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Li L, Li Z, Feng X, Yang Z, Jin N, Zhu L, Zang X, Xing L, Ren Y, Zhang H. Predictive value of systemic inflammatory response-related indices for survival in tongue cancer. Oral Dis 2024; 30:187-194. [PMID: 35989554 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We assessed the potential prognostic significance of the preoperative systemic inflammation index, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in patients who underwent surgical resection. SUBJECTS AND METHODS This retrospective study included 224 patients with clinicopathologically confirmed squamous carcinoma of the tongue who underwent surgery between August 2009 and December 2017. The optimal cut-off values for the indices were determined by receiver operating characteristic curves. Correlations between the indices and clinicopathological variables were determined by Pearson chi-square or Fisher exact tests. The Kaplan-Meier test was used to compare overall survival between groups (high and low values); the log-rank or Breslow test was used to assess differences in survival. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were used to analyze predictive values of the indices as independent indicators of overall survival. Bilateral p values of <0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS Significant association was found between the indices and sex, tissue grade, tumor location, and lymph nodes metastases (p < 0.05). On Kaplan-Meier analysis, patients with lower values of the indices had longer overall survival (p < 0.05). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models identified age, lymph node metastases, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as independent predictors of overall survival. CONCLUSION The studied indices have potential prognostic significance in patients with squamous tongue cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangbo Li
- Department of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Zhanbo Li
- School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuanqi Feng
- Department of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao Yang
- Department of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Nenghao Jin
- Department of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Zhu
- Department of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyi Zang
- Department of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Lejun Xing
- Department of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yipeng Ren
- Department of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Haizhong Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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2
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Li S, Wang H. Research Progress on Mechanism and Management of Adverse Drug Reactions of Anlotinib. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:3429-3437. [PMID: 38024530 PMCID: PMC10657757 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s426898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-angiogenesis therapy plays a vital role in the treatment of tumors, with anlotinib as its representative targeted drug. Anlotinib is a novel oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) with inhibitory effects on tumor growth tumor angiogenesis. In Phase III clinical trials, anlotinib demonstrated better overall survival and progression-free survival than placebo in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and was approved for the first time as a third-line treatment for refractory advanced NSCLC. Going far beyond that, anlotinib has shown encouraging results in a variety of malignancies, including medullary thyroid carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, gastric cancer and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Nevertheless, anlotinib has been subject to some controversy in terms of adverse events due to its widespread use. In this review, the mechanism of action, pharmacokinetic characteristics, adverse reactions in clinical use and management of anlotinib were summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiting Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Baogang Hospital, Baotou City, Inner, Mongolia, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongqin Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Baogang Hospital, Baotou City, Inner, Mongolia, People’s Republic of China
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3
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Tu J, Liang H, Li C, Huang Y, Wang Z, Chen X, Yuan X. The application and research progress of anti-angiogenesis therapy in tumor immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1198972. [PMID: 37334350 PMCID: PMC10272381 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1198972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor immunotherapy, as the focus of scientific research and clinical tumor treatment in recent years, has received extensive attention. Due to its remarkable curative effect and fewer side effects than traditional treatments, it has significant clinical benefits for the treatment of various advanced cancers and can improve cancer patient survival in the long term. Currently, most patients cannot benefit from immunotherapy, and some patients may experience tumor recurrence and drug resistance even if they achieve remission overcome. Numerous studies have shown that the abnormal angiogenesis state of tumors can lead to immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, which affects the efficacy of immunotherapy. Actually, to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy, the application of anti-angiogenesis drugs to normalize abnormal tumor vessel has been widely confirmed in basic and clinical research. This review not only discusses the risk factors, mechanisms, and effects of abnormal and normalized tumor angiogenesis state on the immune environment, but summarizes the latest progress of immunotherapy combined with anti-angiogenic therapy. We hope this review provides an applied reference for anti-angiogenesis drugs and synergistic immunotherapy therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyao Tu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hang Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunya Li
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongbiao Huang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ziqi Wang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinyi Chen
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xianglin Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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4
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Abstract
Pathological hair loss (also known as alopecia) and shortage of hair follicle (HF) donors have posed an urgent requirement for HF regeneration. With the revelation of mechanisms in tissue engineering, the proliferation of HFs in vitro has achieved more promising trust for the treatments of alopecia and other skin impairments. Theoretically, HF organoids have great potential to develop into native HFs and attachments such as sweat glands after transplantation. However, since the rich extracellular matrix (ECM) deficiency, the induction characteristics of skin-derived cells gradually fade away along with their trichogenic capacity after continuous cell passaging in vitro. Therefore, ECM-mimicking support is an essential prelude before HF transplantation is implemented. This review summarizes the status of providing various epidermal and dermal cells with a three-dimensional (3D) scaffold to support the cell homeostasis and better mimic in vivo environments for the sake of HF regeneration. HF-relevant cells including dermal papilla cells (DPCs), hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs), and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are able to be induced to form HF organoids in the vitro culture system. The niche microenvironment simulated by different forms of biomaterial scaffold can offer the cells a network of ordered growth environment to alleviate inductivity loss and promote the expression of functional proteins. The scaffolds often play the role of ECM substrates and bring about epithelial-mesenchymal interaction (EMI) through coculture to ensure the functional preservation of HF cells during in vitro passage. Functional HF organoids can be formed either before or after transplantation into the dermis layer. Here, we review and emphasize the importance of 3D culture in HF regeneration in vitro. Finally, the latest progress in treatment trials and critical analysis of the properties and benefits of different emerging biomaterials for HF regeneration along with the main challenges and prospects of HF regenerative approaches are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zheng
- College of Food Science & Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, P.R. China
| | - Chang-Hua Xu
- College of Food Science & Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, P.R. China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing & Preservation, Shanghai 201306, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China
- National R&D Branch Center for Freshwater Aquatic Products Processing Technology (Shanghai), Shanghai 201306, China
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5
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Chen G, Liu J, Wang H, Wang M, Wang G, Hu T. SYP-3343 drives abnormal vascularization in zebrafish through regulating endothelial cell behavior. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 174:113671. [PMID: 36796616 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
SYP-3343 is a novel strobilurin fungicide with excellent and broad-spectrum antifungal activity, and its potential toxicity raises public health concerns. However, the vascular toxicity of SYP-3343 to zebrafish embryos is still not well understood. In the present study, we investigated the effects of SYP-3343 on vascular growth and its potential mechanism of action. SYP-3343 inhibited zebrafish endothelial cell (zEC) migration, altered nuclear morphology, and triggered abnormal vasculogenesis and zEC sprouting angiogenesis, resulting in angiodysplasia. RNA sequencing showed that SYP-3343 exposure altered the transcriptional levels of vascular development-related biological processes in zebrafish embryos including angiogenesis, sprouting angiogenesis, blood vessel morphogenesis, blood vessel development, and vasculature development. Whereas, the addition of NAC exerted an improvement effect on zebrafish vascular defects owing to SYP-3343 exposure. Additionally, SYP-3343 altered cell cytoskeleton and morphology, obstructed migration and viability, disrupted cell cycle progression, and depolarized mitochondrial membrane potential, as well as promoted apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HUVEC. SYP-3343 also caused an imbalance of the oxidation and antioxidant systems and irritated the alterations in the cell cycle- and apoptosis-related genes in HUVECs. Collectively, SYP-3343 has high cytotoxicity, possibly by up-regulating p53 and caspase3 expressions and bax/bcl-2 ratio via ROS, leading to malformed vascular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoliang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Huiyun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Mingxing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Guixue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Tingzhang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
