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Nusraty S, Boddeti U, Zaghloul KA, Brown DA. Microglia in Glioblastomas: Molecular Insight and Immunotherapeutic Potential. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1972. [PMID: 38893093 PMCID: PMC11171200 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16111972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most aggressive and devastating primary brain tumors, with a median survival of 15 months following diagnosis. Despite the intense treatment regimen which routinely includes maximal safe neurosurgical resection followed by adjuvant radio- and chemotherapy, the disease remains uniformly fatal. The poor prognosis associated with GBM is multifactorial owing to factors such as increased proliferation, angiogenesis, and metabolic switching to glycolytic pathways. Critically, GBM-mediated local and systemic immunosuppression result in inadequate immune surveillance and ultimately, tumor-immune escape. Microglia-the resident macrophages of the central nervous system (CNS)-play crucial roles in mediating the local immune response in the brain. Depending on the specific pathological cues, microglia are activated into either a pro-inflammatory, neurotoxic phenotype, known as M1, or an anti-inflammatory, regenerative phenotype, known as M2. In either case, microglia secrete corresponding pro- or anti-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines that either promote or hinder tumor growth. Herein, we review the interplay between GBM cells and resident microglia with a focus on contemporary studies highlighting the effect of GBM on the subtypes of microglia expressed, the associated cytokines/chemokines secreted, and ultimately, their impact on tumor pathogenesis. Finally, we explore how understanding the intricacies of the tumor-immune landscape can inform novel immunotherapeutic strategies against this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Desmond A. Brown
- Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (S.N.); (U.B.); (K.A.Z.)
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Keawvilai P, Kueanjinda P, Klomsing J, Palaga T. Coculturing liver cancer cells and monocytes in spheroids conditions monocytes to adopt tumor-associated macrophage phenotypes that favor tumor growth via cholesterol metabolism. J Leukoc Biol 2024; 115:344-357. [PMID: 37742062 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiad114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-infiltrating immune cells and their crosstalk with cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) play a crucial role in shaping tumor progression and response to therapy. We utilized 3-dimensional liver cancer spheroids incorporating human primary monocytes to investigate the crosstalk between tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, HepG2 and PLC/PRF/5. Using multiplexed gene expression panels, the critical pathways involved in shaping primary human monocytes to adopt TAMs phenotypes were identified. The specific inhibitor for an identified pathway was used to explore its involvement in polarization of TAMs. In the cocultured spheroids comprising the human HCC cell lines, the infiltrating monocytes resembled protumor M2-like macrophage phenotypes. Gene expression panels of the infiltrating monocytes demonstrated that the upregulated genes were enriched in the cholesterol metabolism pathway. Cholesterol metabolism-related genes were upregulated together with the nuclear receptors, PPARG and LXR. When lysosomal acid lipase (LAL), the key enzyme necessary for the hydrolysis of lipoprotein, was inhibited, infiltrating monocytes in 3-dimensional spheroid coculture showed significantly decreased M2 marker and lipid uptake receptor expression as well as increased cellular lipid content, which indicated that cholesterol metabolism was important for conditioning the TAMs. Moreover, LAL inhibition reduced the spheroid growth and invasiveness of HCC cell lines. Small interfering RNA-mediated LAL silencing in monocytes yielded similar results upon spheroid coculture. These data indicated that liver cancer cells and infiltrating monocytes participate in crosstalk via cholesterol metabolism to condition monocytes toward TAMs, which favors tumor growth and survival, thereby promoting liver cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pornlapat Keawvilai
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phyathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Phyathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Patipark Kueanjinda
- Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Phyathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Rama 4 Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Jeerameth Klomsing
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phyathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Tanapat Palaga
- Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Phyathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phyathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Elguindy M, Young JS, Mondal I, Lu RO, Ho WS. Glioma-Immune Cell Crosstalk in Tumor Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:308. [PMID: 38254796 PMCID: PMC10813573 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioma progression is a complex process controlled by molecular factors that coordinate the crosstalk between tumor cells and components of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Among these, immune cells play a critical role in cancer survival and progression. The complex interplay between cancer cells and the immune TME influences the outcome of immunotherapy and other anti-cancer therapies. Here, we present an updated view of the pro- and anti-tumor activities of the main myeloid and lymphocyte cell populations in the glioma TME. We review the underlying mechanisms involved in crosstalk between cancer cells and immune cells that enable gliomas to evade the immune system and co-opt these cells for tumor growth. Lastly, we discuss the current and experimental therapeutic options being developed to revert the immunosuppressive activity of the glioma TME. Knowledge of the complex interplay that elapses between tumor and immune cells may help develop new combination treatments able to overcome tumor immune evasion mechanisms and enhance response to immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Winson S. Ho
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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Lin J, Huang G, Zeng Q, Zhang R, Lin Y, Li Y, Huang B, Pan H. IGFBP5, as a Prognostic Indicator Promotes Tumor Progression and Correlates with Immune Microenvironment in Glioma. J Cancer 2024; 15:232-250. [PMID: 38164271 PMCID: PMC10751672 DOI: 10.7150/jca.87733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 5 (IGFBP5) is highly expressed in multiple human cancers, including glioma. Despite this, it remains unclear what role it plays in glioma. The aim of the present study was to analyze whether IGFBP5 could be used as a predictor of prognosis and immune infiltration in glioma. Methods: Glioma patients' clinical information was collected from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA), Rembrandt, and Gravendeel databases. The diagnostic and prognostic roles of IGFBP5 were assessed by the Kaplan-Meier survival curves, diagnostic receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, nomogram model, Cox regression analysis and Enrichment analysis by R software. Moreover, the correlation between IGFBP5 expression and immune cell infiltration, and immune checkpoint genes was conducted. Immunohistochemistry staining, CCK8, colony formation, scratch and transwell assays and western blot were used to interrogate the expression and function of IGFBP5 in glioma. Results: IGFBP5 levels were obviously increased in glioma with higher malignancy and predicted poor outcomes by Univariate and multivariate Cox analysis. The biological function analysis revealed that IGFBP5 correlated closely with immune signatures. Moreover, IGFBP5 expression was associated with tumor infiltration of B cells, T cells, macrophages, and NK cells. IGFBP5 affected glioma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion probably involved in the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and Hippo-YAP signaling pathway. Further study showed that IGFBP5 induced the expression of PD-L1 and CXCR4. Conclusions: IGFBP5 as an oncogene is a useful biomarker of prognosis and correlates with progression and immune infiltration in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiediao Lin
- Central laboratory, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Guowei Huang
- Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Qianru Zeng
- Central laboratory, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Rendong Zhang
- Central laboratory, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
- The Breast Center, Surgical Oncology Session No. 1, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Yun Lin
- Central laboratory, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Yaochen Li
- Central laboratory, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Baohua Huang
- Department of Pathology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Hongchao Pan
- Central laboratory, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
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Xu S, Xiao H, Song T, Zeng Y, Wei C, Chen T, Hu Z, Guo R, Li D, Jiang M. HOXD9 is a potential prognostic biomarker involved in immune microenvironment of glioma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:14911-14926. [PMID: 37603105 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05275-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioma is the prevailing malignant tumor affecting the brain and central nervous system, constituting over 80% of all malignant brain tumors. HOXD9 has been implicated in the development of glioma, but the specific mechanism of its influence on glioma pathogenesis remains incompletely understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of HOXD9 in glioma and examine the changes in HOXD9 expression during the progression of glioma, thus contributing new insights into the pathogenesis of glioma. METHODS Glioma samples from the Cancer Gene Atlas (TCGA) and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) datasets were included in this study. Variations in HOXD9 expression in gliomas between different subgroups of multiple clinical characteristics were explored, and the expression was validated in glioma samples using qRT-PCR and western blotting. Next, the impact of HOXD9 on the prognosis of gliomas was explored by survival analysis, receiver operating characteristic curve, and nomogram plots. Subsequently, the association between HOXD9 and the tumor immune microenvironment was explored using the ssGSEA algorithm and the ESTIMATE algorithm. Then, immune-related pathways associated with HOXD9 were determined by differential express analysis and GSEA. Finally, HOXD9-related genomic alterations were identified. RESULTS HOXD9 expression is upregulated and correlated with malignant properties in glioma. Similarly, our validation results showed significantly upregulated protein and mRNA levels of HOXD9 in glioma brain tissues. In addition, high HOXD9 expression was indicative of a poor prognosis for glioma patients. Additionally, elevated HOXD9 levels were associated with reduced tumor purity and higher levels of immune invasion. Finally, HOXD9 was significantly associated with genomic alterations. CONCLUSION Overall, this study has unveiled a significant association between HOXD9 and the prognosis and survival of glioma patients. Our findings highlight the potential of HOXD9 as a prognostic biomarker, implicating its role in influencing the glioma immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumei Xu
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Xiao
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Youjie Zeng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenglong Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiange Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hainan General Hospital/Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongxu Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ren Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dai Li
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China.
| | - Minghao Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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Ma W, Mei P. SLC10A3 Is a Prognostic Biomarker and Involved in Immune Infiltration and Programmed Cell Death in Lower Grade Glioma. World Neurosurg 2023; 178:e595-e640. [PMID: 37543196 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2023.07.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between SLC10A3 (solute carrier family 10 member 3) and lower grade glioma (LGG) remains unclear. METHODS We used public databases and bioinformatics analysis to analyze SLC10A3. These included The Cancer Genome Atlas, Genotype-Tissue Expansion, Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas, Human Protein Atlas, GeneCards, cBioPortal, Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis, Tumor Immune Estimation Resource, Tumor-Immune System Interaction Database, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, Kaplan-Meier analysis, Cox analysis, nomograms, calibration plots, gene ontology/Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis, gene set enrichment analysis, single-sample gene set enrichment analysis, and Spearman's correlation analysis. RESULTS SLC10A3 was upregulated in adrenocortical carcinoma, glioblastoma, and LGG and was associated with good overall survival (OS) in adrenocortical carcinoma and poor OS in LGG and glioblastoma. SLC10A3 was increased with increased World Health Organization grade, upregulated in isocitrate dehydrogenase-wild type, 1p/19q (chromosome arms 1p and 19q) non-co-deleted, and higher in astrocytoma. Patients with LGG were grouped by the occurrence of the clinical outcome endpoints (i.e., OS, disease-specific survival [DSS], and progression-free interval events). Genetic alterations in SLC10A3 were associated with poor progression-free survival in LGG. Most of clinical characteristics were associated with the SLC10A3 expression level. SLC10A3 with diagnostic and prognostic value (OS, DSS, and progression-free interval) was an independent prognostic factor in LGG. Moreover, Nomograms (WHO grade, 1p/19q codeletion, age and SLC10A3) had moderately accurate predictive for OS and DSS. Functional analysis showed that SLC10A3 might participate in the transport of multiple substances, neurogenic signaling, immune response, and programmed cell death in LGG. SLC10A3 correlated with immune infiltration in LGG and moderately correlated with the gene signature of pyroptosis, lysosome-dependent cell death, necroptosis, apoptosis, ferroptosis, alkaliptosis, and autophagy-dependent cell death. CONCLUSIONS SLC10A3 is a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for LGG and might be associated with substance transport, neurogenic signaling, immune infiltration, and programmed cell death in LGG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibo Ma
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Pengying Mei
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.
