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Chand K, Rosenberger H, Sanderse B. A pressure-free long-time stable reduced-order model for two-dimensional Rayleigh-Bénard convection. Chaos 2024; 34:023135. [PMID: 38407396 DOI: 10.1063/5.0168857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
The present work presents a stable proper orthogonal decomposition (POD)-Galerkin based reduced-order model (ROM) for two-dimensional Rayleigh-Bénard convection in a square geometry for three Rayleigh numbers: 104 (steady state), 3×105 (periodic), and 6×106 (chaotic). Stability is obtained through a particular (staggered-grid) full-order model (FOM) discretization that leads to a ROM that is pressure-free and has skew-symmetric (energy-conserving) convective terms. This yields long-time stable solutions without requiring stabilizing mechanisms, even outside the training data range. The ROM's stability is validated for the different test cases by investigating the Nusselt and Reynolds number time series and the mean and variance of the vertical temperature profile. In general, these quantities converge to the FOM when increasing the number of modes, and turn out to be a good measure of accuracy. However, for the chaotic case, convergence with increasing numbers of modes is relatively difficult and a high number of modes is required to resolve the low-energy structures that are important for the global dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Chand
- Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica, Science Park 123, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H Rosenberger
- Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica, Science Park 123, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - B Sanderse
- Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica, Science Park 123, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Satapathy P, Kumar P, Chand K, Gahtori P, Rustagi S, Sah R, Neyazi A. The rising tide of tick-borne encephalitis across European nations. QJM 2023; 116:973-975. [PMID: 37792484 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcad226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P Satapathy
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - P Kumar
- Global Center for Evidence Synthesis, Chandigarh 160036, India
- EvidenceSynthesis Lab, Kolkata 700156, India
| | - K Chand
- Global Center for Evidence Synthesis, Chandigarh 160036, India
- EvidenceSynthesis Lab, Kolkata 700156, India
| | - P Gahtori
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 24800, India
| | - S Rustagi
- School of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - R Sah
- Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu 46000, Nepal
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, DY Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, DY Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra 411000, India
| | - A Neyazi
- Afghanistan Center for Epidemiological Studies, Herat, Afghanistan
- Herat Regional Hospital, Herat, Afghanistan
- ACES Chapter, Medical Faculty, Ghalib University
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Shah S, Chand K, Rekadwad B, Shouche YS, Sharma J, Pant B. A prospectus of plant growth promoting endophytic bacterium from orchid (Vanda cristata). BMC Biotechnol 2021; 21:16. [PMID: 33618710 PMCID: PMC7901085 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-021-00676-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A plant growth-promoting endophytic bacterium PVL1 isolated from the leaf of Vanda cristata has the ability to colonize with roots of plants and protect the plant. PVL1 was isolated using laboratory synthetic media. 16S rRNA gene sequencing method has been employed for identification before and after root colonization ability. Results Original isolated and remunerated strain from colonized roots were identified as Bacillus spp. as per EzBiocloud database. The presence of bacteria in the root section of the plantlet was confirmed through Epifluorescence microscopy of colonized roots. The in-vitro plantlet colonized by PVL1 as well as DLMB attained higher growth than the control. PVL1 capable of producing plant beneficial phytohormone under in vitro cultivation. HPLC and GC-MS analysis suggest that colonized plants contain Indole Acetic Acid (IAA). The methanol extract of Bacillus spp., contains 0.015 μg in 1 μl concentration of IAA. PVL1 has the ability to produce antimicrobial compounds such as ethyl iso-allocholate, which exhibits immune restoring property. One-way ANOVA shows that results were statistically significant at P ≤ 0.05 level. Conclusions Hence, it has been concluded that Bacillus spp. PVL1 can promote plant growth through secretion of IAA during root colonization and ethyl iso-allocholate to protect plants from foreign infections. Thus, this study supports to support Koch’s postulates of bacteria establishment. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12896-021-00676-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujit Shah
- Central Department of Botany, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal. .,Daffodil Agro Biological Research Center, Lalitpur, Nepal.
| | - Krishna Chand
- Central Department of Botany, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Bhagwan Rekadwad
- Current Address: Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), University Road, Deralakatte, Mangalore, 575018, Karnataka, India.,National Centre for Microbial Resource, National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411021, India
| | - Yogesh S Shouche
- National Centre for Microbial Resource, National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411021, India
| | - Jyotsna Sharma
- Department of Plant Science and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Bijaya Pant
- Central Department of Botany, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal.
