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Yalaz C, Bridges E, Alham NK, Zois CE, Chen J, Bensaad K, Miar A, Pires E, Muschel RJ, McCullagh JSO, Harris AL. Cone photoreceptor phosphodiesterase PDE6H inhibition regulates cancer cell growth and metabolism, replicating the dark retina response. Cancer Metab 2024; 12:5. [PMID: 38350962 PMCID: PMC10863171 DOI: 10.1186/s40170-023-00326-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND PDE6H encodes PDE6γ', the inhibitory subunit of the cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase 6 in cone photoreceptors. Inhibition of PDE6, which has been widely studied for its role in light transduction, increases cGMP levels. The purpose of this study is to characterise the role of PDE6H in cancer cell growth. METHODS From an siRNA screen for 487 genes involved in metabolism, PDE6H was identified as a controller of cell cycle progression in HCT116 cells. Role of PDE6H in cancer cell growth and metabolism was studied through the effects of its depletion on levels of cell cycle controllers, mTOR effectors, metabolite levels, and metabolic energy assays. Effect of PDE6H deletion on tumour growth was also studied in a xenograft model. RESULTS PDE6H knockout resulted in an increase of intracellular cGMP levels, as well as changes to the levels of nucleotides and key energy metabolism intermediates. PDE6H knockdown induced G1 cell cycle arrest and cell death and reduced mTORC1 signalling in cancer cell lines. Both knockdown and knockout of PDE6H resulted in the suppression of mitochondrial function. HCT116 xenografts revealed that PDE6H deletion, as well as treatment with the PDE5/6 inhibitor sildenafil, slowed down tumour growth and improved survival, while sildenafil treatment did not have an additive effect on slowing the growth of PDE6γ'-deficient tumours. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that the changes in cGMP and purine pools, as well as mitochondrial function which is observed upon PDE6γ' depletion, are independent of the PKG pathway. We show that in HCT116, PDE6H deletion replicates many effects of the dark retina response and identify PDE6H as a new target in preventing cancer cell proliferation and tumour growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceren Yalaz
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Department of Medical Oncology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.
| | - Esther Bridges
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Department of Medical Oncology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Nasullah K Alham
- Department of Engineering Science, Institute of Biomedical Engineering (IBME), University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Christos E Zois
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Department of Medical Oncology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Jianzhou Chen
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Karim Bensaad
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Department of Medical Oncology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Ana Miar
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Elisabete Pires
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Ruth J Muschel
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - James S O McCullagh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Adrian L Harris
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Department of Medical Oncology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
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Bork NI, Subramanian H, Kurelic R, Nikolaev VO, Rybalkin SD. Role of Phosphodiesterase 1 in the Regulation of Real-Time cGMP Levels and Contractility in Adult Mouse Cardiomyocytes. Cells 2023; 12:2759. [PMID: 38067187 PMCID: PMC10706287 DOI: 10.3390/cells12232759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In mouse cardiomyocytes, the expression of two subfamilies of the calcium/calmodulin-regulated cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1 (PDE1)-PDE1A and PDE1C-has been reported. PDE1C was found to be the major subfamily in the human heart. It is a dual substrate PDE and can hydrolyze both 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and 3',5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). Previously, it has been reported that the PDE1 inhibitor ITI-214 shows positive inotropic effects in heart failure patients which were largely attributed to the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) signaling. However, the role of PDE1 in the regulation of cardiac cGMP has not been directly addressed. Here, we studied the effect of PDE1 inhibition on cGMP levels in adult mouse ventricular cardiomyocytes using a highly sensitive fluorescent biosensor based on Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET). Live-cell imaging in paced and resting cardiomyocytes showed an increase in cGMP after PDE1 inhibition with ITI-214. Furthermore, PDE1 inhibition and PDE1A knockdown amplified the cGMP-FRET responses to the nitric oxide (NO)-donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) but not to the C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), indicating a specific role of PDE1 in the regulation of the NO-sensitive guanylyl cyclase (NO-GC)-regulated cGMP microdomain. ITI-214, in combination with CNP or SNP, showed a positive lusitropic effect, improving the relaxation of isolated myocytes. Immunoblot analysis revealed increased phospholamban (PLN) phosphorylation at Ser-16 in cells treated with a combination of SNP and PDE1 inhibitor but not with SNP alone. Our findings reveal a previously unreported role of PDE1 in the regulation of the NO-GC/cGMP microdomain and mouse ventricular myocyte contractility. Since PDE1 serves as a cGMP degrading PDE in cardiomyocytes and has the highest hydrolytic activities, it can be expected that PDE1 inhibition might be beneficial in combination with cGMP-elevating drugs for the treatment of cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadja I. Bork
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (N.I.B.); (H.S.); (R.K.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hariharan Subramanian
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (N.I.B.); (H.S.); (R.K.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Roberta Kurelic
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (N.I.B.); (H.S.); (R.K.)
| | - Viacheslav O. Nikolaev
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (N.I.B.); (H.S.); (R.K.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sergei D. Rybalkin
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (N.I.B.); (H.S.); (R.K.)