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Ward J, Martin P. Live-imaging studies reveal how microclots and the associated inflammatory response enhance cancer cell extravasation. J Cell Sci 2023; 136:jcs261225. [PMID: 37671502 PMCID: PMC10561694 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous clinical studies and work in mouse models have indicated that platelets and microclots might enable the recruitment of immune cells to the pre-metastatic cancer niche, leading to efficacious extravasation of cancer cells through the vessel wall. Here, we investigated the interaction between platelets, endothelial cells, inflammatory cells, and engrafted human and zebrafish cancer cells by live-imaging studies in translucent zebrafish larvae, and show how clotting (and clot resolution) act as foci and as triggers for extravasation. Fluorescent tagging in each lineage revealed their dynamic behaviour and potential roles in these events, and we tested function by genetic and drug knockdown of the contributing players. Morpholino knockdown of fibrinogen subunit α (fga) and warfarin treatment to inhibit clotting both abrogated extravasation of cancer cells. The inflammatory phenotype appeared fundamental, and we show that forcing a pro-inflammatory, tnfa-positive phenotype is inhibitory to extravasation of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juma Ward
- School of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Paul Martin
- School of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
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Wang Y, Barrett A, Hu Q. Targeting Macrophages for Tumor Therapy. AAPS J 2023; 25:80. [PMID: 37589825 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-023-00845-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages, as one of the most abundant tumor-infiltrating cells, play an important role in tumor development and metastasis. The frequency and polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) correlate with disease progression, tumor metastasis, and resistance to various treatments. Pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages hold the potential to engulf tumor cells. In contrast, anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages, which are predominantly present in tumors, potentiate tumor progression and immune escape. Targeting macrophages to modulate the tumor immune microenvironment can ameliorate the tumor-associated immunosuppression and elicit an anti-tumor immune response. Strategies to repolarize TAMs, deplete TAMs, and block inhibitory signaling hold great potential in tumor therapy. Besides, biomimetic carriers based on macrophages have been extensively explored to prolong circulation, enhance tumor-targeted delivery, and reduce the immunogenicity of therapeutics to augment therapeutic efficacy. Moreover, the genetic engineering of macrophages with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) allows them to recognize tumor antigens and perform tumor cell-specific phagocytosis. These strategies will expand the toolkit for treating tumors, especially for solid tumors, drug-resistant tumors, and metastatic tumors. Herein, we introduce the role of macrophages in tumor progression, summarize the recent advances in macrophage-centered anticancer therapy, and discuss their challenges as well as future applications. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Wang
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, I 53705, Madison, U.S.A
- Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, I 53705, Madison, U.S.A
- Wisconsin Center for NanoBioSystems, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, I 53705, Madison, U.S.A
| | - Allie Barrett
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, I 53705, Madison, U.S.A
| | - Quanyin Hu
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, I 53705, Madison, U.S.A..
- Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, I 53705, Madison, U.S.A..
- Wisconsin Center for NanoBioSystems, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, I 53705, Madison, U.S.A..
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Tsukamoto S, Koma YI, Kitamura Y, Tanigawa K, Azumi Y, Miyako S, Urakami S, Hosono M, Kodama T, Nishio M, Shigeoka M, Yokozaki H. Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 Induced in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells via Close Contact with Tumor-Associated Macrophages Contributes to Cancer Progression and Poor Prognosis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15112987. [PMID: 37296952 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15112987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) contribute to disease progression in various cancers, including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). We have previously used an indirect co-culture system between ESCC cell lines and macrophages to analyze their interactions. Recently, we established a direct co-culture system to closely simulate actual ESCC cell-TAM contact. We found that matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) was induced in ESCC cells by direct co-culture with TAMs, not by indirect co-culture. MMP9 was associated with ESCC cell migration and invasion, and its expression was controlled by the Stat3 signaling pathway in vitro. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed that MMP9 expression in cancer cells at the invasive front ("cancer cell MMP9") was related to high infiltration of CD204 positive M2-like TAMs (p < 0.001) and was associated with worse overall and disease-free survival of patients (p = 0.036 and p = 0.038, respectively). Furthermore, cancer cell MMP9 was an independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival. Notably, MMP9 expression in cancer stroma was not associated with any clinicopathological factors or patient prognoses. Our results suggest that close interaction with TAMs infiltrating in cancer stroma or cancer nests induces MMP9 expression in ESCC cells, equipping them with more malignant features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Tsukamoto
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yu-Ichiro Koma
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yu Kitamura
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
- Division of Gastro-Intestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Kohei Tanigawa
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
- Division of Gastro-Intestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yuki Azumi
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
- Division of Gastro-Intestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Shoji Miyako
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
- Division of Gastro-Intestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Satoshi Urakami
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Hosono
- Division of Gastro-Intestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kodama
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Mari Nishio
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Manabu Shigeoka
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yokozaki
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
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Mas-Rosario JA, Medor JD, Jeffway MI, Martínez-Montes JM, Farkas ME. Murine macrophage-based iNos reporter reveals polarization and reprogramming in the context of breast cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1151384. [PMID: 37091169 PMCID: PMC10113556 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1151384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
As part of the first line of defense against pathogens, macrophages possess the ability to differentiate into divergent phenotypes with varying functions. The process by which these cells change their characteristics, commonly referred to as macrophage polarization, allows them to change into broadly pro-inflammatory (M1) or anti-inflammatory (M2) subtypes, and depends on the polarizing stimuli. Deregulation of macrophage phenotypes can result in different pathologies or affect the nature of some diseases, such as cancer and atherosclerosis. Therefore, a better understanding of macrophage phenotype conversion in relevant models is needed to elucidate its potential roles in disease. However, there are few existing probes to track macrophage changes in multicellular environments. In this study, we generated an eGFP reporter cell line based on inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNos) promoter activity in RAW264.7 cells (RAW:iNos-eGFP). iNos is associated with macrophage activation to pro-inflammatory states and decreases in immune-suppressing ones. We validated the fidelity of the reporter for iNos following cytokine-mediated polarization and confirmed that reporter and parental cells behaved similarly. RAW:iNos-eGFP cells were then used to track macrophage responses in different in vitro breast cancer models, and their re-education from anti- to pro-inflammatory phenotypes via a previously reported pyrimido(5,4-b)indole small molecule, PBI1. Using two mouse mammary carcinoma cell lines, 4T1 and EMT6, effects on macrophages were assessed via conditioned media, two-dimensional/monolayer co-culture, and three-dimensional spheroid models. While conditioned media derived from 4T1 or EMT6 cells and monolayer co-cultures of each cancer cell line with RAW:iNos-eGFP cells all resulted in decreased fluorescence, the trends and extents of effects differed. We also observed decreases in iNos-eGFP signal in the macrophages in co-culture assays with 4T1- or EMT6-based spheroids. We then showed that iNos production is enhanced in these cancer models using PBI1, tracking increased fluorescence. Collectively, this work demonstrates that this reporter-based approach provides a facile means to study macrophage responses in complex, multicomponent environments. Beyond the initial studies presented here, this platform can be used with a variety of in vitro models and extended to in vivo applications with intravital imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier A. Mas-Rosario
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Ahmerst, MA, United States
| | - Josue D. Medor
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Ahmerst, MA, United States
| | - Mary I. Jeffway
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Ahmerst, MA, United States
| | - José M. Martínez-Montes
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Ahmerst, MA, United States
| | - Michelle E. Farkas
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Ahmerst, MA, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Ahmerst, MA, United States
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Yang Z, Zheng Y, Wu H, Xie H, Zhao J, Chen Z, Li L, Yue X, Zhao B, Bian E. Integrative analysis of a novel super-enhancer-associated lncRNA prognostic signature and identifying LINC00945 in aggravating glioma progression. Hum Genomics 2023; 17:33. [PMID: 37004060 PMCID: PMC10064652 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-023-00480-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Super-enhancers (SEs), driving high-level expression of genes with tumor-promoting functions, have been investigated recently. However, the roles of super-enhancer-associated lncRNAs (SE-lncRNAs) in tumors remain undetermined, especially in gliomas. We here established a SE-lncRNAs expression-based prognostic signature to choose the effective treatment of glioma and identify a novel therapeutic target. METHODS Combined analysis of RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data and ChIP sequencing (ChIP-seq) data of glioma patient-derived glioma stem cells (GSCs) screened SE-lncRNAs. Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets served to construct and validate SE-lncRNA prognostic signature. The immune profiles and potential immuno- and chemotherapies response prediction value of the signature were also explored. Moreover, we verified the epigenetic activation mechanism of LINC00945 via the ChIP assay, and its effect on glioma was determined by performing the functional assay and a mouse xenograft model. RESULTS 6 SE-lncRNAs were obtained and identified three subgroups of glioma patients with different prognostic and clinical features. A risk signature was further constructed and demonstrated to be an independent prognostic factor. The high-risk group exhibited an immunosuppressive microenvironment and was higher enrichment of M2 macrophage, regulatory T cells (Tregs), and Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Patients in the high-risk group were better candidates for immunotherapy and chemotherapeutics. The SE of LINC00945 was further verified via ChIP assay. Mechanistically, BRD4 may mediate epigenetic activation of LINC00945. Additionally, overexpression of LINC00945 promoted glioma cell proliferation, EMT, migration, and invasion in vitro and xenograft tumor formation in vivo. CONCLUSION Our study constructed the first prognostic SE-lncRNA signature with the ability to optimize the choice of patients receiving immuno- and chemotherapies and provided a potential therapeutic target for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
- Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yinfei Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
- Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
| | - Haoyuan Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
- Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
| | - Han Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
- Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jiajia Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
- Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
| | - Zhigang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
- Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
| | - Lianxin Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
- Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yue
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
- Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
| | - Bing Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China.
- Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Erbao Bian
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China.
- Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China.