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Paudel MR, Joshi PR, Chand K, Sah AK, Acharya S, Pant B, Pant B. Antioxidant, anticancer and antimicrobial effects of In vitro developed protocorms of Dendrobium longicornu. Biotechnol Rep (Amst) 2020; 28:e00527. [PMID: 32983924 PMCID: PMC7494665 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2020.e00527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
In vitro seed germination and protocorms formation were successfully established in traditionally used Dendrobium longicornu. Fresh protocorms (178.34 g - 183.90 g) were produced on the elicitor of Alternaria sp, Bacillus subtilis and Fusarium solani supplemented MS-medium. Methanol extract of D. longicornu protocorms has scavenged 94.31 % of DPPH radicals at 1000 μg/mL. Its 117.56 μg/mL concentration has scavenged 50 % DPPH radical (IC50). Similarly, it inhibits 25.39 % and 27.80 % HeLa and U251 cells at 500 μg/mL. The IC50 was found as 350.06 μg/mL and 507.22 μg/mL for HeLa and U251 cells respectively. Further, it inhibited the growth of E. coli, K. pneumoniae and E. cloacae with the zone of inhibition 4, 2 and 2 mm respectively. In conclusion, protocorms developed through in vitro seeds culture have accumulated and synthesized bioactive secondary metabolites. Therefore, protocorms could be utilized to the isolation of compounds for formulation of herbal drugs without damaging natural populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukti R. Paudel
- Central Department of Botany, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Bijaya Pant
- Central Department of Botany, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
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Demiya S, Neumann C, Chu C, Chand K, Yu E. PNS2 Voice Technology - an Opportunity to Broaden Participation in Patient Reported Outcomes Research. Value Health Reg Issues 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vhri.2020.07.421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Chand K, Shah S, Sharma J, Paudel MR, Pant B. Isolation, characterization, and plant growth-promoting activities of endophytic fungi from a wild orchid Vanda cristata. Plant Signal Behav 2020; 15:1744294. [PMID: 32208892 PMCID: PMC7238887 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2020.1744294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Endophytism is one of the widely explored phenomena related to orchids and fungi. Endophytic fungi assist plants by supplementing nutrient acquisition, and synthesis of plant growth regulators. Vanda cristata is an epiphytic orchid that has a great diversity of endophytic fungi. Endophytic fungi were isolated from roots, stems, and leaves of V.cristata and identified by both morphological and molecular study. Furthermore, the isolated endophytic fungi were subjected to auxin synthesis, phosphate solubilization, ammonia synthesis, and elicitor growth test for understanding their growth-promoting effect in a qualitative and quantitative manner. Altogether, 12 different endophytic fungi were isolated from roots, stems, and leaves of V. cristata of which most species belonged to Ascomycota. Unidentified II fungi were found to be most effective for auxin synthesis and phosphate solubilization while Agaricus bisporous and Mycolepto discus were most effective for ammonia synthesis. We have tested the plant growth-promoting activity of the twelve isolated endophytic fungi on Cymbidium aloifolium protocorms (12 weeks old). All the endophytic fungi showed growth-promoting activity. Plant growth of Cymbidium aloifolium was found higher on the MS medium supplemented with all fungal elicitors. Fungal elicitor CVS4, however, showed the highest plant growth-promoting activity toward C. aloifolium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Chand
- Central Department of Botany, Tribhuvan University, Kritipur, Nepal
| | - Sujit Shah
- Central Department of Botany, Tribhuvan University, Kritipur, Nepal
| | - Jyotsna Sharma
- Department of Plant Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, USA
| | - Mukti Ram Paudel
- Central Department of Botany, Tribhuvan University, Kritipur, Nepal
| | - Bijaya Pant
- Central Department of Botany, Tribhuvan University, Kritipur, Nepal
- CONTACT Bijaya Pant Central Department of Botany, Tribhuvan University, Kritipur, Nepal
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Shah S, Thapa BB, Chand K, Pradhan S, Singh A, Varma A, Sen Thakuri L, Joshi P, Pant B. Piriformospora indica promotes the growth of the in-vitro-raised Cymbidium aloifolium plantlet and their acclimatization. Plant Signal Behav 2019; 14:1596716. [PMID: 30990122 PMCID: PMC6546142 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2019.1596716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Cymbidium aloifolium is known for its ornamental and medicinal values. It has been listed as threatened orchid species. In this study, in vitro propagated C. aloifolium plantlets were interacted with the Piriformospora indica. The growth assay was performed for 45 days; the plant growth pattern such as number and length of roots and shoots were