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Luszczki JJ, Zagaja M, Miziak B, Kondrat-Wrobel MW, Zaluska K, Wroblewska-Luczka P, Adamczuk P, Czuczwar SJ, Florek-Luszczki M. Beneficial Combination of Lacosamide with Retigabine in Experimental Animals: An Isobolographic Analysis. Pharmacology 2017; 101:22-28. [PMID: 28926841 DOI: 10.1159/000480019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM To isobolographically determine the types of interactions that occur between retigabine and lacosamide (LCM; two third-generation antiepileptic drugs) with respect to their anticonvulsant activity and acute adverse effects (sedation) in the maximal electroshock-induced seizures (MES) and chimney test (motor performance) in adult male Swiss mice. METHODS Type I isobolographic analysis for nonparallel dose-response effects for the combination of retigabine with LCM (at the fixed-ratio of 1:1) in both the MES and chimney test in mice was performed. Brain concentrations of retigabine and LCM were measured by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) to characterize any pharmacokinetic interactions occurring when combining these drugs. RESULTS Linear regression analysis revealed that retigabine had its dose-response effect line nonparallel to that of LCM in both the MES and chimney tests. The type I isobolographic analysis illustrated that retigabine combined with LCM (fixed-ratio of 1:1) exerted an additive interaction in the mouse MES model and sub-additivity (antagonism) in the chimney test. With HPLC, retigabine and LCM did not mutually change their total brain concentrations, thereby confirming the pharmacodynamic nature of the interaction. CONCLUSION LCM combined with retigabine possesses a beneficial preclinical profile (benefit index ranged from 2.07 to 2.50) and this 2-drug combination is worth recommending as treatment plan to patients with pharmacoresistant epilepsy.
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Luszczki JJ, Patrzylas P, Zagaja M, Andres-Mach M, Zaluska K, Kondrat-Wrobel MW, Szpringer M, Chmielewski J, Florek-Luszczki M. Effects of arachidonyl-2'-chloroethylamide (ACEA) on the protective action of various antiepileptic drugs in the 6-Hz corneal stimulation model in mice. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183873. [PMID: 28859122 PMCID: PMC5578658 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that cannabinoid CB1 receptor ligands play a pivotal role in seizures, not only in preclinical studies on animals, but also in clinical settings. This study was aimed at characterizing the influence of arachidonyl-2′-chloroethylamide (ACEA–a selective cannabinoid CB1 receptor agonist) co-administered with phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF) on the anticonvulsant potency of various antiepileptic drugs (clobazam, lacosamide, levetiracetam, phenobarbital, tiagabine and valproate) in the 6-Hz corneal stimulation model. Psychomotor seizures in male albino Swiss mice were evoked by a current (32 mA, 6 Hz, 3 s stimulus duration) delivered via corneal electrodes. Potential adverse effects produced by the antiepileptic drugs in combination with ACEA+PMSF were assessed using the chimney test (motor performance), passive avoidance task (remembering and acquisition of learning), and grip-strength test (muscular strength). Brain concentrations of antiepileptic drugs were measured by HPLC to exclude any pharmacokinetic contribution to the observed effect. ACEA (5 mg/kg, i.p.) + PMSF (30 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly potentiated the anticonvulsant potency of levetiracetam (P<0.05), but not that of clobazam, lacosamide, phenobarbital, tiagabine or valproate in the 6-Hz corneal stimulation model. Moreover, ACEA+PMSF did not significantly affect total brain concentrations of levetiracetam in mice. No behavioral side effects were observed in animals receiving combinations of the studied antiepileptic drugs with ACEA+PMSF. In conclusion, the combined administration of ACEA+PMSF with levetiracetam is associated with beneficial anticonvulsant pharmacodynamic interaction in the 6-Hz corneal stimulation model. The selective activation of cannabinoid CB1 receptor-mediated neurotransmission in the brain may enhance levetiracetam-related suppression of seizures in epilepsy patients, contributing to the efficacious treatment of epilepsy in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarogniew J. Luszczki
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
- Isobolographic Analysis Laboratory, Institute of Rural Health, Lublin, Poland
- * E-mail:
| | - Pawel Patrzylas
- Isobolographic Analysis Laboratory, Institute of Rural Health, Lublin, Poland
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Miroslaw Zagaja
