1
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Alves-Figueiredo H, Silva-Platas C, Estrada M, Oropeza-Almazán Y, Ramos-González M, Bernal-Ramírez J, Vázquez-Garza E, Tellez A, Salazar-Ramírez F, Méndez-Fernández A, Galaz JL, Lobos P, Youker K, Lozano O, Torre-Amione G, García-Rivas G. Mitochondrial Ca 2+ Uniporter-Dependent Energetic Dysfunction Drives Hypertrophy in Heart Failure. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2024; 9:496-518. [PMID: 38680963 PMCID: PMC11055214 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2024.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The role of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) in energy dysfunction and hypertrophy in heart failure (HF) remains unknown. In angiotensin II (ANGII)-induced hypertrophic cardiac cells we have shown that hypertrophic cells overexpress MCU and present bioenergetic dysfunction. However, by silencing MCU, cell hypertrophy and mitochondrial dysfunction are prevented by blocking mitochondrial calcium overload, increase mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, and activation of nuclear factor kappa B-dependent hypertrophic and proinflammatory signaling. Moreover, we identified a calcium/calmodulin-independent protein kinase II/cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-binding protein signaling modulating MCU upregulation by ANGII. Additionally, we found upregulation of MCU in ANGII-induced left ventricular HF in mice, and in the LV of HF patients, which was correlated with pathological remodeling. Following left ventricular assist device implantation, MCU expression decreased, suggesting tissue plasticity to modulate MCU expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Alves-Figueiredo
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, Monterrey, NL, México
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Monterrey, NL, México
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Hospital Zambrano Hellion, TecSalud, San Pedro Garza García, NL, México
| | - Christian Silva-Platas
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, Monterrey, NL, México
| | - Manuel Estrada
- Programa de Fisiología y Biofísica, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Yuriana Oropeza-Almazán
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, Monterrey, NL, México
| | - Martin Ramos-González
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, Monterrey, NL, México
| | - Judith Bernal-Ramírez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, Monterrey, NL, México
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Monterrey, NL, México
| | - Eduardo Vázquez-Garza
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, Monterrey, NL, México
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Monterrey, NL, México
| | - Armando Tellez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, Monterrey, NL, México
- Alizée Pathology, Thurmont, Maryland, USA
| | - Felipe Salazar-Ramírez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, Monterrey, NL, México
| | - Abraham Méndez-Fernández
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, Monterrey, NL, México
| | - José Luis Galaz
- Programa de Fisiología y Biofísica, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pedro Lobos
- Programa de Fisiología y Biofísica, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Keith Youker
- Weill Cornell Medical College, Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, The Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Omar Lozano
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, Monterrey, NL, México
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Monterrey, NL, México
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Hospital Zambrano Hellion, TecSalud, San Pedro Garza García, NL, México
| | - Guillermo Torre-Amione
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, Monterrey, NL, México
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Hospital Zambrano Hellion, TecSalud, San Pedro Garza García, NL, México
- Weill Cornell Medical College, Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, The Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Gerardo García-Rivas
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, Monterrey, NL, México
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Monterrey, NL, México
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Hospital Zambrano Hellion, TecSalud, San Pedro Garza García, NL, México
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2
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Sun C, Zhu L, Qin H, Su H, Zhang J, Wang S, Xu X, Zhao Z, Mao G, Chen J. Inhibition of mitochondrial calcium uptake by Ru360 enhances the effect of 1800 MHz radio-frequency electromagnetic fields on DNA damage. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 264:115472. [PMID: 37716072 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Today, the existence of radio-frequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) emitted from cell phones, wireless routers, base stations, and other sources are everywhere around our living environment, and the dose is increasing. RF-EMF have been reported to be cytotoxic and supposed to be a risk factor for various human diseases, thus, more attention is necessary. In recent years, interfere with mitochondrial calcium uptake by using mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) inhibitor were suggested to be potential clinical treatment in mitochondrial calcium overload diseases, like neurodegeneration, ischemia/reperfusion injury, and cancer, but whether this approach increases the health risk of RF-EMF exposure are unknown. To address our concern, we did a preliminary study to determine whether inhibition of MCU will increase the genotoxicity of RF-EMF exposure in cells, and found that short-time (15 min) exposure to 1800 MHz RF-EMF induced significant DNA damage and cell apoptosis in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) treated with Ruthenium 360 (Ru360), a specific inhibitor of MCU, but no significant effects on cell cycle, cell proliferation, or cell viability were observed. In conclusion, our results indicated that inhibiting MCU increases the genotoxicity of RF-EMF exposure, and more attention needs to be paid to the possible health impact of RF-EMF exposure under these treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Sun
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics & Geriatrics Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Longtao Zhu
- Bioelectromagnetics Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Houbing Qin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huili Su
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics & Geriatrics Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics & Geriatrics Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sanying Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics & Geriatrics Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaogang Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics & Geriatrics Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenlei Zhao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics & Geriatrics Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Genxiang Mao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics & Geriatrics Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Jun Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics & Geriatrics Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China.