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6
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Zheng TJ, Parra-Izquierdo I, Reitsma SE, Heinrich MC, Larson MK, Shatzel JJ, Aslan JE, McCarty OJT. Platelets and tyrosine kinase inhibitors: clinical features, mechanisms of action, and effects on physiology. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C1231-C1250. [PMID: 35938677 PMCID: PMC9576167 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00040.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have emerged as a promising class of target-directed, small molecule inhibitors used to treat hematologic malignancies, inflammatory diseases, and autoimmune disorders. Recently, TKIs have also gained interest as potential antiplatelet-directed therapeutics that could be leveraged to reduce pathologic thrombus formation and atherothrombotic complications, while minimally affecting platelet hemostatic function. This review provides a mechanistic overview and summarizes the known effects of tyrosine kinase inhibitors on platelet signaling and function, detailing prominent platelet signaling pathways downstream of the glycoprotein VI (GPVI) receptor, integrin αIIbβ3, and G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). This review focuses on mechanistic as well as clinically relevant and emerging TKIs targeting major families of tyrosine kinases including but not limited to Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK), spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk), Src family kinases (SFKs), Janus kinases (JAK), and signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) and evaluates their effects on platelet aggregation and adhesion, granule secretion, receptor expression and activation, and protein phosphorylation events. In summation, this review highlights current advances and knowledge on the effects of select TKIs on platelet biology and furthers insight on signaling pathways that may represent novel druggable targets coupled to specific platelet functional responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony J Zheng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Iván Parra-Izquierdo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Stéphanie E Reitsma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Michael C Heinrich
- Portland Veterans Affairs Health Care System and Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Mark K Larson
- Department of Biology, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
| | - Joseph J Shatzel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Joseph E Aslan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Chemical Physiology & Biochemistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Owen J T McCarty
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
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7
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Bai B, Hao J, Hou M, Wang T, Wu X, Liu Y, Wang Y, Dai C, Hua Y, Ji G, Zhou G. Repair of Large-Scale Rib Defects Based on Steel-Reinforced Concrete-Designed Biomimetic 3D-Printed Scaffolds with Bone-Mineralized Microenvironments. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:42388-42401. [PMID: 36094886 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c08422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineering technology provides a promising approach for large-scale bone reconstruction in cases of extensive chest wall defects. However, previous studies did not consider meticulous scaffold design specific to large-scale rib regeneration in terms of three-dimensional (3D) shape, proper porous structures, enough mechanical strength, and osteogenic microenvironments. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop an appropriate bone biomimetic scaffold (BBS) to address this problem. In this study, a BBS with controllable 3D morphology, appropriate mechanical properties, good biocompatibility and biodegradability, porous structure suitable for cell loading, and a biomimetic osteogenic inorganic salt (OIS) microenvironment was successfully prepared by integrating computer-aided design, 3D-printing, cast-molding, and freeze-drying technologies. The addition of the OIS in the scaffold substantially promoted ectopic bone regeneration in vivo, which might be attributed to the activation of osteogenic and angiogenic signaling pathways as well as upregulated expression of osteogenic genes. More importantly, dual long rib defects could be successfully repaired and medullary cavity recanalized by the rib-shaped mature cortical bone, which might be mediated by the activation of osteoclast signaling pathways. Thus, this paper presents a reliable BBS and proposes a new strategy for the repair of large-scale bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoshuai Bai
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China
- Research Institute of Plastic Surgery, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261000, China
- National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Junxiang Hao
- Research Institute of Plastic Surgery, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261000, China
- National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Mengjie Hou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China
- National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Research Institute of Plastic Surgery, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261000, China
- National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Xiaodi Wu
- Research Institute of Plastic Surgery, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261000, China
- National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Yanhan Liu
- Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yiyang Wang
- National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai 200001, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Chengxiang Dai
- Cellular Biomedicine Group, Incorporated, No. 85 Faladi Road, Building 3, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yujie Hua
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China
- National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai 200001, China
- Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Guangyu Ji
- National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai 200001, China
- Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200240, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Guangdong Zhou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China
- Research Institute of Plastic Surgery, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261000, China
- National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai 200001, China
- Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200240, China
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8
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Elsaid DS, Elbedewy TAH, Soliman NA, Shalaby KA, Abdel-Hamid Haroun R. Interleukin-37, vascular endothelial growth factor A, and transforming growth factor-β1: promising biomarkers in primary immune thrombocytopenia. Expert Rev Hematol 2022; 15:757-768. [PMID: 35815383 DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2022.2099832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an acquired autoimmune hematologic disorder with heterogeneous bleeding manifestations. Many biomarkers such as interleukin-37 (IL-37), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFß1) have a role in immunity, inflammation, and megakaryopoiesis. METHODS In the present study, immunoassay of interleukin-37 as well as the gene expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A and transforming growth factor-β1 were done in 60 primary ITP patients, 60 thrombocytopenia patients, and 60 healthy volunteers. RESULTS Increased IL-37 level and down regulation of VEGFA and TGFß1gene expression were detected in primary ITP patients when compared with other groups. A negative correlation was observed between IL-37 and platelet count. However, a positive correlation was observed between VEGFA and TGFß1 levels and platelet count. CONCLUSION Current results suggested that interleukin-37, vascular endothelial growth factor A, and transforming growth factor-β may be promising indicators in the diagnosis of ITP and detection of disease severity with inexpensive and cost-effectiveness compared to the benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Samir Elsaid
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Nema Ali Soliman
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Kamal Ali Shalaby
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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9
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Recent progress on vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitors with dual targeting capabilities for tumor therapy. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:89. [PMID: 35799213 PMCID: PMC9263050 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01310-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) are a family of receptor protein tyrosine kinases that play an important role in the regulation of tumor-induced angiogenesis. Currently, VEGFR inhibitors have been widely used in the treatment of various tumors. However, current VEGFR inhibitors are limited to a certain extent due to limited clinical efficacy and potential toxicity, which hinder their clinical application. Thus, the development of new strategies to improve the clinical outcomes and minimize the toxic effects of VEGFR inhibitors is required. Given the synergistic effect of VEGFR and other therapies in tumor development and progression, VEGFR dual-target inhibitors are becoming an attractive approach due to their favorable pharmacodynamics, low toxicity, and anti-resistant effects. This perspective provides an overview of the development of VEGFR dual-target inhibitors from multiple aspects, including rational target combinations, drug discovery strategies, structure–activity relationships and future directions.