- Isobolographic Analysis Laboratory, Institute of Rural Health, Lublin, Poland
| | - Marta Andres-Mach
- Isobolographic Analysis Laboratory, Institute of Rural Health, Lublin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Zaluska
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Monika Szpringer
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Kielce, Poland
| | - Jaroslaw Chmielewski
- Institute of Environmental Protection—National Research Institute, Warszawa, Poland
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Sawicka KM, Wawryniuk A, Zwolak A, Daniluk J, Szpringer M, Florek-Luszczki M, Drop B, Zolkowska D, Luszczki JJ. Influence of Ivabradine on the Anticonvulsant Action of Four Classical Antiepileptic Drugs Against Maximal Electroshock-Induced Seizures in Mice. Neurochem Res 2017; 42:1038-1043. [PMID: 28083847 PMCID: PMC5375969 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-016-2136-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Although the role of hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels in neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission is still unclear, it is postulated that the HCN channels may be involved in seizure activity. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of ivabradine (an HCN channel inhibitor) on the protective action of four classical antiepileptic drugs (carbamazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin and valproate) against maximal electroshock-induced seizures in mice. Tonic seizures (maximal electroconvulsions) were evoked in adult male albino Swiss mice by an electric current (sine-wave, 25 mA, 0.2 s stimulus duration) delivered via auricular electrodes. Acute adverse-effect profiles of the combinations of ivabradine with classical antiepileptic drugs were measured in mice along with total brain antiepileptic drug concentrations. Results indicate that ivabradine (10 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly enhanced the anticonvulsant activity of valproate and considerably reduced that of phenytoin in the mouse maximal electroshock-induced seizure model. Ivabradine (10 mg/kg) had no impact on the anticonvulsant potency of carbamazepine and phenobarbital in the maximal electroshock-induced seizure test in mice. Ivabradine (10 mg/kg) significantly diminished total brain concentration of phenytoin and had no effect on total brain valproate concentration in mice. In conclusion, the enhanced anticonvulsant action of valproate by ivabradine in the mouse maximal electroshock-induced seizure model was pharmacodynamic in nature. A special attention is required when combining ivabradine with phenytoin due to a pharmacokinetic interaction and reduction of the anticonvulsant action of phenytoin in mice. The combinations of ivabradine with carbamazepine and phenobarbital were neutral from a preclinical viewpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dorota Zolkowska
- School of Medicine, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
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Zolkowska D, Kondrat-Wrobel MW, Florek-Luszczki M, Luszczki JJ. Influence of MPEP (a selective mGluR5 antagonist) on the anticonvulsant action of novel antiepileptic drugs against maximal electroshock-induced seizures in mice. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2016; 65:172-8. [PMID: 26478256 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine (MPEP - a selective antagonist for the glutamate metabotropic receptor subtype mGluR5) on the protective action of some novel antiepileptic drugs (lamotrigine, oxcarbazepine, pregabalin and topiramate) against maximal electroshock-induced seizures in mice. Brain concentrations of antiepileptic drugs were measured to determine whether MPEP altered pharmacokinetics of antiepileptic drugs. Intraperitoneal injection of 1.5 and 2mg/kg of MPEP significantly elevated the threshold for electroconvulsions in mice, whereas MPEP at a dose of 1mg/kg considerably enhanced the anticonvulsant activity of pregabalin and topiramate, but not that of lamotrigine or oxcarbazepine in the maximal electroshock-induced seizures in mice. Pharmacokinetic results revealed that MPEP (1mg/kg) did not alter total brain concentrations of pregabalin and topiramate, and the observed effect in the mouse maximal electroshock seizure model was pharmacodynamic in nature. Collectively, our preclinical data suggest that MPEP may be a safe and beneficial adjunct to the therapeutic effects of antiepileptic drugs in human patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Zolkowska
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Jarogniew J Luszczki
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland; Isobolographic Analysis Laboratory, Institute of Rural Health, Lublin, Poland.
