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Zhan Y, Wang R, Huang C, Xu X, Xiao X, Wu L, Wei J, Long T, Gao C. Digitoxin inhibits ICC cell properties via the NF‑κB/ST6GAL1 signaling pathway. Oncol Rep 2024; 52:103. [PMID: 38940341 PMCID: PMC11229393 DOI: 10.3892/or.2024.8762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a type of liver cancer associated with poor prognosis and increased mortality; the limited treatment strategy highlights the urgent need for investigation. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), used alone or in combination with other treatments, can enhance therapeutic efficacy, improve life quality of patients and extend overall survival. In total, two rounds of screening of a TCM library of 2,538 active compounds were conducted using a Cell Counting Kit‑8 assay and ICC cell lines. Cell proliferation and migration abilities were assessed through colony formation, 5‑ethynyl‑2'‑deoxyuridine, would healing and Transwell assays. The impact of digitoxin (DT) on signaling pathways was initially investigated using RNA sequencing and further validated using reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR, western blotting, lectin blotting and flow cytometry. ICC cells stably overexpressing ST6 β‑galactoside α‑2,6‑sialyltransferase 1 (ST6GAL1) were generated through lentiviral transfection. It was shown that DT emerged as a highly effective anti‑ICC candidate from two rounds high‑throughput library screening. DT could inhibit the proliferation and migration of ICC cells by suppressing NF‑κB activation and reducing nuclear phosphorylated‑NF‑κB levels, along with diminishing ST6GAL1 mRNA and protein expression. The aforementioned biological effects and signal pathways of DT could be counteracted by overexpressing ST6GAL1 in ICC cells. In conclusion, DT suppressed ICC cell proliferation and migration by targeting the NF‑κB/ST6GAL1 signaling axis. The findings of the present study indicated the promising therapeutic effects of DT in managing ICC, offering new avenues for treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueping Zhan
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine Center, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, P.R. China
| | - Rong Wang
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine Center, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, P.R. China
| | - Chenjun Huang
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine Center, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, P.R. China
| | - Xuewen Xu
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine Center, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine Center, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, P.R. China
| | - Linlin Wu
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine Center, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, P.R. China
| | - Jiao Wei
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine Center, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, P.R. China
| | - Tian Long
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine Center, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, P.R. China
| | - Chunfang Gao
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine Center, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, P.R. China
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Kaur G, Devi S, Sharma A, Sood P. Pharmacological insights and role of bufalin (bufadienolides) in inflammation modulation: a narrative review. Inflammopharmacology 2024:10.1007/s10787-024-01517-9. [PMID: 39012431 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01517-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Bufadienolides, specifically bufalin, have garnered attention for their potential therapeutic application in modulating inflammatory pathways. Bufalin is derived from toad venom and exhibits promising anti-inflammatory properties. Its anti-inflammatory effects have been demonstrated by influencing crucial signaling pathways like NF-B, MAPK, and JAK-STAT, resulting in the inhibition of pro-inflammatory substances like cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules. Bufalin blocks inflammasome activation and reduces oxidative stress, hence increasing its anti-inflammatory properties. Bufalin has shown effectiveness in reducing inflammation-related diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular problems, and autoimmune ailments in preclinical investigations. Furthermore, producing new approaches of medication delivery and combining therapies with bufalin shows potential for improving its effectiveness and reducing adverse effects. This review explores the pharmacological effects and mechanistic approaches of bufalin as an anti-inflammatory agent, which further highlights its potential for therapy and offers the basis for further study on its therapeutic application in inflammation-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gagandeep Kaur
- Chitkara University School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Baddi, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Sushma Devi
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India.
| | - Akhil Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Parul Sood
- Chitkara University School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Baddi, Himachal Pradesh, India
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3
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Boscaro C, Schimdt G, Cignarella A, Dal Maso L, Bolego C, Trevisi L. The antiangiogenic effect of digitoxin is dependent on a ROS-elicited RhoA/ROCK pathway activation. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 222:116049. [PMID: 38342347 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
We previously showed that digitoxin inhibits angiogenesis and cancer cell proliferation and migration and these effects were associated to protein tyrosine kinase 2 (FAK) inhibition. Considering the interactions between FAK and Rho GTPases regulating cell cytoskeleton and movement, we investigated the involvement of RhoA and Rac1 in the antiangiogenic effect of digitoxin. Phalloidin staining of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) showed the formation of stress fibers in cells treated with 10 nM digitoxin. By Rhotekin- and Pak1- pull down assays, detecting the GTP-bound form of GTPases, we observed that digitoxin (10-25 nM) induced sustained (0.5-6 h) RhoA activation with no effect on Rac1. Furthermore, inhibition of HUVEC migration and capillary-like tube formation by digitoxin was counteracted by hindering RhoA-ROCK axis with RhoA silencing or Y-27632 treatment. Digitoxin did not decrease p190RhoGAP phosphorylation at Tyr1105 (a site targeted by FAK), suggesting that RhoA activation was independent from FAK inhibition. Because increasing evidence points to a redox regulation of RhoA, we measured intracellular ROS and found that digitoxin treatment enhanced ROS levels in a concentration-dependent manner (1-25 nM). Notably, the flavoprotein inhibitor DPI or the pan-NADPH oxidase (NOX) inhibitor VAS-2870 antagonized both ROS increase and RhoA activation by digitoxin. Our results provide evidence that inhibition of HUVEC migration and tube formation by digitoxin is dependent on ROS production by endothelial NOX, which leads to the activation of RhoA/ROCK pathway. Digitoxin effects on proteins regulating cytoskeletal organization and cell motility could have a wider impact on cancer progression, beyond the antiangiogenic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gudula Schimdt
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Lucia Dal Maso
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Chiara Bolego
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Lucia Trevisi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
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Bokhari SZ, Aloss K, Leroy Viana PH, Schvarcz CA, Besztercei B, Giunashvili N, Bócsi D, Koós Z, Balogh A, Benyó Z, Hamar P. Digoxin-Mediated Inhibition of Potential Hypoxia-Related Angiogenic Repair in Modulated Electro-Hyperthermia (mEHT)-Treated Murine Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Model. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2024; 7:456-466. [PMID: 38357275 PMCID: PMC10863435 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive breast cancer type with no targeted therapy and hence limited treatment options. Modulated electrohyperthermia (mEHT) is a novel complementary therapy where a 13.56 MHz radiofrequency current targets cancer cells selectively, inducing tumor damage by thermal and electromagnetic effects. We observed severe vascular damage in mEHT-treated tumors and investigated the potential synergism between mEHT and inhibition of tumor vasculature recovery in our TNBC mouse model. 4T1/4T07 isografts were orthotopically inoculated and treated three to five times with mEHT. mEHT induced vascular damage 4-12 h after treatment, leading to tissue hypoxia detected at 24 h. Hypoxia in treated tumors induced an angiogenic recovery 24 h after the last treatment. Administration of the cardiac glycoside digoxin with the potential hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α (HIF1-α) and angiogenesis inhibitory effects could synergistically augment mEHT-mediated tumor damage and reduce tissue hypoxia signaling and consequent vascular recovery in mEHT-treated TNBC tumors. Conclusively, repeated mEHT induced vascular damage and hypoxic stress in TNBC that promoted vascular recovery. Inhibiting this hypoxic stress signaling enhanced the effectiveness of mEHT and may potentially enhance other forms of cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kenan Aloss
- Institute
of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest 1085, Hungary
| | | | - Csaba András Schvarcz
- Institute
of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest 1085, Hungary
- Cerebrovascular
and Neurocognitive Disorders Research Group, Eötvös, Loránd Research Network and Semmelweis