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12
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Mito R, Iriki T, Fujiwara Y, Pan C, Ikeda T, Nohara T, Suzuki M, Sakagami T, Komohara Y. Onionin A inhibits small-cell lung cancer proliferation through suppressing STAT3 activation induced by macrophages-derived IL-6 and cell-cell interaction with tumor-associated macrophage. Hum Cell 2023; 36:1068-1080. [PMID: 36961655 PMCID: PMC10110690 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-023-00895-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophage (TAM)-derived IL-6 is involved in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) progression and chemoresistance via the activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in the tumor microenvironment. This study aimed to identify natural compounds that suppress cell-cell interactions between TAMs and SCLC cells by inhibiting STAT3 activation. We used a library of natural compounds to identify candidate agents possessing anti-SCLC effects by inhibiting macrophage-induced tumor proliferation. SBC-3 and SBC-5, human SCLC cell lines, were used for in vitro experiments. Furthermore, we assessed the efficacy of these candidate agents in a murine xenograft model of human SCLC. Among the natural compounds examined, onionin A (ONA) inhibited IL-6-induced STAT3 activation and SCLC cell proliferation. ONA also reduced the secretion of IL-6 from macrophages and interfered with the direct effect of cell-cell interactions between macrophages and SCLC cells. Furthermore, ONA administration suppressed tumor progression in a tumor-bearing mouse model. ONA was identified as the most useful candidate for targeting cell-cell interactions between cancer cells and TAMs for anti-SCLC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remi Mito
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Toyohisa Iriki
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yukio Fujiwara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.
| | - Cheng Pan
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Ikeda
- Department of Natural Medicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, Ikeda 4-22-1, Nishi-Ku, Kumamoto, 860-0082, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Nohara
- Department of Natural Medicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, Ikeda 4-22-1, Nishi-Ku, Kumamoto, 860-0082, Japan
| | - Makoto Suzuki
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Takuro Sakagami
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Komohara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
- Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
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13
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Macrophages at the interface of the co-evolving cancer ecosystem. Cell 2023; 186:1627-1651. [PMID: 36924769 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 80.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are versatile and heterogeneous innate immune cells undertaking central functions in balancing immune responses and tissue repair to maintain homeostasis. This plasticity, once co-opted by malignant outgrowth, orchestrates manifold reciprocal interactions within the tumor microenvironment, fueling the evolution of the cancer ecosystem. Here, we review the multilayered sources of influence that jointly underpin and longitudinally shape tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) phenotypic states in solid neoplasms. We discuss how, in response to these signals, TAMs steer tumor evolution in the context of natural selection, biological dispersion, and treatment resistance. A number of research frontiers to be tackled are laid down in this review to therapeutically exploit the complex roles of TAMs in cancer. Building upon knowledge obtained from currently applied TAM-targeting strategies and using next generation technologies, we propose conceptual advances and novel therapeutic avenues to rewire TAM multifaceted regulation of the co-evolving cancer ecosystem.
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14
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Kang Z, Li S, Lin Y, Li Y, Mao Y, Zhang J, Lei T, Wang H, Su Y, Yang Y, Qiu J, Li W. A phase I dose-escalation study of SYHA1813, a VEGFR and CSF1R inhibitor, in patients with recurrent High-Grade Gliomas or Advanced Solid Tumors. Invest New Drugs 2023; 41:296-305. [PMID: 36884148 PMCID: PMC10140125 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-022-01325-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
SYHA1813 is a potent multikinase inhibitor that targets vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs)/colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R). This study aimed to evaluate the safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), and antitumor activity of escalating doses of SYHA1813 in patients with recurrent high-grade gliomas (HGGs) or advanced solid tumors. This study adopted a combination of accelerated titration and a 3 + 3 design for dose escalation, with a starting dose of 5 mg once daily. The dose escalation continued at successive dose levels until the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was determined. A total of 14 patients were enrolled and treated, including 13 with WHO grade III or IV gliomas and 1 with colorectal cancer. Two patients experienced dose-limiting toxicities (grade 4 hypertension and grade 3 mucositis oral) at 30 mg SYHA1813. The MTD was defined as 15 mg once daily. Hypertension (n = 6, 42.9%) was the most frequent treatment-related adverse event. Among evaluable patients (n = 10), 2 (20%) patients achieved partial response, and 7 (70%) had stable disease. The exposure increased with increasing doses within the studied dose range of 5 to 30 mg. Biomarker assessments demonstrated significant reductions in the levels of soluble VEGFR2 (P = .0023) and increases in the levels of VEGFA (P = .0092) and placental growth factor (P = .0484). The toxicities of SYHA1813 were manageable, and encouraging antitumor efficacy was observed in patients with recurrent malignant glioma. This study is registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ( www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx ; identifier ChiCTR2100045380).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Kang
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shenglan Li
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Lin
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongsheng Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Phase I Clinical Research Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Lei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haidan Wang
- Department of Clinical Development, CSPC Pharmaceutical Group Limited, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yangzhi Su
- Department of Clinical Development, CSPC Pharmaceutical Group Limited, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Clinical Development, CSPC Pharmaceutical Group Limited, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jingbo Qiu
- Department of Clinical Development, CSPC Pharmaceutical Group Limited, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wenbin Li
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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15
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Matsuzaki H, Komohara Y, Yano H, Fujiwara Y, Kai K, Yamada R, Yoshii D, Uekawa K, Shinojima N, Mikami Y, Mukasa A. Macrophage colony-stimulating factor potentially induces recruitment and maturation of macrophages in recurrent pituitary neuroendocrine tumors. Microbiol Immunol 2023; 67:90-98. [PMID: 36461910 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.13041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Although pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) are usually benign, some are highly invasive and recurrent. Recurrent PitNETs are often treatment-resistant and there is currently no effective evidence-based treatment. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) promote tumor growth in many cancers, but the effect of TAMs on PitNETs remains unclear. This study investigated the role of TAMs in the incidence of recurrent PitNETs. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the densities of CD163- and CD204-positive TAMs tended to increase in recurrent PitNETs. Compared with TAMs in primary lesions, those in recurrent lesions were enlarged. To clarify the cell-cell interactions between TAMs and PitNETs, in vitro experiments were performed using a mouse PitNET cell line AtT20 and the mouse macrophage cell line J774. Several cytokines related to macrophage chemotaxis and differentiation, such as M-CSF, were elevated significantly by stimulation with macrophage conditioned medium. When M-CSF immunohistochemistry analysis was performed using human PitNET samples, M-CSF expression increased significantly in recurrent lesions compared with primary lesions. Although no M-CSF receptor (M-CSFR) expression was observed in tumor cells of primary and recurrent PitNETs, flow cytometric analysis revealed that the mouse PitNET cell line expressed M-CSFR. Cellular proliferation in mouse PitNETs was inhibited by high concentrations of M-CSFR inhibitors, suggesting that cell-to-cell communication between PitNETs and macrophages induces M-CSF expression, which in turn enhances TAM chemotaxis and maturation in the tumor microenvironment. Blocking the M-CSFR signaling pathway might be a novel therapeutic adjuvant in treating recurrent PitNETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Matsuzaki
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Komohara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hiromu Yano
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yukio Fujiwara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Keitaro Kai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Rin Yamada
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Daiki Yoshii
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Ken Uekawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Naoki Shinojima
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Mikami
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Akitake Mukasa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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16
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Roles of IL-7R Induced by Interactions between Cancer Cells and Macrophages in the Progression of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15020394. [PMID: 36672342 PMCID: PMC9856499 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15020394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
High infiltration of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), which contribute to the progression of several cancer types, is correlated with poor prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). In addition to the previously reported increase in migration and invasion, ESCC cells co-cultured directly with macrophages exhibited enhanced survival and growth. Furthermore, interleukin-related molecules are associated with ESCC; however, the precise mechanism underlying this association is unclear. Therefore, we explored the role of interleukin-related molecules in ESCC progression. A cDNA microarray analysis of monocultured and co-cultured ESCC cells revealed that the interleukin 7 receptor (IL-7R) was upregulated in ESCC cells co-cultured with macrophages. Overexpression of IL-7R promoted the survival and growth of ESCC cells by activating the Akt and Erk1/2 signaling pathways. The IL-7/IL-7R axis also contributed to the promotion of ESCC cell migration via the Akt and Erk1/2 signaling pathways. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry showed that ESCC patients with high IL-7R expression in cancer nests exhibited a trend toward poor prognosis in terms of disease-free survival, and showed significant correlation with increased numbers of infiltrating macrophages and cancer-associated fibroblasts. Therefore, IL-7R, which is upregulated when directly co-cultured with macrophages, may contribute to ESCC progression by promoting the development of various malignant phenotypes in cancer cells.
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17
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The Role of MRE11 in the IL-6/STAT3 Pathway of Lung Cancer Cells. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:6132-6144. [PMID: 36547079 PMCID: PMC9776501 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44120418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MRE11 is a pivotal protein for ATM activation during double-strand DNA break. ATM kinase activations may act as lung cancer biomarkers. The IL-6/STAT3 pathway plays an important role in tumor metastasis, including lung cancer. However, the mechanism between MRE11 and the IL-6/STAT3 pathway is still unclear. In this study, we discovered that MRE11 can interact with STAT3 under IL-6 treatment and regulate STAT3 Tyr705 phosphorylation. After the knockdown of MRE11 in lung cancer cells, we discovered that IL-6 or the conditional medium of THP-1 cells can induce the mRNA expression of STAT3 downstream genes, including CCL2, in the control cells, but not in MRE11-knockdown lung cancer cells. Moreover, CCL2 secretion was lower in MRE11-knockdown lung cancer cells than in control cells after treatment with the conditional medium of RAW264.7 cells. In addition, MRE11 deficiency in lung cancer cells decreases their ability to recruit RAW 264.7 cells. Furthermore, MRE11 is a potential target for lung cancer therapy.