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3
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Lozano O, Marcos P, Salazar-Ramirez FDJ, Lázaro-Alfaro AF, Sobrevia L, García-Rivas G. Targeting the mitochondrial Ca 2+ uniporter complex in cardiovascular disease. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2023; 237:e13946. [PMID: 36751976 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), the leading cause of death worldwide, share in common mitochondrial dysfunction, in specific a dysregulation of Ca2+ uptake dynamics through the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter (MCU) complex. In particular, Ca2+ uptake regulates the mitochondrial ATP production, mitochondrial dynamics, oxidative stress, and cell death. Therefore, modulating the activity of the MCU complex to regulate Ca2+ uptake, has been suggested as a potential therapeutic approach for the treatment of CVDs. Here, the role and implications of the MCU complex in CVDs are presented, followed by a review of the evidence for MCU complex modulation, genetically and pharmacologically. While most approaches have aimed within the MCU complex for the modulation of the Ca2+ pore channel, the MCU subunit, its intra- and extra- mitochondrial implications, including Ca2+ dynamics, oxidative stress, post-translational modifications, and its repercussions in the cardiac function, highlight that targeting the MCU complex has the translational potential for novel CVDs therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Lozano
- Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
- Biomedical Research Center, Hospital Zambrano-Hellion, TecSalud, Tecnologico de Monterrey, San Pedro Garza García, Mexico
- The Institute for Obesity Research, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Patricio Marcos
- Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Felipe de Jesús Salazar-Ramirez
- Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Anay F Lázaro-Alfaro
- Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Luis Sobrevia
- The Institute for Obesity Research, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research (UQCCR), Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Gerardo García-Rivas
- Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
- Biomedical Research Center, Hospital Zambrano-Hellion, TecSalud, Tecnologico de Monterrey, San Pedro Garza García, Mexico
- The Institute for Obesity Research, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
- Center of Functional Medicine, Hospital Zambrano-Hellion, TecSalud, Tecnologico de Monterrey, San Pedro Garza García, Mexico
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4
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Sandroni PB, Fisher-Wellman KH, Jensen BC. Adrenergic Receptor Regulation of Mitochondrial Function in Cardiomyocytes. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2022; 80:364-377. [PMID: 35170492 PMCID: PMC9365878 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Adrenergic receptors (ARs) are G protein-coupled receptors that are stimulated by catecholamines to induce a wide array of physiological effects across tissue types. Both α1- and β-ARs are found on cardiomyocytes and regulate cardiac contractility and hypertrophy through diverse molecular pathways. Acute activation of cardiomyocyte β-ARs increases heart rate and contractility as an adaptive stress response. However, chronic β-AR stimulation contributes to the pathobiology of heart failure. By contrast, mounting evidence suggests that α1-ARs serve protective functions that may mitigate the deleterious effects of chronic β-AR activation. Here, we will review recent studies demonstrating that α1- and β-ARs differentially regulate mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics, mitochondrial calcium handling, and oxidative phosphorylation in cardiomyocytes. We will identify potential mechanisms of these actions and focus on the implications of these findings for the modulation of contractile function in the uninjured and failing heart. Collectively, we hope to elucidate important physiological processes through which these well-studied and clinically relevant receptors stimulate and fuel cardiac contraction to contribute to myocardial health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyton B. Sandroni
- University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology
- University of North Carolina School of Medicine, McAllister Heart Institute
| | - Kelsey H. Fisher-Wellman
- East Carolina University Brody School of Medicine, Department of Physiology
- East Carolina University Diabetes and Obesity Institute
| | - Brian C. Jensen
- University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology
- University of North Carolina School of Medicine, McAllister Heart Institute
- University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology
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5
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Bakar MHA, Shahril NSN, Khalid MSFM, Mohammad S, Shariff KA, Karunakaran T, Salleh RM, Rosdi MN. Celastrol alleviates high-fat diet-induced obesity via enhanced muscle glucose utilization and mitochondrial oxidative metabolism-mediated upregulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 449:116099. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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6
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Exploring Functional Differences between the Right and Left Ventricles to Better Understand Right Ventricular Dysfunction. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:9993060. [PMID: 34497685 PMCID: PMC8421158 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9993060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The right and left ventricles have traditionally been studied as individual entities. Furthermore, modifications found in diseased left ventricles are assumed to influence on right ventricle alterations, but the connection is poorly understood. In this review, we describe the differences between ventricles under physiological and pathological conditions. Understanding the mechanisms that differentiate both ventricles would facilitate a more effective use of therapeutics and broaden our knowledge of right ventricle (RV) dysfunction. RV failure is the strongest predictor of mortality in pulmonary arterial hypertension, but at present, there are no definitive therapies directly targeting RV failure. We further explore the current state of drugs and molecules that improve RV failure in experimental therapeutics and clinical trials to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension and provide evidence of their potential benefits in heart failure.