University (ELKH-SE), Tűzoltó utca 37-47, Budapest 1094, Hungary
| | - Balázs Besztercei
- Institute
of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest 1085, Hungary
| | - Nino Giunashvili
- Institute
of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest 1085, Hungary
| | - Dániel Bócsi
- Institute
of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest 1085, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Koós
- Institute
of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest 1085, Hungary
| | - Andrea Balogh
- Institute
of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest 1085, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Benyó
- Institute
of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest 1085, Hungary
| | - Péter Hamar
- Institute
of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest 1085, Hungary
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Carlos ACAM, Lemos JVM, Borges MMF, Albuquerque MCP, Sousa FB, Alves APNN, Dantas TS, Silva PGDB. Interleukin-17 plays a role in dental pulp inflammation mediated by zoledronic acid: a mechanism unrelated to the Th17 immune response? J Appl Oral Sci 2023; 31:e20230230. [PMID: 37820184 PMCID: PMC10567106 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2023-0230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the influence of RORγT inhibition by digoxin on inflammatory changes related to interleukin-17 (IL-17) in the pulp of rats treated with zoledronate (ZOL). METHODOLOGY Forty male Wistar rats were divided into a negative control group (NCG) treated with saline solution, a positive control group (PCG) treated with ZOL (0.20 mg/kg), and three groups treated with ZOL and co-treated with digoxin 1, 2, or 4 mg/kg (DG1, 2, and 4). After four intravenous administrations of ZOL or saline solution in a 70-day protocol, the right molars were evaluated by histomorphometry (number of blood vessels, blood vessels/µm2, cells/µm2, total blood vessel area, and average blood vessel area) and immunohistochemistry (IL-17, TNF-α, IL-6, and TGF-β). The Kruskal-Wallis/Dunn test was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS PCG showed an increase in total blood vessel area (p=0.008) and average blood vessel area (p=0.014), and digoxin treatment reversed these changes. DG4 showed a reduction in blood vessels/µm2 (p<0.001). In PCG odontoblasts, there was an increase in IL-17 (p=0.002) and TNF-α (p=0.002) immunostaining, and in DG4, these changes were reversed. Odontoblasts in the digoxin-treated groups also showed an increase in IL-6 immunostaining (p<0.001) and a reduction in TGF-β immunostaining (p=0.002), and all ZOL-treated groups showed an increase in IL-17 (p=0.011) and TNF-α (p=0.017) in non-odontoblasts cells. CONCLUSION ZOL induces TNF-α- and IL-17-dependent vasodilation and ectasia, and the classical Th17 response activation pathway does not seem to participate in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José Vitor Mota Lemos
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departmento de Patologia Oral, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil
| | | | | | - Fabrício Bitu Sousa
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departmento de Patologia Oral, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil
- Centro Universitário Christus, Departamento de Patologia, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil
| | | | - Thinali Sousa Dantas
- Centro Universitário Christus, Departamento de Patologia, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil
| | - Paulo Goberlânio de Barros Silva
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departmento de Patologia Oral, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil
- Centro Universitário Christus, Departamento de Patologia, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil
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Weidemann H, Feger D, Ehlert JE, Menger MM, Krempien RC. Markedly divergent effects of Ouabain on a Temozolomide-resistant (T98G) vs. a Temozolomide-sensitive (LN229) Glioblastoma cell line. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:27. [PMID: 36840822 PMCID: PMC9968366 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00633-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumor with poor prognosis. GMB are highly recurrent mainly because of radio- and chemoresistance. Radiotherapy with Temozolomide (TMZ) is until today the golden standard adjuvant therapy, however, the optimal treatment of recurrent glioblastoma remains controversial. Ouabain belongs to the Cardiotonic Steroids (CTS) the natural ligands of the Na/K-ATPase (NKA). It is established that the NKA represents a signal transducer with either stimulating or inhibiting cell growth, apoptosis, migration and angiogenesis. Over the last decade evidence grew that CTS have anti-tumor properties especially in GBM. AIM Proceeding from recent studies we wanted to further demonstrate a divergent effect of Ouabain on a TMZ-resistant (T98G) as compared to a TMZ-sensitive (LN229) GBM cell line. METHODS We analyzed the effect of Ouabain on cell migration and plasma cell membrane potential (PCMP) in the LN229 and T98G GBM cell line as well as underlying mechanisms (Bcl-2 and p-Akt/pan-Akt expression). Moreover, we analyzed the anti-angiogenic effect of Ouabain on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). RESULTS T98G cells showed a significant inhibition of cell migration and a significant depolarization of the PCMP at similar Ouabain concentrations (IC50 = 1.67 × 10-7 M) resp. (IC50 = 2.72 × 10-7 M) with a strong inverse correlation (R2 = 0.95). In contrast, LN229 cells did not respond to Ouabain in these assays at all. Similarly, only T98G but not LN229 cells revealed Bcl-2 down-regulation at nanomolar Ouabain concentrations. This unique response to Ouabain is associated with a down-regulation of pan-Akt in T98G cells 24 h after Ouabain (1.0 × 10-6 M) treatment. For the first time, the anti-angiogenic effect of Ouabain on HUVEC cells (IC50 = 5.49 × 10-8 M) was demonstrated which correlated strongly with the anti-migratory effect (R2 = 0.85). CONCLUSION The TMZ-resistant T98G cell line as compared to the TMZ-sensitive LN229 cell line shows a high sensitivity towards Ouabain. We consider it as a promising new compound especially in recurrent GBM to overcome the resistance to TMZ and irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidrun Weidemann
- Clinic for Radiotherapy, HELIOS Hospital Berlin-Buch, Schwanebecker Chaussee 50, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Feger
- Reaction Biology Europe GmbH, Engesserstr.4, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jan E. Ehlert
- Reaction Biology Europe GmbH, Engesserstr.4, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marcus M. Menger
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Branch Bioanalytics and Bioprocesses (IZI-BB), Am Mühlenberg13, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Robert C. Krempien
- Clinic for Radiotherapy, HELIOS Hospital Berlin-Buch, Schwanebecker Chaussee 50, 13125 Berlin, Germany
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Abady MM, Jeong JS, Kwon HJ. Development and validation of an analytical method using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for the therapeutic drug monitoring of seven cardiovascular drugs in clinical usage. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2023; 1214:123552. [PMID: 36469961 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of cardiovascular drugs is essential to improve treatment efficacy and minimize toxicity because of the usage of multiple drugs with a very limited therapeutic range and the high pharmacokinetic variation in patients. We developed and validated a reliable and economical liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the determination of seven cardiovascular drugs-procainamide, lidocaine, quinidine, deslanoside, digoxin, atorvastatin, and digitoxin-for clinical usage. Serum samples were prepared by simple protein precipitation with an organic solvent consisting of acetonitrile and methanol (2:1 v/v) and analyzed under optimized LC-MS/MS conditions. The chromatographic separations were accomplished within 15 min on a reversed-phase C18 column with a gradient elution of aqueous solvent and acetonitrile while maintaining 0.1 (v/v) % formic acid and 2 mM ammonium formate. The optimized MS/MS conditions in ESI-positive mode offered sufficient sensitivity for the seven cardiovascular drugs (LOQs between 0.5 and 1 ng/mL). This method was fully validated including linearity, selectivity, accuracy, precision, carry-over, and matrix effects. Additionally, stability under several conditions was tested to determine how to handle the standard solutions and serum samples. The seven cardiovascular drugs, simultaneously, were precisely and accurately analyzed in intra- and inter-day assays (RSD < 6 % and recovery between 96.3 and 102.8 %) using only two isotope-labeled internal standards (lidocaine-(diethyl-d10) and digoxin-21, 21, 22-d3). The presented method also showed good accuracy in analyzing the seven drugs in hyperlipidemia, hyperalbuminemia, and hyperglycemia serum, allowing it to be recommended as a common and routine analysis method for cardiovascular drugs in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam M Abady
- Biometrology Group, Division of Chemical and Biological Metrology, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea; Department of Bio-Analytical Science, University of Science and Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea; Department of Nutrition and Food Science, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Ji-Seon Jeong
- Biometrology Group, Division of Chemical and Biological Metrology, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea; Department of Bio-Analytical Science, University of Science and Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha-Jeong Kwon
- Biometrology Group, Division of Chemical and Biological Metrology, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea.