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18
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Kerneur C, Cano CE, Olive D. Major pathways involved in macrophage polarization in cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1026954. [PMID: 36325334 PMCID: PMC9618889 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1026954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play an important role in tissue homeostasis, tissue remodeling, immune response, and progression of cancer. Consequently, macrophages exhibit significant plasticity and change their transcriptional profile and function in response to environmental, tissue, and inflammatory stimuli resulting in pro- and anti-tumor effects. Furthermore, the categorization of tissue macrophages in inflammatory situations remains difficult; however, there is an agreement that macrophages are predominantly polarized into two different subtypes with pro- and anti-inflammatory properties, the so-called M1-like and M2-like macrophages, respectively. These two macrophage classes can be considered as the extreme borders of a continuum of many intermediate subsets. On one end, M1 are pro-inflammatory macrophages that initiate an immunological response, damage tissue integrity, and dampen tumor progression by fostering robust T and natural killer (NK) cell anti-tumoral responses. On the other end, M2 are anti-inflammatory macrophages involved in tissue remodeling and tumor growth, that promote cancer cell proliferation, invasion, tumor metastasis, angiogenesis and that participate to immune suppression. These decisive roles in tumor progression occur through the secretion of cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and matrix metalloproteases, as well as by the expression of immune checkpoint receptors in the case of M2 macrophages. Moreover, macrophage plasticity is supported by stimuli from the Tumor Microenvironment (TME) that are relayed to the nucleus through membrane receptors and signaling pathways that result in gene expression reprogramming in macrophages, thus giving rise to different macrophage polarization outcomes. In this review, we will focus on the main signaling pathways involved in macrophage polarization that are activated upon ligand-receptor recognition and in the presence of other immunomodulatory molecules in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Kerneur
- ImCheck Therapeutics, Marseille, France
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm U1068, CNRS UMR7258, Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France
- *Correspondence: Clément Kerneur, ; Carla E. Cano, ; Daniel Olive,
| | - Carla E. Cano
- ImCheck Therapeutics, Marseille, France
- *Correspondence: Clément Kerneur, ; Carla E. Cano, ; Daniel Olive,
| | - Daniel Olive
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm U1068, CNRS UMR7258, Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France
- *Correspondence: Clément Kerneur, ; Carla E. Cano, ; Daniel Olive,
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Ge X, Xu M, Cheng T, Hu N, Sun P, Lu B, Wang Z, Li J. TP53I13 promotes metastasis in glioma via macrophages, neutrophils, and fibroblasts and is a potential prognostic biomarker. Front Immunol 2022; 13:974346. [PMID: 36275718 PMCID: PMC9585303 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.974346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background TP53I13 is a protein coding tumor suppression gene encoded by the tumor protein p53. Overexpression of TP53I13 impedes tumor cell proliferation. Nevertheless, TP53I13 role and expression in the emergence and progression of glioma (low-grade glioma and glioblastoma) are yet to be identified. Thus, we aim to use comprehensive bioinformatics analyses to investigate TP53I13 and its prognostic value in gliomas. Methods Multiple databases were consulted to evaluate and assess the expression of TP53I13, such as the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA), GeneMANIA, and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive. TP53I13 expression was further explored using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC). Through Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), the biological functions of TP53I13 and metastatic processes associated with it were studied. Results The expression of TP53I13 was higher in tumor samples compared to normal samples. In samples retrieved from the TCGA and CGGA databases, high TP53I13 expression was associated with poor survival outcomes. The analysis of multivariate Cox showed that TP53I13 might be an independent prognostic marker of glioma. It was also found that increased expression of TP53I13 was significantly correlated with PRS type, status, 1p/19q codeletion status, IDH mutation status, chemotherapy, age, and tumor grade. According to CIBERSORT (Cell-type Identification by Estimating Relative Subsets of RNA Transcript), the expression of TP53I13 correlates with macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells. GSEA shows a close correlation between TP53I13 and p53 signaling pathways, DNA replication, and the pentose phosphate pathway. Conclusion Our results reveal a close correlation between TP53I13 and gliomas. Further, TP53I13 expression could affect the survival outcomes in glioma patients. In addition, TP53I13 was an independent marker that was crucial in regulating the infiltration of immune cells into tumors. As a result of these findings, TP53I13 might represent a new biomarker of immune infiltration and prognosis in patients with gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinqi Ge
- Department of Clinical Biobank & Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Manyu Xu
- Department of Clinical Biobank & Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Tong Cheng
- Department of Clinical Biobank & Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Nan Hu
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Pingping Sun
- Department of Clinical Biobank & Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Bing Lu
- Department of Clinical Biobank & Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Ziheng Wang
- Department of Clinical Biobank & Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Centre for Precision Medicine Research and Training, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
- *Correspondence: Jian Li, ; Ziheng Wang,
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- *Correspondence: Jian Li, ; Ziheng Wang,
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20
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SPTSSA Is a Prognostic Marker for Glioblastoma Associated with Tumor-Infiltrating Immune Cells and Oxidative Stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:6711085. [PMID: 36062185 PMCID: PMC9434331 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6711085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background. SPTSSA encodes the small subunit A of serine palmitoyltransferase. It catalyzes the formation of sphingoid long-chain base backbone of sphingolipids. Its role in glioma prognosis and tumor-infiltrating immune cells remains unclear. Methods. We analyzed SPTSSA expression and association with clinical prognosis using GEPIA and CGGA database. Then, GSEA was performed to identify relevant biological functions of SPTSSA. The correlations between SPTSSA expression and tumor immune infiltrates were investigated using CIBERSORT and TIMER. Finally, IHC and IF were performed to confirm the value of prognosis and the correlation with immune infiltration. Results. SPTSSA expression was significantly upregulated in diffuse glioma compared to normal tissues and associated with poor survival in GEPIA and CGGA database. Then, we identified biological processes and signaling pathways associated with SPTSSA expression. The result showed that SPTSSA enriched in the GO term like oxidative stress. Finally, we showed that SPTSSA expression was significantly associated with tumor-infiltrating immune cells and overall survival via IHC. Conclusion. These findings suggest that SPTSSA expression might be used as a prognostic biomarker for glioma and potential target for novel glioma therapy.
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Xie Y, Yang H, Yang C, He L, Zhang X, Peng L, Zhu H, Gao L. Role and Mechanisms of Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Hematological Malignancies. Front Oncol 2022; 12:933666. [PMID: 35875135 PMCID: PMC9301190 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.933666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence has revealed that many nontumor cells in the tumor microenvironment, such as fibroblasts, endothelial cells, mesenchymal stem cells, and leukocytes, are strongly involved in tumor progression. In hematological malignancies, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are considered to be an important component that promotes tumor growth and can be polarized into different phenotypes with protumor or antitumor roles. This Review emphasizes research related to the role and mechanisms of TAMs in hematological malignancies. TAMs lead to poor prognosis by influencing tumor progression at the molecular level, including nurturing cancer stem cells and laying the foundation for metastasis. Although detailed molecular mechanisms have not been clarified, TAMs may be a new therapeutic target in hematological disease treatment.
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22
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Li L, Irie T, Yoshii D, Komohara Y, Fujiwara Y, Esumi S, Kadohisa M, Honda M, Suzu S, Matsuura T, Kohashi K, Oda Y, Hibi T. M-CSFR expression in the embryonal component of hepatoblastoma and cell-to-cell interaction between macrophages and hepatoblastoma. Med Mol Morphol 2022; 55:236-247. [PMID: 35597882 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-022-00323-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) have protumor functions in various cancers. However, their significance in hepatoblastoma, the most common liver tumor in children, remains unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the potential roles of TAMs in hepatoblastoma. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the density of CD204-positive TAMs was significantly higher in the embryonal component than in other histological subtypes of hepatoblastoma. An in vitro co-culture study with Huh6 cells and human monocyte-derived macrophages (HMDMs) showed that macrophage-colony-stimulating factor receptor (M-CSFR) was strongly up-regulated in the Huh6 cells that were directly co-cultured with HMDMs. The expressions of M-CSFR ligands (interleukin-34 and M-CSF) were also increased by co-culture with HMDMs. The proliferation of HepG2 cells (another hepatoblastoma cell line expressing M-CSFR) was inhibited by an M-CSFR inhibitor. M-CSFR was found to be highly expressed in the embryonal component and in recurrent lesions. The number of CD204-positive macrophages was also higher in the M-CSFR-positive areas than in the M-CSFR-negative areas. Thus, M-CSFR expression appeared to be induced by cell-cell contact with macrophages in hepatoblastoma cells, and M-CSFR inhibitor is potentially effective against M-CSFR-positive hepatoblastoma, especially recurrent cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianbo Li
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Chuouku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.,Department of Pediatric Surgery and Transplantation, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan.,Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Tomoaki Irie
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Chuouku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.,Department of Pediatric Surgery and Transplantation, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Daiki Yoshii
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Chuouku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Komohara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Chuouku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan. .,Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
| | - Yukio Fujiwara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Chuouku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Esumi
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masashi Kadohisa
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Transplantation, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masaki Honda
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Transplantation, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Shinya Suzu
- Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Matsuura
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kenichi Kohashi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Oda
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Taizo Hibi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Transplantation, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
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23
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Ezra Manicum AL, Sargazi S, Razzaq S, Kumar GV, Rahdar A, Er S, Ain QU, Bilal M, Aboudzadeh MA. Nano-immunotherapeutic strategies for targeted RNA delivery: Emphasizing the role of monocyte/macrophages as nanovehicles to treat glioblastoma multiforme. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Crosstalk between β-Catenin and CCL2 Drives Migration of Monocytes towards Glioblastoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094562. [PMID: 35562953 PMCID: PMC9101913 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-wildtype glioblastoma (GBM) is a fast growing and highly heterogeneous tumor, often characterized by the presence of glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs). The plasticity of GSCs results in therapy resistance and impairs anti-tumor immune response by influencing immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Previously, β-catenin was associated with stemness in GBM as well as with immune escape mechanisms. Here, we investigated the effect of β-catenin on attracting monocytes towards GBM cells. In addition, we evaluated whether CCL2 is involved in β-catenin crosstalk between monocytes and tumor cells. Our analysis revealed that shRNA targeting β-catenin in GBMs reduces monocytes attraction and impacts CCL2 secretion. The addition of recombinant CCL2 restores peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) migration towards medium (TCM) conditioned by shβ-catenin GBM cells. CCL2 knockdown in GBM cells shows similar effects and reduces monocyte migration to a similar extent as β-catenin knockdown. When investigating the effect of CCL2 on β-catenin activity, we found that CCL2 modulates components of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and alters the clonogenicity of GBM cells. In addition, the pharmacological β-catenin inhibitor MSAB reduces active β-catenin, downregulates the expression of associated genes and alters CCL2 secretion. Taken together, we showed that β-catenin plays an important role in attracting monocytes towards GBM cells in vitro. We hypothesize that the interactions between β-catenin and CCL2 contribute to maintenance of GSCs via modulating immune cell interaction and promoting GBM growth and recurrence.