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Luszczki JJ, Zagaja M, Miziak B, Florek-Luszczki M, Czuczwar SJ. Synergistic Interaction of Retigabine with Levetiracetam in the Mouse Maximal Electroshock-Induced Seizure Model: A Type II Isobolographic Analysis. Pharmacology 2015; 96:11-5. [PMID: 26045245 DOI: 10.1159/000430822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS To assess interactions between retigabine and levetiracetam in suppressing maximal electroshock-induced tonic seizures in Albino Swiss mice, type II isobolographic analysis was used. Total brain antiepileptic drug concentrations were measured with high pressure liquid chromatography. RESULTS The combinations of retigabine with levetiracetam at the fixed-ratios of 1:5 and 1:10 were supra-additive (synergistic; p < 0.05) in terms of seizure suppression, while the combinations at the fixed-ratios of 1:1 and 1:2 were additive. No pharmacokinetic changes in total brain concentrations of levetiracetam and retigabine were documented, indicating the pharmacodynamic nature of interaction between these antiepileptic drugs in the mouse maximal electroshock-induced tonic seizure model. CONCLUSION The combination of retigabine with levetiracetam at the fixed-ratios of 1:5 and 1:10 appears to be particularly beneficial combination exerting supra-additive interaction in suppressing maximal electroshock-induced tonic seizures.
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Zagaja M, Pyrka D, Skalicka-Wozniak K, Glowniak K, Florek-Luszczki M, Glensk M, Luszczki JJ. Effect of xanthotoxin (8-methoxypsoralen) on the anticonvulsant activity of classical antiepileptic drugs against maximal electroshock-induced seizures in mice. Fitoterapia 2015; 105:1-6. [PMID: 26026802 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2015.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2015] [Revised: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The effects of xanthotoxin (8-methoxypsoralen) on the anticonvulsant activity of four classical antiepileptic drugs (carbamazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin and valproate) were studied in the mouse maximal electroshock seizure model. Tonic hind limb extension (seizure activity) was evoked in adult male albino Swiss mice by a current (25 mA, 500 V, 50 Hz, 0.2 s stimulus duration) delivered via auricular electrodes. Total brain concentrations of antiepileptic drugs were measured by fluorescence polarization immunoassay to ascertain any pharmacokinetic contribution to the observed anticonvulsant effects. Results indicate that xanthotoxin (50 and 100 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly potentiated the anticonvulsant activity of carbamazepine against maximal electroshock-induced seizures (P<0.05 and P<0.001, respectively). Similarly, xanthotoxin (100 mg/kg, i.p.) markedly enhanced the anticonvulsant action of valproate in the maximal electroshock seizure test (P<0.001). In contrast, xanthotoxin (100 mg/kg, i.p.) did not affect the protective action of phenobarbital and phenytoin against maximal electroshock-induced seizures in mice. Moreover, xanthotoxin (100 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly increased total brain concentrations of carbamazepine (P<0.001) and valproate (P<0.05), but not those of phenytoin and phenobarbital, indicating pharmacokinetic nature of interactions between drugs. In conclusion, the combinations of xanthotoxin with carbamazepine and valproate, despite their beneficial effects in terms of seizure suppression in mice, were probably due to a pharmacokinetic increase in total brain concentrations of these antiepileptic drugs in experimental animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslaw Zagaja
- Isobolographic Analysis Laboratory, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, PL 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Daniel Pyrka
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University, Ceramiczna 1, PL 20-150 Lublin, Poland
| | - Krystyna Skalicka-Wozniak
- Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plant Unit, Medical University, Chodzki 1, PL 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Kazimierz Glowniak
- Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plant Unit, Medical University, Chodzki 1, PL 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Michał Glensk
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Medical University, Nankiera Square 1, PL 50-140 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jarogniew J Luszczki
- Isobolographic Analysis Laboratory, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, PL 20-950 Lublin, Poland; Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University, Ceramiczna 1, PL 20-150 Lublin, Poland.
