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Camiolo G, Mullen CG, Ottersbach K. Mechanistic insights into the developmental origin of pediatric hematologic disorders. Exp Hematol 2024; 136:104583. [PMID: 39059457 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2024.104583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Embryonic and fetal hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells differ in some key properties from cells that are part of the adult hematopoietic system. These include higher proliferation and self-renewal capacity, different globin gene usage, and differing lineage biases. Although these evolved to cover specific requirements of embryonic development, they can have serious consequences for the pathogenesis of hematologic malignancies that initiate prebirth in fetal blood cells and may result in a particularly aggressive disease that does not respond well to treatments that have been designed for adult leukemias. This indicates that these infant/pediatric leukemias should be considered developmental diseases, where a thorough understanding of their unique biology is essential for designing more effective therapies. In this review, we will highlight some of these unique fetal properties and detail the underlying molecular drivers of these phenotypes. We specifically focus on those that are pertinent to disease pathogenesis and that may therefore reveal disease vulnerabilities. We have also included an extensive description of the origins, phenotypes, and key molecular drivers of the main infant and pediatric leukemias that have a known prenatal origin. Importantly, successes in recent years in generating faithful models of these malignancies in which cellular origins, key drivers, and potential vulnerabilities can be investigated have resulted in uncovering potential, new therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Camiolo
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher G Mullen
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Katrin Ottersbach
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
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2
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Ling RE, Cross JW, Roy A. Aberrant stem cell and developmental programs in pediatric leukemia. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1372899. [PMID: 38601080 PMCID: PMC11004259 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1372899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Hematopoiesis is a finely orchestrated process, whereby hematopoietic stem cells give rise to all mature blood cells. Crucially, they maintain the ability to self-renew and/or differentiate to replenish downstream progeny. This process starts at an embryonic stage and continues throughout the human lifespan. Blood cancers such as leukemia occur when normal hematopoiesis is disrupted, leading to uncontrolled proliferation and a block in differentiation of progenitors of a particular lineage (myeloid or lymphoid). Although normal stem cell programs are crucial for tissue homeostasis, these can be co-opted in many cancers, including leukemia. Myeloid or lymphoid leukemias often display stem cell-like properties that not only allow proliferation and survival of leukemic blasts but also enable them to escape treatments currently employed to treat patients. In addition, some leukemias, especially in children, have a fetal stem cell profile, which may reflect the developmental origins of the disease. Aberrant fetal stem cell programs necessary for leukemia maintenance are particularly attractive therapeutic targets. Understanding how hijacked stem cell programs lead to aberrant gene expression in place and time, and drive the biology of leukemia, will help us develop the best treatment strategies for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca E. Ling
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Joe W. Cross
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Anindita Roy
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom
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3
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Yin H, Wang J, Tan Y, Jiang M, Zhang H, Meng G. Transcription factor abnormalities in B-ALL leukemogenesis and treatment. Trends Cancer 2023; 9:855-870. [PMID: 37407363 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2023.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
The biological regulation of transcription factors (TFs) and repressor proteins is an important mechanism for maintaining cell homeostasis. In B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) TF abnormalities occur at high frequency and are often recognized as the major driving factor in carcinogenesis. We provide an in-depth review of molecular mechanisms of six major TF rearrangements in B-ALL, including DUX4-rearranged (DUX4-R), MEF2D-R, ZNF384-R, ETV6-RUNX1 and TCF3-PBX1 fusions, and KMT2A-R. In addition, the therapeutic options and prognoses for patients who harbor these TF abnormalities are discussed. This review aims to provide an up-to-date panoramic view of how TF-based oncogenic fusions might drive carcinogenesis and impact on potential therapeutic exploration of B-ALL treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxin Yin
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Junfei Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yangxia Tan
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Minghao Jiang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Institute for Translational Brain Research, Ministry of Education (MOE) Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, 200032 Shanghai, China.
| | - Guoyu Meng
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China.