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Jiang X, Xu X, Song S, Kuang H, Liu L, Xu L, Xu C. Colloidal gold-based immunochromatographic strip for the detection of digitoxin in human plasma. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjac.2022.100220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Gender differences and pharmacological regulation of angiogenesis induced by synovial fluids in inflammatory arthritis. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 152:113181. [PMID: 35653890 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Several mediators including cytokines, growth factors and metalloproteinases (MMP) modulate pathological angiogenesis associated with inflammatory arthritis. The biological factors underlying sex disparities in the incidence and severity of rheumatic musculoskeletal diseases are only partially understood. We hypothesized that synovial fluids (SFs) from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) patients would impact on endothelial biology in a sexually dimorphic fashion. Immune cell counts and levels of pro-angiogenic cytokines found in SFs from RA and PsA patients (n = 17) were higher than in osteoarthritis patients (n = 6). Synovial VEGF concentration was significantly higher in male than in female RA patients. Zymography revealed that SFs comprised solely MMP-9 and MMP-2, with significantly higher MMP-9 levels in male than female RA patients. Using in vitro approaches that mimic the major steps of the angiogenic process, SFs from RA and PsA patients induced endothelial migration and formation of capillary-like structures compared to control. Notably, endothelial cells from female donors displayed enhanced angiogenic response to SFs with respect to males. Treatment with the established anti-angiogenic agent digitoxin prevented activation of focal adhesion kinase and SF-induced in vitro angiogenesis. Thus, despite higher synovial VEGF and MMP-9 levels in male patients, the responsiveness of vascular endothelium to SF priming was higher in females, suggesting that gender differences in angiogenic responses were mainly related to the endothelial genotype. These findings may have implications for pathogenesis and targeted therapies of inflammatory arthritis.
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WANG T, YANG L, XIE Y, CHENG S, XIONG M, LUO X. [An injectable hydrogel/staple fiber composite for sustained release of CA4P and doxorubicin for combined chemotherapy of xenografted breast tumor in mice]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2022; 42:625-632. [PMID: 35673904 PMCID: PMC9178649 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2022.05.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To prepare an injectable hydrogel/staple fiber composite loaded with combretastain A-4 disodium phosphate (CA4P) and doxorubicin (DOX) and evaluate its antitumor efficacy via intratumoral injection. METHODS DOX-loaded PELA staple fibers (FDOX) were prepared using electro-spinning and cryo-cutting, and the drug distribution on the surface of the fibers was observed using a fluorescence microscope, and the encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity of FDOX were determined with a fluorospectro photometer. The fibers were then dispersed in CA4P-loaded PLGA-PEG-PLGA tri-block polymer solution at room temperature to obtain the hydrogel/staple fiber composite (GCA4P/FDOX). The thermo-sensitivity of this composite was determined by a test tube inverting method. An ultraviolet spectrophotometer and a fluorospectrophotometer were used to detect the release profile of CA4P and DOX, respectively. We observed in vivo gel formation of the composite after subcutaneous injection in mice. The in vitro cytotoxicity of GCA4P/FDOX composite in MCF-7 and 4T1 cells was assessed using cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) reagent. In a mouse model bearing breast tumor 4T1 cell xenograft, we evaluated the antitumor efficacy of the composite by monitoring tumor growth within 30 days after intratumoral injection of the composite. HE staining, immunohistochemistry for Ki67 and immunofluorescence (TUNEL) assay were used for pathological examination of the tumor tissues 21 days after the treatments. RESULTS The average length of FDOX was 4.0±1.3 μm, and its drug loading capacity was (2.69±0.35)% with an encapsulation efficiency of (89.70±0.12)%. DOX was well distributed on the surface of the fibers. When the temperature increased to 37 ℃, the composite rapidly solidified to form a gel in vitro. Drug release behavior test showed that CA4P was completely released from the composite in 5 days and 87% of DOX was released in 30 days. After subcutaneous injection, the composite solidified rapidly without degradation at 24 h after injection. After incubation with GCA4P/FDOX for 72 h, only 30.6% of MCF-7 cells and 28.9% of 4T1 cells were viable. In the tumor-bearing mice, the tumor volume was 771.9±76.9 mm3 in GCA4P/FDOX treatment group at 30 days. Pathological examination revealed obvious necrosis of the tumor tissues and tumor cell apoptosis induced by intratumoral injection of G4A4P/FDOX. CONCLUSION As an efficient dual drug delivery system, this hydrogel/staple fiber composite provides a new strategy for local combined chemotherapy of solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting WANG
- />School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China成都医学院公共卫生学院,四川 成都 610500
| | - Ling YANG
- />School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China成都医学院公共卫生学院,四川 成都 610500
| | - Yuhan XIE
- />School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China成都医学院公共卫生学院,四川 成都 610500
| | - Siyu CHENG
- />School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China成都医学院公共卫生学院,四川 成都 610500
| | - Min XIONG
- />School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China成都医学院公共卫生学院,四川 成都 610500
| | - Xiaoming LUO
- />School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China成都医学院公共卫生学院,四川 成都 610500
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Hafner S, Schmiech M, Lang SJ. The Cardenolide Glycoside Acovenoside A Interferes with Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Trafficking in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:611657. [PMID: 34025398 PMCID: PMC8133365 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.611657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardenolide glycosides are natural compounds known to inhibit the ion pumping function of the Na+/K+-ATPase in cellular systems. Interestingly, various cancer cell types are highly susceptible to cardenolide glycosides. Herein, we explore the cardenolide glycoside Acovenoside A (AcoA) with respect to its influences on human A549 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. We found that exposure to AcoA, digoxin and ouabain increases intracellular sodium and ATP levels indicating that the ion pumping function of the transmembrane Na+/K+-ATPase is effectively inhibited. Like digoxin and ouabain, AcoA inhibits transcription factor NF-κB activation and induces apoptotic cell death in NSCLC cells. This was confirmed by a preclinical in vivo model in which AcoA treatment of NSCLC xenografts grown on chick chorioallantoic membranes inhibited the expression of proliferation antigen Ki-67 and induced apoptotic DNA strand breaks. We aimed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. The Na+/K+-ATPase transmembrane complex contains Src kinase and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Indeed, we found that AcoA activates Src kinase in A549 cells, but not in a cell-free assay using recombinant Src kinase. Src kinase is a downstream target of EGFR, and correlation analysis using the NCI60 database pointed to a role of EGFR in cardenolide glycoside-induced cancer cell death. Accordingly, NSCLC cells expressing hyperphosphorylated EGFRmut exhibited resistance to AcoA. To investigate the interaction between cardenolide glycosides and EGFR in detail, we performed immunoblotting studies: Whereas ligand binding and EGFR phosphorylation were not significantly affected, ubiquitinated EGFR accumulated after prolonged incubation with AcoA. To visualize EGFR trafficking we used A549 cells transfected with a fluorescent biosensor which binds to activated EGFR. Pretreatment with AcoA and digoxin induced accumulation of EGFR in endosomal compartments thus inhibiting EGF-induced EGFR degradation comparable to the Na+ ionophore monensin, a known inducer of EGFR endosomal arrest. Intracellular Na+ concentrations regulate EGFR trafficking and signaling. Na+ homeostasis is maintained by the Na+/K+-ATPase, which might account for its close interaction with the EGFR. Cardenolide glycosides inhibit the ATP-dependent Na+/K+ exchange through the Na+/K+-ATPase resulting in higher intracellular Na+ levels. Our data provide first evidence that this impedes efficient EGFR trafficking at the endosomal compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Hafner
- Institute of Pharmacology of Natural Products and Clinical Pharmacology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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12
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Tai CJ, Yang YH, Tseng TG, Chang FR, Wang HC. Association Between Digoxin Use and Cancer Incidence: A Propensity Score-Matched Cohort Study With Competing Risk Analysis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:564097. [PMID: 33867973 PMCID: PMC8044813 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.564097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Previous studies neglected death as a critical competing risk while estimating the cancer risk for digoxin users. Therefore, the current study aims to assess the effectiveness of digoxin on cancer prevention by competing risk analysis. Methods: We performed a population-based retrospective cohort study using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research database between 1998 and 2010. After one-to-one propensity score-matching from 36,160 patients with defined criteria, we enrolled 758 patients both in digoxin and β-blocker group for further analysis. Results: The results showed that the digoxin group had higher all-cause mortality than the β-blocker group in the 4- year (10.4 vs. 4.9%) and 8 years (13.6 vs. 7.0%) follow-up. The subdistribution HR of cancer incidence in the digoxin group compared to the β-blocker group was 1.99 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.22-3.01) and 1.46 (95% CI: 1.01-2.15) in the 4 years and 8 years follow-up, respectively. Conclusions: The result of our study showed the usage of digoxin has no benefit in cancer prevention compared with β-blocker. The possibility of β-blocker as a new drug candidate for cancer prevention needs further clinical evaluation. The current study also emphasized the necessity of competing risk analysis applying to similar clinical researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Jung Tai
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, Pingtung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsin Yang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tzyy-Guey Tseng
- Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Rong Chang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chun Wang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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13
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Bejček J, Spiwok V, Kmoníčková E, Rimpelová S. Na +/K +-ATPase Revisited: On Its Mechanism of Action, Role in Cancer, and Activity Modulation. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26071905. [PMID: 33800655 PMCID: PMC8061769 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26071905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of Na+ and K+ gradients across the cell plasma membrane is an essential process for mammalian cell survival. An enzyme responsible for this process, sodium-potassium ATPase (NKA), has been currently extensively studied as a potential anticancer target, especially in lung cancer and glioblastoma. To date, many NKA inhibitors, mainly of natural origin from the family of cardiac steroids (CSs), have been reported and extensively studied. Interestingly, upon CS binding to NKA at nontoxic doses, the role of NKA as a receptor is activated and intracellular signaling is triggered, upon which cancer cell death occurs, which lies in the expression of different NKA isoforms than in healthy cells. Two major CSs, digoxin and digitoxin, originally used for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias, are also being tested for another indication—cancer. Such drug repositioning has a big advantage in smoother approval processes. Besides this, novel CS derivatives with improved performance are being developed and evaluated in combination therapy. This article deals with the NKA structure, mechanism of action, activity modulation, and its most important inhibitors, some of which could serve not only as a powerful tool to combat cancer, but also help to decipher the so-far poorly understood NKA regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Bejček
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic; (J.B.); (V.S.)