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25
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Lin D, Zhao W, Yang J, Wang H, Zhang H. Integrative Analysis of Biomarkers and Mechanisms in Adamantinomatous Craniopharyngioma. Front Genet 2022; 13:830793. [PMID: 35432485 PMCID: PMC9006448 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.830793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Craniopharyngioma is a benign tumor, and the predominant treatment methods are surgical resection and radiotherapy. However, both treatments may lead to complex complications, seriously affecting patients’ survival rate and quality of life. Adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP), as one of the histological subtypes of craniopharyngioma, is associated with a high incidence and poor prognosis, and there is a gap in the targeted therapy of immune-related genes for ACP. In this study, two gene expression profiles of ACP, namely GSE68015 and GSE94349, were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by the Limma package, and 271 differentially expressed immune-related genes (DEIRGs) were obtained from the Immport database. The gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) were performed for annotation, visualization, and integrated discovery. Five hub genes, including CXCL6, CXCL10, CXCL11, CXCL13, and SAA1, were screened out through protein-protein interaction (PPI) network interaction construction. Two diagnostic markers, namely S100A2 and SDC1 (both of which have the Area Under Curve value of 1), were screened by the machine learning algorithm. CIBERSORT analysis showed that M2 macrophages, activated NK cells, and gamma delta T cells had higher abundance in ACP infiltration, while CD8+ T cells, regulatory T cells, and Neutrophils had less abundance in ACP infiltration. The expression of gamma delta T cells was positively correlated with CXCL6, S100A2, SDC1, and SAA1, while CD8+ T cells expression was negatively correlated with CXCL6, S100A2, SDC1, and CXCL10. ACP with high CXCL6 showed remarkable drug sensitivity to Pentostatin and Wortmannin via CellMiner database analysis. Our results deepened the understanding of the molecular immune mechanism in ACP and provided potential biomarkers for the precisely targeted therapy for ACP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenyue Zhao
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongbing Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Hongbing Zhang,
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26
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Zhao M, Li X, Chen Y, Wang S. MD2 Is a Potential Biomarker Associated with Immune Cell Infiltration in Gliomas. Front Oncol 2022; 12:854598. [PMID: 35372062 PMCID: PMC8968038 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.854598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioma is the most common primary malignant tumor in the central nervous system. Myeloid differentiation protein 2 (MD2) acts as a coreceptor of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) to mediate innate immune response. However, the actual roles of MD2 in the regulation of progression and immune cell infiltration in gliomas remain largely unclear. This study aims to explore whether MD2 could be an independent prognostic factor through the mediation of immune cell infiltration in gliomas. Methods The mRNA expression and DNA methylation differential analyses of MD2 were performed using CGGA, TCGA and Rembrandt databases and survival analyses were performed using Kaplan-Meier plotter. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression was applied to analyze the prognostic value of MD2 and nomograms were constructed to evaluate the clinical value of MD2. Then, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were utilized to analyze MD2-related signal pathways. Furthermore, correlations between MD2 and immune cell infiltration were calculated by TIMER and CIBERSOPT. The correlation between MD2 expression and the infiltrations of macrophages and neutrophils was experimentally verified by the knockdown of MD2 expression using small interfering RNA (siRNA) in glioma cells. Results We found that MD2 was overexpressed and associated with a poor prognosis in gliomas. Meanwhile, higher expression of MD2 could be a result of lower DNA methylation of MD2 gene in gliomas. In addition, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that MD2 could be an independent prognostic factor for gliomas. Further functional enrichment analysis revealed that the functions of MD2 were closely related to immune responses. Moreover, the expression level of MD2 was strongly correlated with the infiltration and polarization of pro-tumor phenotype of tumor-associated macrophages and tumor-associated neutrophils in gliomas. Conclusions These findings have provided strong evidence that MD2 could be served as a valuable immune-related biomarker to diagnose and predict the progression of gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yijun Chen
- *Correspondence: Shuzhen Wang, ; Yijun Chen,
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27
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Zhao M, Li X, Chen Y, Wang S. MD2 Is a Potential Biomarker Associated with Immune Cell Infiltration in Gliomas. Front Oncol 2022; 12:854598. [PMID: 35372062 PMCID: PMC8968038 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.854598,] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioma is the most common primary malignant tumor in the central nervous system. Myeloid differentiation protein 2 (MD2) acts as a coreceptor of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) to mediate innate immune response. However, the actual roles of MD2 in the regulation of progression and immune cell infiltration in gliomas remain largely unclear. This study aims to explore whether MD2 could be an independent prognostic factor through the mediation of immune cell infiltration in gliomas. METHODS The mRNA expression and DNA methylation differential analyses of MD2 were performed using CGGA, TCGA and Rembrandt databases and survival analyses were performed using Kaplan-Meier plotter. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression was applied to analyze the prognostic value of MD2 and nomograms were constructed to evaluate the clinical value of MD2. Then, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were utilized to analyze MD2-related signal pathways. Furthermore, correlations between MD2 and immune cell infiltration were calculated by TIMER and CIBERSOPT. The correlation between MD2 expression and the infiltrations of macrophages and neutrophils was experimentally verified by the knockdown of MD2 expression using small interfering RNA (siRNA) in glioma cells. RESULTS We found that MD2 was overexpressed and associated with a poor prognosis in gliomas. Meanwhile, higher expression of MD2 could be a result of lower DNA methylation of MD2 gene in gliomas. In addition, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that MD2 could be an independent prognostic factor for gliomas. Further functional enrichment analysis revealed that the functions of MD2 were closely related to immune responses. Moreover, the expression level of MD2 was strongly correlated with the infiltration and polarization of pro-tumor phenotype of tumor-associated macrophages and tumor-associated neutrophils in gliomas. CONCLUSIONS These findings have provided strong evidence that MD2 could be served as a valuable immune-related biomarker to diagnose and predict the progression of gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yijun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuzhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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28
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Lin X, Liu H, Zhao H, Xia S, Li Y, Wang C, Huang Q, Wanggou S, Li X. Immune Infiltration Associated MAN2B1 Is a Novel Prognostic Biomarker for Glioma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:842973. [PMID: 35186771 PMCID: PMC8847305 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.842973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mannosidase Alpha Class 2B Member 1 (MAN2B1) gene encodes lysosomal alpha-d-mannosidase involved in the ordered degradation of N-linked glycoproteins. Alteration in MAN2B1 has been proved to be accountable for several diseases. However, the relationship between MAN2B1 and glioma malignancy remains unclear. In this study, RNA-seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas datasets were analyzed to explore the correlation between MAN2B1 and clinicopathological features, prognosis, and somatic mutations in gliomas. We found that MAN2B1 was elevated in glioma and was correlated with malignant clinical and molecular features. Upregulated expression of MAN2B1 is prognostic for poor outcomes in glioma patients. Different frequencies of somatic mutations were found in gliomas between high and low MAN2B1 expression. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blot, and immunohistochemistry staining from glioma patient samples and cell lines were used to validate bioinformatic findings. Functional enrichment analysis showed that MAN2B1 was involved in immune and inflammation processes. Moreover, MAN2B1 expression was strongly correlated with M2 macrophages and weakly correlated with M1 macrophages. Further analysis confirmed that MAN2B1 was closely associated with the markers of M2 macrophages and tumor-associated macrophages. Taken together, MAN2B1 is a potential prognostic biomarker in glioma and associates with immune infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelei Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of BrainTumor Research, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of BrainTumor Research, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of BrainTumor Research, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shunjin Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of BrainTumor Research, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yueshuo Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chaoqian Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of BrainTumor Research, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qi Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of BrainTumor Research, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Siyi Wanggou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of BrainTumor Research, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuejun Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of BrainTumor Research, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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29
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Irie T, Yoshii D, Komohara Y, Fujiwara Y, Kadohisa M, Honda M, Suzu S, Matsuura T, Kohashi K, Oda Y, Hibi T. IL-34 in hepatoblastoma cells potentially promote tumor progression via autocrine and paracrine mechanisms. Cancer Med 2022; 11:1441-1453. [PMID: 35132816 PMCID: PMC8921897 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatoblastoma is the most common pediatric liver tumor, but little research has been done on the role of macrophages in hepatoblastoma. The purpose of this study was to gain insight into potential roles for macrophages in hepatoblastoma. Paraffin‐embedded specimens from 56 patients who underwent surgical resection were examined with immunohistochemical staining for the macrophage‐specific markers, Iba1 and CD163. Significant differences were seen among histological subtypes. Significantly increased numbers of macrophages were detected in embryonal components compared to fetal components in the mixed epithelial type. In vitro studies using human monocyte‐derived macrophages and two hepatoblastoma cell lines (HepG2 and Huh6) were performed. Conditioned medium from these cell lines induced increased CD163 expression in macrophages. Direct co‐culture with macrophages induced tumor cell proliferation via induction of protumor cytokine secretion from macrophages. Direct co‐culture with macrophages also induced interleukin (IL)‐34 overexpression by Huh6 cells via Brd4 signaling. IL‐34 overexpression promoted tumor cell proliferation and chemoresistance. High IL‐34 and Brd4 expression was detected in embryonal components, which have potentially higher proliferation activity than fetal components. In conclusion, IL‐34 expression in embryonal components may induce macrophage chemotaxis in a paracrine manner, and tumor cell proliferation and chemoresistance in an autocrine manner. IL‐34 is a potential therapeutic target for hepatoblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Irie
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Department of Pediatric Surgery and Transplantation, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Daiki Yoshii
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Komohara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yukio Fujiwara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masashi Kadohisa
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Transplantation, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masaki Honda
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Transplantation, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Shinya Suzu
- Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Matsuura
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kenichi Kohashi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Oda
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Taizo Hibi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Transplantation, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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Li YX, Jiang SL, Hao YX, Zhang SP, Cui YS, Fu Z, Xue CL, Dong CX, Yao Z, Du J. Galactofucoidans from Sargassum fusiforme and their antagonistic effects against the proliferation-inhibition of RAW264.7 macrophage induced by culture supernatants of melanoma cells. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2021.100090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
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31
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Andersen RS, Anand A, Harwood DSL, Kristensen BW. Tumor-Associated Microglia and Macrophages in the Glioblastoma Microenvironment and Their Implications for Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174255. [PMID: 34503065 PMCID: PMC8428223 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most frequent and malignant primary brain tumor. Standard of care includes surgery followed by radiation and temozolomide chemotherapy. Despite treatment, patients have a poor prognosis with a median survival of less than 15 months. The poor prognosis is associated with an increased abundance of tumor-associated microglia and macrophages (TAMs), which are known to play a role in creating a pro-tumorigenic environment and aiding tumor progression. Most treatment strategies are directed against glioblastoma cells; however, accumulating evidence suggests targeting of TAMs as a promising therapeutic strategy. While TAMs are typically dichotomously classified as M1 and M2 phenotypes, recent studies utilizing single cell technologies have identified expression pattern differences, which is beginning to give a deeper understanding of the heterogeneous subpopulations of TAMs in glioblastomas. In this review, we evaluate the role of TAMs in the glioblastoma microenvironment and discuss how their interactions with cancer cells have an extensive impact on glioblastoma progression and treatment resistance. Finally, we summarize the effects and challenges of therapeutic strategies, which specifically aim to target TAMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikke Sick Andersen
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark; (R.S.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Atul Anand
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark; (R.S.A.); (A.A.)
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Dylan Scott Lykke Harwood
- Department of Pathology, The Bartholin Institute, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Biotech Research and Innovation Center (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bjarne Winther Kristensen
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark; (R.S.A.); (A.A.)