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7
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Resveratrol Prevents Right Ventricle Dysfunction, Calcium Mishandling, and Energetic Failure via SIRT3 Stimulation in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:9912434. [PMID: 34239697 PMCID: PMC8238598 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9912434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by pulmonary vessel remodeling; however, its severity and impact on survival depend on right ventricular (RV) failure. Resveratrol (RES), a polyphenol found in red wine, exhibits cardioprotective effects on RV dysfunction in PAH. However, most literature has focused on RES protective effect on lung vasculature; recent finding indicates that RES has a cardioprotective effect independent of pulmonary arterial pressure on RV dysfunction, although the underlying mechanism in RV has not been determined. Therefore, this study is aimed at evaluating sirtuin-3 (SIRT3) modulation by RES in RV using a monocrotaline- (MC-) induced PAH rat model. Myocyte function was evaluated by confocal microscopy as cell contractility, calcium signaling, and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm); cell energetics was assessed by high-resolution respirometry, and western blot and immunoprecipitation evaluated posttranslational modifications. PAH significantly affects mitochondrial function in RV; PAH is prone to mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening, thus decreasing the mitochondrial membrane potential. The compromised cellular energetics affects cardiomyocyte function by decreasing sarco-endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) activity and delaying myofilament unbinding, disrupting cell relaxation. RES partially protects mitochondrial integrity by deacetylating cyclophilin-D, a critical component of the mPTP, increasing SIRT3 expression and activity and preventing mPTP opening. The preserved energetic capability rescues cell relaxation by maintaining SERCA activity. Avoiding Ca2+ transient and cell contractility mismatch by preserving mitochondrial function describes, for the first time, impairment in excitation-contraction-energetics coupling in RV failure. These results highlight the importance of mitochondrial energetics and mPTP in PAH.
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8
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Salazar-Ramírez F, Ramos-Mondragón R, García-Rivas G. Mitochondrial and Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Interconnection in Cardiac Arrhythmia. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:623381. [PMID: 33585462 PMCID: PMC7876262 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.623381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Ca2+ plays a pivotal role in mitochondrial energy production, contraction, and apoptosis. Mitochondrial Ca2+-targeted fluorescent probes have demonstrated that mitochondria Ca2+ transients are synchronized with Ca2+ fluxes occurring in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). The presence of specialized proteins tethering SR to mitochondria ensures the local Ca2+ flux between these organelles. Furthermore, communication between SR and mitochondria impacts their functionality in a bidirectional manner. Mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake through the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniplex is essential for ATP production and controlled reactive oxygen species levels for proper cellular signaling. Conversely, mitochondrial ATP ensures the proper functioning of SR Ca2+-handling proteins, which ensures that mitochondria receive an adequate supply of Ca2+. Recent evidence suggests that altered SR Ca2+ proteins, such as ryanodine receptors and the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase pump, play an important role in maintaining proper cardiac membrane excitability, which may be initiated and potentiated when mitochondria are dysfunctional. This recognized mitochondrial role offers the opportunity to develop new therapeutic approaches aimed at preventing cardiac arrhythmias in cardiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Salazar-Ramírez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Cardiovascular, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Roberto Ramos-Mondragón
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Gerardo García-Rivas
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Cardiovascular, Monterrey, Mexico.,TecSalud, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Hospital Zambrano-Hellion, San Pedro Garza García, Mexico.,TecSalud, Centro de Medicina Funcional, Hospital Zambrano-Hellion, San Pedro Garza García, Mexico
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9
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A systematic review of post-translational modifications in the mitochondrial permeability transition pore complex associated with cardiac diseases. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1867:165992. [PMID: 33091565 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening is involved in the pathophysiology of multiple cardiac diseases, such as ischemia/reperfusion injury and heart failure. A growing number of evidence provided by proteomic screening techniques has demonstrated the role of post-translational modifications (PTMs) in several key components of the pore in response to changes in the extra/intracellular environment and bioenergetic demand. This could lead to a fine, complex regulatory mechanism that, under pathological conditions, can shift the state of mitochondrial functions and, thus, the cell's fate. Understanding the complex relationship between these PTMs is still under investigation and can provide new, promising therapeutic targets and treatment approaches. This review, using a systematic review of the literature, presents the current knowledge on PTMs of the mPTP and their role in health and cardiac disease.