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3
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Yang J, Sundqvist ML, Zheng X, Jiao T, Collado A, Tratsiakovich Y, Mahdi A, Tengbom J, Mergia E, Catrina SB, Zhou Z, Carlström M, Akaike T, Cortese-Krott MM, Weitzberg E, Lundberg JO, Pernow J. Hypoxic erythrocytes mediate cardioprotection through activation of soluble guanylate cyclase and release of cyclic GMP. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e167693. [PMID: 37655658 PMCID: PMC10471167 DOI: 10.1172/jci167693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Red blood cells (RBCs) mediate cardioprotection via nitric oxide-like bioactivity, but the signaling and the identity of any mediator released by the RBCs remains unknown. We investigated whether RBCs exposed to hypoxia release a cardioprotective mediator and explored the nature of this mediator. Perfusion of isolated hearts subjected to ischemia-reperfusion with extracellular supernatant from mouse RBCs exposed to hypoxia resulted in improved postischemic cardiac function and reduced infarct size. Hypoxia increased extracellular export of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) from mouse RBCs, and exogenous cGMP mimicked the cardioprotection induced by the supernatant. The protection induced by hypoxic RBCs was dependent on RBC-soluble guanylate cyclase and cGMP transport and was sensitive to phosphodiesterase 5 and activated cardiomyocyte protein kinase G. Oral administration of nitrate to mice to increase nitric oxide bioactivity further enhanced the cardioprotective effect of hypoxic RBCs. In a placebo-controlled clinical trial, a clear cardioprotective, soluble guanylate cyclase-dependent effect was induced by RBCs collected from patients randomized to 5 weeks nitrate-rich diet. It is concluded that RBCs generate and export cGMP as a response to hypoxia, mediating cardioprotection via a paracrine effect. This effect can be further augmented by a simple dietary intervention, suggesting preventive and therapeutic opportunities in ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangning Yang
- Department of Medicine, Unit of Cardiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michaela L. Sundqvist
- Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xiaowei Zheng
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tong Jiao
- Department of Medicine, Unit of Cardiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Aida Collado
- Department of Medicine, Unit of Cardiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yahor Tratsiakovich
- Department of Medicine, Unit of Cardiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ali Mahdi
- Department of Medicine, Unit of Cardiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - John Tengbom
- Department of Medicine, Unit of Cardiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Evanthia Mergia
- Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Sergiu-Bogdan Catrina
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zhichao Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Unit of Cardiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mattias Carlström
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Takaaki Akaike
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Miriam M. Cortese-Krott
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Myocardial Infarction Laboratory, Division of Cardiology, Pneumology and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Eddie Weitzberg
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jon O. Lundberg
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - John Pernow
- Department of Medicine, Unit of Cardiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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4
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Friebe A, Kraehling JR, Russwurm M, Sandner P, Schmidtko A. The 10th International Conference on cGMP 2022: recent trends in cGMP research and development-meeting report. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:1669-1686. [PMID: 37079081 PMCID: PMC10338386 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02484-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Increasing cGMP is a unique therapeutic principle, and drugs inhibiting cGMP-degrading enzymes or stimulating cGMP production are approved for the treatment of various diseases such as erectile dysfunction, coronary artery disease, pulmonary hypertension, chronic heart failure, irritable bowel syndrome, or achondroplasia. In addition, cGMP-increasing therapies are preclinically profiled or in clinical development for quite a broad set of additional indications, e.g., neurodegenerative diseases or different forms of dementias, bone formation disorders, underlining the pivotal role of cGMP signaling pathways. The fundamental understanding of the signaling mediated by nitric oxide-sensitive (soluble) guanylyl cyclase and membrane-associated receptor (particulate) guanylyl cyclase at the molecular and cellular levels, as well as in vivo, especially in disease models, is a key prerequisite to fully exploit treatment opportunities and potential risks that could be associated with an excessive increase in cGMP. Furthermore, human genetic data and the clinical effects of cGMP-increasing drugs allow back-translation into basic research to further learn about signaling and treatment opportunities. The biannual international cGMP conference, launched nearly 20 years ago, brings all these aspects together as an established and important forum for all topics from basic science to clinical research and pivotal clinical trials. This review summarizes the contributions to the "10th cGMP Conference on cGMP Generators, Effectors and Therapeutic Implications," which was held in Augsburg in 2022 but will also provide an overview of recent key achievements and activities in the field of cGMP research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Friebe
- Institute of Physiology, University of Würzburg, Röntgenring 9, D-97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jan R. Kraehling
- Pharmaceuticals, Research and Early Development, Pharma Research Center, Bayer AG, Aprather Weg 18a, D-42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Michael Russwurm
- Institute of Pharmacology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, D-44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Peter Sandner
- Pharmaceuticals, Research and Early Development, Pharma Research Center, Bayer AG, Aprather Weg 18a, D-42096 Wuppertal, Germany
- Institute of Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Achim Schmidtko
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Goethe University, Max-Von-Laue-Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
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5