measured. Microscopic study of the root section stained by trypan blue was done to detect the peloton formation. The methanol extracts of the fungal colonized plant as well as uncolonized (control) plant were prepared and various metabolites were identified by gas chromatography mass spectroscopy. Acclimatization was done in a substrate composition of coco peat: gravel: charcoal in ratio 2:2:1. P. indica-colonized plantlet showed the highest growth with the formation of clamdospore in the root section. The growth regulator such as auxin, ascorbic acid, andrographolide, hexadecanoic acid, and DL-proline were identified. After three months of field transfer, plantlet colonized by P. indica survived and remained healthy as compared to uncolonized control plantlet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujit Shah
- Central Department of Botany, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Bir Bhadur Thapa
- Central Department of Botany, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Krishna Chand
- Central Department of Botany, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Shreeti Pradhan
- Central Department of Botany, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Anjana Singh
- Central Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Ajit Varma
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Noida, India
| | | | | | - Bijaya Pant
- Central Department of Botany, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
- CONTACT Bijaya Pant Central Department of Botany, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu 2642, Nepal
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Chand K, Biswas SK, Pandey AB, Saxena A, Tewari N, Mondal B. Isolation of bluetongue virus-1 from cattle in India and phylogenetic analysis of the complete coding sequence of the segment-2 gene. Trop Biomed 2016; 33:824-826. [PMID: 33579080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The isolation of BTV-1 serotype from cattle in India and its phylogenetic relationship based on VP2 gene has been reported. Virus (JBP42/12/Ind) is isolated in BHK-21 cell line from blood sample tested positive for BTV antigen in sandwich ELISA from asymptomatic cattle. Full length VP2 gene of cattle isolate was amplified, cloned and sequenced. On BLAST analysis virus isolate was identified as BTV-1 serotype. Phylogenetic tree based on complete VP2 coding region segregated Indian isolates, Australian isolates and African/European isolates in three distinct clusters. Segregation of Indian BTV-1 isolates at close proximity to the monophyletic cluster of Australian BTV-1 isolates indicates the present isolate as "eastern topotype' of BTV. Multiple alignments of VP2 gene nucleotide sequences suggest that, Indian BTV-1 isolate is more closely related to Australian BTV-1 isolates; where 14.1% to 14.4% and 6.8% to 7.4% divergence was observed at nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence level respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Chand
- Division of Virology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar Campus, Dist. Nainital 263 138, Uttarakhand, India
| | - S K Biswas
- Division of Virology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar Campus, Dist. Nainital 263 138, Uttarakhand, India
| | - A B Pandey
- Division of Virology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar Campus, Dist. Nainital 263 138, Uttarakhand, India
| | - A Saxena
- Division of Virology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar Campus, Dist. Nainital 263 138, Uttarakhand, India
| | - N Tewari
- Division of Virology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar Campus, Dist. Nainital 263 138, Uttarakhand, India
| | - B Mondal
- Eastern Regional Station, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, 37, Belgachia Road, Kolkata 700 037, West Bengal, India
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Chauhan HC, Biswas SK, Chand K, Rehman W, Das B, Dadawala AI, Chandel BS, Kher HN, Mondal B. Isolation of bluetongue virus serotype 1 from aborted goat fetuses. REV SCI TECH OIE 2015; 33:803-12. [PMID: 25812205 DOI: 10.20506/rst.33.3.2319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abortions and stillbirths were noticed in pregnant goats on a farm in the state of Gujarat, India. About 50% of the pregnant goats aborted or gave birth to dead kids. Bluetongue virus (BTV) antibody in the sera of affected goats was detected using a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Viral antigen in the blood of these goats and in the aborted fetal spleens was detected using a sandwich ELISA. Two viruses (SKN-9, SKN-10) were isolated in cell culture from aborted fetal spleens and were confirmed as Orbivirus by demonstration of ten bands in RNA polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and identified as BTV-1 by sequencing of the VP2 gene. Sequence analyses revealed thatthese isolates were very closely related to a BTV-1 (strain SKN-8) isolated from Culicoides vectors captured on the same farm one month after the occurrence of abortion. Isolation of BTV-1 from fetuses is probably evidence of transplacental transmission of the wild-type strain, because attenuated or laboratory-adapted BTV-1 strains have never been used in this region. This may have important implications in the epidemiology of bluetongue, considering the presence of many BTV serotypes in India.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M Bajpai