| | - Vojtěch Spiwok
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic; (J.B.); (V.S.)
| | - Eva Kmoníčková
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Plzeňská 311, 150 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Silvie Rimpelová
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic; (J.B.); (V.S.)
- Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-220-444-360
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14
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Cignarella A, Fadini GP, Bolego C, Trevisi L, Boscaro C, Sanga V, Seccia TM, Rosato A, Rossi GP, Barton M. Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Angiogenesis Inhibitors: Sex Differences and Current Challenges. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 118:988-1003. [PMID: 33739385 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vasoactive molecules, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and endothelins, share cytokine-like activities and regulate endothelial cell (EC) growth, migration and inflammation. Some endothelial mediators and their receptors are targets for currently approved angiogenesis inhibitors, drugs that are either monoclonal antibodies raised towards VEGF, or inhibitors of vascular receptor protein kinases and signaling pathways. Pharmacological interference with the protective functions of ECs results in a similar spectrum of adverse effects. Clinically, the most common side effects of VEGF signaling pathway inhibition include an increase in arterial pressure, left ventricular (LV) dysfunction ultimately causing heart failure, and thromboembolic events, including pulmonary embolism, stroke, and myocardial infarction. Sex steroids such as androgens, progestins, and estrogen and their receptors (ERα, ERβ, GPER; PR-A, PR-B; AR) have been identified as important modifiers of angiogenesis, and sex differences have been reported for anti-angiogenic drugs. This review article discusses the current challenges clinicians are facing with regard to angiogenesis inhibitor treatments, including the need to consider sex differences affecting clinical efficacy and safety. We also propose areas for future research taking into account the role of sex hormone receptors and sex chromosomes. Development of new sex-specific drugs with improved target and cell-type selectivity likely will open the way personalized medicine in men and women requiring antiangiogenic therapy and result in reduced adverse effects and improved therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gian Paolo Fadini
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Italy.,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - Chiara Bolego
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Lucia Trevisi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Carlotta Boscaro
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Viola Sanga
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Rosato
- Venetian Cancer Institute IOV - IRCCS, Padova, Italy.,Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Italy
| | | | - Matthias Barton
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Italy.,Molecular Internal Medicine, University of Zürich, Switzerland.,Andreas Grüntzig Foundation, Zürich, Switzerland
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15
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Silva CID, Gonçalves-de-Albuquerque CF, Moraes BPTD, Garcia DG, Burth P. Na/K-ATPase: Their role in cell adhesion and migration in cancer. Biochimie 2021; 185:1-8. [PMID: 33713729 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Na/K-ATPase (NKA) is a p-type transmembrane enzyme formed by three different subunits (α, β, and γ gamma). Primarily responsible for transporting sodium and potassium through the cell membrane, it also plays a critical role in intracellular signaling. The activation of diverse intracellular pathways may trigger cell death, survival, or even cell proliferation. Changes in the NKA functions or expression in isoforms subunits impact pathological conditions, such as cancer. The NKA function affects cell adhesion, motility, and migration, which are different in the physiological and pathological states. All enzyme subunits take part in the cell adhesion process, with the β subunit being the most studied. Thus, herein we aim to highlight NKA' central role in cell adhesion, motility, and migration in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Ignácio da Silva
- Laboratório de Enzimologia e Sinalização Celular, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil; Pós-Graduação em Ciências e Biotecnologia Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Cassiano Felippe Gonçalves-de-Albuquerque
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Laboratorio de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Bianca Portugal Tavares de Moraes
- Laboratorio de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Diogo Gomes Garcia
- Laboratório de Neurociências Translacional, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurologia, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Burth
- Laboratório de Enzimologia e Sinalização Celular, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil; Pós-Graduação em Ciências e Biotecnologia Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil.
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16
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Shah S, Chand K, Rekadwad B, Shouche YS, Sharma J, Pant B. A prospectus of plant growth promoting endophytic bacterium from orchid (Vanda cristata). BMC Biotechnol 2021; 21:16. [PMID: 33618710 PMCID: PMC7901085 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-021-00676-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A plant growth-promoting endophytic bacterium PVL1 isolated from the leaf of Vanda cristata has the ability to colonize with roots of plants and protect the plant. PVL1 was isolated using laboratory synthetic media. 16S rRNA gene sequencing method has been employed for identification before and after root colonization ability. Results Original isolated and remunerated strain from colonized roots were identified as Bacillus spp. as per EzBiocloud database. The presence of bacteria in the root section of the plantlet was confirmed through Epifluorescence microscopy of colonized roots. The in-vitro plantlet colonized by PVL1 as well as DLMB attained higher growth than the control. PVL1 capable of producing plant beneficial phytohormone under in vitro cultivation. HPLC and GC-MS analysis suggest that colonized plants contain Indole Acetic Acid (IAA). The methanol extract of Bacillus spp., contains 0.015 μg in 1 μl concentration of IAA. PVL1 has the ability to produce antimicrobial compounds such as ethyl iso-allocholate, which exhibits immune restoring property. One-way ANOVA shows that results were statistically significant at P ≤ 0.05 level. Conclusions Hence, it has been concluded that Bacillus spp. PVL1 can promote plant growth through secretion of IAA during root colonization and ethyl iso-allocholate to protect plants from foreign infections. Thus, this study supports to support Koch’s postulates of bacteria establishment. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12896-021-00676-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujit Shah
- Central Department of Botany, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal. .,Daffodil Agro Biological Research Center, Lalitpur, Nepal.
| | - Krishna Chand
- Central Department of Botany, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Bhagwan Rekadwad
- Current Address: Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), University Road, Deralakatte, Mangalore, 575018, Karnataka, India.,National Centre for Microbial Resource, National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411021, India
| | - Yogesh S Shouche
- National Centre for Microbial Resource, National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411021, India
| | - Jyotsna Sharma
- Department of Plant Science and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Bijaya Pant
- Central Department of Botany, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal.