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Jiao T, Collado A, Mahdi A, Tengbom J, Tratsiakovich Y, Milne GT, Alvarsson M, Lundberg JO, Zhou Z, Yang J, Pernow J. Stimulation of Erythrocyte Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase Induces cGMP Export and Cardioprotection in Type 2 Diabetes. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2023; 8:907-918. [PMID: 37719424 PMCID: PMC10504399 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2023.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioactivity in red blood cells (RBCs) is critical for augmented myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in type 2 diabetes. This study identified the nature of "NO bioactivity" by stimulating the intracellular NO receptor soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) in RBCs. sGC stimulation in RBCs from patients with type 2 diabetes increased export of cyclic guanosine monophosphate from RBCs and activated cardiac protein kinase G, thereby attenuating ischemia-reperfusion injury. These results provide novel insight into RBC signaling by identifying cyclic guanosine monophosphate from RBC as a mediator of protection against cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury induced by sGC stimulation in RBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Jiao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Aida Collado
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ali Mahdi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - John Tengbom
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yahor Tratsiakovich
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Michael Alvarsson
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jon O Lundberg
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zhichao Zhou
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jiangning Yang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - John Pernow
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Heart and Vascular Division, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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6
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Menges L, Giesen J, Yilmaz K, Mergia E, Füchtbauer A, Füchtbauer EM, Koesling D, Russwurm M. It takes two to tango: cardiac fibroblast-derived NO-induced cGMP enters cardiac myocytes and increases cAMP by inhibiting PDE3. Commun Biol 2023; 6:504. [PMID: 37165086 PMCID: PMC10172304 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04880-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of NO/cGMP signalling in cardiac cells is a matter of debate. Recent measurements with a FRET-based cGMP indicator in isolated cardiac cells revealed NO-induced cGMP signals in cardiac fibroblasts while cardiomyocytes were devoid of these signals. In a fibroblast/myocyte co-culture model though, cGMP formed in fibroblasts in response to NO entered cardiomyocytes via gap junctions. Here, we demonstrate gap junction-mediated cGMP transfer from cardiac fibroblasts to myocytes in intact tissue. In living cardiac slices of mice with cardiomyocyte-specific expression of a FRET-based cGMP indicator (αMHC/cGi-500), NO-dependent cGMP signals were shown to occur in myocytes, to depend on gap junctions and to be degraded mainly by PDE3. Stimulation of NO-sensitive guanylyl cyclase enhanced Forskolin- and Isoproterenol-induced cAMP and phospholamban phosphorylation. Genetic inactivation of NO-GC in Tcf21-expressing cardiac fibroblasts abrogated the synergistic action of NO-GC stimulation on Iso-induced phospholamban phosphorylation, identifying fibroblasts as cGMP source and substantiating the necessity of cGMP-transfer to myocytes. In sum, NO-stimulated cGMP formed in cardiac fibroblasts enters cardiomyocytes in native tissue where it exerts an inhibitory effect on cAMP degradation by PDE3, thereby increasing cAMP and downstream effects in cardiomyocytes. Hence, enhancing β-receptor-induced contractile responses appears as one of NO/cGMP's functions in the non-failing heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Menges
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jan Giesen
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Kerem Yilmaz
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Evanthia Mergia
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Annette Füchtbauer
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | | | - Doris Koesling
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Michael Russwurm
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44780, Bochum, Germany.
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7
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Grange RMH, Preedy MEJ, Renukanthan A, Dignam JP, Lowe VJ, Moyes AJ, Pérez-Ternero C, Aubdool AA, Baliga RS, Hobbs AJ. Multidrug resistance proteins preferentially regulate natriuretic peptide-driven cGMP signalling in the heart and vasculature. Br J Pharmacol 2022; 179:2443-2459. [PMID: 34131904 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE cGMP underpins the bioactivity of NO and natriuretic peptides and is key to cardiovascular homeostasis. cGMP-driven responses are terminated primarily by PDEs, but cellular efflux via multidrug resistance proteins (MRPs) might contribute. Herein, the effect of pharmacological blockade of MRPs on cGMP signalling in the heart and vasculature was investigated in vitro and in vivo. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Proliferation of human coronary artery smooth muscle cells (hCASMCs), vasorelaxation of murine aorta and reductions in mean arterial BP (MABP) in response to NO donors or natriuretic peptides were determined in the absence and presence of the MRP inhibitor MK571. The ability of MRP inhibition to reverse morphological and contractile deficits in a murine model of pressure overload-induced heart failure was also explored. KEY RESULTS MK571 attenuated hCASMC growth and enhanced the anti-proliferative effects of NO and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP). MRP blockade caused concentration-dependent relaxations of murine aorta and augmented responses to ANP (and to a lesser extent NO). MK571 did not decrease MABP per se but enhanced the hypotensive actions of ANP and improved structural and functional indices of disease severity in experimental heart failure. These beneficial actions of MRP inhibition were associated with a greater intracellular:extracellular cGMP ratio in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS MRP blockade promotes the cardiovascular functions of natriuretic peptides in vitro and in vivo, with more modest effects on NO. MRP inhibition may have therapeutic utility in cardiovascular diseases triggered by dysfunctional cGMP signalling, particularly those associated with altered natriuretic peptide bioactivity. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed issue on cGMP Signalling in Cell Growth and Survival. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v179.11/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert M H Grange
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael E J Preedy
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Aniruthan Renukanthan
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Joshua P Dignam
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Vanessa J Lowe
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Amie J Moyes
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Cristina Pérez-Ternero
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Aisah A Aubdool
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Reshma S Baliga
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Adrian J Hobbs
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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8