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4
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Mori M, Ghirga F, Amato B, Secco L, Quaglio D, Romeo I, Gambirasi M, Bergamo A, Covaceuszach S, Sgarra R, Botta B, Manfioletti G. Selection of Natural Compounds with HMGA-Interfering Activities and Cancer Cell Cytotoxicity. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:32424-32431. [PMID: 37720761 PMCID: PMC10500574 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
HMGA proteins are intrinsically disordered (ID) chromatin architectural factors characterized by three DNA binding domains (AT-hooks) that allow them to bind into the DNA minor groove of AT-rich stretches. HMGA are functionally involved in regulating transcription, RNA processing, DNA repair, and chromatin remodeling and dynamics. These proteins are highly expressed and play essential functions during embryonic development. They are almost undetectable in adult tissues but are re-expressed at high levels in all cancers where they are involved in neoplastic transformation and cancer progression. We focused on identifying new small molecules capable of binding into the minor groove of AT-rich DNA sequences that could compete with HMGA for DNA binding and, thus, potentially interfere with their activities. Here, a docking-based virtual screening of a unique high diversity in-house library composed of around 1000 individual natural products identified 16 natural compounds as potential minor groove binders that could inhibit the interaction between HMGA and DNA. To verify the ability of these selected compounds to compete with HMGA proteins, we screened them using electrophoretic mobility shift assays. We identified Sorocein C, a Diels-Alder (D-A)-type adducts, isolated from Sorocea ilicifolia and Sorocea bonplandii with an HMGA/DNA-displacing activity and compared its activity with that of two structurally related compounds, Sorocein A and Sorocein B. All these compounds showed a cytotoxicity effect on cancer cells, suggesting that the Sorocein-structural family may provide new and yet unexplored chemotypes for the development of minor groove binders to be evaluated as anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Mori
- Department
of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena 53100, Italy
| | - Francesca Ghirga
- Department
of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, Sapienza-University
of Rome, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Beatrice Amato
- Department
of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Luca Secco
- Department
of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Deborah Quaglio
- Department
of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, Sapienza-University
of Rome, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Isabella Romeo
- Department
of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, Sapienza-University
of Rome, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Marta Gambirasi
- Department
of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Alberta Bergamo
- Department
of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Sonia Covaceuszach
- Institute
of Crystallography, National Research Council, Trieste Outstation, Basovizza, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Riccardo Sgarra
- Department
of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Bruno Botta
- Department
of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, Sapienza-University
of Rome, Rome 00185, Italy
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5
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MicroRNAs and the Diagnosis of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis and Re-Analysis with Novel Small RNA-Seq Tools. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14163976. [PMID: 36010971 PMCID: PMC9406077 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14163976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been under the spotlight for the last three decades. These non-coding RNAs seem to be dynamic regulators of mRNA stability and translation, in addition to interfering with transcription. Circulating miRNAs play a critical role in cell-to-cell interplay; therefore, they can serve as disease biomarkers. Meta-analysis of published data revealed that the CC genotype of rs4938723 in pri-miR-34b/c and the TT genotype of rs543412 in miR-100 confer protection against acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in children. Reanalysis of small RNA-seq data with novel tools identified significantly overexpressed members of the miR-128, miR-181, miR-130 and miR-17 families and significantly lower expression of miR-30, miR-24-2 and miR143~145 clusters, miR-574 and miR-618 in pediatric T-ALL cases compared with controls. Inconsistencies in methodology and study designs in most published material preclude reproducibility, and further cohort studies need to be conducted in order to empower novel tools, such as ALLSorts and RNAseqCNV. Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) pathogenesis. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of miRNA single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in childhood ALL compared with healthy children, which revealed (i) that the CC genotype of rs4938723 in pri-miR-34b/c and the TT genotype of rs543412 in miR-100 confer protection against ALL occurrence in children; (ii) no significant association between rs2910164 genotypes in miR-146a and childhood ALL; and (iii) SNPs in DROSHA, miR-449b, miR-938, miR-3117 and miR-3689d-2 genes seem to be associated with susceptibility to B-ALL in childhood. A review of published literature on differential expression of miRNAs in children with ALL compared with controls revealed a significant upregulation of the miR-128 family, miR-130b, miR-155, miR-181 family, miR-210, miR-222, miR-363 and miR-708, along with significant downregulation of miR-143 and miR-148a, seem to have a definite role in childhood ALL development. MicroRNA signatures among childhood ALL subtypes, along with differential miRNA expression patterns between B-ALL and T-ALL cases, were scrutinized. With respect to T-ALL pediatric cases, we reanalyzed RNA-seq datasets with a robust and sensitive pipeline and confirmed the significant differential expression of hsa-miR-16-5p, hsa-miR-19b-3p, hsa-miR-92a-2-5p, hsa-miR-128-3p (ranked first), hsa-miR-130b-3p and -5p, hsa-miR-181a-5p, -2-3p and -3p, hsa-miR-181b-5p and -3p, hsa-miR-145-5p and hsa-miR-574-3p, as described in the literature, along with novel identified miRNAs.