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
- Department of Pathology, The Bartholin Institute, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Biotech Research and Innovation Center (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Correspondence:
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Shigeoka M, Koma YI, Kodama T, Nishio M, Akashi M, Yokozaki H. Tongue Cancer Cell-Derived CCL20 Induced by Interaction With Macrophages Promotes CD163 Expression on Macrophages. Front Oncol 2021; 11:667174. [PMID: 34178651 PMCID: PMC8219974 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.667174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background CD163-positive macrophages contribute to the aggressiveness of oral squamous cell carcinoma. We showed in a previous report that CD163-positive macrophages infiltrated not only to the cancer nest but also to its surrounding epithelium, depending on the presence of stromal invasion in tongue carcinogenesis. However, the role of intraepithelial macrophages in tongue carcinogenesis remains unclear. In this study, we assessed the biological behavior of intraepithelial macrophages on their interaction with cancer cells. Materials and Methods We established the indirect coculture system (intraepithelial neoplasia model) and direct coculture system (invasive cancer model) of human monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1-derived CD163-positive macrophages with SCC25, a tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) cell line. Conditioned media (CM) harvested from these systems were analyzed using cytokine array and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and extracted a specific upregulated cytokine in CM from the direct coculture system (direct CM). The correlation of both this cytokine and its receptor with various clinicopathological factors were evaluated based on immunohistochemistry using clinical samples from 59 patients with TSCC. Moreover, the effect of this cytokine in direct CM on the phenotypic alterations of THP-1 was confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, immunofluorescence, and transwell migration assay. Results It was shown that CCL20 was induced in the direct CM specifically. Interestingly, CCL20 was produced primarily in SCC25. The expression level of CCR6, which is a sole receptor of CCL20, was higher than the expression level of SCC25. Our immunohistochemical investigation showed that CCL20 and CCR6 expression was associated with lymphatic vessel invasion and the number of CD163-positive macrophages. Recombinant human CCL20 induced the CD163 expression and promoted migration of THP-1. We also confirmed that a neutralizing anti-CCL20 antibody blocked the induction of CD163 expression by direct CM in THP-1. Moreover, ERK1/2 phosphorylation was associated with the CCL20-driven induction of CD163 expression in THP-1. Conclusions Tongue cancer cell-derived CCL20 that was induced by interaction with macrophages promotes CD163 expression on macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Shigeoka
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yu-Ichiro Koma
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kodama
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Mari Nishio
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masaya Akashi
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Surgery Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yokozaki
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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Fan D, Yue Q, Chen J, Wang C, Yu R, Jin Z, Yin S, Wang Q, Chen L, Liao X, Peng C, Zhang J, Cao Z, Mao Y, Huang R, Chen L, Li C. Reprogramming the immunosuppressive microenvironment of IDH1 wild-type glioblastoma by blocking Wnt signaling between microglia and cancer cells. Oncoimmunology 2021; 10:1932061. [PMID: 34123575 PMCID: PMC8183516 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2021.1932061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The vast majority (>90%) of glioblastoma (GBM) patients belong to the isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 wild type (IDH1WT) group which exhibits a poor prognosis with a median survival of less than 15 months. This study demonstrated numerous immunosuppressive genes as well as β-catenin gene, pivotal for Wnt/β-catenin signaling, were upregulated in 206 IDH1WT glioma patients using the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) database. The increase in microglia with an immunosuppressive phenotype and the overexpression of β-catenin protein were further verified in IDH1WT GBM patients and IDH1WT GL261 glioma allografts. Subsequently, we found that IDH1WT GL261 cell-derived conditioned medium activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling in primary microglia and triggered their transition to an immunosuppressive phenotype. Blocking Wnt/β-catenin signaling not only attenuated microglial polarization to the immunosuppressive subtype but also reactivated immune responses in IDH1WT GBM allografts by simultaneously enhancing cytotoxic CD8+ T cell infiltration and downregulating regulatory T cells. Positron emission tomography imaging demonstrated enhanced proinflammatory activities in IDH1WT GBM allografts after the blockade of Wnt signaling. Finally, gavage administration of a Wnt signaling inhibitor significantly restrained tumor proliferation and improved the survival of model mice bearing IDH1WT GBM allografts. Depletion of CD8+ T cells remarkably abrogated the therapeutic efficacy induced by the Wnt signaling inhibitor. Overall, the present work indicates that the crosstalk between IDH1WT glioma cells and immunosuppressive microglia is important in maintaining the immunosuppressive glioma microenvironment. Blocking Wnt/β-catenin signaling is a promising complement for IDH1WT GBM treatment by improving the hostile immunosuppressive microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Fan
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Yue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruilin Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Ziyi Jin
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shujie Yin
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinyue Wang
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Luo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueling Liao
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengyuan Peng
- Molecular Imaging Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianpin Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhonglian Cao
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruimin Huang
- Molecular Imaging Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Tianqiao and Chrissy Chen Institute for Translational Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Cong Li
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Kwiatkowska I, Hermanowicz JM, Przybyszewska-Podstawka A, Pawlak D. Not Only Immune Escape-The Confusing Role of the TRP Metabolic Pathway in Carcinogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2667. [PMID: 34071442 PMCID: PMC8198784 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The recently discovered phenomenon that cancer cells can avoid immune response has gained scientists' interest. One of the pathways involved in this process is tryptophan (TRP) metabolism through the kynurenine pathway (KP). Individual components involved in TRP conversion seem to contribute to cancerogenesis both through a direct impact on cancer cells and the modulation of immune cell functionality. Due to this fact, this pathway may serve as a target for immunotherapy and attempts are being made to create novel compounds effective in cancer treatment. However, the results obtained from clinical trials are not satisfactory, which raises questions about the exact role of KP elements in tumorigenesis. An increasing number of experiments reveal that TRP metabolites may either be tumor promoters and suppressors and this is why further research in this field is highly needed. The aim of this study is to present KP as a modulator of cancer development through multiple mechanisms and to point to its ambiguity, which may be a reason for failures in treatment based on the inhibition of tryptophan metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Kwiatkowska
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (J.M.H.); (D.P.)
| | - Justyna Magdalena Hermanowicz
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (J.M.H.); (D.P.)
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
| | | | - Dariusz Pawlak
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (J.M.H.); (D.P.)
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Jalali A, Yu K, Beechar V, Bosquez Huerta NA, Grichuk A, Mehra D, Lozzi B, Kong K, Scott KL, Rao G, Bainbridge MN, Bondy ML, Deneen B. POT1 Regulates Proliferation and Confers Sexual Dimorphism in Glioma. Cancer Res 2021; 81:2703-2713. [PMID: 33782098 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-3755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Germline POT1 mutations are found in a spectrum of cancers and confer increased risk. Recently, we identified a series of novel germline POT1 mutations that predispose carrier families to the development of glioma. Despite these strong associations, how these glioma-associated POT1 mutations contribute to glioma tumorigenesis remains undefined. Here we show that POT1-G95C increases proliferation in glioma-initiating cells in vitro and in progenitor populations in the developing brain. In a native mouse model of glioma, loss of Pot1a/b resulted in decreased survival in females compared with males. These findings were corroborated in human glioma, where low POT1 expression correlated with decreased survival in females. Transcriptomic and IHC profiling of Pot1a/b-deficient glioma revealed that tumors in females exhibited decreased expression of immune markers and increased expression of cell-cycle signatures. Similar sex-dependent trends were observed in human gliomas that had low expression of POT1. Together, our studies demonstrate context-dependent functions for POT1 mutation or loss in driving progenitor proliferation in the developing brain and sexual dimorphism in glioma. SIGNIFICANCE: This study shows that manipulation of POT1 expression in glioma has sex-specific effects on tumorigenesis and associated immune signatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Jalali
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Kwanha Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Vivek Beechar
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Navish A Bosquez Huerta
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Anthony Grichuk
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Deepika Mehra
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Brittney Lozzi
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Kathleen Kong
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Kenneth L Scott
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Ganesh Rao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Matthew N Bainbridge
- Rady Children's Institute of Genomic Medicine, Rady Children's Hospital-San Diego, California
| | - Melissa L Bondy
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | - Benjamin Deneen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. .,Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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Wu SY, Sharma S, Wu K, Tyagi A, Zhao D, Deshpande RP, Watabe K. Tamoxifen suppresses brain metastasis of estrogen receptor-deficient breast cancer by skewing microglia polarization and enhancing their immune functions. Breast Cancer Res 2021; 23:35. [PMID: 33736709 PMCID: PMC7977276 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-021-01412-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Brain metastasis of breast cancer exhibits exceedingly poor prognosis, and both triple negative (TN) and Her2+ subtypes have the highest incidence of brain metastasis. Although estrogen blockers are considered to be ineffective for their treatment, recent evidence indicates that estrogen blockade using tamoxifen showed certain efficacy. However, how estrogen affects brain metastasis of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains elusive. Methods To examine the effect of estrogen on brain metastasis progression, nude mice were implanted with brain metastatic cells and treated with either estrogen supplement, tamoxifen, or ovariectomy for estrogen depletion. For clinical validation study, brain metastasis specimens from pre- and post-menopause breast cancer patients were examined for microglia polarization by immunohistochemistry. To examine the estrogen-induced M2 microglia polarization, microglia cells were treated with estrogen, and the M1/M2 microglia polarization was detected by qRT-PCR and FACS. The estrogen receptor-deficient brain metastatic cells, SkBrM and 231BrM, were treated with conditioned medium (CM) derived from microglia that were treated with estrogen in the presence or absence of tamoxifen. The effect of microglia-derived CM on tumor cells was examined by colony formation assay and sphere forming ability. Results We found that M2 microglia were abundantly infiltrated in brain metastasis of pre-menopausal breast cancer patients. A similar observation was made in vivo, when we treated mice systemically with estrogen. Blocking of estrogen signaling either by tamoxifen treatment or surgical resection of mice ovaries suppressed M2 microglial polarization and decreased the secretion of C-C motif chemokine ligand 5, resulting in suppression of brain metastasis. The estrogen modulation also suppressed stemness in TNBC cells in vitro. Importantly, estrogen enhanced the expression of signal regulatory protein α on microglia and restricted their phagocytic ability. Conclusions Our results indicate that estrogen promotes brain metastasis by skewing polarity of M2 microglia and inhibiting their phagocytic ability, while tamoxifen suppresses brain metastasis by blocking the M2 polarization of microglia and increasing their anti-tumor phagocytic ability. Our results also highlight a potential therapeutic utility of tamoxifen for treating brain metastasis of hormone receptor-deficient breast cancer. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13058-021-01412-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Ying Wu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Sambad Sharma
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Kerui Wu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Abhishek Tyagi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Dan Zhao
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Ravindra Pramod Deshpande
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Kounosuke Watabe
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
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Zhang C, Wang L, Liu H, Deng G, Xu P, Tan Y, Xu Y, Liu B, Chen Q, Tian D. ADPRH is a prognosis-related biomarker and correlates with immune infiltrates in low grade glioma. J Cancer 2021; 12:2912-2920. [PMID: 33854592 PMCID: PMC8040889 DOI: 10.7150/jca.51643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: ADPRH is a modulator of CD8+ T cell functions, and dysregulation of ADPRH has been identified to involve in carcinogenesis of cancers. However, the association of ADPRH with low grade glioma (LGG) remains unclear. Methods: The expression of ADPRH in LGG was first analyzed in GLIOVIS and GEPIA databases and then validated by real-time PCR (rt-PCR), immunochemistry and human protein atlas (HPA). Univariate and multivariate Cox analysis and Kaplan-Meier plots were designed to assess the prognostic value of ADPRH in LGG. The correlation of ADPRH and immune infiltration was evaluated by data in TIMER and ESTIMATE databases. Gene set enrichment analysis was conducted to detect biological processes associated with ADPRH. Results: ADPRH was significantly upregulated in LGG in comparison to non-tumor brain samples in transcriptomic and proteomic levels. The high ADPRH expression indicated unfavorable overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with LGG using Kaplan-Meier plots. And multivariate Cox analysis demonstrated the expression level of ADPRH was an independent prognosis-predicting index for OS and PFS of LGG patients in all cohorts separately. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) indicated that high expression of ADPRH was involved in the upregulation of P53 signaling pathway, KRAS signaling pathway, IL6/JAK-STAT3 signaling and TNF-beta signaling pathways. By TIMER and ESTIMATE databases, we identified ADPRH expression had strong correlation with tumor immune infiltrating cells (TIICs). Conclusions: In summary, our findings demonstrated that ADPRH might be a potential prognostic biomarker and correlated with TIICs in LGG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, P.R.C
| | - Long Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, P.R.C
| | - Haitao Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, Zhejiang Province, P.R.C
| | - Gang Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, P.R.C
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Sun Yat-sen University, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong Province, P.R.C
| | - Yinqiu Tan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, P.R.C
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, P.R.C
| | - Baohui Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, P.R.C
| | - Qianxue Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, P.R.C
| | - Daofeng Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, P.R.C
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Salah A, Li Y, Wang H, Qi N, Wu Y. Macrophages as a Double-Edged Weapon: The Use of Macrophages in Cancer Immunotherapy and Understanding the Cross-Talk Between Macrophages and Cancer. DNA Cell Biol 2021; 40:429-440. [PMID: 33481665 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2020.6087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages (Mϕs) play an essential role in maintaining body homeostasis. They perform dual functions produced by different subtypes. Mϕs not only fight against pathogens and foreign bodies such as bacteria or cancer cells but also participate in healing and repairing damaged tissue since they maintain both proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects sequentially. Tumors possess the ability to polarize Mϕs from proinflammatory M1 subtype to anti-inflammatory M2-like Mϕs called tumor-associated macrophages, which, in turn, help the tumors to acquire cancer hallmarks. Consequently, this polarization allows tumors to grow and spread. In this light, Mϕs have been a subject of intense study, and researchers have developed protocols to derive different Mϕs subtypes either as a new state-of-the-art therapeutic approach or to understand the cross-talk between cancer and Mϕs. In this review, we present the use of primary Mϕs in adoptive immunotherapy for cancer, illustrate the reciprocating interplay between cancer and Mϕs, and the resulting structural and functional change on both cell types. Furthermore, we summarize the recent cutting-edge approaches of using Mϕs in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Salah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yanqin Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hao Wang
- Hangzhou Biaomo Biosciences Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, P.R. China.,Asia Stem Cell Therapies Co., Limited, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Nianmin Qi
- Hangzhou Biaomo Biosciences Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, P.R. China.,Asia Stem Cell Therapies Co., Limited, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yuehong Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
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Distinction of Microglia and Macrophages in Glioblastoma: Close Relatives, Different Tasks? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010194. [PMID: 33375505 PMCID: PMC7794706 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
For decades, it has been known that the tumor microenvironment is significant for glioma progression, namely the infiltration of myeloid cells like microglia and macrophages. Hence, these cell types and their specific tasks in tumor progression are subject to ongoing research. However, the distribution of the brain resident microglia and the peripheral macrophages within the tumor tissue and their functional activity are highly debated. Results depend on the method used to discriminate between microglia and macrophages, whereby this specification is already difficult due to limited options to distinguish between these both cell populations that show mostly the same surface markers and morphology. Moreover, there are indications about various functions of microglia and macrophages but again varying on the method of discrimination. In our review, we summarize the current literature to determine which methods have been applied to differentiate the brain resident microglia from tumor-infiltrated macrophages. Furthermore, we compiled data about the proportion of microglia and macrophages in glioma tissues and ascertained if pro- or anti-tumoral effects could be allocated to one or the other myeloid cell population. Recent research made tremendous efforts to distinguish microglia from recruited macrophages. For future studies, it could be essential to verify which role these cells play in brain tumor pathology to proceed with novel immunotherapeutic strategies.