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Durgin BG, Wood KC, Hahn SA, McMahon B, Baust JJ, Straub AC. Smooth muscle cell CYB5R3 preserves cardiac and vascular function under chronic hypoxic stress. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022; 162:72-80. [PMID: 34536439 PMCID: PMC8766905 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Chronic hypoxia is a major driver of cardiovascular complications, including heart failure. The nitric oxide (NO) - soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) - cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) pathway is integral to vascular tone maintenance. Specifically, NO binds its receptor sGC within vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) in its reduced heme (Fe2+) form to increase intracellular cGMP production, activate protein kinase G (PKG) signaling, and induce vessel relaxation. Under chronic hypoxia, oxidative stress drives oxidation of sGC heme (Fe2+→Fe3+), rendering it NO-insensitive. We previously showed that cytochrome b5 reductase 3 (CYB5R3) in SMC is a sGC reductase important for maintaining NO-dependent vasodilation and conferring resilience to systemic hypertension and sickle cell disease-associated pulmonary hypertension. To test whether CYB5R3 may be protective in the context of chronic hypoxia, we subjected SMC-specific CYB5R3 knockout mice (SMC CYB5R3 KO) to 3 weeks hypoxia and assessed vascular and cardiac function using echocardiography, pressure volume loops and wire myography. Hypoxic stress caused 1) biventricular hypertrophy in both WT and SMC CYB5R3 KO, but to a larger degree in KO mice, 2) blunted vasodilation to NO-dependent activation of sGC in coronary and pulmonary arteries of KO mice, and 3) decreased, albeit still normal, cardiac function in KO mice. Overall, these data indicate that SMC CYB5R3 deficiency potentiates bilateral ventricular hypertrophy and blunts NO-dependent vasodilation under chronic hypoxia conditions. This implicates that SMC CYB5R3 KO mice post 3-week hypoxia have early stages of cardiac remodeling and functional changes that could foretell significantly impaired cardiac function with longer exposure to hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany G. Durgin
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Katherine C. Wood
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Scott A. Hahn
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Brenda McMahon
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jeffrey J. Baust
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Adam C. Straub
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,Center for Microvascular Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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9
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Giesen J, Mergia E, Koesling D, Russwurm M. Hippocampal AMPA- and NMDA-induced cGMP signals are mainly generated by NO-GC2 and are under tight control by PDEs 1 and 2. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 55:18-31. [PMID: 34902209 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In the central nervous system, the nitric oxide (NO)/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) signalling cascade has an established role in fine-tuning of synaptic transmission. In the present study, we asked which isoform of NO-sensitive guanylyl cyclase, NO-GC1 or NO-GC2, is responsible for generation of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA)- and AMPA (α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid)-induced cGMP signals and which of the phosphodiesterases (PDEs) is responsible for degradation. To this end, we performed live cell fluorescence measurements of primary hippocampal neurons isolated from NO-GC isoform-deficient mice. Although both isoforms contributed to the NMDA- and AMPA-induced cGMP signals, NO-GC2 clearly played the predominant role. Whereas under PDE-inhibiting conditions the cGMP levels elicited by both glutamatergic ligands were comparable, NMDA-induced cGMP signals were clearly higher than the AMPA-induced ones in the absence of PDE inhibitors. Thus, AMPA-induced cGMP signals are more tightly controlled by PDE-mediated degradation than NMDA-induced signals. In addition, these findings are compatible with the existence of at least two different pools of cGMP in both of which PDE1 and PDE2-known to be highly expressed in the hippocampus-are mainly responsible for cGMP degradation. The finding that distinct pools of cGMP are equipped with different amounts of PDEs highlights the importance of PDEs for the shape of NO-induced cGMP signals in the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Giesen
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Evanthia Mergia
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Doris Koesling
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Michael Russwurm
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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10
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Bork NI, Kuret A, Cruz Santos M, Molina CE, Reiter B, Reichenspurner H, Friebe A, Skryabin BV, Rozhdestvensky TS, Kuhn M, Lukowski R, Nikolaev VO. Rise of cGMP by partial phosphodiesterase-3A degradation enhances cardioprotection during hypoxia. Redox Biol 2021; 48:102179. [PMID: 34763298 PMCID: PMC8590074 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
3',5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) is a druggable second messenger regulating cell growth and survival in a plethora of cells and disease states, many of which are associated with hypoxia. For example, in myocardial infarction and heart failure (HF), clinical use of cGMP-elevating drugs improves disease outcomes. Although they protect mice from ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, the exact mechanism how cardiac cGMP signaling is regulated in response to hypoxia is still largely unknown. By monitoring real-time cGMP dynamics in murine and human cardiomyocytes using in vitro and in vivo models of hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) and I/R injury combined with biochemical methods, we show that hypoxia causes rapid but partial degradation of cGMP-hydrolyzing phosphodiesterase-3A (PDE3A) protein via the autophagosomal-lysosomal pathway. While increasing cGMP in hypoxia prevents cell death, partially reduced PDE3A does not change the pro-apoptotic second messenger 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). However, it leads to significantly enhanced protective effects of clinically relevant activators of nitric oxide-sensitive guanylyl cyclase (NO-GC). Collectively, our mouse and human data unravel a new mechanism by which cardiac cGMP improves hypoxia-associated disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadja I Bork
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anna Kuret
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Melanie Cruz Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Cristina E Molina
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Beate Reiter
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hermann Reichenspurner
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Friebe
- Physiologisches Institut, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Boris V Skryabin
- Core Facility Transgenic Animal and Genetic Engineering Models (TRAM), University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Timofey S Rozhdestvensky
- Core Facility Transgenic Animal and Genetic Engineering Models (TRAM), University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Michaela Kuhn
- Physiologisches Institut, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Robert Lukowski
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Viacheslav O Nikolaev
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany.