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10
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Lee SH, Park NR, Kim JE. Bioinformatics of Differentially Expressed Genes in Phorbol 12-Myristate 13-Acetate-Induced Megakaryocytic Differentiation of K562 Cells by Microarray Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084221. [PMID: 35457039 PMCID: PMC9031040 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Megakaryocytes are large hematopoietic cells present in the bone marrow cavity, comprising less than 0.1% of all bone marrow cells. Despite their small number, megakaryocytes play important roles in blood coagulation, inflammatory responses, and platelet production. However, little is known about changes in gene expression during megakaryocyte maturation. Here we identified the genes whose expression was changed during K562 leukemia cell differentiation into megakaryocytes using an Affymetrix GeneChip microarray to determine the multifunctionality of megakaryocytes. K562 cells were differentiated into mature megakaryocytes by treatment for 7 days with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, and a microarray was performed using RNA obtained from both types of cells. The expression of 44,629 genes was compared between K562 cells and mature megakaryocytes, and 954 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were selected based on a p-value < 0.05 and a fold change >2. The DEGs was further functionally classified using five major megakaryocyte function-associated clusters—inflammatory response, angiogenesis, cell migration, extracellular matrix, and secretion. Furthermore, interaction analysis based on the STRING database was used to generate interactions between the proteins translated from the DEGs. This study provides information on the bioinformatics of the DEGs in mature megakaryocytes after K562 cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hoon Lee
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea; (S.-H.L.); (N.R.P.)
- BK21 Four KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
| | - Na Rae Park
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea; (S.-H.L.); (N.R.P.)
- Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
| | - Jung-Eun Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea; (S.-H.L.); (N.R.P.)
- BK21 Four KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-420-4949
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11
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Lawrence M, Shahsavari A, Bornelöv S, Moreau T, McDonald R, Vallance TM, Kania K, Paramor M, Baye J, Perrin M, Steindel M, Jimenez-Gomez P, Penfold C, Mohorianu I, Ghevaert C. Mapping the biogenesis of forward programmed megakaryocytes from induced pluripotent stem cells. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabj8618. [PMID: 35171685 PMCID: PMC8849335 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj8618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Platelet deficiency, known as thrombocytopenia, can cause hemorrhage and is treated with platelet transfusions. We developed a system for the production of platelet precursor cells, megakaryocytes, from pluripotent stem cells. These cultures can be maintained for >100 days, implying culture renewal by megakaryocyte progenitors (MKPs). However, it is unclear whether the MKP state in vitro mirrors the state in vivo, and MKPs cannot be purified using conventional surface markers. We performed single-cell RNA sequencing throughout in vitro differentiation and mapped each state to its equivalent in vivo. This enabled the identification of five surface markers that reproducibly purify MKPs, allowing us insight into their transcriptional and epigenetic profiles. Last, we performed culture optimization, increasing MKP production. Together, this study has mapped parallels between the MKP states in vivo and in vitro and allowed the purification of MKPs, accelerating the progress of in vitro-derived transfusion products toward the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moyra Lawrence
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
- Department of Haematology and NHS Blood and Transplant, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Arash Shahsavari
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Susanne Bornelöv
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Thomas Moreau
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
- Department of Haematology and NHS Blood and Transplant, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Bit Bio, Discovery Drive, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0AX, UK
| | - Rebecca McDonald
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Thomas M. Vallance
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Katarzyna Kania
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Maike Paramor
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - James Baye
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Marion Perrin
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Maike Steindel
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Paula Jimenez-Gomez
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Christopher Penfold
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Irina Mohorianu
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Cedric Ghevaert
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
- Department of Haematology and NHS Blood and Transplant, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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12
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Discovery of a novel megakaryopoiesis enhancer, ingenol, promoting thrombopoiesis through PI3K-Akt signaling independent of thrombopoietin. Pharmacol Res 2022; 177:106096. [PMID: 35077844 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Thrombocytopenia, a most common complication of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer patients. However, there are still no approved agents for the treatment of radiation- and chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia (RIT and CIT, respectively). In this study, a drug screening model for predicting compounds with activity in promoting megakaryocyte (MK) differentiation and platelet production was established based on machine learning (ML), and a natural product ingenol was predicted as a potential active compound. Then, in vitro experiments showed that ingenol significantly promoted MK differentiation in K562 and HEL cells. Furthermore, a RIT mice model and c-MPL knock-out (c-MPL-/-) mice constructed by CRISPR/Cas9 technology were used to assess the therapeutic action of ingenol on thrombocytopenia. The results showed that ingenol accelerated megakaryopoiesis and thrombopoiesis both in RIT mice and c-MPL-/- mice. Next, RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) was carried out to analyze the gene expression profile induced by ingenol during MK differentiation. Finally, through experimental verifications, we demonstrated that the activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway was involved in ingenol-induced MK differentiation. Blocking PI3K/Akt signaling pathway abolished the promotion of ingenol on MK differentiation. Nevertheless, inhibition of TPO/c-MPL signaling pathway could not suppress ingenol-induced MK differentiation. In conclusion, our study builds a drug screening model to discover active compounds against thrombocytopenia, reveals the critical roles of ingenol in promoting MK differentiation and platelet production, and provides a promising avenue for the treatment of RIT.