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Florek-Luszczki M, Zagaja M, Luszczki JJ. Influence of arachidonyl-2′-chloroethylamide, a selective cannabinoid CB1 receptor agonist, on the anticonvulsant and acute side-effect potentials of clobazam, lacosamide, and pregabalin in the maximal electroshock-induced seizure model and chimney test i. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2015; 29:382-93. [DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2015] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Miroslaw Zagaja
- Isobolographic Analysis Laboratory; Institute of Rural Health; Jaczewskiego 2 PL 20-950 Lublin Poland
| | - Jarogniew J. Luszczki
- Isobolographic Analysis Laboratory; Institute of Rural Health; Jaczewskiego 2 PL 20-950 Lublin Poland
- Department of Pathophysiology; Medical University; Ceramiczna 1 PL 20-150 Lublin Poland
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Florek-Luszczki M, Wlaz A, Zagaja M, Andres-Mach M, Kondrat-Wrobel MW, Luszczki JJ. Effects of WIN 55,212-2 (a synthetic cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptor agonist) on the anticonvulsant activity of various novel antiepileptic drugs against 6 Hz-induced psychomotor seizures in mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2015; 130:53-8. [PMID: 25592741 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Revised: 12/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of WIN 55,212-2 mesylate (WIN-a non-selective cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptor agonist) on the anticonvulsant activity of various second- and third-generation antiepileptic drugs (i.e., gabapentin, lacosamide, levetiracetam, oxcarbazepine, pregabalin and tiagabine) in the mouse 6 Hz-induced psychomotor seizure model. Psychomotor seizures were evoked in albino Swiss mice by a current (32 mA, 6 Hz, 3s stimulus duration) delivered via ocular electrodes. Additionally, total brain antiepileptic drug concentrations were measured. Results indicate that WIN (5 mg/kg, administered i.p.) significantly potentiated the anticonvulsant action of gabapentin (P < 0.05) and levetiracetam (P < 0.01), but not that of lacosamide, oxcarbazepine, pregabalin or tiagabine in the mouse psychomotor seizure model. Moreover, WIN (2.5 mg/kg) had no significant effect on the anticonvulsant activity of all tested antiepileptic drugs in the 6 Hz test in mice. Measurement of total brain antiepileptic drug concentrations revealed that WIN (5 mg/kg) had no impact on gabapentin or levetiracetam total brain concentrations, indicating the pharmacodynamic nature of interaction between these antiepileptic drugs in the mouse 6Hz model. In conclusion, WIN in combination with gabapentin and levetiracetam exerts beneficial anticonvulsant pharmacodynamic interactions in the mouse psychomotor seizure model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aleksandra Wlaz
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University, Ceramiczna 1, PL 20-150 Lublin, Poland
| | - Mirosław Zagaja
- Isobolographic Analysis Laboratory, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, PL 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Marta Andres-Mach
- Isobolographic Analysis Laboratory, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, PL 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Maria W Kondrat-Wrobel
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University, Ceramiczna 1, PL 20-150 Lublin, Poland
| | - Jarogniew J Luszczki
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University, Ceramiczna 1, PL 20-150 Lublin, Poland; Isobolographic Analysis Laboratory, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, PL 20-950 Lublin, Poland.