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11
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Gee LC, Massimo G, Lau C, Primus C, Fernandes D, Chen J, Rathod KS, Hamers AJP, Filomena F, Nuredini G, Ibrahim AS, Khambata RS, Gupta AK, Moon JC, Kapil V, Ahluwalia A. Inorganic nitrate attenuates cardiac dysfunction: role for xanthine oxidoreductase and nitric oxide. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:4757-4777. [PMID: 34309015 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a vasodilator and independent modulator of cardiac remodelling. Commonly, in cardiac disease (e.g. heart failure) endothelial dysfunction (synonymous with NO-deficiency) has been implicated in increased blood pressure (BP), cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. Currently no effective therapies replacing NO have succeeded in the clinic. Inorganic nitrate (NO3 - ), through chemical reduction to nitrite and then NO, exerts potent BP-lowering but whether it might be useful in treating undesirable cardiac remodelling is unknown. In a nested age- and sex-matched case-control study of hypertensive patients +/- left ventricular hypertrophy (NCT03088514) we show that lower plasma nitrite concentration and vascular dysfunction accompany cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in patients. In mouse models of cardiac remodelling, we also show that restoration of circulating nitrite levels using dietary nitrate improves endothelial dysfunction through targeting of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR)-driven H2 O2 and superoxide, and reduces cardiac fibrosis through NO-mediated block of SMAD-phosphorylation leading to improvements in cardiac structure and function. We show that via these mechanisms dietary nitrate offers easily translatable therapeutic options for treatment of cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorna C Gee
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Gianmichele Massimo
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Clement Lau
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Christopher Primus
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Daniel Fernandes
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina,, Brazil
| | - Jianmin Chen
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Krishnaraj S Rathod
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Alexander Jozua Pedro Hamers
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Federica Filomena
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Gani Nuredini
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Abdiwahab Shidane Ibrahim
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Rayomand S Khambata
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Ajay K Gupta
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - James C Moon
- UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Vikas Kapil
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Amrita Ahluwalia
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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12
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Lukowski R, Cruz Santos M, Kuret A, Ruth P. cGMP and mitochondrial K + channels-Compartmentalized but closely connected in cardioprotection. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:2344-2360. [PMID: 33991427 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The 3',5'-cGMP pathway triggers cytoprotective responses and improves cardiomyocyte survival during myocardial ischaemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury. These beneficial effects were attributed to NO-sensitive GC induced cGMP production leading to activation of cGMP-dependent protein kinase I (cGKI). cGKI in turn phosphorylates many substrates, which eventually facilitate opening of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channels (mitoKATP ) and Ca2+ -activated potassium channels of the BK type (mitoBK). Accordingly, agents activating mitoKATP or mitoBK provide protection against I/R-induced damages. Here, we provide an up-to-date summary of the infarct-limiting actions exhibited by the GC/cGMP axis and discuss how mitoKATP and mitoBK, which are present at the inner mitochondrial membrane, confer mito- and cytoprotective effects on cardiomyocytes exposed to I/R injury. In view of this, we believe that the functional connection between the cGMP cascade and mitoK+ channels should be exploited further as adjunct to reperfusion therapy in myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Lukowski
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Melanie Cruz Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Anna Kuret
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Peter Ruth
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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13
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Feil R, Lehners M, Stehle D, Feil S. Visualising and understanding cGMP signals in the cardiovascular system. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:2394-2412. [PMID: 33880767 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
cGMP is an important signalling molecule in humans. Fluorescent cGMP biosensors have emerged as powerful tools for the sensitive analysis of cGMP pathways at the single-cell level. Here, we briefly outline cGMP's multifaceted role in (patho)physiology and pharmacotherapy. Then we summarise what new insights cGMP imaging has provided into endogenous cGMP signalling and drug action, with a focus on the cardiovascular system. Indeed, the use of cGMP biosensors has led to several conceptual advances, such as the discovery of local, intercellular and mechanosensitive cGMP signals. Importantly, single-cell imaging can provide valuable information about the heterogeneity of cGMP signals within and between individual cells of an isolated cell population or tissue. We also discuss current challenges and future directions of cGMP imaging, such as the direct visualisation of cGMP microdomains, simultaneous monitoring of cGMP and other signalling molecules and, ultimately, cGMP imaging in tissues and animals under close-to-native conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Feil
- Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Moritz Lehners
- Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Daniel Stehle
- Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Susanne Feil
- Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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14
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Abstract
The 3',5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent protein kinase type I (cGKI aka PKGI) is a major cardiac effector acting downstream of nitric oxide (NO)-sensitive soluble guanylyl cyclase and natriuretic peptides (NPs), which signal through transmembrane guanylyl cyclases. Consistent with the wide distribution of the cGMP-generating guanylyl cyclases, cGKI, which usually elicits its cellular effects by direct phosphorylation of its targets, is present in multiple cardiac cell types including cardiomyocytes (CMs). Although numerous targets of cGMP/cGKI in heart were identified in the past, neither their exact patho-/physiological functions nor cell-type specific roles are clear. Herein, we inform about the current knowledge on the signal transduction downstream of CM cGKI. We believe that better insights into the specific actions of cGMP and cGKI in these cells will help to guide future studies in the search for predictive biomarkers for the response to pharmacological cGMP pathway modulation. In addition, targets downstream of cGMP/cGKI may be exploited for refined and optimized diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in different types of heart disease and their causes. Importantly, key functions of these proteins and particularly sites of regulatory phosphorylation by cGKI should, at least in principle, remain intact, although upstream signaling through the second messenger cGMP is impaired or dysregulated in a stressed or diseased heart state.
