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Pellegrino F, Sjoberg DD, Tin AL, Benfante NE, Briganti A, Montorsi F, Scardino PT, Eastham JA, Vickers AJ, Lilja H, Laudone VP. Predictive value of kallikrein forms and β-microseminoprotein in blood from patients with evidence of detectable levels of PSA after radical prostatectomy. World J Urol 2023; 41:1489-1495. [PMID: 37209144 PMCID: PMC10547122 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-023-04420-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine whether β-microseminoprotein or any of the kallikrein forms in blood-free, total or intact PSA or total hK2-predict metastasis in patients with evidence of detectable levels of PSA in blood after radical prostatectomy. METHOD We determined marker concentrations in blood from 173 men treated with radical prostatectomy and evidence of detectable levels of PSA in the blood (PSA ≥ 0.05) after surgery between 2014 and 2015 and at least 1 year after any adjuvant therapy. We used Cox regression to determine whether any marker was associated with metastasis using both univariate and multivariable models that included standard clinical predictors. RESULTS Overall, 42 patients had metastasis, with a median follow-up of 67 months among patients without an event. The levels of intact and free PSA and free-to-total PSA ratio were significantly associated with metastasis. Discrimination was highest for free PSA (c-index: 0.645) and free-to-total PSA ratio (0.625). Only free-to-total PSA ratio remained associated with overall metastasis (either regional or distant) after including standard clinical predictors (p = 0.025) and increased discrimination from 0.686 to 0.697. Similar results were found using distant metastasis as an outcome (p = 0.011; c-index increased from 0.658 to 0.723). CONCLUSION Our results provide evidence that free-to-total PSA ratio can risk stratifying patients with evidence of detectable levels of PSA in blood after RP. Further research is warranted on the biology of prostate cancer markers in patients with evidence of detectable levels of PSA in blood after radical prostatectomy. Our findings on the free-to-total ratio for predicting adverse oncologic outcomes need to be validated in other cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Pellegrino
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Division of Oncology/Unit of Urology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Urological Research Institute, Milan, Italy.
| | - Daniel D Sjoberg
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amy L Tin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicole E Benfante
- Department of Surgery (Urology Service), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alberto Briganti
- Division of Oncology/Unit of Urology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Urological Research Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Montorsi
- Division of Oncology/Unit of Urology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Urological Research Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Peter T Scardino
- Department of Surgery (Urology Service), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - James A Eastham
- Department of Surgery (Urology Service), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew J Vickers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hans Lilja
- Department of Surgery (Urology Service), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine (GU-Oncology Service), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Vincent P Laudone
- Department of Surgery (Urology Service), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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Sun Y, Chen G, He J, Huang ZG, Li SH, Yang YP, Zhong LY, Ji SF, Huang Y, Chen XH, He ML, Wu H. Clinical significance and potential molecular mechanism of miRNA-222-3p in metastatic prostate cancer. Bioengineered 2021; 12:325-340. [PMID: 33356818 PMCID: PMC8806336 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2020.1867405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical significance and underlying molecular mechanism of miRNA-222-3p in metastatic prostate cancer (MPCa) remain unclear. The present study used a large number of cases (n = 1,502) based on miRNA chip and miRNA sequencing datasets to evaluate the expression and diagnostic potential of miRNA-222-3p in MPCa. We applied a variety of meta-analytic methods, including forest maps, sensitivity analysis, subgroup analysis and summary receiver operating characteristic curves, to prove the final results. MiRNA-222-3p was reduced in MPCa and had a moderate diagnostic potential in MPCa. We screened 118 miRNA-222-3p targets using three different methods including miRNA-222-3p transfected MPCa cell lines, online prediction databases and differently upregulated genes in MPCa. Moreover, functional enrichment analysis performed to explore the potential molecular mechanism of miRNA-222-3p showed that the potential target genes of miRNA-222-3p were significantly enriched in the p53 signal pathway. In the protein–protein interaction network analysis, SNAP91 was identified as a hub gene that may be closely related to MPCa. Gene chip and RNA sequencing datasets containing 1,237 samples were used to determine the expression level and diagnostic potential of SNAP91 in MPCa. SNAP91 was found to be overexpressed in MPCa and had a moderate diagnostic potential in MPCa. In addition, miRNA-222-3p expression was negatively correlated with SNAP91 expression in MPCa (r = −0.636, P = 0.006). These results demonstrated that miRNA-222-3p might play an important role in MPCa by negatively regulating SNAP91 expression. Thus, miRNA-222-3p might be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target of MPCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sun
- Division of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University , Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University , Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Juan He
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University , Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Guang Huang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University , Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Hua Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University , Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Yuan-Ping Yang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University , Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Lu-Yang Zhong
- Division of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University , Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Fan Ji
- Division of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University , Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Ying Huang
- Division of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University , Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Hua Chen
- Division of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University , Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Mao-Lin He
- Division of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University , Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Hao Wu
- Division of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University , Nanning, P.R. China
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