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17
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Boscaro C, Trenti A, Baggio C, Scapin C, Trevisi L, Cignarella A, Bolego C. Sex Differences in the Pro-Angiogenic Response of Human Endothelial Cells: Focus on PFKFB3 and FAK Activation. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:587221. [PMID: 33390959 PMCID: PMC7773665 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.587221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Female hormones and sex-specific factors are established determinants of endothelial function, yet their relative contribution to human endothelium phenotypes has not been defined. Using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) genotyped by donor's sex, we investigated the influence of sex and estrogenic agents on the main steps of the angiogenic process and on key proteins governing HUVEC metabolism and migratory properties. HUVECs from female donors (fHUVECs) showed increased viability (p < 0.01) and growth rate (p < 0.01) compared with those from males (mHUVECs). Despite higher levels of G-protein coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) in fHUVECs (p < 0.001), treatment with 17β-estradiol (E2) and the selective GPER agonist G1 (both 1-100 nM) did not affect HUVEC viability. Migration and tubularization in vitro under physiological conditions were higher in fHUVECs than in mHUVECs (p < 0.05). E2 treatment (1-100 nM) upregulated the glycolytic activator PFKFB3 with higher potency in fHUVECs than in mHUVECs, despite comparable baseline levels. Moreover, Y576/577 phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) was markedly enhanced in fHUVECs (p < 0.001), despite comparable Src activation levels. While the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 (25 µM) inhibited HUVEC migration (p < 0.05), Akt phosphorylation levels in fHUVECs and mHUVECs were comparable. Finally, digitoxin treatment, which inhibits Y576/577 FAK phosphorylation, abolished sexual dimorphism in HUVEC migration. These findings unravel complementary modulation of HUVEC functional phenotypes and signaling molecules involved in angiogenesis by hormone microenvironment and sex-specific factors, and highlight the need for sex-oriented pharmacological targeting of endothelial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Boscaro
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Baggio
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Chiara Scapin
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Lucia Trevisi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Bolego
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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18
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Smolarczyk R, Czapla J, Jarosz-Biej M, Czerwinski K, Cichoń T. Vascular disrupting agents in cancer therapy. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 891:173692. [PMID: 33130277 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tumor blood vessel formation is a key process for tumor expansion. Tumor vessels are abnormal and differ from normal vessels in architecture and components. Besides oxygen and nutrients supply, the tumor vessels system, due to its abnormality, is responsible for: hypoxia formation, and metastatic routes. Tumor blood vessels can be a target of anti-cancer therapies. There are two types of therapies that target tumor vessels. The first one is the inhibition of the angiogenesis process. However, the inhibition is often ineffective because of alternative angiogenesis mechanism activation. The second type is a specific targeting of existing tumor blood vessels by vascular disruptive agents (VDAs). There are three groups of VDAs: microtubule destabilizing drugs, flavonoids with anti-vascular functions, and tumor vascular targeted drugs based on endothelial cell receptors. However, VDAs possess some limitations. They may be cardiotoxic and their application in therapy may leave viable residual, so called, rim cells on the edge of the tumor. However, it seems that a well-designed combination of VDAs with other anti-cancer drugs may bring a significant therapeutic effect. In this article, we describe three groups of vascular disruptive agents with their advantages and disadvantages. We mention VDAs clinical trials. Finally, we present the current possibilities of VDAs combination with other anti-cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryszard Smolarczyk
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeże Armii Krajowej Street 15, 44-102, Gliwice, Poland.
| | - Justyna Czapla
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeże Armii Krajowej Street 15, 44-102, Gliwice, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Jarosz-Biej
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeże Armii Krajowej Street 15, 44-102, Gliwice, Poland.
| | - Kyle Czerwinski
- University of Manitoba, Faculty of Science. 66 Chancellors Cir, Winnipeg, Canada.
| | - Tomasz Cichoń
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeże Armii Krajowej Street 15, 44-102, Gliwice, Poland.
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19
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Zhao C, Li S, Zhang J, Huang Y, Zhang L, Zhao F, Du X, Hou J, Zhang T, Shi C, Wang P, Huo R, Woodman OL, Qin CX, Xu H, Huang L. Current state and future perspective of cardiovascular medicines derived from natural products. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 216:107698. [PMID: 33039419 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The contribution of natural products (NPs) to cardiovascular medicine has been extensively documented, and many have been used for centuries. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Over the past 40 years, approximately 50% of newly developed cardiovascular drugs were based on NPs, suggesting that NPs provide essential skeletal structures for the discovery of novel medicines. After a period of lower productivity since the 1990s, NPs have recently regained scientific and commercial attention, leveraging the wealth of knowledge provided by multi-omics, combinatorial biosynthesis, synthetic biology, integrative pharmacology, analytical and computational technologies. In addition, as a crucial part of complementary and alternative medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine has increasingly drawn attention as an important source of NPs for cardiovascular drug discovery. Given their structural diversity and biological activity NPs are one of the most valuable sources of drugs and drug leads. In this review, we briefly described the characteristics and classification of NPs in CVDs. Then, we provide an up to date summary on the therapeutic potential and the underlying mechanisms of action of NPs in CVDs, and the current view and future prospect of developing safer and more effective cardiovascular drugs based on NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhui Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Sen Li
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Junhong Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yuanyun Huang
- Biology Department, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, United States of America
| | - Luoqi Zhang
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xia Du
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 710003, China
| | - Jinli Hou
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Chenjing Shi
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Ruili Huo
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Owen L Woodman
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Cheng Xue Qin
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3800, Australia; School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University, Shandong 250100, China; Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong 250100, China.
| | - Haiyu Xu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Luqi Huang
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
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20
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Angiogenesis in Wound Healing following Pharmacological and Toxicological Exposures. CURRENT PATHOBIOLOGY REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40139-020-00212-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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21
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Lei Y, Gan H, Huang Y, Chen Y, Chen L, Shan A, Zhao H, Wu M, Li X, Ma Q, Wang J, Zhang E, Zhang J, Li Y, Xue F, Deng L. Digitoxin inhibits proliferation of multidrug-resistant HepG2 cells through G 2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:71. [PMID: 32863904 PMCID: PMC7436926 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a challenge in the medical field due to its high malignancy and mortality rates particularly for HCC, which has developed multidrug resistance. Therefore, the identification of efficient chemotherapeutic drugs for multidrug resistant HCC has become an urgent issue. Natural products have always been of significance in drug discovery. In the present study, a cell-based method was used to screen a natural compound library, which consisted of 78 compounds, and the doxorubicin-resistant cancer cell line, HepG2/ADM, as screening tools. The findings of the present study led to the shortlisting of one of the compounds, digitoxin, which displayed an inhibitory effect on HepG2/ADM cells, with 50% inhibitory concentration values of 132.65±3.83, 52.29±6.26, and 9.13±3.67 nM for 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively. Immunofluorescence, western blotting and cell cycle analyses revealed that digitoxin induced G2/M cell cycle arrest via the serine/threonine-protein kinase ATR (ATR)-serine/threonine-protein kinase Chk2 (CHK2)-M-phase inducer phosphatase 3 (CDC25C) signaling pathway in HepG2/ADM cells, which may have resulted from a DNA double-stranded break. Digitoxin also induced mitochondrial apoptosis, which was characterized by changes in the interaction between Bcl-2 and Bax, the release of cytochrome c, as well as the activation of the caspase-3 and −9. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first report that digitoxin displays an anti-HCC effect on HepG2/ADM cells through G2/M cell cycle arrest, which was mediated by the ATR-CHK2-CDC25C signaling pathway and mitochondrial apoptosis. Therefore, digitoxin could be a promising chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhe Lei