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15
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Rüdebusch J, Benkner A, Nath N, Fleuch L, Kaderali L, Grube K, Klingel K, Eckstein G, Meitinger T, Fielitz J, Felix SB. Stimulation of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) by riociguat attenuates heart failure and pathological cardiac remodelling. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 179:2430-2442. [PMID: 33247945 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Heart failure is associated with an impaired NO-soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC)-cGMP pathway and its augmentation is thought to be beneficial for its therapy. We hypothesized that stimulation of sGC by the sGC stimulator riociguat prevents pathological cardiac remodelling and heart failure in response to chronic pressure overload. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Transverse aortic constriction or sham surgery was performed in C57BL/6N mice. After 3 weeks of transverse aortic constriction when heart failure was established, animals receive either riociguat or its vehicle for 5 additional weeks. Cardiac function was evaluated weekly by echocardiography. Eight weeks after surgery, histological analyses were performed to evaluate remodelling and the transcriptome of the left ventricles (LVs) was analysed by RNA sequencing. Cell culture experiments were used for mechanistically studies. KEY RESULTS Transverse aortic constriction resulted in a continuous decrease of LV ejection fraction and an increase in LV mass until week 3. Five weeks of riociguat treatment resulted in an improved LV ejection fraction and a decrease in the ratio of left ventricular mass to total body weight (LVM/BW), myocardial fibrosis and myocyte cross-sectional area. RNA sequencing revealed that riociguat reduced the expression of myocardial stress and remodelling genes (e.g. Nppa, Nppb, Myh7 and collagen) and attenuated the activation of biological pathways associated with cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Riociguat reversed pathological stress response in cultivated myocytes and fibroblasts. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Stimulation of the sGC reverses transverse aortic constriction-induced heart failure and remodelling, which is associated with improved myocardial gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Rüdebusch
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Greifswald), Greifswald, Germany
| | - Alexander Benkner
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Greifswald), Greifswald, Germany
| | - Neetika Nath
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Lina Fleuch
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Greifswald), Greifswald, Germany
| | - Lars Kaderali
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Greifswald), Greifswald, Germany.,Institute of Bioinformatics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Karina Grube
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Greifswald), Greifswald, Germany
| | - Karin Klingel
- Cardiopathology, Institute for Pathology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gertrud Eckstein
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jens Fielitz
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Greifswald), Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stephan B Felix
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Greifswald), Greifswald, Germany
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16
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Angiotensin II-Induced Cardiovascular Fibrosis Is Attenuated by NO-Sensitive Guanylyl Cyclase1. Cells 2020; 9:cells9112436. [PMID: 33171621 PMCID: PMC7695185 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In the NO/cGMP signaling cascade, relevant in the cardiovascular system, two NO-sensitive guanylyl cyclase (NO-GC) isoforms are responsible for NO-dependent cGMP generation. Here, the impact of the major NO-GC isoform, NO-GC1, on fibrosis development in the cardiovascular system was studied in NO-GC1-deficient mice treated with AngiotensinII (AngII), known to induce vascular and cardiac remodeling. Morphometric analysis of NO-GC1 KO’s aortae demonstrated an enhanced increase of perivascular area after AngII treatment accompanied by a higher aortic collagen1 mRNA content. Increased perivascular fibrosis also occurred in cardiac vessels of AngII-treated NO-GC1 KO mice. In line, AngII-induced interstitial fibrosis was 32% more pronounced in NO-GC1 KO than in WT myocardia associated with a higher cardiac Col1 and other fibrotic marker protein content. In sum, increased perivascular and cardiac interstitial fibrosis together with the enhanced collagen1 mRNA content in AngII-treated NO-GC1-deficient mice represent an exciting manifestation of antifibrotic properties of cGMP formed by NO-GC1, a finding with great pharmaco-therapeutic implications.