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13
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Chen Y, Sun J, Hu D, Zhang J, Xu Y, Feng H, Chen Z, Luo Y, Lou Y, Wu H. Predictive Value of Pretreatment Lymphocyte-to-Monocyte Ratio and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in the Survival of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:8767-8779. [PMID: 34866938 PMCID: PMC8633848 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s338394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The present study aimed to investigate the predictive value of some indexes, such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI), and systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII) in the survival of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and provide reference for the treatment. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 216 patients from 2016 to 2018. The cutoff values of these indexes were determined by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The prognostic value of the indexes was evaluated according to the rate of overall survival (OS), regional recurrence-free survival (RRFS), locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRRFS), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS). Results The survival analysis showed that NLR ≤2.695 (P = 0.017) and PLR ≤140.065 (P = 0.041) were associated with poor OS; however, the LMR and SIRI showed no significant statistical significance. NLR ≤2.045 (P = 0.018) and PLR ≤125.605 (P = 0.003) were associated with poor RRFS, LMR ≤2.535 (P = 0.027) and PLR ≤140.065 (P = 0.009) were associated with poor DMFS, NLR ≤2.125 (P = 0.018) and PLR ≤132.645 (P = 0.026) were associated with poor LRRFS, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that low LMR (≤2.535) was significantly inferior in OS (HR 23.085, 95% CI 3.425–155.622, P = 0.001) and DMFS (HR 22.839, 95% CI 4.096–127.343, P < 0.001). Moreover, low PLR (≤140.065) remained significantly related to worse OS (HR 11.908, 95% CI 1.295–109.517, P = 0.029) and DMFS (HR 9.556, 95% CI 1.448–63.088, P = 0.019). Conclusion The index LMR and PLR can be used for predicting survival in NPC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibiao Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianda Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuyun Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiting Feng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijie Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunlong Lou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Heming Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, People's Republic of China.,Center for Precision Medicine, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, People's Republic of China
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14
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Wang L, Sun L, Gu Z, Li W, Guo L, Ma S, Guo L, Zhang W, Han B, Chang J. N-carboxymethyl chitosan/sodium alginate composite hydrogel loading plasmid DNA as a promising gene activated matrix for in-situ burn wound treatment. Bioact Mater 2021; 15:330-342. [PMID: 35356819 PMCID: PMC8935090 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Improving the degree of vascularization through the regulation of wound microenvironment is crucial for wound repair. Gene activated matrix (GAM) technology provides a new approach for skin regeneration. It is a local gene delivery system that can not only maintain a moist environment, but also increase the concentration of local active factors. For this purpose, we fabricated the mVEGF165/TGF-β1 gene-loaded N-carboxymethyl chitosan/sodium alginate hydrogel and studied its effect on promoting deep second degree burn wound repair. The average diameter of the hydrogel pores was 100 μm and the porosity was calculated as 50.9%. SEM and CLSM images showed that the hydrogel was suitable for cell adhesion and growth. The NS-GAM could maintain continuous expression for at least 9 days in vitro, showing long-term gene release and expression effect. Deep second-degree burn wound model was made on the backs of Wistar rats to evaluate the healing effect. The wounds were healed by day 22 in NS-GAM group with the prolonged high expression of VEGF and TGF-β1 protein. A high degree of neovascularization and high expression level of CD34 were observed in NS-GAM group in 21 days. The histological results showed that NS-GAM had good tissue safety and could effectively promote epithelialization and collagen regeneration. These results indicated that the NS-GAM could be applied as a promising local gene delivery system for the repair of deep second-degree burn wounds. The plasmids loaded in NS-GAM can achieve efficient gene delivery and expression in vitro and in vivo. The NS-GAM showed long-term controlled release function of the plasmids. The NS-GAM played a significant effect on neovascularization by means of gene delivery. The NS-GAM could achieve efficient in situ repair on deep second degree burn wounds.
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15
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Endo M, Honda K, Saito T, Shiraiwa K, Sueshige Y, Tokumaru T, Iwao M, Tokoro M, Arakawa M, Tanaka R, Tatsuta R, Seike M, Itoh H, Murakami K. Maximum Plasma Concentration of Lenvatinib Is Useful for Predicting Thrombocytopenia in Patients Treated for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. World J Oncol 2021; 12:165-172. [PMID: 34804279 PMCID: PMC8577601 DOI: 10.14740/wjon1399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although lenvatinib treatment has a favorable efficacy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), it is associated with adverse events (AEs) that must be closely monitored and managed. Thrombocytopenia is one of the major AEs. The aim of this study was to clarify whether thrombocytopenia can be predicted by the plasma concentration of lenvatinib. Methods This was a single-center retrospective observational study. Twenty-three patients with unresectable HCC and pharmacokinetics data at the initial lenvatinib administration between May 2018 and September 2020 at Oita University Hospital were enrolled. The AEs during the 4 weeks after the initiation of treatment were evaluated, and the correlations between the thrombocytopenia and the plasma concentration of lenvatinib were examined. Spearman's correlation was used to evaluate the correlation between two continuous variables. Results The rate of platelet count decrease correlated with the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) (r = 0.65, P = 0.001), whereas it did not with the minimum plasma concentration (Cmin) (r = 0.29, P = 0.206). After stepwise multiple linear regression analysis, the starting dose of lenvatinib and the serum albumin concentration were identified as independent explanatory variables. Next, a formula for predicting the Cmax using these two variables was created. The predicted Cmax was strongly correlated with the Cmax (r = 0.87, P < 0.0001) and the rate of platelet count decrease (r = 0.67, P = 0.001). Conclusions This study identified the usefulness of the drug Cmax to predict the rate of platelet count decrease within 4 weeks after the initiation of treatment. Although it is difficult to measure the plasma concentration of lenvatinib in community hospitals, the predicted Cmax is useful for predicting the rate of platelet count decrease with this treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuki Endo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu-City, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Koichi Honda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu-City, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Tomoko Saito
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu-City, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Ken Shiraiwa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Oita University Hospital, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu-City, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Yoshio Sueshige
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Oita University Hospital, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu-City, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Tomoko Tokumaru
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu-City, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Masao Iwao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu-City, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Masanori Tokoro
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu-City, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Mie Arakawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu-City, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Ryota Tanaka
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Oita University Hospital, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu-City, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Tatsuta
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Oita University Hospital, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu-City, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Masataka Seike
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu-City, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Hiroki Itoh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Oita University Hospital, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu-City, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Kazunari Murakami
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu-City, Oita 879-5593, Japan
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16
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Enokida T, Tahara M. Management of VEGFR-Targeted TKI for Thyroid Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5536. [PMID: 34771698 PMCID: PMC8583039 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in the development of multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitors (MTKIs), which mainly target the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), have improved prognoses and dramatically changed the treatment strategy for advanced thyroid cancer. However, adverse events related to this inhibition can interrupt treatment and sometimes lead to discontinuation. In addition, they can be annoying and potentially jeopardize the subjects' quality of life, even allowing that the clinical outcome of patients with advanced thyroid cancer remains limited. In this review, we summarize the potential mechanisms underlying these adverse events (hypertension, proteinuria and renal impairment, hemorrhage, fistula formation/gastrointestinal perforation, wound healing, cardiovascular toxicities, hematological toxicity, diarrhea, fatigue, and acute cholecystitis), their characteristics, and actual management. Furthermore, we also discuss the importance of related factors, including alternative treatments that target other pathways, the necessity of subject selection for safer administration, and patient education.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Makoto Tahara
- Department of Head and Neck Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa 277-8577, Japan;
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17
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Bolandi SM, Pakjoo M, Beigi P, Kiani M, Allahgholipour A, Goudarzi N, Khorashad JS, Eiring AM. A Role for the Bone Marrow Microenvironment in Drug Resistance of Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cells 2021; 10:2833. [PMID: 34831055 PMCID: PMC8616250 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous disease with a poor prognosis and remarkable resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. Understanding resistance mechanisms against currently available drugs helps to recognize the therapeutic obstacles. Various mechanisms of resistance to chemotherapy or targeted inhibitors have been described for AML cells, including a role for the bone marrow niche in both the initiation and persistence of the disease, and in drug resistance of the leukemic stem cell (LSC) population. The BM niche supports LSC survival through direct and indirect interactions among the stromal cells, hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, and leukemic cells. Additionally, the BM niche mediates changes in metabolic and signal pathway activation due to the acquisition of new mutations or selection and expansion of a minor clone. This review briefly discusses the role of the BM microenvironment and metabolic pathways in resistance to therapy, as discovered through AML clinical studies or cell line and animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammadreza Bolandi
- Department of Immunology, Razi Vaccine and Sera Research Institute, Karaj, Iran; (S.M.B.); (N.G.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran; (M.K.); (A.A.)