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Florek-Luszczki M, Zagaja M, Luszczki JJ. Influence of WIN 55,212-2 on the anticonvulsant and acute neurotoxic potential of clobazam and lacosamide in the maximal electroshock-induced seizure model and chimney test in mice. Epilepsy Res 2014; 108:1728-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Revised: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Florek-Luszczki M, Wlaz A, Kondrat-Wrobel MW, Tutka P, Luszczki JJ. Effects of WIN 55,212-2 (a non-selective cannabinoid CB1 and CB 2 receptor agonist) on the protective action of various classical antiepileptic drugs in the mouse 6 Hz psychomotor seizure model. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2014; 121:707-15. [PMID: 24549572 PMCID: PMC4065376 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-014-1173-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 02/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize the influence of WIN 55,212-2 (WIN—a non-selective cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptor agonist) on the anticonvulsant effects of various classical antiepileptic drugs (clobazam, clonazepam, phenobarbital and valproate) in the mouse 6 Hz-induced psychomotor seizure model. Limbic (psychomotor) seizure activity was evoked in albino Swiss mice by a current (32 mA, 6 Hz, 3 s stimulus duration) delivered via ocular electrodes. Drug-related adverse effects were ascertained by use of the chimney test (evaluating motor performance), step-through passive avoidance task (assessing learning) and grip-strength test (evaluating skeletal muscular strength). Total brain concentrations of antiepileptic drugs were measured by fluorescence polarization immunoassay to ascertain any pharmacokinetic contribution to the observed antiseizure effect. Results indicate that WIN (5 mg/kg, administered intraperitoneally) significantly enhanced the anticonvulsant action of clonazepam (P < 0.001), phenobarbital (P < 0.05) and valproate (P < 0.05), but not that of clobazam in the mouse 6 Hz model. Moreover, WIN (2.5 mg/kg) significantly potentiated the anticonvulsant action of clonazepam (P < 0.01), but not that of clobazam, phenobarbital or valproate in the 6 Hz test in mice. None of the investigated combinations of WIN with antiepileptic drugs was associated with any concurrent adverse effects with regard to motor performance, learning or muscular strength. Pharmacokinetic experiments revealed that WIN had no impact on total brain concentrations of antiepileptic drugs in mice. These preclinical data would suggest that WIN in combination with clonazepam, phenobarbital and valproate is associated with beneficial anticonvulsant pharmacodynamic interactions in the mouse 6 Hz-induced psychomotor seizure test.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aleksandra Wlaz
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University, Ceramiczna 1, 20-150 Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Piotr Tutka
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Warzywna 1, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Jarogniew J. Luszczki
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University, Ceramiczna 1, 20-150 Lublin, Poland
- Isobolographic Analysis Laboratory, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
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Florek-Luszczki M, Wlaz A, Luszczki JJ. Interactions of levetiracetam with carbamazepine, phenytoin, topiramate and vigabatrin in the mouse 6Hz psychomotor seizure model – A type II isobolographic analysis. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 723:410-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.10.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Revised: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Andres-Mach M, Zadrożniak A, Haratym-Maj A, Florek-Luszczki M, Raszewski G, Antkiewicz-Michaluk L, Luszczki JJ. Effect of 1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline on the protective action of various antiepileptic drugs in the maximal electroshock-induced seizure model: a type II isobolographic analysis. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2013; 120:1651-63. [PMID: 23744255 PMCID: PMC3834176 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-013-1047-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize the interaction between 1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (1-MeTHIQ-an endogenous parkinsonism-preventing substance) and various antiepileptic drugs [AEDs: clonazepam (CZP), ethosuximide (ETS), gabapentin (GBP), levetiracetam (LEV), tiagabine (TGB) and vigabatrin (VGB)] in the mouse maximal electroshock (MES)-induced seizure model. Results indicate that 1-MeTHIQ in combination with CZP (at the fixed ratios of 50:1 and 25:1), ETS (1:10) and GBP (1:1, 1:2, 1:5 and 1:10) exerted supra-additive (synergistic) interactions in the mouse MES model. In contrast, 1-MeTHIQ in combination with CZP (200:1 and 100:1), ETS (1:1, 1:2 and 1:5), LEV and VGB (1:1, 1:2, 1:5 and 1:10), and TGB (200:1, 100:1, 50:1 and 25:1) produced additive interaction in the mouse MES model. Total brain AED concentrations were unaffected by 1-MeTHIQ, and inversely, CZP, ETS and GBP had no impact on total brain concentrations of 1-MeTHIQ, indicating pharmacodynamic nature of synergistic interactions between 1-MeTHIQ and the tested AEDs in the mouse MES model. In conclusion, the supra-additive interactions of 1-MeTHIQ with CZP (at the fixed ratios of 50:1 and 25:1), ETS (1:10) and GBP (1:1, 1:2, 1:5 and 1:10) in the mouse MES model appear to be particularly favorable combinations from a clinical viewpoint. The additive combinations of 1-MeTHIQ with CZP (100:1, 50:1), ETS (1:1, 1:2 and 1:5), LEV and VGB (1:1, 1:2, 1:5, and 1:10), and TGB (200:1, 100:1, 50:1 and 25:1) seem to be neutral and worthy of consideration in further clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Andres-Mach