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6
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Leo IR, Aswad L, Stahl M, Kunold E, Post F, Erkers T, Struyf N, Mermelekas G, Joshi RN, Gracia-Villacampa E, Östling P, Kallioniemi OP, Tamm KP, Siavelis I, Lehtiö J, Vesterlund M, Jafari R. Integrative multi-omics and drug response profiling of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1691. [PMID: 35354797 PMCID: PMC8967900 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29224-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common childhood cancer. Although standard-of-care chemotherapeutics are sufficient for most ALL cases, there are subsets of patients with poor response who relapse in disease. The biology underlying differences between subtypes and their response to therapy has only partially been explained by genetic and transcriptomic profiling. Here, we perform comprehensive multi-omic analyses of 49 readily available childhood ALL cell lines, using proteomics, transcriptomics, and pharmacoproteomic characterization. We connect the molecular phenotypes with drug responses to 528 oncology drugs, identifying drug correlations as well as lineage-dependent correlations. We also identify the diacylglycerol-analog bryostatin-1 as a therapeutic candidate in the MEF2D-HNRNPUL1 fusion high-risk subtype, for which this drug activates pro-apoptotic ERK signaling associated with molecular mediators of pre-B cell negative selection. Our data is the foundation for the interactive online Functional Omics Resource of ALL (FORALL) with navigable proteomics, transcriptomics, and drug sensitivity profiles at https://proteomics.se/forall. Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia is characterised by a range of genetic aberrations. Here, the authors use multi-omics profiling of ALL cell lines to connect molecular phenotypes and drug responses to provide an interactive resource of drug sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Rose Leo
- Clinical Proteomics Mass Spectrometry, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Science for Life Laboratory, Tomtebodavägen 23A, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
| | - Luay Aswad
- Clinical Proteomics Mass Spectrometry, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Science for Life Laboratory, Tomtebodavägen 23A, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
| | - Matthias Stahl
- Clinical Proteomics Mass Spectrometry, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Science for Life Laboratory, Tomtebodavägen 23A, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
| | - Elena Kunold
- Clinical Proteomics Mass Spectrometry, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Science for Life Laboratory, Tomtebodavägen 23A, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
| | - Frederik Post
- Clinical Proteomics Mass Spectrometry, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Science for Life Laboratory, Tomtebodavägen 23A, 171 65, Solna, Sweden.,Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Muenster, Schlossplatz 7, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - Tom Erkers
- Molecular Precision Medicine, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Science for Life Laboratory, Tomtebodavägen 23A, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
| | - Nona Struyf
- Molecular Precision Medicine, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Science for Life Laboratory, Tomtebodavägen 23A, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
| | - Georgios Mermelekas
- Clinical Proteomics Mass Spectrometry, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Science for Life Laboratory, Tomtebodavägen 23A, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
| | - Rubin Narayan Joshi
- Clinical Proteomics Mass Spectrometry, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Science for Life Laboratory, Tomtebodavägen 23A, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
| | - Eva Gracia-Villacampa
- Division of Gene Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH, Science for Life Laboratory, Tomtebodavägen 23A, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
| | - Päivi Östling
- Molecular Precision Medicine, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Science for Life Laboratory, Tomtebodavägen 23A, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
| | - Olli P Kallioniemi
- Molecular Precision Medicine, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Science for Life Laboratory, Tomtebodavägen 23A, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
| | - Katja Pokrovskaja Tamm
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, J6:140 BioClinicum, Akademiska stråket 1, 171 64, Solna, Sweden
| | - Ioannis Siavelis
- Clinical Proteomics Mass Spectrometry, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Science for Life Laboratory, Tomtebodavägen 23A, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
| | - Janne Lehtiö
- Clinical Proteomics Mass Spectrometry, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Science for Life Laboratory, Tomtebodavägen 23A, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
| | - Mattias Vesterlund
- Clinical Proteomics Mass Spectrometry, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Science for Life Laboratory, Tomtebodavägen 23A, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
| | - Rozbeh Jafari
- Clinical Proteomics Mass Spectrometry, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Science for Life Laboratory, Tomtebodavägen 23A, 171 65, Solna, Sweden.