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Sharma SK, Kumar S, Chand K, Kathuria A, Gupta A, Jain R. An update on natural occurrence and biological activity of chromones. Curr Med Chem 2012; 18:3825-52. [PMID: 21824102 DOI: 10.2174/092986711803414359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2011] [Revised: 07/14/2011] [Accepted: 07/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The chemistry of chromones is very well known. This system is widely used in organic chemistry as an intermediate compound for the synthesis of numerous hetrocycles. On the other hand, chromones were extensively studied as bioactive compounds. They possess remarkable biological activities, such as antimicrobial, antiviral, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, etc. This comprehensive review describes the current status and knowledge of natural occurrence, and biological activities of chromones. Recent advances made over the last decade i.e. January 1999 to December 2009 are critically discussed and we have covered about 176 references and more than 350 compounds reported during this period.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Sharma
- Bioorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110 007, India.
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Dadawala AI, Biswas SK, Rehman W, Chand K, De A, Mathapati BS, Kumar P, Chauhan HC, Chandel BS, Mondal B. Isolation of Bluetongue Virus Serotype 1 from Culicoides vector Captured in Livestock Farms and Sequence Analysis of the Viral Genome Segment-2. Transbound Emerg Dis 2011; 59:361-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1865-1682.2011.01279.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Chand K, Khandelwal R, Vardhan V. Resistance to Antituberculosis Drugs in Pulmonary Tuberculosis. Med J Armed Forces India 2011; 62:325-7. [PMID: 27688532 DOI: 10.1016/s0377-1237(06)80097-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2004] [Accepted: 05/19/2005] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Incidence of drug resistance and pattern of susceptibility to antitubercular drugs in pulmonary tuberculosis amongst soldiers and their families was studied for four years at a military hospital in northwest India. METHODS Identification and susceptibility tests were carried out as per procedures laid out in laboratory manual of Tuberculosis Research Centre (TRC), Chennai. RESULTS Of the 172 strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) isolated from sputum samples, 150 (87.21%) were sensitive and 22 (12.79%) showed resistance to one or more antitubercular drugs. Acquired drug resistance was observed in 7 (31.82%) and primary drug resistance in 15 (68.18%) cases. Among 22 drug resistant cases, who were on short course chemotherapy (SCC), resistance to single drug was observed in 12 (54.54%), two drugs in 7 (31.82%) and to three or more drugs in 3 (13.64%) isolates. Fourteen (18.14%) strains were resistant to Streptomycin, 8 (4.65%) to Rifampicin, 11 (6.40%) to Isoniazid, 1 (0.58%) to Pyrazinamide and 2 (1.16%) to Ethambutol. Multidrug resistance was observed in 5 (2.91%) cases, of which resistance to Isoniazid and Rifampicin was present in 2 (1.16%) and their combination with other drugs in other 3 (1.74%) isolates. CONCLUSIONS Drug susceptibility pattern to antitubercular drugs is discussed and compared with studies from other centres.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Chand
- ADMS, HQ 5 Mountain Division, C/o 99 APO
| | - R Khandelwal
- Classified Specialist (Pathology), Military Hospital, Kirkee
| | - V Vardhan
- Classified Specialist (Medicine & Respiratory diseases), Military Hospital (CTC), Pune-40
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Tiwari N, Sharma AK, Galagali A, Kumar M, Chand K. Acute idiopathic gastric gangrene with perforation. Trop Gastroenterol 2010; 31:339-341. [PMID: 21568159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- N Tiwari
- Military Hospital, CTC, Pune, India
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Mondal B, Sen A, Chand K, Biswas SK, De A, Rajak KK, Chakravarti S. Evidence of mixed infection of peste des petits ruminants virus and bluetongue virus in a flock of goats as confirmed by detection of antigen, antibody and nucleic acid of both the viruses. Trop Anim Health Prod 2009; 41:1661-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-009-9362-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2008] [Accepted: 05/01/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Chand K, Sayal SK, Chand S. Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma (Mycosis Fungoides). Med J Armed Forces India 2007; 63:188-90. [PMID: 27407986 DOI: 10.1016/s0377-1237(07)80076-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2004] [Accepted: 04/29/2006] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K Chand