| | - Mahdi Pakjoo
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; (M.P.); (P.B.)
| | - Peyman Beigi
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; (M.P.); (P.B.)
| | - Mohammad Kiani
- Department of Pharmacology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran; (M.K.); (A.A.)
| | - Ali Allahgholipour
- Department of Pharmacology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran; (M.K.); (A.A.)
| | - Negar Goudarzi
- Department of Immunology, Razi Vaccine and Sera Research Institute, Karaj, Iran; (S.M.B.); (N.G.)
| | - Jamshid S. Khorashad
- Centre for Haematology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London W12 0HS, UK;
| | - Anna M. Eiring
- Center of Emphasis in Cancer, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
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18
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Yamamura A, Nayeem MJ, Muramatsu H, Nakamura K, Sato M. MAZ51 Blocks the Tumor Growth of Prostate Cancer by Inhibiting Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 3. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:667474. [PMID: 33959030 PMCID: PMC8093795 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.667474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling plays a critical role in the carcinogenesis and tumor development of several cancer types. However, its pathological significance in prostate cancer, one of the most frequent and lethal malignancies in men, remains unclear. In the present study, we focused on a pathological role of the VEGF receptors (VEGFRs), and examined their expression and effects of MAZ51 (an inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase of VEGFR-3) on cell proliferation, migration, and tumor growth in human prostate cancer cells. The expression level of VEGFR-3 was higher in androgen-independent and highly metastatic prostate cancer PC-3 cells than in other prostate PrEC, LNCaP, and DU145 cells. In PC-3 cells, VEGFR-3 and Akt were phosphorylated following a stimulation with 50 ng/ml VEGF-C, and these phosphorylations were blocked by 3 μM MAZ51. Interestingly, PC-3 cells themselves secreted VEGF-C, which was markedly larger amount compared with PrEC, LNCaP, and DU145 cells. MAZ51 reduced the expression of VEGFR-3 but not VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2. The proliferation of PC-3 cells was inhibited by MAZ51 (IC50 = 2.7 μM) and VEGFR-3 siRNA, and partly decreased by 100 nM GSK690693 (an Akt inhibitor) and 300 nM VEGFR2 Kinase Inhibitor I. MAZ51 and VEGFR-3 siRNA also attenuated the VEGF-C-induced migration of PC-3 cells. Moreover, MAZ51 blocked the tumor growth of PC-3 cells in a xenograft mouse model. These results suggest that VEGFR-3 signaling contributes to the cell proliferation, migration, and tumor growth of androgen-independent/highly metastatic prostate cancer. Therefore, the inhibition of VEGFR-3 has potential as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Yamamura
- Department of Physiology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | | | | | - Kogenta Nakamura
- Department of Urology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Motohiko Sato
- Department of Physiology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
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Long W, Liu S, Li XX, Shen X, Zeng J, Luo JS, Li KR, Wu AG, Yu L, Qin DL, Hu GQ, Yang J, Wu JM. Whole transcriptome sequencing and integrated network analysis elucidates the effects of 3,8-Di-O-methylellagic acid 2-O-glucoside derived from Sanguisorba offcinalis L., a novel differentiation inducer on erythroleukemia cells. Pharmacol Res 2021; 166:105491. [PMID: 33582247 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Acute erythroid leukemia (AEL) is a rare and aggressive hematologic malignancy with no specific treatment. Sanguisorba officinalis L. (S. officinalis), a well-known traditional Chinese medicine, possesses potent anticancer activity. However, the active components of S. officinalis against AEL and the associated molecular mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we predicted the anti-AML effect of S. officinalis based on network pharmacology. Through the identification of active components of S. officinalis, we found that 3,8-Di-O-methylellagic acid 2-O-glucoside (DMAG) not only significantly inhibited the proliferation of erythroleukemic cell line HEL, but also induced their differentiation to megakaryocytes. Furthermore, we demonstrated that DMAG could prolong the survival of AEL mice model. Whole-transcriptome sequencing was performed to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms associated with anti-AEL effect of DMAG. The results showed that the total of 68 miRNAs, 595 lncRNAs, 4030 mRNAs and 35 circRNAs were significantly differentially expressed during DMAG induced proliferation inhibition and differentiation of HEL cells. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses revealed that the differentially expressed miRNAs, lncRNAs, mRNAs and circRNAs were mainly involved in metabolic, HIF-1, MAPK, Notch pathway and apoptosis. The co-expression networks showed that miR-23a-5p, miR-92a-1-5p, miR-146b and miR-760 regulatory networks were crucial for megakaryocyte differentiation induced by DMAG. In conclusion, our results suggest that DMAG, derived from S. officinalis might be a potent differentiation inducer of AEL cells and provide important information on the underlying mechanisms associated with its anti-AEL activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Long
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Sha Liu
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Xiao-Xuan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Department of Pharmacy, The Second People's Hospital of Yibin, Yibin 644000, China
| | - Xin Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Jie-Si Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Ke-Ru Li
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - An-Guo Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Lu Yu
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Da-Lian Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Guang-Qiang Hu
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
| | - Jing Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
| | - Jian-Ming Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
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20
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Chen J, Li X, Yang L, Li M, Zhang Y, Zhang J. CircASH2L Promotes Ovarian Cancer Tumorigenesis, Angiogenesis, and Lymphangiogenesis by Regulating the miR-665/VEGFA Axis as a Competing Endogenous RNA. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:595585. [PMID: 33330483 PMCID: PMC7711110 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.595585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of gynecologic cancer-related deaths. Emerging research has revealed a close relationship between circular RNAs (circRNAs) and ovarian cancer development, metastasis, and prognosis. The objective of our research was to further explore the relationship between circASH2L and ovarian cancer. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the differential expression of circRNAs between normal ovaries and ovarian cancer tissues. The impact of circASH2L on the proliferation, invasion, and tumorigenicity of ovarian cancer cells was evaluated using gain- and loss-of-function experiments. The molecular mechanisms of circASH2L function were investigated using bioinformatics analysis, RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization, western blots, and dual-luciferase reporter assays. The results showed that circASH2L was remarkably upregulated in ovarian cancer. The invasion and growth of ovarian cancer cells were suppressed by circASH2L knockdown in vitro, and downregulation of circASH2L restrained both angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis of tumor xenografts in vivo. Furthermore, circASH2L was mostly distributed in the cytoplasm, where it competes with vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) for binding to miR-665. These findings indicate that circASH2L has an oncogenic function in ovarian cancer. In conclusion, circASH2L plays a critical role in regulating ovarian cancer cell tumorigenesis, angiogenesis, and lymphangiogenesis through the miR-665/VEGFA axis and, therefore, is a possible candidate target for ovarian cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaocen Li