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7
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Barca I, Mignogna C, Donato G, Cristofaro MG. Expression of PLAG1, HMGA1 and HMGA2 in minor salivary glands tumours. Gland Surg 2021; 10:1609-1617. [PMID: 34164305 DOI: 10.21037/gs-20-667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Diagnosis of minor salivary gland (MSG) tumours is often difficult, due to the scarce tissue obtained from bioptic excision and complex histopathological differential diagnosis. In our study we performed an immunohistochemical analysis of PLAG1, HMGA1 and HMGA2 on a series of MSG tumours, in order to develop a new helpful diagnostic panel. Methods A retrospective series of 17 surgical specimens of MSG tumours were analysed for the expression of PLAG1, HMGA1 and HMGA2. Three control cases were enrolled and analysed. An intensity and percentage-based approach was performed, creating a combined score panel. Results PLAG1 facilitate the diagnosis of benign tumours, discriminating it from malignant histotypes, with a defined cut-off value. Similarly, HMGA1 is significantly higher in benign histotypes than in malignant ones. HMGA2 in our series, did not reveal any association in identifying benign from malignant histotypes. Conclusions In this study we assessed the diagnostic role of PLAG1, HMGA1 and HMGA2 immunohistochemical analysis. The score panel facilitate histopathological diagnosis of these rare tumours, helping to distinguish benign tumours from malignant ones and ameliorating the differential diagnosis of specific histotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Barca
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Chiara Mignogna
- Department of Health Science, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Donato
- Department of Health Science, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
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Pegoraro S, Ros G, Sgubin M, Petrosino S, Zambelli A, Sgarra R, Manfioletti G. Targeting the intrinsically disordered architectural High Mobility Group A (HMGA) oncoproteins in breast cancer: learning from the past to design future strategies. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2020; 24:953-969. [PMID: 32970506 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2020.1814738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most difficult breast cancer subtype to treat because of its heterogeneity and lack of specific therapeutic targets. High Mobility Group A (HMGA) proteins are chromatin architectural factors that have multiple oncogenic functions in breast cancer, and they represent promising molecular therapeutic targets for this disease. AREAS COVERED We offer an overview of the strategies that have been exploited to counteract HMGA oncoprotein activities at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. We also present the possibility of targeting cancer-associated factors that lie downstream of HMGA proteins and discuss the contribution of HMGA proteins to chemoresistance. EXPERT OPINION Different strategies have been exploited to counteract HMGA protein activities; these involve interfering with their nucleic acid binding properties and the blocking of HMGA expression. Some approaches have provided promising results. However, some unique characteristics of the HMGA proteins have not been exploited; these include their extensive protein-protein interaction network and their intrinsically disordered status that present the possibility that HMGA proteins could be involved in the formation of proteinaceous membrane-less organelles (PMLO) by liquid-liquid phase separation. These unexplored characteristics could open new pharmacological avenues to counteract the oncogenic contributions of HMGA proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Pegoraro
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste , Trieste, Italy
| | - Gloria Ros
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste , Trieste, Italy
| | - Michela Sgubin
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste , Trieste, Italy
| | - Sara Petrosino
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste , Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Riccardo Sgarra
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste , Trieste, Italy
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Minervini A, Coccaro N, Anelli L, Zagaria A, Specchia G, Albano F. HMGA Proteins in Hematological Malignancies. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1456. [PMID: 32503270 PMCID: PMC7353061 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The high mobility group AT-Hook (HMGA) proteins are a family of nonhistone chromatin remodeling proteins known as "architectural transcriptional factors". By binding the minor groove of AT-rich DNA sequences, they interact with the transcription apparatus, altering the chromatin modeling and regulating gene expression by either enhancing or suppressing the binding of the more usual transcriptional activators and repressors, although they do not themselves have any transcriptional activity. Their involvement in both benign and malignant neoplasias is well-known and supported by a large volume of studies. In this review, we focus on the role of the HMGA proteins in hematological malignancies, exploring the mechanisms through which they enhance neoplastic transformation and how this knowledge could be exploited to devise tailored therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Francesco Albano
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology Section, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.M.); (N.C.); (L.A.); (A.Z.); (G.S.)