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17
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Abstract
3',5'-Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) is a ubiquitous second messenger, which critically regulates cardiac pump function and protects from the development of cardiac hypertrophy by acting in various subcellular microdomains. Although clinical studies testing the potential of cGMP elevating drugs in patients suffering from cardiac disease showed promising results, deeper insight into the local actions of these drugs at the subcellular level are indispensable to inspire novel therapeutic strategies. Detailed information on the spatio-temporal dynamics of cGMP production and degradation can be provided by the use of fluorescent biosensors that are capable of monitoring this second messenger at different locations inside the cell with high temporal and spatial resolution. In this review, we will summarize how these emerging new tools have improved our understanding of cardiac cGMP signaling in health and disease, and attempt to anticipate future challenges in the field.
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18
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Kolijn D, Kovács Á, Herwig M, Lódi M, Sieme M, Alhaj A, Sandner P, Papp Z, Reusch PH, Haldenwang P, Falcão-Pires I, Linke WA, Jaquet K, Van Linthout S, Mügge A, Tschöpe C, Hamdani N. Enhanced Cardiomyocyte Function in Hypertensive Rats With Diastolic Dysfunction and Human Heart Failure Patients After Acute Treatment With Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase (sGC) Activator. Front Physiol 2020; 11:345. [PMID: 32523538 PMCID: PMC7261855 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Our aim was to investigate the effect of nitric oxide (NO)-independent activation of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) on cardiomyocyte function in a hypertensive animal model with diastolic dysfunction and in biopsies from human heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Methods Dahl salt-sensitive (DSS) rats and control rats were fed a high-salt diet for 10 weeks and then acutely treated in vivo with the sGC activator BAY 58-2667 (cinaciguat) for 30 min. Single skinned cardiomyocyte passive stiffness (Fpassive) was determined in rats and human myocardium biopsies before and after acute treatment. Titin phosphorylation, activation of the NO/sGC/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)/protein kinase G (PKG) cascade, as well as hypertrophic pathways including NO/sGC/cGMP/PKG, PKA, calcium–calmodulin kinase II (CaMKII), extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2), and PKC were assessed. In addition, we explored the contribution of pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress levels to the modulation of cardiomyocyte function. Immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy were used to assess the translocation of sGC and connexin 43 proteins in the rat model before and after treatment. Results High cardiomyocyte Fpassive was found in rats and human myocardial biopsies compared to control groups, which was attributed to hypophosphorylation of total titin and to deranged site-specific phosphorylation of elastic titin regions. This was accompanied by lower levels of PKG and PKA activity, along with dysregulation of hypertrophic pathway markers such as CaMKII, PKC, and ERK2. Furthermore, DSS rats and human myocardium biopsies showed higher pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress compared to controls. DSS animals benefited from treatment with the sGC activator, as Fpassive, titin phosphorylation, PKG and the hypertrophic pathway kinases, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and oxidative stress markers all significantly improved to the level observed in controls. Immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy revealed a translocation of sGC protein toward the intercalated disc and t-tubuli following treatment in both control and DSS samples. This translocation was confirmed by staining for the gap junction protein connexin 43 at the intercalated disk. DSS rats showed a disrupted connexin 43 pattern, and sGC activator was able to partially reduce disruption and increase expression of connexin 43. In human HFpEF biopsies, the high Fpassive, reduced titin phosphorylation, dysregulation of the NO–sGC–cGMP–PKG pathway and PKA activity level, and activity of kinases involved in hypertrophic pathways CaMKII, PKC, and ERK2 were all significantly improved by sGC treatment and accompanied by a reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers. Conclusion Our data show that sGC activator improves cardiomyocyte function, reduces inflammation and oxidative stress, improves sGC–PKG signaling, and normalizes hypertrophic kinases, indicating that it is a potential treatment option for HFpEF patients and perhaps also for cases with increased hypertrophic signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Detmar Kolijn
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St. Joseph Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Árpád Kovács
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St. Joseph Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Melissa Herwig
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St. Joseph Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Mária Lódi
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St. Joseph Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,University of Debrecen, Kálmán Laki Doctoral School, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Marcel Sieme
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Abdulatif Alhaj
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St. Joseph Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Peter Sandner
- Bayer AG, Drug Discovery Cardiology, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Zoltán Papp
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Peter H Reusch
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Peter Haldenwang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Bergmannsheil Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ines Falcão-Pires
- Department of Surgery and Physiology and Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Wolfgang A Linke
- Institute of Physiology II, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Kornelia Jaquet
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St. Joseph Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Sophie Van Linthout
- Department of Medicine and Cardiology (CVK), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Mügge
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St. Joseph Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Carsten Tschöpe
- Department of Medicine and Cardiology (CVK), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nazha Hamdani