- ADMS, HQ 5 Mountain Division, C/o 99APO, Pin 908405
| | - S K Sayal
- Ex Senior Advisor (Dermatology & Venerology), Military Hospital, Jalandhar, Pin 144005
| | - S Chand
- Classified Specialist (Radiodiagnosis & Imaging), 167 Military Hospital, C/o 56 APO
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Awasthy N, Chand K. Intracranial bleed complicating the use of Crutchfield tongs. J Neurosurg Sci 2006; 50:13-5. [PMID: 16557195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal traction using the metal tongs attached to the skull is commonly used in the management of the fracture dislocation of the cervical spine. Rare complication of this procedure, the intracranial bleed has scantily being reported in the English literature. We report a case of such a complication in a 105 years old man who required Crutchfield application following fall. Presenting symptoms consisted of sudden deterioration of sensorium, with fatal outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Awasthy
- AIIMS, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, Delhi, India.
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Abstract
We are presenting magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) findings of a known case of hydatid cyst operated twice in the past. A 22-years-old male patient had presented with recurrent symptoms of generalized seizures and raised intracranial tension. MRI with MRS of the lesion was performed that showed a recurrent loculated cystic lesion in right parieto-occipital lobe. MRS through the lesion was performed using repetition time (TR) of 1500 ms and time to echo (TE) of 135 ms using 2 x 2 x 2 cm voxel, from the margin of the lesion. MRS showed mildly elevated choline (Cho), depressed creatine (Cr) and N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), a large peak of lactate, pyruvate and acetate peaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Chand
- Department of Neurosurgery, VMMC & Safdarjung Hospital, Delhi, India
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Tewari SC, Shrikhande P, Rajput AK, Borcar JM, Chand K. SCLEROSING HAEMANGIOMA OF LUNG PRESENTING AS SPONTANEOUS HAEMOTHORAX. Med J Armed Forces India 2001; 57:245-6. [PMID: 27407347 DOI: 10.1016/s0377-1237(01)80056-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S C Tewari
- Senior Advisor (Medicine and Respiratory Medicine), Golibar Maidan, Pune - 411 040
| | | | - A K Rajput
- Classified Specialist (Medicine and Respiratory Medicine), Golibar Maidan, Pune - 411 040
| | - J M Borcar
- Senior Advisor (Surgery and Cardiothoracic Surgery), Research & Referral Hospital, Delhi
| | - K Chand
- Classified Specialist (Pathology and Microbiology) Military Hospital (Cardiothoracic Centre), Golibar Maidan, Pune - 411 040
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Prasad PL, Wilson CG, Harjai MM, Chand K. MULTIDRUG - RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS (MDRTB) IN CHILDREN. Med J Armed Forces India 2001; 57:151-3. [PMID: 27407322 DOI: 10.1016/s0377-1237(01)80139-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P L Prasad
- Reader, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune - 411 040
| | - C G Wilson
- Professor and Head, Department of Paediatrics, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune - 411 040
| | - M M Harjai
- Reader, Department of Surgery, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune - 411 040
| | - K Chand
- Classified Specialist, (Pathology) Military Hospital, Dehradun
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Das L, Grover SB, Chand K, Dawson L. Intracranial extension of a dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans of the scalp: a case report with brief review of literature. Surg Neurol 2000; 54:452-4. [PMID: 11240177 DOI: 10.1016/s0090-3019(00)00297-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L Das
- Department of Neurosurgery, Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
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Chand K, Thakur S. "Significance of serum gamma glutamyl transpeptidase in cholestatic jaundice". Indian J Med Sci 1997; 51:270-4. [PMID: 9491680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In conclusion, our study showed that serum G.G.T rises in cholestasis, and the rise is significantly higher in extraphepatic cholestasis as compared to intrahepatic cholestasis. Serum G.G.T has not shown any superiority over alkaline phosphatase in the evaluation of cholestatic liver disease. However, two considerations must caution against the use of serum G.G.T. alone for evaluation of hepatobiliary disease. The first of these is the lack of specificity for hepatobiliary disease. Serum G.G.T. activity can be elevated in some non-hepatic disorders such as acute pancreatitis, congestive cardiac failure, myocardial infarction, diabetes mellitus and alcoholism. Determination of serum G.G.T. in these patients is of no value. Second, the possibility that changes in serum G.G.T. activity results from drug administration in man.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Chand