- Department of Graduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Medical Oncology Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Mengmeng Li
- Department of Gynecology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Jingru Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China
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Yang J, Zhao S, Ma D. Biological Characteristics and Regulation of Early Megakaryocytopoiesis. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2020; 15:652-663. [PMID: 31230184 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-019-09905-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
For decades, megakaryocytopoiesis is believed to occur following a classical binary hierarchical developmental model. This model is based on an analysis of predefined flow-sorted cell populations by using cell surface markers. However, this classical model has been challenged by increasing evidences obtained with new techniques which integrating flow cytometric, transcriptomic and functional data at single-cell level and with lineage tracing technique. These recent advances in megakaryocytopoiesis proposed that commitment of haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) towards megakaryocytic lineage occurs in much earlier stage than that postulated in the classical model. There may exist multipotent but megakaryocyte (MK)/platelet-biased HSCs within HSC compartment and even HSCs can directly differentiate into MKs in steady state or in response to stress. In this review, we focus on recent findings about differentiation from commitment of HSCs to MK and its regulation, and discuss future directions in this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingang Yang
- Department of Experimental Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theatre Command, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Song Zhao
- Department of Experimental Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theatre Command, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongchu Ma
- Department of Experimental Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theatre Command, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
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High-throughput Sequencing of Subcutaneous Panniculitis-like T-Cell Lymphoma Reveals Candidate Pathogenic Mutations. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2020; 27:740-748. [PMID: 31702703 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma (SPTCL) is a malignant primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma that is challenging to distinguish from other neoplastic and reactive panniculitides. In an attempt to identify somatic variants in SPTCL that may be diagnostically or therapeutically relevant, we performed both exome sequencing on paired tumor-normal samples and targeted sequencing of hematolymphoid-malignancy-associated genes on tumor biopsies. Exome sequencing was performed on skin biopsies from 4 cases of skin-limited SPTCL, 1 case of peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified with secondary involvement of the panniculus, and 2 cases of lupus panniculitis. This approach detected between 1 and 13 high-confidence somatic variants that were predicted to result in a protein alteration per case. Variants of interest identified include 1 missense mutation in ARID1B in 1 case of SPTCL. To detect variants that were present at a lower level, we used a more sensitive targeted panel to sequence 41 hematolymphoid-malignancy-associated genes. The targeted panel was applied to 2 of the biopsies that were evaluated by whole exome sequencing as well as 5 additional biopsies. Potentially pathogenic variants were identified in KMT2D and PLCG1 among others, but no gene was altered in >2 of the 7 cases sequenced. One variant that was notably absent from the cases sequences is RHOA G17V. Further work will be required to further elucidate the genetic abnormalities that lead to this rare lymphoma.
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Protects CD200-Rich and CD34-Positive Hair Follicle Stem Cells Against Androgen-Induced Apoptosis Through the Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase/Akt Pathway in Patients With Androgenic Alopecia. Dermatol Surg 2020; 46:358-368. [PMID: 31478937 DOI: 10.1097/dss.0000000000002091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 5α-DHT can decrease the cell viability of the hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) with CD34-positive and CD200-rich in bald scalp area of androgenic alopecia (AGA) patients and the apoptosis of HFSCs may be involved in the pathogenesis of AGA. The expression of Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) turns to be weakened or disappeared in hair follicles of AGA patients. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether VEGF is involved in the apoptosis of HFSCs induced by 5α-DHT in the patients of AGA. METHODS By 5α-DHT, apoptosis of CD200-rich and CD34-positive HFSCs was induced and apoptotic rates up to 24 hours were assessed using flow cytometry. The expression grades of Bcl-2, Akt, caspase-3 and Bax were observed through Western blot analysis. RESULTS Vascular endothelial growth factor could cut 5α-DHT induced apoptosis down substantially in a concentration-dependent manner. The 5α-DHT induced decline in the rise of Bcl-2/Bax proportion and the increase in caspase-3 degrees were mostly reversed by using VEGF and the VEGF's anti-apoptotic actions were impeded through preventing the activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt. CONCLUSION Vascular endothelial growth factor can protect CD200-rich and CD34-positive HFSCs from androgen induced apoptosis by means of the PI3K/Akt pathway.
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Catani MV, Savini I, Tullio V, Gasperi V. The "Janus Face" of Platelets in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030788. [PMID: 31991775 PMCID: PMC7037171 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Besides their vital role in hemostasis and thrombosis, platelets are also recognized to be involved in cancer, where they play an unexpected central role: They actively influence cancer cell behavior, but, on the other hand, platelet physiology and phenotype are impacted by tumor cells. The existence of this platelet-cancer loop is supported by a large number of experimental and human studies reporting an association between alterations in platelet number and functions and cancer, often in a way dependent on patient, cancer type and treatment. Herein, we shall report on an update on platelet-cancer relationships, with a particular emphasis on how platelets might exert either a protective or a deleterious action in all steps of cancer progression. To this end, we will describe the impact of (i) platelet count, (ii) bioactive molecules secreted upon platelet activation, and (iii) microvesicle-derived miRNAs on cancer behavior. Potential explanations of conflicting results are also reported: Both intrinsic (heterogeneity in platelet-derived bioactive molecules with either inhibitory or stimulatory properties; features of cancer cell types, such as aggressiveness and/or tumour stage) and extrinsic (heterogeneous characteristics of cancer patients, study design and sample preparation) factors, together with other confounding elements, contribute to “the Janus face” of platelets in cancer. Given the difficulty to establish the univocal role of platelets in a tumor, a better understanding of their exact contribution is warranted, in order to identify an efficient therapeutic strategy for cancer management, as well as for better prevention, screening and risk assessment protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Valeria Catani
- Correspondence: (M.V.C.); (V.G.); Tel.: +39-06-72596465 (M.V.C.); +39-06-72596465 (V.G.)
| | | | | | - Valeria Gasperi
- Correspondence: (M.V.C.); (V.G.); Tel.: +39-06-72596465 (M.V.C.); +39-06-72596465 (V.G.)