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518034, P.R. China
| | - Hua Gan
- Formula Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Yuqing Huang
- Formula Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Yueyue Chen
- Formula Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518034, P.R. China
| | - Aiyun Shan
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518034, P.R. China
| | - Huan Zhao
- Formula Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Mansi Wu
- Formula Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- Formula Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Qingyu Ma
- Formula Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Formula Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Enxin Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shenzhen Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518034, P.R. China
| | - Jiayan Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Huaihua University, Huaihua, Hunan 418000, P.R. China
| | - Yuanxiang Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Huaihua University, Huaihua, Hunan 418000, P.R. China
| | - Feifei Xue
- Formula Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Lijuan Deng
- Formula Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
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22
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Keiser J, Koch V, Deckers A, Cheung HTA, Jung N, Bräse S. Naturally Occurring Cardenolides Affecting Schistosoma mansoni. ACS Infect Dis 2020; 6:1922-1927. [PMID: 32364372 PMCID: PMC7359852 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease of considerable public health burden. We recently discovered a micromolar activity of several cardenolides against newly transformed schistosomula (NTS) of the parasitic flatworm Schistosoma mansoni in a small compound screen including different substance classes of both natural products as well as synthetic molecules. In further experiments, a focused library of naturally occurring and synthetic steroids was explored against NTS and adult S. mansoni, revealing seven cardenolides with comparable activities as known anthelminthics such as praziquantel. Of these, gomphoside monoacetate and uscharin showed suitable therapeutic indices. In a first in vivo study, at a dose of 10 mg/kg, only minor activity in mice harboring a chronic S. mansoni infection could be shown, which will be further investigated by structure-activity relationship studies as well as pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Keiser
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, CH-4051 Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Vanessa Koch
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Anke Deckers
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems, Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - H. T. Andrew Cheung
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Nicole Jung
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems, Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems, Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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23
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Hosseini M, Ayyari M, Meyfour A, Piacente S, Cerulli A, Crawford A, Pahlavan S. Cardenolide-rich fraction of Pergularia tomentosa as a novel Antiangiogenic agent mainly targeting endothelial cell migration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 28:533-543. [PMID: 32607956 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-020-00356-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Angiogenesis related abnormalities underlie several life-threatening disorders. Despite approved therapies, scientists have yet to develop highly efficient, low cost approaches with minimal side effects. METHODS We evaluated the antiangiogenic activity of 50% hydroalcoholic extracts of Pergularia tomentosa L. root and aerial parts along with their EtOAc and water fractions, in vivo and in vitro. Transgenic zebrafish line Tg(fli1:EGFP) was used for in vivo assay and human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) migration test along with possibility of tube formation were performed as in vitro tests. Furthermore, microvasculature in chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) was assessed under P. tomentosa treatment. The fractionation of the 50% hydroalcoholic extracts was led to the identification of the best active fraction in this study. The metabolite profiling of the active fraction was also carried out using LC-HRESIMS analysis. RESULTS Pergularia tomentosa markedly inhibited intersegmental vessel (ISV) formation at 48 h post-fertilization (hpf) embryos in zebrafish. The water fraction of root hydroalcoholic extract (PtR2), showed strong antiangiogenic effect with minimal adverse viability impacts. Over 80% of embryos showed more than 50% inhibition in their ISV development at 20 and 40 μg/mL. PtR2 at 20 μg/mL substantially reduced human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) migration up to 40%, considerable destruction of the formed tubes in the tube formation and microvasculature in CAM assays. Immunocytochemistry showed a marked reduction in vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin) abundance at cell junctions concurrent with substantial reduction of phospho-Akt (p-Akt) and β-catenin protein expressions. Phytochemical profile of PtR2 showed a rich source of cardenolide structures, including ghalakinoside, calactin and calotropin derivatives. CONCLUSION Thus, the P. tomentosa cardenolide-rich fraction (PtR2) may hold a considerable promise for an antiangiogenic impact by impairment of endothelial cell (EC) migration and viability. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahya Hosseini
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Banihashem Sq., Banihashem St., Resalat Highway, P.O. Box: 16635-148, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Ayyari
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anna Meyfour
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sonia Piacente
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | | | - Alexander Crawford
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sara Pahlavan
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Banihashem Sq., Banihashem St., Resalat Highway, P.O. Box: 16635-148, Tehran, Iran.
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24
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Schinner C, Olivares-Florez S, Schlipp A, Trenz S, Feinendegen M, Flaswinkel H, Kempf E, Egu DT, Yeruva S, Waschke J. The inotropic agent digitoxin strengthens desmosomal adhesion in cardiac myocytes in an ERK1/2-dependent manner. Basic Res Cardiol 2020; 115:46. [PMID: 32556797 PMCID: PMC7299919 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-020-0805-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Desmosomal proteins are components of the intercalated disc and mediate cardiac myocyte adhesion. Enhancement of cardiac myocyte cohesion, referred to as "positive adhesiotropy", was demonstrated to be a function of sympathetic signaling and to be relevant for a sufficient inotropic response. We used the inotropic agent digitoxin to investigate the link between inotropy and adhesiotropy. In contrast to wild-type hearts, digitoxin failed to enhance pulse pressure in perfused mice hearts lacking the desmosomal protein plakoglobin which was paralleled with abrogation of plaque thickening indicating that positive inotropic response requires intact desmosomal adhesion. Atomic force microscopy revealed that digitoxin increased the binding force of the adhesion molecule desmoglein-2 at cell-cell contact areas. This was paralleled by enhanced cardiac myocyte cohesion in both HL-1 cardiac myocytes and murine cardiac slices as determined by dissociation assays as well as by accumulation of desmosomal proteins at cell-cell contact areas. However, total protein levels or cytoskeletal anchorage were not affected. siRNA-mediated depletion of desmosomal proteins abrogated increase of cell cohesion demonstrating that intact desmosomal adhesion is required for positive adhesiotropy. Mechanistically, digitoxin caused activation of ERK1/2. In line with this, inhibition of ERK1/2 signaling abrogated the effects of digitoxin on cell-cell adhesion and desmosomal reorganization. These results show that the positive inotropic agent digitoxin enhances cardiac myocyte cohesion with reorganization of desmosomal proteins in an ERK1/2-dependent manner. Desmosomal adhesion seems to be important for a sufficient positive inotropic response of digitoxin treatment, which can be of medical relevance for the treatment of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Schinner
- Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Pettenkoferstraße 11, 80336, Munich, Germany
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Silvana Olivares-Florez
- Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Pettenkoferstraße 11, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Angela Schlipp
- Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Pettenkoferstraße 11, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Trenz
- Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Pettenkoferstraße 11, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Manouk Feinendegen
- Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Pettenkoferstraße 11, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Heinrich Flaswinkel
- Department of Biology II, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ellen Kempf
- Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Pettenkoferstraße 11, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Desalegn Tadesse Egu
- Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Pettenkoferstraße 11, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Sunil Yeruva
- Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Pettenkoferstraße 11, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Jens Waschke
- Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Pettenkoferstraße 11, 80336, Munich, Germany.