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10
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Zhang H, Cheng J, Li Z, Xi Y. Identification of hub genes and molecular mechanisms in infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia with MLL gene rearrangement. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7628. [PMID: 31523525 PMCID: PMC6717502 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with the mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) gene rearrangement (MLL-R) is considered a distinct leukemia from childhood or non-MLL-R infant ALL. To detect key genes and elucidate the molecular mechanisms of MLL-R infant ALL, microarray expression data were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between MLL-R and non-MLL-R infant ALL were identified. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were carried out. Then, we constructed a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and identified the hub genes. Finally, drug-gene interactions were mined. A total of 139 cases of MLL-R infant ALL including 77 (55.4%) fusions with AF4, 38 (27.3%) with ENL, 14 (10.1%) with AF9, and 10 (7.2%) other gene fusions were characterized. A total of 236 up-regulated and 84 down-regulated DEGs were identified. The up-regulated DEGs were mainly involved in homophilic cell adhesion, negative regulation of apoptotic process and cellular response to drug GO terms, while down-regulated DEGs were mainly enriched in extracellular matrix organization, protein kinase C signaling and neuron projection extension GO terms. The up-regulated DEGs were enriched in seven KEGG pathways, mainly involving transcriptional regulation and signaling pathways, and down-regulated DEGs were involved in three main KEGG pathways including Alzheimer’s disease, TGF-beta signaling pathway, and hematopoietic cell lineage. The PPI network included 297 nodes and 410 edges, with MYC, ALB, CD44, PTPRC and TNF identified as hub genes. Twenty-three drug-gene interactions including four up-regulated hub genes and 24 drugs were constructed by Drug Gene Interaction database (DGIdb). In conclusion, MYC, ALB, CD44, PTPRC and TNF may be potential bio-markers for the diagnosis and therapy of MLL-R infant ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Juan Cheng
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zijian Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yaming Xi
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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11
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Adenomyoepitheliomas of the Breast Frequently Harbor Recurrent Hotspot Mutations in PIK3-AKT Pathway-related Genes and a Subset Show Genetic Similarity to Salivary Gland Epithelial-Myoepithelial Carcinoma. Am J Surg Pathol 2019; 43:1005-1013. [DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000001275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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12
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Malouf C, Ottersbach K. The fetal liver lymphoid-primed multipotent progenitor provides the prerequisites for the initiation of t(4;11) MLL-AF4 infant leukemia. Haematologica 2018; 103:e571-e574. [PMID: 29903765 PMCID: PMC6269304 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.191718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Camille Malouf
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, UK
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13
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Li W, Wang H, Yang Y, Zhao T, Zhang Z, Tian Y, Shi Z, Peng X, Li F, Feng Y, Zhang L, Jiang G, Zhang F. Integrative Analysis of Proteome and Ubiquitylome Reveals Unique Features of Lysosomal and Endocytic Pathways in Gefitinib-Resistant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells. Proteomics 2018; 18:e1700388. [PMID: 29901268 PMCID: PMC6099292 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201700388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients carrying EGFR activating mutations treated with gefitinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, will develop drug resistance. Ubiquitylation is one of major posttranslational modifications of proteins affecting the stability or function of proteins. However, the role of protein ubiquitylation in gefitinib resistance is poorly understood. To systematically identify the global change in protein expression and ubiquitylation during gefitinib resistance, a quantitative global proteome and ubiquitylome study in a pair of gefitinib-resistant and sensitive NSCLC cells is carried out. Altogether, changes in expression of 3773 proteins are quantified, and changes in ubiquitylation of 2893 lysine sites in 1415 proteins are measured in both cells. Interestingly, lysosomal and endocytic pathways, which are involved in autophagy regulation, are enriched with upregulated proteins or ubiquitylated proteins in gefitinib-resistant cells. In addition, HMGA2 overexpression or ALOX5 knockdown suppresses gefitinib resistance in NSCLC cells by inhibiting autophagy. Overall, these results reveal the previously unknown global ubiquitylome and proteomic features associated with gefitinib resistance, uncover the opposing roles of HMGA2 or ALOX5 in regulating gefitinib resistance and autophagy, and will help to identify new therapeutic targets in overcoming gefitinib resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Li
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryShanghai Key Lab of TuberculosisShanghai Pulmonary HospitalSchool of Life Science and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghai200433P. R. China
| | - Heyong Wang
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryShanghai Key Lab of TuberculosisShanghai Pulmonary HospitalSchool of Life Science and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghai200433P. R. China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryShanghai Key Lab of TuberculosisShanghai Pulmonary HospitalSchool of Life Science and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghai200433P. R. China
| | - Tian Zhao
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryShanghai Key Lab of TuberculosisShanghai Pulmonary HospitalSchool of Life Science and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghai200433P. R. China
| | - Zhixiong Zhang
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryShanghai Key Lab of TuberculosisShanghai Pulmonary HospitalSchool of Life Science and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghai200433P. R. China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryShanghai Key Lab of TuberculosisShanghai Pulmonary HospitalSchool of Life Science and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghai200433P. R. China