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40
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Zhao J, Zhou H, An Y, Shen K, Yu L. Biological effects of corosolic acid as an anti-inflammatory, anti-metabolic syndrome and anti-neoplasic natural compound. Oncol Lett 2020; 21:84. [PMID: 33363621 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has indicated that corosolic acid exerts anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperlipidemic and anti-viral effects. More importantly, corosolic acid has recently attracted much attention due to its anticancer properties and innocuous effects on normal cells. Furthermore, the increasing proportion of obese and/or diabetic populations has led to an epidemic of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which frequently progresses to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Evidence has indicated that NAFLD is closely associated with the development of HCC and comprises a high risk factor. The present review summarizes the anticancer effects of corosolic acid in vitro and in vivo, and its related molecular mechanisms. It also describes the inhibitory effects of corosolic acid on the progression of NAFLD and its associated molecular mechanisms, providing guidance for future research on corosolic acid in NAFLD-related HCC prevention and treatment. To the best of our knowledge, a review of corosolic acid as an anticancer agent has not yet been reported. Due to its multitargeted activity in cancer cells, corosolic acid exerts anticancer effects when administered alone, and acts synergistically when administered with chemotherapeutic drugs, even in drug-resistant cells. In addition, as a novel tool to treat metabolic syndromes, corosolic acid uses the same mechanism in its action against cancer as that used in the progression of NAFLD-related HCC. Therefore, corosolic acid has been suggested as an agent for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD-related HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwei Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Institute of Zoonosis, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, P.R. China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Institute of Zoonosis, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, P.R. China
| | - Yanan An
- Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Institute of Zoonosis, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, P.R. China
| | - Keshu Shen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Medicine of Jilin Hepatobiliary Hospital, Changchun, Jilin 130062, P.R. China
| | - Lu Yu
- Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Institute of Zoonosis, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, P.R. China
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Yang Q, Guo N, Zhou Y, Chen J, Wei Q, Han M. The role of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in tumor progression and relevant advance in targeted therapy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:2156-2170. [PMID: 33304783 PMCID: PMC7714989 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages have a leading position in the tumor microenvironment (TME) which paves the way to carcinogenesis. Initially, monocytes and macrophages are recruited to the sites where the tumor develops. Under the guidance of different microenvironmental signals, macrophages would polarize into two functional phenotypes, named as classically activated macrophages (M1) and alternatively activated macrophages (M2). Contrary to the anti-tumor effect of M1, M2 exerts anti-inflammatory and tumorigenic characters. In progressive tumor, M2 tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are in the majority, being vital regulators reacting upon TME. This review elaborates on the role of TAMs in tumor progression. Furthermore, prospective macrophage-focused therapeutic strategies, including drugs not only in clinical trials but also at primary research stages, are summarized followed by a discussion about their clinical application values. Nanoparticulate systems with efficient drug delivery and improved antitumor effect are also summed up in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyao Yang
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ningning Guo
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiejian Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qichun Wei
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Min Han
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Huang S, Song Z, Zhang T, He X, Huang K, Zhang Q, Shen J, Pan J. Identification of Immune Cell Infiltration and Immune-Related Genes in the Tumor Microenvironment of Glioblastomas. Front Immunol 2020; 11:585034. [PMID: 33193404 PMCID: PMC7606992 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.585034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most prevalent malignant brain tumors with poor prognosis. Increasing evidence has revealed that infiltrating immune cells and other stromal components in the tumor microenvironment (TME) are associated with prognosis of GBM. The aim of the present study was to identify immune cells and immune-related genes extracted from TME in GBM. RNA-sequencing and clinical data of GBM were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Four survival-related immune cells were identified via Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and immune-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) screened. Functional enrichment and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks for the genes were constructed. In addition, we identified 24 hub genes and the expressions of 6 of the genes were significantly associated with prognosis of GBM. Finally, the genes were validated in single-cell sequencing studies of GBM, and the immune cells validated in an independent GBM cohort from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA). Overall, 24 immune-related genes infiltrating the tumor microenvironment were identified in the present study, which could serve as novel biomarkers and immune therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicong Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zijun Song
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tiesong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuyan He
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kaiyuan Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qihui Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Dong Fang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jian Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianwei Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Nakagomi N, Sakamoto D, Hirose T, Takagi T, Murase M, Nakagomi T, Yoshimura S, Hirota S. Epithelioid glioblastoma with microglia features: potential for novel therapy. Brain Pathol 2020; 30:1119-1133. [PMID: 32687679 PMCID: PMC7754497 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelioid glioblastoma (E‐GBM) was recently designated as a subtype of glioblastoma (GBM) by the World Health Organization (2016). E‐GBM is an aggressive and rare variant of GBM that primarily occurs in children and young adults. Although most characterized cases of E‐GBM harbor a mutation of the BRAF gene in which valine (V) is substituted by glutamic acid (E) at amino acid 600 (BRAF‐V600E), in addition to telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter mutations and homozygous CDKN2A/B deletions, the origins and cellular nature of E‐GBM remain uncertain. Here, we present a case of E‐GBM that exhibits antigenic and functional traits suggestive of microglia. Although no epithelial [e.g., CKAE1/3, epithelial membrane antigen (EMA)] or glial (e.g., GFAP, Olig2) markers were detected by immunohistochemical staining, the microglial markers CD68 and Iba1 were readily apparent. Furthermore, isolated E‐GBM‐derived tumor cells expressed microglial/macrophage‐related genes including cytokines, chemokines, MHC class II antigens, lysozyme and the critical functional receptor, CSF‐1R. Isolated E‐GBM‐derived tumor cells were also capable of phagocytosis and cytokine production. Treating E‐GBM‐derived tumor cells with the BRAF‐V600E inhibitor, PLX4032 (vemurafenib), resulted in a dose‐dependent reduction in cell viability that was amplified by addition of the CSF‐1R inhibitor, BLZ945. The present case provides insight into the cellular nature of E‐GBM and introduces several possibilities for effective targeted therapy for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nami Nakagomi
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sakamoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Takanori Hirose
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Hyogo Cancer Center, Akashi, Japan
| | - Toshinori Takagi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Makiko Murase
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Takayuki Nakagomi
- Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan.,Department of Therapeutic Progress in Brain Diseases, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Shinichi Yoshimura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Seiichi Hirota
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
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Felsenstein M, Blank A, Bungert AD, Mueller A, Ghori A, Kremenetskaia I, Rung O, Broggini T, Turkowski K, Scherschinski L, Raggatz J, Vajkoczy P, Brandenburg S. CCR2 of Tumor Microenvironmental Cells Is a Relevant Modulator of Glioma Biology. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12071882. [PMID: 32668709 PMCID: PMC7408933 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) shows a high influx of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). The CCR2/CCL2 pathway is considered a relevant signal for the recruitment of TAMs and has been suggested as a therapeutic target in malignant gliomas. We found that TAMs of human GBM specimens and of a syngeneic glioma model express CCR2 to varying extents. Using a Ccr2-deficient strain for glioma inoculation revealed a 30% reduction of TAMs intratumorally. This diminished immune cell infiltration occurred with augmented tumor volumes likely based on increased cell proliferation. Remaining TAMs in Ccr2-/- mice showed comparable surface marker expression patterns in comparison to wildtype mice, but expression levels of inflammatory transcription factors (Stat3, Irf7, Cox2) and cytokines (Ifnβ, Il1β, Il12α) were considerably affected. Furthermore, we demonstrated an impact on blood vessel integrity, while vascularization of tumors appeared similar between mouse strains. The higher stability and attenuated leakiness of the tumor vasculature imply improved sustenance of glioma tissue in Ccr2-/- mice. Additionally, despite TAMs residing in the perivascular niche in Ccr2-/- mice, their pro-angiogenic activity was reduced by the downregulation of Vegf. In conclusion, lacking CCR2 solely on tumor microenvironmental cells leads to enhanced tumor progression, whereby high numbers of TAMs infiltrate gliomas independently of the CCR2/CCL2 signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthäus Felsenstein
- Department of Experimental Neurosurgery Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (M.F.); (A.B.); (A.D.B.); (A.M.); (A.G.); (I.K.); (O.R.); (T.B.); (K.T.); (L.S.); (J.R.); (S.B.)
| | - Anne Blank
- Department of Experimental Neurosurgery Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (M.F.); (A.B.); (A.D.B.); (A.M.); (A.G.); (I.K.); (O.R.); (T.B.); (K.T.); (L.S.); (J.R.); (S.B.)