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10
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Diaz-Juarez J, Suarez JA, Dillmann WH, Suarez J. Mitochondrial calcium handling and heart disease in diabetes mellitus. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1867:165984. [PMID: 33002576 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus-induced heart disease, including diabetic cardiomyopathy, is an important medical problem and is difficult to treat. Diabetes mellitus increases the risk for heart failure and decreases cardiac myocyte function, which are linked to changes in cardiac mitochondrial energy metabolism. The free mitochondrial calcium concentration ([Ca2+]m) is fundamental in activating the mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes and ATP production and is also known to regulate the activity of key mitochondrial dehydrogenases. The mitochondrial calcium uniporter complex (MCUC) plays a major role in mediating mitochondrial Ca2+ import, and its expression and function therefore may have a marked impact on cardiac myocyte metabolism and function. Here, we summarize the pathophysiological role of [Ca2+]m handling and MCUC in the diabetic heart. In addition, we evaluate potential therapeutic targets, directed to the machinery that regulates mitochondrial calcium handling, to alleviate diabetes-related cardiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julieta Diaz-Juarez
- Department of Pharmacology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Seccion XVI, 14080 Tlalpan, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Jorge A Suarez
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Wolfgang H Dillmann
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jorge Suarez
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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11
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Oropeza-Almazán Y, Blatter LA. Mitochondrial calcium uniporter complex activation protects against calcium alternans in atrial myocytes. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2020; 319:H873-H881. [PMID: 32857593 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00375.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac alternans, defined as beat-to-beat alternations in action potential duration, cytosolic Ca transient (CaT) amplitude, and cardiac contraction is associated with atrial fibrillation (AF) and sudden cardiac death. At the cellular level, cardiac alternans is linked to abnormal intracellular calcium handling during excitation-contraction coupling. We investigated how pharmacological activation or inhibition of cytosolic Ca sequestration via mitochondrial Ca uptake and mitochondrial Ca retention affects the occurrence of pacing-induced CaT alternans in isolated rabbit atrial myocytes. Cytosolic CaTs were recorded using Fluo-4 fluorescence microscopy. Alternans was quantified as the alternans ratio (AR = 1 - CaTsmall/CaTlarge, where CaTsmall and CaTlarge are the amplitudes of the small and large CaTs of a pair of alternating CaTs). Inhibition of mitochondrial Ca sequestration via mitochondrial Ca uniporter complex (MCUC) with Ru360 enhanced the severity of CaT alternans (AR increase) and lowered the pacing frequency threshold for alternans. In contrast, stimulation of MCUC mediated mitochondrial Ca uptake with spermine-rescued alternans (AR decrease) and increased the alternans pacing threshold. Direct measurement of mitochondrial [Ca] in membrane permeabilized myocytes with Fluo-4 loaded mitochondria revealed that spermine enhanced and accelerated mitochondrial Ca uptake. Stimulation of mitochondrial Ca retention by preventing mitochondrial Ca efflux through the mitochondrial permeability transition pore with cyclosporin A also protected from alternans and increased the alternans pacing threshold. Pharmacological manipulation of MCUC activity did not affect sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca load. Our results suggest that activation of Ca sequestration by mitochondria protects from CaT alternans and could be a potential therapeutic target for cardiac alternans and AF prevention.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study provides conclusive evidence that mitochondrial Ca uptake and retention protects from Ca alternans, whereas uptake inhibition enhances Ca alternans. The data suggest pharmacological mitochondrial Ca cycling modulation as a potential therapeutic strategy for alternans-related cardiac arrhythmia prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lothar A Blatter
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
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12
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Lozano O, Silva-Platas C, Chapoy-Villanueva H, Pérez BE, Lees JG, Ramachandra CJA, Contreras-Torres FF, Lázaro-Alfaro A, Luna-Figueroa E, Bernal-Ramírez J, Gordillo-Galeano A, Benitez A, Oropeza-Almazán Y, Castillo EC, Koh PL, Hausenloy DJ, Lim SY, García-Rivas G. Amorphous SiO2 nanoparticles promote cardiac dysfunction via the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore in rat heart and human cardiomyocytes. Part Fibre Toxicol 2020; 17:15. [PMID: 32381100 PMCID: PMC7206702 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-020-00346-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Silica nanoparticles (nanoSiO2) are promising systems that can deliver biologically active compounds to tissues such as the heart in a controllable manner. However, cardiac toxicity induced by nanoSiO2 has been recently related to abnormal calcium handling and energetic failure in cardiomyocytes. Moreover, the precise mechanisms underlying this energetic debacle remain unclear. In order to elucidate these