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Pradel B, Cantaloube G, Villares M, Deffieu MS, Robert-Hebmann V, Lucansky V, Faure M, Chazal N, Gaudin R, Espert L. LC3B conjugation machinery promotes autophagy-independent HIV-1 entry in CD4 + T lymphocytes. Autophagy 2024; 20:1825-1836. [PMID: 38566318 PMCID: PMC11262235 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2024.2338573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 entry into CD4+ T lymphocytes relies on the viral and cellular membranes' fusion, leading to viral capsid delivery in the target cell cytoplasm. Atg8/LC3B conjugation to lipids, process named Atg8ylation mainly studied in the context of macroautophagy/autophagy, occurs transiently in the early stages of HIV-1 replication in CD4+ T lymphocytes. Despite numerous studies investigating the HIV-1-autophagy interplays, the Atg8ylation impact in these early stages of infection remains unknown. Here we found that HIV-1 exposure leads to the rapid LC3B enrichment toward the target cell plasma membrane, in close proximity with the incoming viral particles. Furthermore, we demonstrated that Atg8ylation is a key event facilitating HIV-1 entry in target CD4+ T cells. Interestingly, this effect is independent of canonical autophagy as ATG13 silencing does not prevent HIV-1 entry. Together, our results provide an unconventional role of LC3B conjugation subverted by HIV-1 to achieve a critical step of its replication cycle.Abbreviations: BafA1: bafilomycin A1; BlaM: beta-lactamase; CD4+ TL: CD4+ T lymphocytes; PtdIns3K-BECN1 complex: BECN1-containing class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex; Env: HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins; HIV-1: type 1 human immunodeficiency virus; PM: plasma membrane; PtdIns3P: phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate; VLP: virus-like particle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baptiste Pradel
- University of Montpellier, CNRS, Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Montpellier, France
| | - Guilhem Cantaloube
- University of Montpellier, CNRS, Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Montpellier, France
| | - Marie Villares
- University of Montpellier, CNRS, Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Montpellier, France
| | - Maïka S. Deffieu
- University of Montpellier, CNRS, Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Montpellier, France
| | - Véronique Robert-Hebmann
- University of Montpellier, CNRS, Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Montpellier, France
| | - Vincent Lucansky
- University of Montpellier, CNRS, Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Montpellier, France
- Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin (JFMED CU), Department of Pathophysiology, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Mathias Faure
- CIRI, University of Lyon, Inserm U1111, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Nathalie Chazal
- University of Montpellier, CNRS, Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Montpellier, France
| | - Raphaël Gaudin
- University of Montpellier, CNRS, Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Montpellier, France
| | - Lucile Espert
- University of Montpellier, CNRS, Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Montpellier, France
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Wang L, Chen HJ, Wang ZG, Ning D, Zhao W, Rat V, Lamb DC, Pang DW, Liu SL. Mapping Extracellular Space Features of Viral Encephalitis to Evaluate the Proficiency of Anti-Viral Drugs. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2311457. [PMID: 38243660 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
The extracellular space (ECS) is an important barrier against viral attack on brain cells, and dynamic changes in ECS microstructure characteristics are closely related to the progression of viral encephalitis in the brain and the efficacy of antiviral drugs. However, mapping the precise morphological and rheological features of the ECS in viral encephalitis is still challenging so far. Here, a robust approach is developed using single-particle diffusional fingerprinting of quantum dots combined with machine learning to map ECS features in the brain and predict the efficacy of antiviral encephalitis drugs. These results demonstrated that this approach can characterize the microrheology and geometry of the brain ECS at different stages of viral infection and identify subtle changes induced by different drug treatments. This approach provides a potential platform for drug proficiency assessment and is expected to offer a reliable basis for the clinical translation of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Hua-Jie Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Di Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Virgile Rat
- Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM) and Nanosystems Initiative Munich (NIM), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Don C Lamb
- Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM) and Nanosystems Initiative Munich (NIM), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Dai-Wen Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Lin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
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