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Teleanu RI, Chircov C, Grumezescu AM, Teleanu DM. Tumor Angiogenesis and Anti-Angiogenic Strategies for Cancer Treatment. J Clin Med 2019; 9:E84. [PMID: 31905724 PMCID: PMC7020037 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9010084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 260] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is the process through which novel blood vessels are formed from pre-existing ones and it is involved in both physiological and pathological processes of the body. Furthermore, tumor angiogenesis is a crucial factor associated with tumor growth, progression, and metastasis. In this manner, there has been a great interest in the development of anti-angiogenesis strategies that could inhibit tumor vascularization. Conventional approaches comprise the administration of anti-angiogenic drugs that target and block the activity of proangiogenic factors. However, as their efficacy is still a matter of debate, novel strategies have been focusing on combining anti-angiogenic agents with chemotherapy or immunotherapy. Moreover, nanotechnology has also been investigated for the potential of nanomaterials to target and release anti-angiogenic drugs at specific sites. The aim of this paper is to review the mechanisms involved in angiogenesis and tumor vascularization and provide an overview of the recent trends in anti-angiogenic strategies for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluca Ioana Teleanu
- “Victor Gomoiu” Clinical Children’s Hospital, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Cristina Chircov
- Faculty of Engineering in Foreign Languages, 060042 Bucharest, Romania;
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Daniel Mihai Teleanu
- Emergency University Hospital, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
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Reduced neonatal brain-derived neurotrophic factor is associated with autism spectrum disorders. Transl Psychiatry 2019; 9:252. [PMID: 31591381 PMCID: PMC6779749 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-019-0587-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mental disorders have for the majority of cases an unknown etiology, but several studies indicate that neurodevelopmental changes happen in utero or early after birth. We performed a nested case-control study of the relation between blood levels of neuro-developmental (S100B, BDNF, and VEGF-A) and inflammatory (MCP-1, TARC, IL-8, IL-18, CRP, and IgA) biomarkers in newborns, and later development of autism spectrum disorders (ASD, N = 751), attention deficit hyperactivity disorders (ADHD, N = 801), schizophrenia (N = 1969), affective (N = 641) or bipolar disorders (N = 641). Samples and controls were obtained as part of the iPSYCH Danish Case-Cohort Study using dried blood spot samples collected between 1981 and 2004, and stored frozen at the Danish National Biobank. In newborns lower blood level of BDNF was significantly associated with increased odds (OR 1.15) of developing ASD (p = 0.001). This difference could not be explained by genetic variation in the BDNF coding gene region. A tendency of decreased levels of all the neurotrophic markers and increased levels of all inflammatory markers was noted. The low newborn blood levels of BDNF in children developing ASD is an important finding, suggesting that lower BDNF levels in newborns contributes to the etiology of ASD and indicates new directions for further research. It may also help identifying a long-sought marker for high-ASD risk in, e.g., younger siblings of ASD children.
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Ingavle G, Shabrani N, Vaidya A, Kale V. Mimicking megakaryopoiesis in vitro using biomaterials: Recent advances and future opportunities. Acta Biomater 2019; 96:99-110. [PMID: 31319203 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Presently donor-derived platelets used in the clinic are associated with concerns about adequate availability, expense, risk of bacterial contamination and complications due to immunological reaction. To prevail over our dependence on transfusion of donor-derived platelets, efforts are being made to generate them in vitro. Development of biomaterials that support or mimic bone marrow niche micro-environmental cues could improve the in vitro production of platelets from megakaryocytes (MKs) derived from various stem cell sources. In spite of significant advances in the production of MKs from various stem cell sources using 2D as well as 3D culture approaches in vitro and the development of biomaterials-based platelet systems, yield and quality of these platelets remains unsuitable for clinical use. Thus, in vitro production of clinically useful platelets on a large scale remains an unmet target to date. This review summarizes the most frequently used 2D and 3D approaches to generate MKs and platelets in vitro, emphasizing the importance of mimicking in vivo micro-environment. Further, this review proposes the use of interpenetrating network (IPN) biomaterial-based approach as a promising strategy for improving the generation of MK and platelets in sufficient numbers in vitro. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Thrombocytopenia is one of the major global health and socio-economic problems. Transfusion with donor-derived platelets (PLTs) is the only effective treatment for this condition. However, this approach is limited by factors like short shelf-life of PLTs, PLT activation, alloimmunization, risk of bacterial contamination, infection etc. In vitro generated MKs and PLTs derived from non-donor-dependent sources may help to overcome the platelet transfusion concerns. Here we have reviewed various 2D and 3D strategies used for in vitro generation of MKs and PLTs, with special emphasis on various biomaterial platforms and different physico/chemical cues being used for the purpose. We have also proposed a biomaterial-based approach of using interpenetrating network (IPN) for generating clinically relevant numbers of MKs and PLTs.
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Liang HW, Luo B, Du LH, He RQ, Chen G, Peng ZG, Ma J. Expression significance and potential mechanism of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes. Cancer Med 2019; 8:6021-6035. [PMID: 31411003 PMCID: PMC6792495 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the expression level and potential mechanism of hypoxia‐inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF‐1α) in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Methods Immunohistochemistry (IHC) techniques were used to examine the protein expression of HIF‐1α in paraffin‐embedded myeloid tissues from 82 patients with MDS and 33 controls (patients with lymphoma that is not invading myeloid tissues). In addition, the associations between the protein expression of HIF‐1α and clinical parameters were examined. To further investigate the significance of HIF‐1α expression in MDS patients, the researchers not only extracted the data about HIF‐1α expression from MDS‐related microarrays but also analyzed the correlation between the level of HIF‐1α expression and MDS. The microRNA (miRNA) targeting HIF‐1α was predicted and verified with a dual luciferase experiment. Results Immunohistochemistry revealed that the positive expression rate of HIF‐1α in the bone marrow of patients with MDS was 90.24%. This rate was remarkably higher than that of the controls (72.73%) and was statistically significant (P < .05), which indicated that HIF‐1α was upregulated in the myeloid tissues of MDS patients. For the GSE2779, GSE18366, GSE41130, and GSE61853 microarrays, the average expression of HIF‐1α in MDS patients was higher than in the controls. Particularly for the GSE18366 microarray, HIF‐1α expression was considerably higher in MDS patients than in the controls (P < .05). It was predicted that miR‐93‐5p had a site for binding with HIF‐1α, and a dual luciferase experiment confirmed that miR‐93‐5p could bind with HIF‐1α. Conclusion The upregulated expression of HIF‐1α was examined in the myeloid tissues of MDS patients. The presence of HIF‐1α (+) suggested an unsatisfactory prognosis for patients, which could assist in the diagnosis of MDS. In addition, miR‐93‐5p could bind to HIF‐1α by targeting, showing its potential to be the target of HIF‐1α in MDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Wei Liang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Luo
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Hua Du
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong-Quan He
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Gang Peng
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
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Megakaryocytes in Bone Metastasis: Protection or Progression? Cells 2019; 8:cells8020134. [PMID: 30744029 PMCID: PMC6406759 DOI: 10.3390/cells8020134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone is the primary site where some cancers develop secondary growth, particularly those derived from breast and prostate tissue. The spread of metastasis to distant sites relies on complex mechanisms by which only cells endowed with certain characteristics are able to reach secondary growth sites. Platelets play a pivotal role in tumour growth, by conferring resistance to shear stress to the circulating tumour cells and protection against natural killer cell attack. Mature polyploid megakaryocytes (MKs) reside in close proximity to the vascular sinusoids of bone marrow, where their primary function is to produce platelets. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that MKs are essential for skeletal homeostasis, due to the expression and production of the bone-related proteins osteocalcin, osteonectin, bone morphogenetic protein, osteopontin, bone sialoprotein, and osteoprotegerin. Debate surrounds the role that MKs play in the development of bone metastasis, which is the topic of this mini-review.