mechanisms, this article explores the ex vivo heart function and mitochondria after exposure to nanoSiO2. Results The cumulative administration of nanoSiO2 reduced the mechanical performance index of the rat heart with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 93 μg/mL, affecting the relaxation rate. In isolated mitochondria nanoSiO2 was found to be internalized, inhibiting oxidative phosphorylation and significantly reducing the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). The mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) was also induced with an increasing dose of nanoSiO2 and partially recovered with, a potent blocker of the mPTP, Cyclosporine A (CsA). The activity of aconitase and thiol oxidation, in the adenine nucleotide translocase, were found to be reduced due to nanoSiO2 exposure, suggesting that nanoSiO2 induces the mPTP via thiol modification and ROS generation. In cardiac cells exposed to nanoSiO2, enhanced viability and reduction of H2O2 were observed after application of a specific mitochondrial antioxidant, MitoTEMPO. Concomitantly, CsA treatment in adult rat cardiac cells reduced the nanoSiO2-triggered cell death and recovered ATP production (from 32.4 to 65.4%). Additionally, we performed evaluation of the mitochondrial effect of nanoSiO2 in human cardiomyocytes. We observed a 40% inhibition of maximal oxygen consumption rate in mitochondria at 500 μg/mL. Under this condition we identified a remarkable diminution in the spare respiratory capacity. This data indicates that a reduction in the amount of extra ATP that can be produced by mitochondria during a sudden increase in energy demand. In human cardiomyocytes, increased LDH release and necrosis were found at increased doses of nanoSiO2, reaching 85 and 48%, respectively. Such deleterious effects were partially prevented by the application of CsA. Therefore, exposure to nanoSiO2 affects cardiac function via mitochondrial dysfunction through the opening of the mPTP. Conclusion The aforementioned effects can be partially avoided reducing ROS or retarding the opening of the mPTP. These novel strategies which resulted in cardioprotection could be considered as potential therapies to decrease the side effects of nanoSiO2 exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Lozano
- Tecnologico de Monterrey. Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, Monterrey, Mexico.,Tecnologico de Monterrey. Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Hospital Zambrano-Helión, San Pedro Garza-García, Mexico
| | - Christian Silva-Platas
- Tecnologico de Monterrey. Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Héctor Chapoy-Villanueva
- Tecnologico de Monterrey. Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Baruc E Pérez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey. Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Jarmon G Lees
- Departments of Medicine and Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,O'Brien Institute Department, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chrishan J A Ramachandra
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Anay Lázaro-Alfaro
- Tecnologico de Monterrey. Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Estefanía Luna-Figueroa
- Tecnologico de Monterrey. Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Judith Bernal-Ramírez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey. Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, Monterrey, Mexico
| | | | - Alfredo Benitez
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, USA
| | - Yuriana Oropeza-Almazán
- Tecnologico de Monterrey. Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Elena C Castillo
- Tecnologico de Monterrey. Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Poh Ling Koh
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Derek J Hausenloy
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, London, UK.,Cardiovascular Research Center, College of Medical and Health Sciences, Asia University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Shiang Y Lim
- Departments of Medicine and Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,O'Brien Institute Department, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gerardo García-Rivas
- Tecnologico de Monterrey. Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, Monterrey, Mexico. .,Tecnologico de Monterrey. Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Hospital Zambrano-Helión, San Pedro Garza-García, Mexico.
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13
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Secondary Metabolites of The Endophytic Fungus Alternaria alternata JS0515 Isolated from Vitex rotundifolia and Their Effects on Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Activity. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24244450. [PMID: 31817301 PMCID: PMC6943735 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24244450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The fungal strain Alternaria alternata JS0515 was isolated from Vitex rotundifolia (beach vitex). Twelve secondary metabolites, including one new altenusin derivative (1), were isolated. The isolated metabolites included seven known altenusin derivatives (2–8), two isochromanones (9, 10), one perylenequinone (11), and one benzocycloalkanone (12). Their structures were determined via 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, mass spectrometry (MS), and computational electronic circular dichroism (ECD) analysis. Compounds 3 and 11 increased pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity in AD-293 human embryonic kidney cells and significantly inhibited PDH phosphorylation. The IC50 values of 3 and 11 were 32.58 and 27.82 μM, respectively.