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St. Joseph Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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Friebe A, Sandner P, Schmidtko A. cGMP: a unique 2nd messenger molecule - recent developments in cGMP research and development. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 393:287-302. [PMID: 31853617 PMCID: PMC7260148 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01779-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) is a unique second messenger molecule formed in different cell types and tissues. cGMP targets a variety of downstream effector molecules and, thus, elicits a very broad variety of cellular effects. Its production is triggered by stimulation of either soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) or particulate guanylyl cyclase (pGC); both enzymes exist in different isoforms. cGMP-induced effects are regulated by endogenous receptor ligands such as nitric oxide (NO) and natriuretic peptides (NPs). Depending on the distribution of sGC and pGC and the formation of ligands, this pathway regulates not only the cardiovascular system but also the kidney, lung, liver, and brain function; in addition, the cGMP pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of fibrosis, inflammation, or neurodegeneration and may also play a role in infectious diseases such as malaria. Moreover, new pharmacological approaches are being developed which target sGC- and pGC-dependent pathways for the treatment of various diseases. Therefore, it is of key interest to understand this pathway from scratch, beginning with the molecular basis of cGMP generation, the structure and function of both guanylyl cyclases and cGMP downstream targets; research efforts also focus on the subsequent signaling cascades, their potential crosstalk, and also the translational and, ultimately, the clinical implications of cGMP modulation. This review tries to summarize the contributions to the "9th International cGMP Conference on cGMP Generators, Effectors and Therapeutic Implications" held in Mainz in 2019. Presented data will be discussed and extended also in light of recent landmark findings and ongoing activities in the field of preclinical and clinical cGMP research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Friebe
- Institute of Physiology, University of Würzburg, Röntgenring 9, D-97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Peter Sandner
- Drug Discovery, Bayer AG, Aprather Weg 18a, D-42096 Wuppertal, Germany and Institute of Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Achim Schmidtko
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Menges L, Krawutschke C, Füchtbauer EM, Füchtbauer A, Sandner P, Koesling D, Russwurm M. Mind the gap (junction): cGMP induced by nitric oxide in cardiac myocytes originates from cardiac fibroblasts. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:4696-4707. [PMID: 31423565 PMCID: PMC6965686 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose The intracellular signalling molecule cGMP, formed by NO‐sensitive GC (NO–GC), has an established function in the vascular system. Despite numerous reports about NO‐induced cGMP effects in the heart, the underlying cGMP signals are poorly characterized. Experimental Approach Therefore, we analysed cGMP signals in cardiac myocytes and fibroblasts isolated from knock‐in mice expressing a FRET‐based cGMP indicator. Key Results Whereas in cardiac myocytes, none of the known NO–GC‐activating substances (NO, GC activators, and GC stimulators) increased cGMP even in the presence of PDE inhibitors, they induced substantial cGMP increases in cardiac fibroblasts. As cardiac myocytes and fibroblasts are electrically connected via gap junctions, we asked whether cGMP can take the same route. Indeed, in cardiomyocytes co‐cultured on cardiac fibroblasts, NO‐induced cGMP signals were detectable, and two groups of unrelated gap junction inhibitors abolished these signals. Conclusion and Implication We conclude that NO‐induced cGMP formed in cardiac fibroblasts enters cardiac myocytes via gap junctions thereby turning cGMP into an intercellular signalling molecule. The findings shed new light on NO/cGMP signalling in the heart and will potentially broaden therapeutic opportunities for cardiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Menges
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | | | - Ernst-Martin Füchtbauer
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Annette Füchtbauer
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Peter Sandner
- Drug Discovery, Cardiovascular Research, Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Doris Koesling
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Michael Russwurm
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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Giesen J, Füchtbauer EM, Füchtbauer A, Funke K, Koesling D, Russwurm M. AMPA Induces NO-Dependent cGMP Signals in Hippocampal and Cortical Neurons via L-Type Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels. Cereb Cortex 2019; 30:2128-2143. [DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhz227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe nitric oxide (NO)/cGMP signaling cascade has an established role in synaptic plasticity. However, with conventional methods, the underlying cGMP signals were barely detectable. Here, we set out to confirm the well-known NMDA-induced cGMP increases, to test the impact of AMPA on those signals, and to identify the relevant phosphodiesterases (PDEs) using a more sensitive fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based method. Therefore, a “knock-in” mouse was generated that expresses a FRET-based cGMP indicator (cGi-500) allowing detection of cGMP concentrations between 100 nM and 3 μM. Measurements were performed in cultured hippocampal and cortical neurons as well as acute hippocampal slices. In hippocampal and cortical neurons, NMDA elicited cGMP signals half as high as the ones elicited by exogenous NO. Interestingly, AMPA increased cGMP independently of NMDA receptors and dependent on NO synthase (NOS) activation. NMDA- and AMPA-induced cGMP signals were not additive indicating that both pathways converge on the level of NOS. Accordingly, the same PDEs, PDE1 and PDE2, were responsible for degradation of NMDA- as well as AMPA-induced cGMP signals. Mechanistically, AMPAR induced calcium influx through L-type voltage-gated calcium channels leading to NOS and finally NO-sensitive guanylyl cyclase activation. Our results demonstrate that in addition to NMDA also AMPA triggers endogenous NO formation and hence cGMP production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Giesen
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Ernst-Martin Füchtbauer
- Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Annette Füchtbauer
- Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Klaus Funke
- Department of Neurophysiology, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Doris Koesling
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Michael Russwurm
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
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