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25
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Gan H, Qi M, Chan C, Leung P, Ye G, Lei Y, Liu A, Xue F, Liu D, Ye W, Zhang D, Deng L, Chen J. Digitoxin inhibits HeLa cell growth through the induction of G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Int J Oncol 2020; 57:562-573. [PMID: 32468057 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2020.5070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the fourth most common gynecological malignancy affecting the health of women worldwide and the second most common cause of cancer‑related mortality among women in developing regions. Thus, the development of effective chemotherapeutic drugs for the treatment of cervical cancer has become an important issue in the medical field. The application of natural products for the prevention and treatment of various diseases, particularly cancer, has always attracted widespread attention. In the present study, a library of natural products composed of 78 single compounds was screened and it was found that digitoxin exhibited the highest cytotoxicity against HeLa cervical cancer cells with an IC50 value of 28 nM at 48 h. Furthermore, digitoxin exhibited extensive antitumor activities in a variety of malignant cell lines, including the lung cancer cell line, A549, the hepatoma cell line, MHCC97H, and the colon cancer cell line, HCT116. Mechanistically, digitoxin caused DNA double‑stranded breaks (DSBs), inhibited the cell cycle at the G2/M phase via the ataxia telangiectasia mutated serine/threonine kinase (ATM)/ATM and Rad3‑related serine/threonine kinase (ATR)‑checkpoint kinase (CHK1)/checkpoint kinase 2 (CHK2)‑Cdc25C pathway and ultimately triggered mitochondrial apoptosis, which was characterized by the disruption of Bax/Bcl‑2, the release of cytochrome c and the sequential activation of caspases and poly(ADP‑ribose) polymerase (PARP). In addition, the in vivo anticancer effect of digitoxin was confirmed in HeLa cell xenotransplantation models. On the whole, the findings of the present study demonstrate the efficacy of digitoxin against cervical cancer in vivo and elucidate its molecular mechanisms, including DSBs, cell cycle arrest and mitochondrial apoptosis. These results will contribute to the development of digitoxin as a chemotherapeutic agent in the treatment of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Gan
- Formula‑pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Ming Qi
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Chakpiu Chan
- Formula‑pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Pan Leung
- Formula‑pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Geni Ye
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Yuhe Lei
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518034, P.R. China
| | - Aiai Liu
- Formula‑pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Feifei Xue
- Formula‑pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Dongdong Liu
- Formula‑pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Wencai Ye
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Lijuan Deng
- Formula‑pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Jiaxu Chen
- Formula‑pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
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26
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Izzo AA, Teixeira M, Alexander SPH, Cirino G, Docherty JR, George CH, Insel PA, Ji Y, Kendall DA, Panattieri RA, Sobey CG, Stanford SC, Stefanska B, Stephens G, Ahluwalia A. A practical guide for transparent reporting of research on natural products in the British Journal of Pharmacology: Reproducibility of natural product research. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:2169-2178. [PMID: 32298474 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mauro Teixeira
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Paul A Insel
- University of San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Yong Ji
- Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Barbara Stefanska
- The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Amrita Ahluwalia
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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27
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Song Y, Lee SY, Kim S, Choi I, Kim SH, Shum D, Heo J, Kim AR, Kim KM, Seo HR. Inhibitors of Na +/K + ATPase exhibit antitumor effects on multicellular tumor spheroids of hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5318. [PMID: 32210281 PMCID: PMC7093469 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62134-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), one of the most common malignant cancers worldwide, is associated with substantial mortality. Because HCCs have strong resistance to conventional chemotherapeutic agents, novel therapeutic strategies are needed to improve survival in patients with HCC. The multicellular tumor spheroid (MCTS) model is a powerful method for anticancer research because of its ability to mimic the complexity and heterogeneity of tumor tissue, the three-dimensional cellular context of tumor tissue, and the pathophysiological gradients of in vivo tumors. However, it is difficult to obtain meaningful results from the MCTS model without considering the conditions of clinical tumors. We, therefore, provided a proof of concept to determine whether spheroid models simulate in vivo tumor microenvironments. Through a high-throughput screening for HCC therapy using the MCTS model, we selected inhibitors of Na+/K+-ATPase (ouabain and digoxin) that could suppress cell growth and migration via inhibition of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of HCC in vivo and in vitro. The results showed that this model provides a new paradigm for high-throughput drug screening and will significantly improve the efficiency of identifying new drugs for HCC treatment. Through utilization of MCTS models, here we found that inhibitors of Na+/K+-ATPase may be feasible as a novel target to sensitize HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeonhwa Song
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Institut Pasteur Korea, 16, Daewangpangyo-ro 712 beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13488, Korea
| | - Su-Yeon Lee
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Institut Pasteur Korea, 16, Daewangpangyo-ro 712 beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13488, Korea
| | - Sanghwa Kim
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Institut Pasteur Korea, 16, Daewangpangyo-ro 712 beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13488, Korea
| | - Inhee Choi
- Medicinal Chemistry, Institut Pasteur Korea, 16, Daewangpangyo-ro 712 beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13488, Korea
| | - Se-Hyuk Kim
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Institut Pasteur Korea, 16, Daewangpangyo-ro 712 beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13488, Korea
| | - David Shum
- Screening Discovery Platform, Institut Pasteur Korea, 16, Daewangpangyo-ro 712 beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13488, Korea
| | - Jinyeong Heo
- Screening Discovery Platform, Institut Pasteur Korea, 16, Daewangpangyo-ro 712 beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13488, Korea
| | - A-Ram Kim
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Institut Pasteur Korea, 16, Daewangpangyo-ro 712 beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13488, Korea
| | - Kang Mo Kim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Liver Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Olympic-ro 43-gil 88, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Haeng Ran Seo
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Institut Pasteur Korea, 16, Daewangpangyo-ro 712 beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13488, Korea.
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28
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Shi X, Zhang L, Bai K, Xie H, Shi T, Zhang R, Fu Q, Chen S, Lu Y, Yu Y, Sun K. Identification of rare variants in novel candidate genes in pulmonary atresia patients by next generation sequencing. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2020; 18:381-392. [PMID: 32128068 PMCID: PMC7044470 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2020.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary atresia (PA) is a rare congenital heart defect (CHD) with complex manifestations and a high mortality rate. Since the genetic determinants in the pathogenesis of PA remain elusive, a thorough identification of the genetic factors through whole exome sequencing (WES) will provide novel insights into underlying mechanisms of PA. We performed WES data from PA/VSD (n = 60), PA/IVS (n = 20), TOF/PA (n = 20) and 100 healthy controls. Rare variants and novel genes were identified using variant-based association and gene-based burden analysis. Then we explored the expression pattern of our candidate genes in endothelium cell lines, pulmonary artery tissues, and embryonic hearts. 56 rare damage variants of 7 novel candidate genes (DNAH10, DST, FAT1, HMCN1, HNRNPC, TEP1, and TYK2) were certified to have function in PA pathogenesis for the first time. In our research, the genetic pattern among PA/VSD, PA/IVS and TOF/PA were different to some degree. Taken together, our findings contribute new insights into the molecular basis of this rare congenital birth defect.
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Key Words
- ACMG, American College of Medical Genetics
- CHD, congenital heart defect
- CTD, Conotruncal defect
- Congenital heart defect
- ExAC, Exome Aggregation Consortium
- FDR, False discovery rates
- GEO, Gene Expression Omnibus
- GSEA, gene set enrichment analysis
- Gene mutations
- HPAECs, Human Pulmonary Artery Endothelial Cells
- LOF, loss-of-function
- MAF, minor allele frequency
- PA, Pulmonary atresia
- PA/IVS, Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum
- PA/VSD, Pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect
- PPI, protein–protein interactions
- Pulmonary atresia
- RT-qPCR, Reverse Transcription Quantitative PCR
- RV, right ventricle
- Rare variants
- SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism
- STRING, Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes
- TOF, tetralogy of Fallot
- WES, whole exome sequencing
- Whole-exome sequencing
- gnomAD, Genome Aggregation Database
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Shi
- Department of Pediatric Cardiovascular, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Theory and Application in Statistics and Data Science, East China Normal University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Bai
- Department of Pediatric Cardiovascular, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Huilin Xie
- Department of Pediatric Cardiovascular, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Tieliu Shi
- The Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, the Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruilin Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Qihua Fu
- Medical Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Sun Chen
- Department of Pediatric Cardiovascular, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yanan Lu
- Department of Pediatric Cardiovascular, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yu Yu
- Department of Pediatric Cardiovascular, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China.,Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Kun Sun
- Department of Pediatric Cardiovascular, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China
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29
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Lam GC, Sefton MV. Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Drives Vascularization of Modularly Assembled Engineered Tissue. Tissue Eng Part A 2019; 25:1127-1136. [PMID: 30585759 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2018.0294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT Using two inhibitory methods, we demonstrated that hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) plays an important role in vascularizing and oxygenating modularly-assembled engineered tissues. Each inhibitory technique elucidated a different mechanism by which this occurred. Whereas systemic inhibition negatively impacted early recruitment of host-derived cells, genetic inhibition in grafted endothelial cells was detrimental to their survival. Taken together, our study suggests that methods of HIF-mediated mechanisms could be harnessed to tune the extent and rate of vascularization in engineered tissue constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle C Lam
- 1Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Michael V Sefton
- 1Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,2Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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30
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Cardenolides: Insights from chemical structure and pharmacological utility. Pharmacol Res 2018; 141:123-175. [PMID: 30579976 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac glycosides (CGs) are a class of naturally occurring steroid-like compounds, and members of this class have been in clinical use for more than 1500 years. They have been used in folk medicine as arrow poisons, abortifacients, heart tonics, emetics, and diuretics as well as in other applications. The major use of CGs today is based on their ability to inhibit the membrane-bound Na+/K+-ATPase enzyme, and they are regarded as an effective treatment for congestive heart failure (CHF), cardiac arrhythmia and atrial fibrillation. Furthermore, increasing evidence has indicated the potential cytotoxic effects of CGs against various types of cancer. In this review, we highlight some of the structural features of this class of natural products that are crucial for their efficacy, some methods of isolating these compounds from natural resources, and the structural elucidation tools that have been used. We also describe their physicochemical properties and several modern biotechnological approaches for preparing CGs that do not require plant sources.