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14
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Altamimi TR, Karwi QG, Uddin GM, Fukushima A, Kwong JQ, Molkentin JD, Lopaschuk GD. Cardiac-specific deficiency of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter augments fatty acid oxidation and functional reserve. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 127:223-231. [PMID: 30615880 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2018.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) relays cytosolic Ca2+ transients to the mitochondria. We examined whether energy metabolism was compromised in hearts from mice with a cardiac-specific deficiency of MCU subjected to an isoproterenol (ISO) challenge. Surprisingly, isolated working hearts from cardiac MCU-deficient mice showed higher cardiac work, both in the presence or absence of ISO. These hearts were not energy-starved, with ISO inducing a similar increase in glucose oxidation rates compared to control hearts, but a greater increase in fatty acid oxidation rates. This correlated with lower levels of the fatty acid oxidation inhibitor malonyl CoA, and to an increased stimulatory acetylation of its degrading enzyme malonyl CoA decarboxylase and of the fatty acid β-oxidation enzyme β-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase. We conclude that impaired mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake does not compromise cardiac energetics due to a compensatory stimulation of fatty acid oxidation that provides a higher energy reserve during acute adrenergic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq R Altamimi
- Cardiovascular Translational Science Institute and the Department of Pediatrics, 423 Heritage Medical Research Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Qutuba G Karwi
- Cardiovascular Translational Science Institute and the Department of Pediatrics, 423 Heritage Medical Research Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Golam Mezbah Uddin
- Cardiovascular Translational Science Institute and the Department of Pediatrics, 423 Heritage Medical Research Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Arata Fukushima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Jennifer Q Kwong
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jeffery D Molkentin
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Gary D Lopaschuk
- Cardiovascular Translational Science Institute and the Department of Pediatrics, 423 Heritage Medical Research Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2S2, Canada.
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15
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Park S, Jeon JH, Min BK, Ha CM, Thoudam T, Park BY, Lee IK. Role of the Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex in Metabolic Remodeling: Differential Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Functions in Metabolism. Diabetes Metab J 2018; 42:270-281. [PMID: 30136450 PMCID: PMC6107359 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2018.0101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of metabolic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancers. Dysfunction occurs in part because of altered regulation of the mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC), which acts as a central metabolic node that mediates pyruvate oxidation after glycolysis and fuels the Krebs cycle to meet energy demands. Fine-tuning of PDC activity has been mainly attributed to post-translational modifications of its subunits, including the extensively studied phosphorylation and de-phosphorylation of the E1α subunit of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), modulated by kinases (pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase [PDK] 1-4) and phosphatases (pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase [PDP] 1-2), respectively. In addition to phosphorylation, other covalent modifications, including acetylation and succinylation, and changes in metabolite levels via metabolic pathways linked to utilization of glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids, have been identified. In this review, we will summarize the roles of PDC in diverse tissues and how regulation of its activity is affected in various metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungmi Park
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea.
| | - Jae Han Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Byong Keol Min
- Department of Biomedical Science & BK21 plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Programs, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Chae Myeong Ha
- Department of Biomedical Science & BK21 plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Programs, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Themis Thoudam
- Department of Biomedical Science & BK21 plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Programs, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Bo Yoon Park
- Department of Biomedical Science & BK21 plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Programs, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - In Kyu Lee
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science & BK21 plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Programs, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
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16
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Ex Vivo Cardiotoxicity of Antineoplastic Casiopeinas Is Mediated through Energetic Dysfunction and Triggered Mitochondrial-Dependent Apoptosis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:8949450. [PMID: 29765507 PMCID: PMC5889877 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8949450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Casiopeinas are a group of copper-based antineoplastic molecules designed as a less toxic and more therapeutic alternative to cisplatin or Doxorubicin; however, there is scarce evidence about their toxic effects on the whole heart and cardiomyocytes. Given this, rat hearts were perfused with Casiopeinas or Doxorubicin and the effects on mechanical performance, energetics, and mitochondrial function were measured. As well, the effects of Casiopeinas-triggered cell death were explored in isolated cardiomyocytes. Casiopeinas III-Ea, II-gly, and III-ia induced a progressive and sustained inhibition of heart contractile function that was dose- and time-dependent with an IC50 of 1.3 ± 0.2, 5.5 ± 0.5, and 10 ± 0.7 μM, correspondingly. Myocardial oxygen consumption was not modified at their respective IC50, although ATP levels were significantly reduced, indicating energy impairment. Isolated mitochondria from Casiopeinas-treated hearts showed a significant loss of membrane potential and reduction of mitochondrial Ca2+ retention capacity. Interestingly, Cyclosporine A inhibited Casiopeinas-induced mitochondrial Ca2+ release, which suggests the involvement of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening. In addition, Casiopeinas reduced the viability of cardiomyocytes and stimulated the activation of caspases 3, 7, and 9, demonstrating a cell death mitochondrial-dependent mechanism. Finally, the early perfusion of Cyclosporine A in isolated hearts decreased Casiopeinas-induced dysfunction with reduction of their toxic effect. Our results suggest that heart cardiotoxicity of Casiopeinas is similar to that of Doxorubicin, involving heart mitochondrial dysfunction, loss of membrane potential, changes in energetic metabolites, and apoptosis triggered by mitochondrial permeability.