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30
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Fan J, Lv H, Li J, Che Y, Xu B, Tao Z, Jiang W. Roles of Nrf2/HO-1 and HIF-1α/VEGF in lung tissue injury and repair following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:7695-7707. [PMID: 30565676 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI) leads to injury in distant organs, most commonly the lungs, although limited studies have examined self-protective mechanisms during CIRI-induced lung injury. Here, we investigated self-protective mechanisms that attenuate stress-related injury and promote the angiogenetic repair of epithelial function during CIRI-induced lung injury by measuring nuclear factor erythroid-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) levels. A CIRI model was established in male Sprague-Dawley rats by blocking the middle cerebral artery. Rats were divided into five subgroups based on the reperfusion time (6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hr). Lung injury was assessed using a semiquantitative score and a thiobarbituric acid-based method of determining malonaldehyde production. Lung tissue angiogenesis was detected by CD34 and CD31 immunolabeling. Changes in Nrf2, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), HIF-1α, vascular-endothelial growth factor (VEGF), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), extracellular-regulated kinase1/2 (ERK1/2), and phospho-ERK1/2 ( p-ERK1/2) protein- and mRNA-expression levels were measured by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription polymerase chain reactions, respectively. Oxidative stress induced by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (CI/R) caused lung injury. Expression of the Nrf2/HO-1 antioxidative stress pathway in lung tissues increased following CI/R, peaking after 24 hr. PI3K, ERK, and p-ERK1/2, which act upstream of Nrf2/HO-1, were expressed at higher levels in the CI/R-model group, consistent with the general trends observed for Nrf2/HO-1. Within 72 hr post-CI/R, HIF-1α, and VEGF expression significantly increased versus the sham group. Thus, during CIRI-induced lung injury, the body may upregulate antioxidative stress activities and promote angiogenesis to repair the endothelial barrier through the Nrf2/HO-1 and HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathways, enabling self-protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Fan
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Hui Lv
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuqin Che
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Baoning Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Zuo Tao
- Department of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wenjun Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Li H, Liu L, Liu C, Zhuang J, Zhou C, Yang J, Gao C, Liu G, Lv Q, Sun C. Deciphering Key Pharmacological Pathways of Qingdai Acting on Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Using a Network Pharmacology-Based Strategy. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:5668-5688. [PMID: 30108199 PMCID: PMC6106618 DOI: 10.12659/msm.908756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Qingdai, a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) used for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) with good efficacy, has been used in China for decades. However, due to the complexity of traditional Chinese medicinal compounds, the pharmacological mechanism of Qingdai needs further research. In this study, we investigated the pharmacological mechanisms of Qingdai in the treatment of CML using network pharmacology approaches. First, components in Qingdai that were selected by pharmacokinetic profiles and biological activity predicted putative targets based on a combination of 2D and 3D similarity measures with known ligands. Then, an interaction network of Qingdai putative targets and known therapeutic targets for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia was constructed. By calculating the 4 topological features (degree, betweenness, closeness, and coreness) of each node in the network, we identified the candidate Qingdai targets according to their network topological importance. The composite compounds of Qingdai and the corresponding candidate major targets were further validated by a molecular docking simulation. Seven components in Qingdai were selected and 32 candidate Qingdai targets were identified; these were more frequently involved in cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, cell cycle, p53 signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, and immune system-related pathways, which all play important roles in the progression of CML. Finally, the molecular docking simulation showed that 23 pairs of chemical components and candidate Qingdai targets had effective binding. This network-based pharmacology study suggests that Qingdai acts through the regulation of candidate targets to interfere with CML and thus regulates the occurrence and development of CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huayao Li
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Lijuan Liu
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland).,Department of Oncology, Affilited Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Cun Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Jing Zhuang
- Departmen of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Chao Zhou
- Departmen of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Jing Yang
- Departmen of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Chundi Gao
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Gongxi Liu
- Departmen of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Qingliang Lv
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Changgang Sun
- Department of Oncology, Affilited Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
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Fang B, Chen X, Wu M, Kong H, Chu G, Zhou Z, Zhang C, Chen B. Luteolin inhibits angiogenesis of the M2‑like TAMs via the downregulation of hypoxia inducible factor‑1α and the STAT3 signalling pathway under hypoxia. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:2914-2922. [PMID: 30015852 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The imbalance between angiogenic inducers and inhibitors appears to be a critical factor in tumour pathogenesis. Angiogenesis serves a key role in the occurrence, invasion and metastasis of tumours. Macrophages are a major cellular component of human and rodent tumours, where they are usually termed tumour‑associated macrophages (TAMs). In malignant tumours, TAMs tend to resemble alternatively activated macrophages (M2‑like), promote TA angiogenesis, strengthen tumour migration and invasive abilities, and simultaneously inhibit antitumor immune responses. In our previous study, luteolin, commonly found in a wide variety of plants, had a strong antitumor effect under normoxia; however, it is unknown whether luteolin serves a similar role under hypoxia. In the present study, cobalt chloride (CoCl2) was used to simulate hypoxia. Hypoxia‑inducible factor‑1α (HIF‑1α), which is difficult to detect under normoxic conditions, was significantly increased. Additionally, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was also significantly increased in response to CoCl2 treatment. Subsequently, luteolin was applied with CoCl2 to examine the effects of luteolin. Luteolin decreased the expression of VEGF and matrix metalloproteinase‑9, which promote angiogenesis. In addition, luteolin also suppressed the activation of HIF‑1 and phosphorylated‑signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signalling, particularly within the M2‑like TAMs. The results of the present study provide novel evidence that luteolin, under hypoxic conditions, has a strong anticancer effect via the HIF‑1α and STAT3 signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbo Fang
- Department of Surgery, The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Xuehai Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Minmin Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Hongru Kong
- Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Guanyu Chu
- Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Zhenxu Zhou
- Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Chunwu Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Bicheng Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
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