off period diminished alpha spectrum across alertness in a dose-dependent fashion. In opposition, delta power spectra was enhanced as well as theta spectrum, during SWS and REMS, respectively. Moreover, the highest dose of AA-5-HT decreased wake-related contents of neurotransmitters such as dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (EP), serotonin (5-HT) whereas the levels of adenosine (AD) were enhanced. In addition, the sleep-inducing properties of AA-5-HT were confirmed since this compound blocked the increase in W caused by stimulants such as cannabidiol (CBD) or modafinil (MOD) during the lights-on period. Additionally, administration of AA-5-HT also prevented the enhancement in contents of DA, NE, EP, 5-HT and AD after CBD of MOD injection. Lastly, the role of AA-5-HT in sleep homeostasis was tested in animals that received either CBD or MOD after total sleep deprivation (TSD). The injection of CBD or MOD increased alertness during sleep rebound period after TSD. However, AA-5-HT blocked this effect by allowing animals to display an enhancement in sleep across sleep rebound period. Overall, our findings provide evidence that AA-5-HT is an important modulator of sleep, sleep homeostasis and neurotransmitter contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Murillo-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias Moleculares e Integrativas, Escuela de Medicina, División Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac MayabMérida, Mexico.,Grupo de Investigación en Envejecimiento, División Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac MayabMérida, Mexico.,Grupo de Investigación Desarrollos Tecnológicos para la Salud, División de Ingeniería y Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Anáhuac MayabMérida, Mexico.,Intercontinental Neuroscience Research Group
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Intercontinental Neuroscience Research Group.,Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle RicerchePozzuoli, Italy
| | - Sergio Machado
- Intercontinental Neuroscience Research Group.,Laboratory of Panic and Respiration, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program, Salgado de Oliveira UniversityRio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nuno B Rocha
- Intercontinental Neuroscience Research Group.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Polytechnic Institute of PortoPorto, Portugal
| | - André B Veras
- Intercontinental Neuroscience Research Group.,Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Dom Bosco Catholic UniversityRio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Geraldo A M Neto
- Intercontinental Neuroscience Research Group.,Laboratory of Panic and Respiration, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Henning Budde
- Intercontinental Neuroscience Research Group.,Faculty of Human Sciences, Medical School HamburgHamburg, Germany.,Physical Activity, Physical Education, Health and Sport Research Centre (PAPESH), Sports Science Department, School of Science and Engineering Reykjavik UniversityReykjavik, Iceland.,Department of Health, Physical and Social Education, Lithuanian Sports UniversityKaunas, Lithuania
| | - Oscar Arias-Carrión
- Intercontinental Neuroscience Research Group.,Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento y Sueño (TMS), Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea González"Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Gloria Arankowsky-Sandoval
- Intercontinental Neuroscience Research Group.,Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de YucatánMérida, Mexico
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Cannabidiol, a Cannabis sativa constituent, inhibits cocaine-induced seizures in mice: Possible role of the mTOR pathway and reduction in glutamate release. Neurotoxicology 2015; 50:116-21. [PMID: 26283212 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2015.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Revised: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD), a major non-psychotomimetic constituent of Cannabis sativa, has therapeutic potential for certain psychiatric and neurological disorders. Studies in laboratory animals and limited human trials indicate that CBD has anticonvulsant and neuroprotective properties. Its effects against cocaine neurotoxicity, however, have remained unclear. Thus, the present study tested the hypothesis that CBD protects against cocaine-induced seizures and investigated the underlying mechanisms. CBD (30 mg/kg) pre-treatment increased the latency and reduced the duration of cocaine (75 mg/kg)-induced seizures in mice. The CB1 receptor antagonist, AM251 (1 and 3mg/kg), and the CB2 receptor antagonist, AM630 (2 and 4 mg/kg), failed to reverse this protective effect, suggesting that alternative mechanisms are involved. Synaptosome studies with the hippocampus of drug-treated animals revealed that cocaine increases glutamate release, whereas CBD induces the opposite effect. Finally, the protective effect of this cannabinoid against cocaine-induced seizure was reversed by rapamycin (1 and 5mg/kg), an inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) intracellular pathway. In conclusion, CBD protects against seizures in a model of cocaine intoxication. These effects possibly occur through activation of mTOR with subsequent reduction in glutamate release. CBD should be further investigated as a strategy for alleviating psychostimulant toxicity.
