1
|
Smith R, Perez-Ternero C, Conole D, Martin C, Myers SH, Hobbs AJ, Selwood DL. A Series of Substituted Bis-Aminotriazines Are Activators of the Natriuretic Peptide Receptor C. J Med Chem 2022; 65:5495-5513. [PMID: 35333039 PMCID: PMC9014859 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is involved in the regulation of vascular homeostasis, which is at least partly mediated through agonism of natriuretic peptide receptor C (NPR-C), and loss of this signaling has been associated with vascular dysfunction. As such, NPR-C is a novel therapeutic target to treat cardiovascular diseases. A series of novel small molecules have been designed and synthesized, and their structure-activity relationships were evaluated by a surface plasmon resonance binding assay. The biological activity of hit compounds was confirmed through organ bath assays measuring vascular relaxation and inhibition of cAMP production, which was shown to be linked to its NPR-C activity. Lead compound 1 was identified as a potent agonist (EC50 ∼ 1 μM) with promising in vivo pharmacokinetic properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert
J. Smith
- Wolfson
Institute for Biomedical Research, University
College London, Cruciform Building, Gower St, London WC1E 6DH, U.K.
| | - Cristina Perez-Ternero
- William
Harvey Research Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, U.K.
| | - Daniel Conole
- Wolfson
Institute for Biomedical Research, University
College London, Cruciform Building, Gower St, London WC1E 6DH, U.K.
| | - Capucine Martin
- William
Harvey Research Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, U.K.
| | - Samuel H. Myers
- Wolfson
Institute for Biomedical Research, University
College London, Cruciform Building, Gower St, London WC1E 6DH, U.K.
| | - Adrian J. Hobbs
- William
Harvey Research Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, U.K.
| | - David L. Selwood
- Wolfson
Institute for Biomedical Research, University
College London, Cruciform Building, Gower St, London WC1E 6DH, U.K.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Denys IB, Gao J, Sutphen JC, Zaveri NT, Kapusta DR. Cardiovascular and renal effects of novel nonpeptide nociceptin opioid peptide receptor agonists. Br J Pharmacol 2022; 179:287-300. [PMID: 34705263 PMCID: PMC8716424 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Partial agonists of the nociceptin opioid peptide (NOP) receptor have potential therapeutic use as antihypertensive and water diuretics (aquaretics). To date, peptide NOP receptor ligands have failed to progress in clinical trials due to poor pharmacokinetics and adverse effects. Nonpeptide, small-molecule NOP receptor ligands may be more suitable as therapeutic agents. This study investigated the cardiovascular and renal responses produced by the novel nonpeptide NOP agonists AT-403, AT-090, AT-127, and AT-039. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Changes in mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), renal excretory function and occurrence of sedation and hyperphagia were determined before and after i.v. bolus injection or infusion of the NOP agonists in conscious Sprague-Dawley rats. Additional studies involving (i) measurement of renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) and (ii) renal denervation were conducted to investigate the role of the renal nerves in the cardiorenal responses to AT-039. KEY RESULTS Bolus i.v. injection of AT-403, AT-090, AT-127 and AT-039 produced significant decreases in MAP and HR and a sodium-sparing diuresis. AT-403, AT-090, and AT-127, but not AT-039, induced sedation and hyperphagia at all doses tested. Infusion i.v. of AT-039 produced hypotension and aquaresis without adverse central nervous system effects or change in HR, responses that were also observed in renal denervated rats. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Nonpeptide NOP agonists decrease blood pressure and produce aquaresis in conscious rodents. Due to lack of sedation and hyperphagia, AT-039 represents a novel NOP agonist that may be useful for treatment of hypertension and/or volume overload/hyponatraemic states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ian B Denys
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and the Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1901 Perdido St, New Orleans, LA 70112
| | - Juan Gao
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and the Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1901 Perdido St, New Orleans, LA 70112
| | - Jane C Sutphen
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and the Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1901 Perdido St, New Orleans, LA 70112
| | | | - Daniel R Kapusta
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and the Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1901 Perdido St, New Orleans, LA 70112