- Isobolographic Analysis Laboratory, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Zadrożniak
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Haratym-Maj
- Department of Physiopathology, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Grzegorz Raszewski
- Department of Physiopathology, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Lucyna Antkiewicz-Michaluk
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Science, Smetna 12, 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - Jarogniew J. Luszczki
- Isobolographic Analysis Laboratory, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
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Lachowski S, Florek-Luszczki M. [Effects of work in childhood on health in the opinion of respondents from agricultural families]. Med Pr 2013; 64:373-385. [PMID: 24261250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The engagement of children in work is common in agricultural families. Work of children brings about cific benefits to both the family and the children; however, at the same time, it creates many hazards, including health risk. MATERIALS AND METHOD The aim of the study was to determine current and delayed health effects among individuals who were engaged in agricultural activities in childhood. The study was conducted using the method of diagnostic survey questionnaire and covered a group of 482 adults from agricultural families. RESULTS The majority of respondents expressed the opinion that work in childhood had no impact on their health. At the same time, 2/5 of respondents considered that work on their parents' farm exerted an effect on their health in childhood (current effects), whereas nearly 1/3 admitted that an engagement in work in childhood also affected their present state of health (delayed effects). In the respondents' opinion, overloading with work in childhood exerted an adverse effect on their health, and also resulted in health problems in adulthood. CONCLUSION The engagement of children in agricultural work in a small amount of working time, and adjustment of assigned jobs to their capabilities brings about many health benefits with low health risk. In turn, the engagement of children in work from their youngest years and overloading them with work exerts an adverse effect on health, especially in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislaw Lachowski
- Institut Medycyny Wsi im. Witolda Chodzki, Institute of Rural Health, Lublin, Poland.
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Andres-Mach M, Zolkowska D, Barcicka-Klosowska B, Haratym-Maj A, Florek-Luszczki M, Luszczki JJ. Effect of ACEA--a selective cannabinoid CB1 receptor agonist on the protective action of different antiepileptic drugs in the mouse pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure model. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2012; 39:301-9. [PMID: 22789660 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2012.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Revised: 06/30/2012] [Accepted: 07/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Endogenous cannabinoid ligands and cannabinoid CB1 receptor agonists have been shown to exert anticonvulsant effects in various experimental models of epilepsy. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of arachidonyl-2'-chloroethylamide (ACEA-a highly selective cannabinoid CB1 receptor agonist) on the protective action of clonazepam, ethosuximide, phenobarbital, and valproate against pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced clonic seizures in mice. To ascertain any pharmacokinetic contribution of ACEA to the observed interactions between tested drugs, free (non-protein bound) plasma and total brain concentrations of the antiepileptic drugs were estimated. Additionally, acute adverse-effect profiles of the combination of ACEA and different classical antiepileptic drugs (clonazepam, ethosuximide, phenobarbital and valproate) with respect to motor performance, long-term memory and skeletal muscular strength were measured. Results indicated that ACEA (10mg/kg, i.p.) co-administered with phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF-a substance protecting ACEA against degradation by the fatty-acid hydrolase; 30mg/kg, i.p.) significantly potentiated the anticonvulsant activity of ethosuximide, phenobarbital and valproate in the mouse PTZ-induced clonic seizure model by reducing their