- Department of Medicine, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla
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Kansal VK, Chand K. The effect of protein deficiency on the activity of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in the small intestine of rats. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 1986; 30:261-3. [PMID: 2881891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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24
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Chand K. The future of the orthopedic surgeon. Int Surg 1977; 62:5. [PMID: 832956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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25
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Chand K, Lall KS. Cryptococcosis (torulosis, European blastomycosis) of the knee joint. A case report with review of the literature. Acta Orthop Scand 1976; 47:432-5. [PMID: 961400 DOI: 10.3109/17453677608988715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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26
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Pahuja K, Chand K. Fatal fat embolism associated with polymethyl methacrylate bone cement. Int Surg 1976; 61:19-22. [PMID: 1270197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Three fatalities after procedures involving the use of polymethyl methacrylate cement are reported. Autopsy studies showed varying degrees of pulmonary fat embolism although lack of correction of operative blood loss was the major factor.
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Chand K. Editorial: Cut well, sew well, get well. Int Surg 1976; 61:7-8. [PMID: 1270214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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Abstract
In 21 autopsy subjects and 25 anatomical cadavers, both knee joints were dissected extensively to find: a) degenerative changes in the menisci of knee joints, especially horizontal tears and b) associated degenerative changes in the articular surfaces of the knee joint, in order to attempt a correlation between the two lesions. Thirty-nine horizontal tears of the meniscus in 21 patients were found, of which 32 were in the medial meniscus. There was no articular damage visible in three, minimal in eight, moderate in seven and severe in three subjects. The highest incidence was in the seventh and eighth decades with black males showing a slight preponderance. The degenerative meniscus with a horizontal tear is a part of the overall degenerative process in the knee joint and should be treated as such.
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Chand K. The knee joint in rheumatoid arthritis. V. The role of arthrodesis. Int Surg 1975; 60:154-6. [PMID: 1123266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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Chand K. The knee joint in rheumatoid arthritis. IV. Treatment by nonhinged total knee prosthetic replacement. Int Surg 1975; 60:11-8. [PMID: 1110121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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Chand K. Editorial: Surgery of rheumatoid arthritis. Int Surg 1975; 60:5. [PMID: 1110128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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Chand K. The knee joint in rheumatoid arthritis. III. Treatment by hinged total knee prosthetic replacement. Int Surg 1974; 59:600-7. [PMID: 4443177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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Chand K. The knee joint in rheumatoid arthritis. II. Treatment by hemiarthroplasty. Int Surg 1974; 59:461-7. [PMID: 4416340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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Chand K. Knee joint in rheumatoid arthritis. The role of synovectomy. Int Surg 1974; 59:91-5. [PMID: 4815057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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36
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Chand K. Rheumatoid arthritis of the foot. Int Surg 1973; 58:12-9. [PMID: 4699392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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Chand K, Potter TA. Rheumatoid arthritis and shoulder joint. Int Surg 1972; 57:969-73. [PMID: 4645664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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Chand K. Cervical spine and rheumatoid arthritis. Int Surg 1972; 57:721-6. [PMID: 5071828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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Khanduja PC, Agarwal KN, Chand K, Agarwal DK. Some experiences during school health survey. Indian J Pediatr 1970; 37:612-4. [PMID: 5515247 DOI: 10.1007/bf02811180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Chand K, Singh RP. Therapeutic effect of Samorin R in donkeys and dogs experimentally infected with Trypanosoma evansi. Indian Vet J 1970; 47:475-9. [PMID: 5430386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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