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17
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Madeo F, Eisenberg T, Pietrocola F, Kroemer G. Spermidine in health and disease. Science 2018; 359:359/6374/eaan2788. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aan2788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 438] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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18
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Lozano O, Torres-Quintanilla A, García-Rivas G. Nanomedicine for the cardiac myocyte: Where are we? J Control Release 2017; 271:149-165. [PMID: 29273321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Biomedical achievements in the last few decades, leading to successful therapeutic interventions, have considerably improved human life expectancy. Nevertheless, the increasing load and the still suboptimal outcome for patients with cardiac dysfunction underlines the relevance of continuous research to develop novel therapeutics for these diseases. In this context, the field of nanomedicine has attracted a lot of attention due to the potential novel treatment possibilities, such as controlled and sustained release, tissue targeting, and drug protection from degradation. For cardiac myocytes, which constitute the majority of the heart by mass and are the contractile unit, new options have been explored in terms of the use of nanomaterials (NMs) for therapy, diagnosis, and tissue engineering. This review focuses on the advances of nanomedicine targeted to the cardiac myocyte: first presenting the NMs used and the principal cardiac myocyte-based afflictions, followed by an overview of key advances in the field, including NMs interactions with the cardiac myocyte, therapy delivery, diagnosis based on imaging, and tissue engineering for tissue repair and heart-on-a-chip devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Lozano
- Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico; Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Hospital Zambrano-Hellion, Tecnologico de Monterrey, San Pedro Garza-García, Mexico.
| | - Alejandro Torres-Quintanilla
- Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Gerardo García-Rivas
- Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico; Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Hospital Zambrano-Hellion, Tecnologico de Monterrey, San Pedro Garza-García, Mexico
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19
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Proinflammatory Cytokines Are Soluble Mediators Linked with Ventricular Arrhythmias and Contractile Dysfunction in a Rat Model of Metabolic Syndrome. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:7682569. [PMID: 29201273 PMCID: PMC5671748 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7682569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MS) increases cardiovascular risk and is associated with cardiac dysfunction and arrhythmias, although the precise mechanisms are still under study. Chronic inflammation in MS has emerged as a possible cause of adverse cardiac events. Male Wistar rats fed with 30% sucrose in drinking water and standard chow for 25–27 weeks were compared to a control group. The MS group showed increased weight, visceral fat, blood pressure, and serum triglycerides. The most important increases in serum cytokines included IL-1β (7-fold), TNF-α (84%), IL-6 (41%), and leptin (2-fold), the latter also showing increased gene expression in heart tissue (35-fold). Heart function ex vivo in MS group showed a decreased mechanical performance response to isoproterenol challenge (ISO). Importantly, MS hearts under ISO showed nearly twofold the incidence of ventricular fibrillation. Healthy rat cardiomyocytes exposed to MS group serum displayed impaired contractile function and Ca2+ handling during ISO treatment, showing slightly decreased cell shortening and Ca2+ transient amplitude (23%), slower cytosolic calcium removal (17%), and more frequent spontaneous Ca2+ release events (7.5-fold). As spontaneous Ca2+ releases provide a substrate for ventricular arrhythmias, our study highlights the possible role of serum proinflammatory mediators in the development of arrhythmic events during MS.
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20
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Small Interfering RNA Targeting Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter Improves Cardiomyocyte Cell Viability in Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury by Reducing Calcium Overload. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:5750897. [PMID: 28337252 PMCID: PMC5350333 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5750897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 12/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular Ca2+ mishandling is an underlying mechanism in hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury that results in mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiomyocytes death. These events are mediated by mitochondrial Ca2+ (mCa2+) overload that is facilitated by the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) channel. Along this line, we evaluated the effect of siRNA-targeting MCU in cardiomyocytes subjected to H/R injury. First, cardiomyocytes treated with siRNA demonstrated a reduction of MCU expression by 67%, which resulted in significant decrease in mitochondrial Ca2+ transport. siRNA treated cardiomyocytes showed decreased mitochondrial permeability pore opening and oxidative stress trigger by Ca2+ overload. Furthermore, after H/R injury MCU silencing decreased necrosis and apoptosis levels by 30% and 50%, respectively, and resulted in reduction in caspases 3/7, 9, and 8 activity. Our findings are consistent with previous conclusions that demonstrate that MCU activity is partly responsible for cellular injury induced by H/R and support the concept of utilizing siRNA-targeting MCU as a potential therapeutic strategy.