| | - Zhaomie Shi
- Jingjie PTM BioLab Co. Ltd.Hangzhou Economic and Technological Development AreaHangzhou310018P. R. China
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- Jingjie PTM BioLab Co. Ltd.Hangzhou Economic and Technological Development AreaHangzhou310018P. R. China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of BiologyNew York UniversityNew YorkNY10003USA
| | - Yonghong Feng
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryShanghai Key Lab of TuberculosisShanghai Pulmonary HospitalSchool of Life Science and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghai200433P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryShanghai Key Lab of TuberculosisShanghai Pulmonary HospitalSchool of Life Science and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghai200433P. R. China
| | - Gening Jiang
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryShanghai Key Lab of TuberculosisShanghai Pulmonary HospitalSchool of Life Science and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghai200433P. R. China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryShanghai Key Lab of TuberculosisShanghai Pulmonary HospitalSchool of Life Science and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghai200433P. R. China
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14
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Malouf C, Ottersbach K. Molecular processes involved in B cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:417-446. [PMID: 28819864 PMCID: PMC5765206 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2620-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
B cell leukaemia is one of the most frequent malignancies in the paediatric population, but also affects a significant proportion of adults in developed countries. The majority of infant and paediatric cases initiate the process of leukaemogenesis during foetal development (in utero) through the formation of a chromosomal translocation or the acquisition/deletion of genetic material (hyperdiploidy or hypodiploidy, respectively). This first genetic insult is the major determinant for the prognosis and therapeutic outcome of patients. B cell leukaemia in adults displays similar molecular features as its paediatric counterpart. However, since this disease is highly represented in the infant and paediatric population, this review will focus on this demographic group and summarise the biological, clinical and epidemiological knowledge on B cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia of four well characterised subtypes: t(4;11) MLL-AF4, t(12;21) ETV6-RUNX1, t(1;19) E2A-PBX1 and t(9;22) BCR-ABL1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Malouf
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Katrin Ottersbach
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK.
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15
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Doerrenberg M, Kloetgen A, Hezaveh K, Wössmann W, Bleckmann K, Stanulla M, Schrappe M, McHardy AC, Borkhardt A, Hoell JI. T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia in infants has distinct genetic and epigenetic features compared to childhood cases. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2016; 56:159-167. [DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mareike Doerrenberg
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology; Heinrich-Heine-University, Medical Faculty; Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Andreas Kloetgen
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology; Heinrich-Heine-University, Medical Faculty; Düsseldorf Germany
- Computational Biology of Infection Research, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research; Braunschweig Germany
| | - Kebria Hezaveh
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology; Heinrich-Heine-University, Medical Faculty; Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Wilhelm Wössmann
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology; University Hospital Gießen and Marburg; Gießen Germany
| | - Kirsten Bleckmann
- ALL BFM Trial Center; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein; Kiel Germany
| | - Martin Stanulla
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology; Hannover Medical School; Hannover Germany
| | - Martin Schrappe
- Department of Pediatrics; University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein; Kiel Germany
| | - Alice C McHardy
- Computational Biology of Infection Research, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research; Braunschweig Germany
| | - Arndt Borkhardt
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology; Heinrich-Heine-University, Medical Faculty; Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Jessica I Hoell
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology; Heinrich-Heine-University, Medical Faculty; Düsseldorf Germany
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16
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Peter S, Yu H, Ivanyi-Nagy R, Dröge P. Cell-based high-throughput compound screening reveals functional interaction between oncofetal HMGA2 and topoisomerase I. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:e162. [PMID: 27587582 PMCID: PMC5159536 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
HMGA2 is an important chromatin factor that interacts with DNA via three AT-hook domains, thereby regulating chromatin architecture and transcription during embryonic and fetal development. The protein is absent from differentiated somatic cells, but aberrantly re-expressed in most aggressive human neoplasias where it is causally linked to cell transformation and metastasis. DNA-binding also enables HMGA2 to protect cancer cells from DNA-damaging agents. HMGA2 therefore is considered to be a prime drug target for many aggressive malignancies. Here, we have developed a broadly applicable cell-based reporter system which can identify HMGA2 antagonists targeting functionally important protein domains, as validated with the known AT-hook competitor netropsin. In addition, high-throughput screening can uncover functional links between HMGA2 and cellular factors important for cell transformation. This is demonstrated with the discovery that HMGA2 potentiates the clinically important topoisomerase I inhibitor irinotecan/SN-38 in trapping the enzyme in covalent DNA-complexes, thereby attenuating transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Peter
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Haojie Yu
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Roland Ivanyi-Nagy
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Peter Dröge
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
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