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yang Y, Zhao M, Yu XJ, Liu LZ, He X, Deng J, Zang WJ. Pyridostigmine regulates glucose metabolism and mitochondrial homeostasis to reduce myocardial vulnerability to injury in diabetic mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2019; 317:E312-E326. [PMID: 31211620 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00569.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic patients are more susceptible to myocardial ischemia damage than nondiabetic patients, with worse clinical outcomes and greater mortality. The mechanism may be related to glucose metabolism, mitochondrial homeostasis, and oxidative stress. Pyridostigmine may improve vagal activity to protect cardiac function in cardiovascular diseases. Researchers have not determined whether pyridostigmine regulates glucose metabolism and mitochondrial homeostasis to reduce myocardial vulnerability to injury in diabetic mice. In the present study, autonomic imbalance, myocardial damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress were exacerbated in isoproterenol-stimulated diabetic mice, revealing the myocardial vulnerability of diabetic mice to injury compared with mice with diabetes or exposed to isoproterenol alone. Compared with normal mice, the expression of glucose transporters (GLUT)1/4 phosphofructokinase (PFK) FB3, and pyruvate kinase isoform (PKM) was decreased in diabetic mice, but increased in isoproterenol-stimulated normal mice. Following exposure to isoproterenol, the expression of (GLUT)1/4 phosphofructokinase (PFK) FB3, and PKM decreased in diabetic mice compared with normal mice. The downregulation of SIRT3/AMPK and IRS-1/Akt in isoproterenol-stimulated diabetic mice was exacerbated compared with that in diabetic mice or isoproterenol-stimulated normal mice. Pyridostigmine improved vagus activity, increased GLUT1/4, PFKFB3, and PKM expression, and ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress to reduce myocardial damage in isoproterenol-stimulated diabetic mice. Based on these results, it was found that pyridostigmine may reduce myocardial vulnerability to injury via the SIRT3/AMPK and IRS-1/Akt pathways in diabetic mice with isoproterenol-induced myocardial damage. This study may provide a potential therapeutic target for myocardial damage in diabetic patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shannxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shannxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Jiang Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shannxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Long-Zhu Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shannxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi He
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shannxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Deng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shannxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Jin Zang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shannxi, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Calo G, Lambert DG. Nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor ligands and translational challenges: focus on cebranopadol as an innovative analgesic. Br J Anaesth 2018; 121:1105-1114. [PMID: 30336855 PMCID: PMC6208290 DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2018.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Opioids are characterised as classical (mu, delta, and kappa) along with the non-classical nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) receptor or NOP. Targeting NOP has therapeutic indications in control of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems and micturition, and a profile as an antidepressant. For all of these indications, there are translational human data. Opioids such as morphine and fentanyl (activating the mu receptor) are the mainstay of pain treatment in the perioperative period, despite a challenging side-effect profile. Opioids in general have poor efficacy in neuropathic pain. Moreover, longer term use is associated with tolerance. There is good evidence interactions between opioid receptors, and receptor co-activation can reduce side-effects without compromising analgesia; this is particularly true for mu and NOP co-activation. Recent pharmaceutical development has produced a mixed opioid/NOP agonist, cebranopadol. This new chemical entity is effective in animal models of nociceptive and neuropathic pain with greater efficacy in the latter. In animal models, there is little evidence for respiratory depression, and tolerance (compared with morphine) only develops after long treatment periods. There is now early phase clinical development in diabetic neuropathy, cancer pain, and low back pain where cebranopadol displays significant efficacy. In 1996, N/OFQ was formally identified with an innovative analgesic profile. Approximately 20 yr later, cebranopadol as a clinical ligand is advancing through the human trials process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Calo
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Medical Sciences, National Institute of Neurosciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - D G Lambert
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
This paper is the thirty-ninth consecutive installment of the annual review of research concerning the endogenous opioid system. It summarizes papers published during 2016 that studied the behavioral effects of molecular, pharmacological and genetic manipulation of opioid peptides, opioid receptors, opioid agonists and opioid antagonists. The particular topics that continue to be covered include the molecular-biochemical effects and neurochemical localization studies of endogenous opioids and their receptors related to behavior, and the roles of these opioid peptides and receptors in pain and analgesia, stress and social status, tolerance and dependence, learning and memory, eating and drinking, drug abuse and alcohol, sexual activity and hormones, pregnancy, development and endocrinology, mental illness and mood, seizures and neurologic disorders, electrical-related activity and neurophysiology, general activity and locomotion, gastrointestinal, renal and hepatic functions, cardiovascular responses, respiration and thermoregulation, and immunological responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Bodnar