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Berges R, Denicolai E, Tchoghandjian A, Baeza-Kallee N, Honore S, Figarella-Branger D, Braguer D. Proscillaridin A exerts anti-tumor effects through GSK3β activation and alteration of microtubule dynamics in glioblastoma. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:984. [PMID: 30250248 PMCID: PMC6155148 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-1018-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is characterized by highly aggressive growth and invasive behavior. Due to the highly lethal nature of GBM, new therapies are urgently needed and repositioning of existing drugs is a promising approach. We have previously shown the activity of Proscillaridin A (ProA), a cardiac glycoside inhibitor of the Na(+)/K(+) ATPase (NKA) pump, against proliferation and migration of GBM cell lines. ProA inhibited tumor growth in vivo and increased mice survival after orthotopic grafting of GBM cells. This study aims to decipher the mechanism of action of ProA in GBM tumor and stem-like cells. ProA displayed cytotoxic activity on tumor and stem-like cells grown in 2D and 3D culture, but not on healthy cells as astrocytes or oligodendrocytes. Even at sub-cytotoxic concentration, ProA impaired cell migration and disturbed EB1 accumulation at microtubule (MT) plus-ends and MT dynamics instability. ProA activates GSK3β downstream of NKA inhibition, leading to EB1 phosphorylation on S155 and T166, EB1 comet length shortening and MT dynamics alteration, and finally inhibition of cell migration and cytotoxicity. Similar results were observed with digoxin. Therefore, we disclosed here a novel pathway by which ProA and digoxin modulate MT-governed functions in GBM tumor and stem-like cells. Altogether, our results support ProA and digoxin as potent candidates for drug repositioning in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Berges
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Marseille, France
| | - Emilie Denicolai
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Marseille, France
| | | | | | - Stephane Honore
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Marseille, France
| | | | - Diane Braguer
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Marseille, France.
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Trenti A, Boscaro C, Tedesco S, Cignarella A, Trevisi L, Bolego C. Effects of digitoxin on cell migration in ovarian cancer inflammatory microenvironment. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 154:414-423. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Zulato E, Ciccarese F, Nardo G, Pinazza M, Agnusdei V, Silic-Benussi M, Ciminale V, Indraccolo S. Involvement of NADPH Oxidase 1 in Liver Kinase B1-Mediated Effects on Tumor Angiogenesis and Growth. Front Oncol 2018; 8:195. [PMID: 29915721 PMCID: PMC5994402 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver kinase B1 (LKB1) gene is a tumor suppressor with an established role in the control of cell metabolism and oxidative stress. However, whether dis-regulated oxidative stress promotes growth of LKB1-deficient tumors remains substantially unknown. Through in vitro studies, we observed that loss of LKB1 perturbed expression of several genes involved in reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis. In particular, this analysis evidenced strongly up-modulated NADPH oxidase 1 (NOX1) transcript levels in tumor cells lacking LKB1. NOX1 accounted in part for enhanced cytotoxic effects of H2O2-induced oxidative stress in A549 LKB1-deficient tumor cells. Notably, genetic and pharmacologic inhibition of NOX1 activity reduced angiogenesis and growth of A549 tumors in mice. These results suggest that NOX1 inhibitors could counteract ROS production and the angiogenic switch in LKB1-deficient tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesco Ciccarese
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giorgia Nardo
- Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV - IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Vincenzo Ciminale
- Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV - IRCCS, Padova, Italy.,Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Combination of anti-vascular agent - DMXAA and HIF-1α inhibitor - digoxin inhibits the growth of melanoma tumors. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7355. [PMID: 29743548 PMCID: PMC5943409 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25688-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular disrupting agents as DMXAA inhibit tumor growth only for a short period of time followed by rapid tumor regrowth. Among others, hypoxia and presence of transcription factor HIF-1α are responsible for tumors regrowth. The aim of our study was to investigate the inhibition of murine melanoma growth by combining two agents: anti-vascular - DMXAA and the HIF-1α inhibitor - digoxin and explaining the mechanism of action of this combination. After DMXAA treatment tumor size was reduced only for a limited time. After 7 days regrowth of tumors was observed and number of vessels was increased especially in tumor's peripheral areas. DMXAA also induced an influx of immune cells: macrophages, CD8+ cytotoxic lymphocytes, NK cells, CD4+ lymphocytes. Administration of digoxin alone inhibited the growth of tumors. Administration of both agents in the proper sequence significantly inhibited the regrowth of tumors better than either agents alone. Combination therapy reduced number of newly formed vessels. In tumors of mice treated with combination therapy, the number of macrophages M1, CD8+ cytotoxic lymphocytes, NK cells and to a lesser extent CD4+ cells was increased. The combination of anti-vascular agents with HIF-1α inhibitors appears to be an effective therapeutic option.
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Huang YT, Tang YY, Cheng JF, Wu ZY, Mao YC, Liu PY. Genome Analysis of Multidrug-Resistant Shewanella algae Isolated From Human Soft Tissue Sample. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:419. [PMID: 29755354 PMCID: PMC5932639 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Ting Huang
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Yu Tang
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
| | - Jan-Fang Cheng
- Department of Energy, Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, United States
| | - Zong-Yen Wu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Chiao Mao
- Division of Clinical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Liu
- Department of Nursing, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.,Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Trenti A, Zulato E, Pasqualini L, Indraccolo S, Bolego C, Trevisi L. Therapeutic concentrations of digitoxin inhibit endothelial focal adhesion kinase and angiogenesis induced by different growth factors. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:3094-3106. [PMID: 28688145 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cardiac glycosides are Na+ /K+ -ATPases inhibitors used to treat congestive heart failure and cardiac arrhythmias. Epidemiological studies indicate that patients on digitalis therapy are more protected from cancer. Evidence of a selective cytotoxicity against cancer cells has suggested their potential use as anticancer drugs. The effect on angiogenesis of clinically used cardiac glycosides has not been extensively explored. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We studied the effect of digoxin, digitoxin and ouabain on early events of the angiogenic process in HUVECs. We determined HUVEC viability, proliferation, migration and differentiation into capillary tube-like structures. We also tested drug activity using an in vivo angiogenesis model. Activation of protein tyrosine kinase 2 (FAK) and signalling proteins associated with the Na+ /K+ -ATPase signalosome was determined by Western blotting. KEY RESULTS Digitoxin and ouabain (1-100 nM) inhibited HUVEC migration, concentration-dependently, without affecting cell viability, while digoxin induced apoptosis at the same concentrations. Digitoxin antagonized growth factor-induced migration and tubularization at concentrations (1-25 nM) within its plasma therapeutic range. The anti-angiogenic effect of digitoxin was confirmed also by in vivo studies. Digitoxin induced Src, Akt and ERK1/2 phosphorylation but did not affect FAK autophosphorylation at Tyr397 . However, it significantly inhibited growth factor-induced FAK phosphorylation at Tyr576/577 . CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Therapeutic concentrations of digitoxin inhibited angiogenesis and FAK activation by several pro-angiogenic stimuli. These novel findings suggest a potential repositioning of digitoxin as a broad-spectrum anti-angiogenic drug for diseases where pathological angiogenesis is involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Trenti
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Chiara Bolego
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Lucia Trevisi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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