median effective doses (ED(50) values) from 122.8mg/kg to 71.7mg/kg (P<0.01; for ethosuximide), from 13.77mg/kg to 5.26mg/kg (P<0.05; for phenobarbital), and from 142.7mg/kg to 87.3mg/kg (P<0.05; for valproate), respectively. In contrast, ACEA (10mg/kg, i.p.) in combination with PMSF (30mg/kg, i.p.) had no impact on the protective action of clonazepam against PTZ-induced seizures in mice. However, ACEA (10mg/kg)+PMSF (30mg/kg) considerably increased free plasma and total brain concentrations of ethosuximide and valproate in mice suggesting a pharmacokinetic nature of interaction between drugs. In contrast, free plasma and total brain concentrations of clonazepam and phenobarbital remained unchanged after ACEA+PMSF administration and thus, indicating pharmacodynamic interactions. Moreover, none of the examined combinations of ACEA (10mg/kg, i.p.)+PMSF (30mg/kg, i.p.) with clonazepam, ethosuximide, phenobarbital, and valproate (at their ED(50) values from the PTZ-induced seizure test) affected motor coordination in the chimney test, long-term memory in the passive avoidance task, and muscular strength in the grip-strength test in mice, indicating no possible acute adverse effects in animals. In conclusion, pharmacodynamic enhancement of the anticonvulsant potency of phenobarbital by ACEA+PMSF is worthy of recommendation for further clinical settings. Pharmacokinetic interactions of ACEA+PMSF with ethosuximide and valproate seem to be responsible for a significant suppression of PTZ-induced seizures in mice. The combination of ACEA+PMSF with clonazepam seems to be neutral from a preclinical viewpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Andres-Mach
- Isobolographic Analysis Laboratory, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, PL 20-950 Lublin, Poland
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Florek-Luszczki M, Haratym-Maj A. W486 EVALUATION OF AVAILABILITY OF PROPHYLACTIC BREAST EXAMINATION AMONG FEMALE RURAL DWELLERS. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7292(12)62205-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Florek-Luszczki M, Haratym-Maj A. W485 ATTITUDE OF FEMALE RURAL DWELLERS TOWARD PROPHYLACTIC BREAST EXAMINATION. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7292(12)62204-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Luszczki JJ, Filip D, Florek-Luszczki M. Interactions of pregabalin with gabapentin, levetiracetam, tiagabine and vigabatrin in the mouse maximal electroshock-induced seizure model: A type II isobolographic analysis. Epilepsy Res 2012; 98:148-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2011.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2011] [Revised: 08/30/2011] [Accepted: 09/05/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Luszczki JJ, Andres-Mach M, Barcicka-Klosowska B, Florek-Luszczki M, Haratym-Maj A, Czuczwar SJ. Effects of WIN 55,212-2 mesylate (a synthetic cannabinoid) on the protective action of clonazepam, ethosuximide, phenobarbital and valproate against pentylenetetrazole-induced clonic seizures in mice. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2011; 35:1870-6. [PMID: 21777642 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2011.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2011] [Revised: 06/23/2011] [Accepted: 07/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of WIN 55,212-2 mesylate (WIN - a non-selective cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptor agonist) on the protective action of four classical antiepileptic drugs (AEDs: clonazepam [CZP], ethosuximide [ETS], phenobarbital [PB], and valproate [VPA]) in the mouse pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced clonic seizure model. WIN (15 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly enhanced the anticonvulsant action of ETS, PB and VPA, but not that of CZP against PTZ-induced clonic seizures. The ED(50) values of ETS, PB and VPA were reduced from 148.0, 13.9 and 137.1mg/kg to 104.0, 8.3 and 85.6 mg/kg, respectively (P<0.05). WIN (5 and 10mg/kg, i.p.) had no impact on the anticonvulsant action of all studied AEDs against PTZ-induced clonic seizures. WIN (15 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly elevated total brain concentrations of ETS and VPA, but not those of CZP and PB in mice. Moreover, WIN combined with CZP, ETS, PB and VPA significantly impaired motor performance, long-term memory and muscular strength in mice subjected to the chimney, passive avoidance and grip-strength tests, respectively. Pharmacodynamic enhancement of the anticonvulsant action of PB by WIN against PTZ-induced clonic seizures is favorable from a preclinical viewpoint. Advantageous effects of WIN in combination with ETS and VPA against PTZ-induced seizures were pharmacokinetic in nature. However, WIN combined with CZP, ETS, PB and VPA impaired motor coordination and long-term memory as well as reduced skeletal muscular strength in the experimental animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarogniew J Luszczki
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, PL 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
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