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21
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Guerrero-Beltrán CE, Bernal-Ramírez J, Lozano O, Oropeza-Almazán Y, Castillo EC, Garza JR, García N, Vela J, García-García A, Ortega E, Torre-Amione G, Ornelas-Soto N, García-Rivas G. Silica nanoparticles induce cardiotoxicity interfering with energetic status and Ca 2+ handling in adult rat cardiomyocytes. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2017; 312:H645-H661. [PMID: 28130337 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00564.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence has shown that nanoparticles that have been used to improve or create new functional properties for common products may pose potential risks to human health. Silicon dioxide (SiO2) has emerged as a promising therapy vector for the heart. However, its potential toxicity and mechanisms of damage remain poorly understood. This study provides the first exploration of SiO2-induced toxicity in cultured cardiomyocytes exposed to 7- or 670-nm SiO2 particles. We evaluated the mechanism of cell death in isolated adult cardiomyocytes exposed to 24-h incubation. The SiO2 cell membrane association and internalization were analyzed. SiO2 showed a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration for the 7 nm (99.5 ± 12.4 µg/ml) and 670 nm (>1,500 µg/ml) particles, which indicates size-dependent toxicity. We evaluated cardiomyocyte shortening and intracellular Ca2+ handling, which showed impaired contractility and intracellular Ca2+ transient amplitude during β-adrenergic stimulation in SiO2 treatment. The time to 50% Ca2+ decay increased 39%, and the Ca2+ spark frequency and amplitude decreased by 35 and 21%, respectively, which suggest a reduction in sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) activity. Moreover, SiO2 treatment depolarized the mitochondrial membrane potential and decreased ATP production by 55%. Notable glutathione depletion and H2O2 generation were also observed. These data indicate that SiO2 increases oxidative stress, which leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and low energy status; these underlie reduced SERCA activity, shortened Ca2+ release, and reduced cell shortening. This mechanism of SiO2 cardiotoxicity potentially plays an important role in the pathophysiology mechanism of heart failure, arrhythmias, and sudden death.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Silica particles are used as novel nanotechnology-based vehicles for diagnostics and therapeutics for the heart. However, their potential hazardous effects remain unknown. Here, the cardiotoxicity of silica nanoparticles in rat myocytes has been described for the first time, showing an impairment of mitochondrial function that interfered directly with Ca2+ handling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Enrique Guerrero-Beltrán
- Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, Escuela Nacional de Medicina, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, México.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Hospital Zambrano-Hellion, Tecnológico de Monterrey, San Pedro Garza-García, México
| | - Judith Bernal-Ramírez
- Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, Escuela Nacional de Medicina, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, México
| | - Omar Lozano
- Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, Escuela Nacional de Medicina, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, México.,Namur Nanosafety Centre, Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences, Research Centre for the Physics of Matter and Radiation, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Yuriana Oropeza-Almazán
- Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, Escuela Nacional de Medicina, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, México
| | - Elena Cristina Castillo
- Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, Escuela Nacional de Medicina, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, México
| | - Jesús Roberto Garza
- Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, Escuela Nacional de Medicina, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, México
| | - Noemí García
- Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, Escuela Nacional de Medicina, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, México.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Hospital Zambrano-Hellion, Tecnológico de Monterrey, San Pedro Garza-García, México
| | - Jorge Vela
- Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, Escuela Nacional de Medicina, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, México
| | - Alejandra García-García
- Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados S.C. Unidad Monterrey, Apodaca Nuevo León, México
| | - Eduardo Ortega
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Guillermo Torre-Amione
- Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, Escuela Nacional de Medicina, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, México.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Hospital Zambrano-Hellion, Tecnológico de Monterrey, San Pedro Garza-García, México.,Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, The Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas; and
| | - Nancy Ornelas-Soto
- Laboratorio de Nanotecnología Ambiental, Centro del Agua, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, México
| | - Gerardo García-Rivas
- Cátedra de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, Escuela Nacional de Medicina, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, México; .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Hospital Zambrano-Hellion, Tecnológico de Monterrey, San Pedro Garza-García, México
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