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Florek-Luszczki M, Zagaja M, Luszczki JJ. Influence of arachidonyl-2′-chloroethylamide, a selective cannabinoid CB1 receptor agonist, on the anticonvulsant and acute side-effect potentials of clobazam, lacosamide, and pregabalin in the maximal electroshock-induced seizure model and chimney test i. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2015; 29:382-93. [DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2015] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Miroslaw Zagaja
- Isobolographic Analysis Laboratory; Institute of Rural Health; Jaczewskiego 2 PL 20-950 Lublin Poland
| | - Jarogniew J. Luszczki
- Isobolographic Analysis Laboratory; Institute of Rural Health; Jaczewskiego 2 PL 20-950 Lublin Poland
- Department of Pathophysiology; Medical University; Ceramiczna 1 PL 20-150 Lublin Poland
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Enhancement of endocannabinoid signaling protects against cocaine-induced neurotoxicity. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2015; 286:178-87. [PMID: 25933444 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2015.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Cocaine is an addictive substance with a potential to cause deleterious effects in the brain. The strategies for treating its neurotoxicity, however, are limited. Evidence suggests that the endocannabinoid system exerts neuroprotective functions against various stimuli. Thus, we hypothesized that inhibition of fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), the main enzyme responsible for terminating the actions of the endocannabinoid anandamide, reduces seizures and cell death in the hippocampus in a model of cocaine intoxication. Male Swiss mice received injections of endocannabinoid-related compounds followed by the lowest dose of cocaine that induces seizures, electroencephalographic activity and cell death in the hippocampus. The molecular mechanisms were studied in primary cell culture of this structure. The FAAH inhibitor, URB597, reduced cocaine-induced seizures and epileptiform electroencephalographic activity. The cannabinoid CB1 receptor selective agonist, ACEA, mimicked these effects, whereas the antagonist, AM251, prevented them. URB597 also inhibited cocaine-induced activation and death of hippocampal neurons, both in animals and in primary cell culture. Finally, we investigated if the PI3K/Akt/ERK intracellular pathway, a cell surviving mechanism coupled to CB1 receptor, mediated these neuroprotective effects. Accordingly, URB597 injection increased ERK and Akt phosphorylation in the hippocampus. Moreover, the neuroprotective effect of this compound was reversed by the PI3K inhibitor, LY294002. In conclusion, the pharmacological facilitation of the anandamide/CB1/PI3K signaling protects the brain against cocaine intoxication in experimental models. This strategy may be further explored in the development of treatments for drug-induced neurotoxicity.
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Socała K, Nieoczym D, Pieróg M, Wlaź P. α-Spinasterol, a TRPV1 receptor antagonist, elevates the seizure threshold in three acute seizure tests in mice. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2015; 122:1239-47. [PMID: 25764210 PMCID: PMC4540766 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-015-1391-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
α-Spinasterol is a plant-derived compound which was reported to act as a selective antagonist for the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) receptor. Several studies revealed that the TRPV1 receptors might modulate seizure activity in animal models of seizures and epilepsy. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of α-spinasterol on the seizure threshold in three acute models of seizures, i.e., in the intravenous (i.v.) pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) seizure test, in the maximal electroshock seizure threshold (MEST) test and in the model of psychomotor seizures induced by 6 Hz stimulation in mice. Our results revealed significant anticonvulsant effect of α-spinasterol in all the used seizure tests. In the i.v. PTZ test, statistically significant elevation was noted in case of the threshold for myoclonic twitches (doses of 0.1–1 mg/kg) and generalized clonus seizures (doses of 0.5 and 1 mg/kg) but not for tonic seizures. The studied TRPV1 antagonist also increased the threshold for tonic hindlimb extension in the MEST (doses of 0.5 and 1 mg/kg) and 6 Hz psychomotor seizure (doses of 0.1 and 0.5 mg/kg) tests in mice. Furthermore, α-spinasterol did not produce any significant impairment of motor coordination (assessed in the chimney test) and muscular strength (investigated in the grip-strength test) and it did not provoke significant changes in body temperature in mice. Based on the results of our study and the fact that α-spinasterol is characterized by good blood–brain permeability, we postulate further investigation of this compound to precisely evaluate mechanism of its anticonvulsant action and opportunity of its usage in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Socała
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, PL 20-033, Lublin, Poland,
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Janero DR, Makriyannis A. Terpenes and lipids of the endocannabinoid and transient-receptor-potential-channel biosignaling systems. ACS Chem Neurosci 2014; 5:1097-106. [PMID: 24866555 DOI: 10.1021/cn5000875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocananbnoid-system G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) and transient receptor potential (TRP) cation channels are critical components of cellular biosignaling networks. These plasma-membrane proteins are pleiotropic in their ability to interact with and engage structurally diverse ligands. The endocannabinoid and TRP signaling systems overlap in their recognition properties with respect to select naturally occurring plant-derived ligands that belong to the terpene and lipid chemical classes, the overlap establishing a physiological connectivity between these two ubiquitous cell-signaling systems. Identification and pharmacological profiling of phytochemicals engaged by cannabinoid GPCRs and/or TRP channels has inspired the synthesis of novel designer ligands that interact with cannabinoid receptors and/or TRP channels as xenobiotics. Functional interplay between the endocannabinoid and TRP-channel signaling systems is responsible for the antinocifensive action of some synthetic cananbinoids (WIN55,212-2 and AM1241), vasorelaxation by the endocannabinoid N-arachidonylethanolamide (anandamide), and the pain-relief afforded by the synthetic anandamide analogue N-arachidonoylaminophenol (AM404), the active metabolite of the widely used nonprescription analgesic and antipyretic acetaminophen (paracetamol). The biological actions of some plant-derived cannabinoid-receptor (e.g., Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol) or TRP-channel (e.g,, menthol) ligands either carry abuse potential themselves or promote the use of other addictive substances, suggesting the therapeutic potential for modulating these signaling systems for abuse-related disorders. The pleiotropic nature of and therapeutically relevant interactions between cananbinergic and TRP-channel signaling suggest the possibility of dual-acting ligands as drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R. Janero
- Center for Drug Discovery and Departments of Chemistry
and Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115-5000, United States
| | - Alexandros Makriyannis
- Center for Drug Discovery and Departments of Chemistry
and Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115-5000, United States
- King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 22254, Saudi Arabia
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