- Department of Psychology and CUNY Neuroscience Collaborative, Queens College, City University of New York, Flushing, NY 11367, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Calo' G, Rizzi A, Ruzza C, Ferrari F, Pacifico S, Gavioli EC, Salvadori S, Guerrini R. Peptide welding technology - A simple strategy for generating innovative ligands for G protein coupled receptors. Peptides 2018; 99:195-204. [PMID: 29031796 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Based on their high selectivity of action and low toxicity, naturally occurring peptides have great potential in terms of drug development. However, the pharmacokinetic properties of peptides, in particular their half life, are poor. Among different strategies developed for reducing susceptibility to peptidases, and thus increasing the duration of action of peptides, the generation of branched peptides has been described. However, the synthesis and purification of branched peptides are extremely complicated thus limiting their druggability. Here we present a novel and facile synthesis of tetrabranched peptides acting as GPCR ligands and their in vitro and vivo pharmacological characterization. Tetrabranched derivatives of nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ), N/OFQ related peptides, opioid peptides, tachykinins, and neuropeptide S were generated with the strategy named peptide welding technology (PWT) and characterized by high yield and purity of the desired final product. In general, PWT derivatives displayed a pharmacological profile similar to that of the natural sequence in terms of affinity, pharmacological activity, potency, and selectivity of action in vitro. More importantly, in vivo studies demonstrated that PWT peptides are characterized by increased potency associated with long lasting duration of action. In conclusion, PWT derivatives of biologically active peptides can be viewed as innovative pharmacological tools for investigating those conditions and states in which selective and prolonged receptor stimulation promotes beneficial effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Girolamo Calo'
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Medical Sciences, and National Institute of Neurosciences, University of Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Anna Rizzi
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Medical Sciences, and National Institute of Neurosciences, University of Ferrara, Italy
| | - Chiara Ruzza
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Medical Sciences, and National Institute of Neurosciences, University of Ferrara, Italy
| | - Federica Ferrari
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Medical Sciences, and National Institute of Neurosciences, University of Ferrara, Italy
| | - Salvatore Pacifico
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and LTTA, University of Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elaine C Gavioli
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Severo Salvadori
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and LTTA, University of Ferrara, Italy
| | - Remo Guerrini
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and LTTA, University of Ferrara, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Villar IC, Bubb KJ, Moyes AJ, Steiness E, Gulbrandsen T, Levy FO, Hobbs AJ. Functional pharmacological characterization of SER100 in cardiovascular health and disease. Br J Pharmacol 2016; 173:3386-3401. [PMID: 27667485 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE SER100 is a selective nociceptin (NOP) receptor agonist with sodium-potassium-sparing aquaretic and anti-natriuretic activity. This study was designed to characterize the functional cardiovascular pharmacology of SER100 in vitro and in vivo, including experimental models of cardiovascular disease. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Haemodynamic, ECG parameters and heart rate variability (HRV) were determined using radiotelemetry in healthy, conscious mice. The haemodynamic and vascular effects of SER100 were also evaluated in two models of cardiovascular disease, spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and murine hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (PH). To elucidate mechanisms underlying the pharmacology of SER100, acute blood pressure recordings were performed in anaesthetized mice, and the reactivity of rodent aorta and mesenteric arteries in response to electrical- and agonist-stimulation assessed. KEY RESULTS SER100 caused NOP receptor-dependent reductions in mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate that were independent of NO. The hypotensive and vasorelaxant actions of SER100 were potentiated in SHR compared with Wistar Kyoto. Moreover, SER100 reduced several indices of disease severity in experimental PH. Analysis of HRV indicated that SER100 decreased the low/high frequency ratio, an indicator of sympatho-vagal balance, and in electrically stimulated mouse mesenteric arteries SER100 inhibited sympathetic-induced contractions. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS SER100 exerts a chronic hypotensive and bradycardic effects in rodents, including models of systemic and pulmonary hypertension. SER100 produces its cardiovascular effects, at least in part, by inhibition of cardiac and vascular sympathetic activity. SER100 may represent a novel therapeutic candidate in systemic and pulmonary hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada C Villar
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Kristen J Bubb
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Amie J Moyes
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | | | | | - Finn Olav Levy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Adrian J Hobbs
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|