| | - Alexander D. Bungert
- Department of Experimental Neurosurgery Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (M.F.); (A.B.); (A.D.B.); (A.M.); (A.G.); (I.K.); (O.R.); (T.B.); (K.T.); (L.S.); (J.R.); (S.B.)
| | - Annett Mueller
- Department of Experimental Neurosurgery Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (M.F.); (A.B.); (A.D.B.); (A.M.); (A.G.); (I.K.); (O.R.); (T.B.); (K.T.); (L.S.); (J.R.); (S.B.)
| | - Adnan Ghori
- Department of Experimental Neurosurgery Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (M.F.); (A.B.); (A.D.B.); (A.M.); (A.G.); (I.K.); (O.R.); (T.B.); (K.T.); (L.S.); (J.R.); (S.B.)
| | - Irina Kremenetskaia
- Department of Experimental Neurosurgery Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (M.F.); (A.B.); (A.D.B.); (A.M.); (A.G.); (I.K.); (O.R.); (T.B.); (K.T.); (L.S.); (J.R.); (S.B.)
| | - Olga Rung
- Department of Experimental Neurosurgery Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (M.F.); (A.B.); (A.D.B.); (A.M.); (A.G.); (I.K.); (O.R.); (T.B.); (K.T.); (L.S.); (J.R.); (S.B.)
| | - Thomas Broggini
- Department of Experimental Neurosurgery Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (M.F.); (A.B.); (A.D.B.); (A.M.); (A.G.); (I.K.); (O.R.); (T.B.); (K.T.); (L.S.); (J.R.); (S.B.)
| | - Kati Turkowski
- Department of Experimental Neurosurgery Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (M.F.); (A.B.); (A.D.B.); (A.M.); (A.G.); (I.K.); (O.R.); (T.B.); (K.T.); (L.S.); (J.R.); (S.B.)
| | - Lea Scherschinski
- Department of Experimental Neurosurgery Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (M.F.); (A.B.); (A.D.B.); (A.M.); (A.G.); (I.K.); (O.R.); (T.B.); (K.T.); (L.S.); (J.R.); (S.B.)
| | - Jonas Raggatz
- Department of Experimental Neurosurgery Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (M.F.); (A.B.); (A.D.B.); (A.M.); (A.G.); (I.K.); (O.R.); (T.B.); (K.T.); (L.S.); (J.R.); (S.B.)
| | - Peter Vajkoczy
- Department of Experimental Neurosurgery Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (M.F.); (A.B.); (A.D.B.); (A.M.); (A.G.); (I.K.); (O.R.); (T.B.); (K.T.); (L.S.); (J.R.); (S.B.)
- Department of Neurosurgery Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-30-450-560-002
| | - Susan Brandenburg
- Department of Experimental Neurosurgery Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (M.F.); (A.B.); (A.D.B.); (A.M.); (A.G.); (I.K.); (O.R.); (T.B.); (K.T.); (L.S.); (J.R.); (S.B.)
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Fu LQ, Du WL, Cai MH, Yao JY, Zhao YY, Mou XZ. The roles of tumor-associated macrophages in tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. Cell Immunol 2020; 353:104119. [PMID: 32446032 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2020.104119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) are the most frequent immune cells within tumor microenvironment (TME). There is growing evidence that TAMs are involved in tumor progression via multiple mechanisms. TAMs create an immunosuppressive TME by producing growth factors, chemokines, and cytokines which modulate recruitment of immune cells and inhibit anti-tumor responses. They also serve as angiogenesis promoting cells by production of pro-angiogenic factors and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and vascular constructing which guarantee supplying oxygen and nutrients to solid tumor cells. Furthermore, TAMs play important functions in tumor metastasis through contributing to invasion, extravasation, survival, intravasation, and colonization of tumor cells. In this review, we summarized macrophage classification, TAMs polarization, and mechanisms underlying TAM-promoting angiogenesis and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luo-Qin Fu
- Department of General Surgery, Chun'an First People's Hospital (Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital Chun'an Branch), Hangzhou 311700, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wen-Lin Du
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou 310014, China; Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Mao-Hua Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Chun'an First People's Hospital (Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital Chun'an Branch), Hangzhou 311700, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jia-Yu Yao
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou 310014, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College), No. 158 Shangtang Road, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Xiao-Zhou Mou
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou 310014, China.
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Chen J, Dou Y, Tang Y, Zhang X. Folate receptor-targeted RNAi nanoparticles for silencing STAT3 in tumor-associated macrophages and tumor cells. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2020; 25:102173. [PMID: 32084593 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2020.102173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We developed a STAT3 silencing siRNA to both tumor cells and M2 macrophages. The dual-targeting system prepared by electronic self-assembly was composed of folic acid-conjugated carboxymethyl chitosan for targeting and cationic chitosan derivatives for siRNA package. The effects of siRNA delivery was investigated in M2 macrophages and Lewis lung cancer cells (LLC). Due to the enhanced delivery efficiency, the dual-targeting delivery system exhibited a higher efficacy compared with non-targeting nanoparticles, resulting in a dramatically reduction of STAT3 expression in both cells, and a successful shift from M2 phenotypes (pro-tumor) to M1 phenotypes (anti-tumor) for macrophages. Additionally, the influence of the nanoparticles on LLC cells co-cultured with M2 macrophages was also investigated. The increased apoptosis and inhibition of proliferation of LLC cells were observed. In vivo therapeutic effect was also evaluated in s.c. tumor models, tumor growth was effectively inhibited and the level of M2 macrophages in tumor tissues was dramatically reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Yushun Dou
- Department of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Yue Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China.
| | - Xinru Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
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Glioblastomas exploit truncated O -linked glycans for local and distant immune modulation via the macrophage galactose-type lectin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:3693-3703. [PMID: 32019882 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1907921117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most aggressive brain malignancy, for which immunotherapy has failed to prolong survival. Glioblastoma-associated immune infiltrates are dominated by tumor-associated macrophages and microglia (TAMs), which are key mediators of immune suppression and resistance to immunotherapy. We and others demonstrated aberrant expression of glycans in different cancer types. These tumor-associated glycans trigger inhibitory signaling in TAMs through glycan-binding receptors. We investigated the glioblastoma glycocalyx as a tumor-intrinsic immune suppressor. We detected increased expression of both tumor-associated truncated O-linked glycans and their receptor, macrophage galactose-type lectin (MGL), on CD163+ TAMs in glioblastoma patient-derived tumor tissues. In an immunocompetent orthotopic glioma mouse model overexpressing truncated O-linked glycans (MGL ligands), high-dimensional mass cytometry revealed a wide heterogeneity of infiltrating myeloid cells with increased infiltration of PD-L1+ TAMs as well as distant alterations in the bone marrow (BM). Our results demonstrate that glioblastomas exploit cell surface O-linked glycans for local and distant immune modulation.
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48
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Shigeoka M, Koma YI, Kodama T, Nishio M, Akashi M, Yokozaki H. Intraepithelial CD163 + macrophages in tongue leukoplakia biopsy: A promising tool for cancer screening. Oral Dis 2020; 26:527-536. [PMID: 31886947 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oral leukoplakia has mixed and differing histopathological features, and it is thus difficult to reach an accurate histological diagnosis of oral leukoplakia based on a local biopsy alone. We recently demonstrated the significance of CD163+ macrophages in oral carcinogenesis. Herein we sought to determine whether CD163+ macrophages in biopsy specimens of oral leukoplakia help identify the overall histological nature of the lesion. PATIENTS AND METHODS Twenty-six patients with tongue leukoplakia who underwent a histological examination by both a preoperative local biopsy and consecutive total excision were enrolled. We evaluated clinicopathological factors and the expression of CD163+ macrophages based on a retrospective comparison of the histological diagnostic concordance between the biopsies and excisions. RESULTS Seventeen patients (diagnostic-agreement group) were diagnosed with squamous intraepithelial lesion based on both the biopsy and the excision. Nine patients (diagnostic-discrepancy group) were diagnosed with invasive cancer by excision, although invasive cancer was not observed in their biopsy specimens. Compared to the diagnostic-agreement group, the diagnostic-discrepancy group had more tongue leukoplakia with non-homogenous or high numbers of intraepithelial CD163+ macrophages. CONCLUSION The evaluation of intraepithelial CD163+ macrophages in local biopsy specimens from tongue leukoplakia patients is a promising tool for cancer screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Shigeoka
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yu-Ichiro Koma
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kodama
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Mari Nishio
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masaya Akashi
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Surgery Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yokozaki
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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Gouveia-Fernandes S. Monocytes and Macrophages in Cancer: Unsuspected Roles. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1219:161-185. [PMID: 32130699 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-34025-4_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The behavior of cancer is undoubtedly affected by stroma. Macrophages belong to this microenvironment and their presence correlates with reduced survival in most cancers. After a tumor-induced "immunoediting", these monocytes/macrophages, originally the first line of defense against tumor cells, undergo a phenotypic switch and become tumor-supportive and immunosuppressive.The influence of these tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) on cancer is present in all traits of carcinogenesis. These cells participate in tumor initiation and growth, migration, vascularization, invasion and metastasis. Although metastasis is extremely clinically relevant, this step is always reliant on the angiogenic ability of tumors. Therefore, the formation of new blood vessels in tumors assumes particular importance as a limiting step for disease progression.Herein, the once unsuspected roles of macrophages in cancer will be discussed and their importance as a promising strategy to treat this group of diseases will be reminded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Gouveia-Fernandes
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School | Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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Noyori O, Komohara Y, Nasser H, Hiyoshi M, Ma C, Pan C, Carreras J, Nakamura N, Sato A, Ando K, Okuno Y, Nosaka K, Matsuoka M, Suzu S. Expression of IL-34 correlates with macrophage infiltration and prognosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Clin Transl Immunology 2019; 8:e1074. [PMID: 31417675 PMCID: PMC6691654 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Infiltration of macrophages through the tyrosine kinase receptor CSF1R is a poor prognosis factor in various solid tumors. Indeed, these tumors produce CSF1R ligand, macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (M‐CSF) or interleukin‐34 (IL‐34). However, the significance of these cytokines, particularly, the newly discovered IL‐34 in haematological malignancies, is not fully understood. We therefore analysed the role of IL‐34 in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL), the most common subtype of malignant lymphoma. Methods We analysed formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded lymphoma tissues of 135 DLBCL patients for the expression of IL‐34 and the number of macrophages, and the survival of these patients. The expression of IL‐34 in DLBCL cell lines and the activity of IL‐34 to induce the migration of monocytic cells were also characterised. Results Several lymphoma tissues showed a clear IL‐34 signal, and such signal was detectable in 36% of patients. DLBCL cell lines also expressed IL‐34. Interestingly, the percentage of IL‐34+ patients in the activated B‐cell subtype was significantly higher than that in the germinal centre B‐cell subtype. More interestingly, IL‐34+ patients showed shorter survival periods and higher number of macrophages in lymphoma tissues. The recruitment of monocytes is likely the first step for the higher macrophage density in the IL‐34+ lymphoma tissues. Indeed, IL‐34 induced the migration of monocytic cells. Conclusion Our results raise the possibility that IL‐34 in lymphoma tissues of DLBCL patients recruits monocytes, leading to the higher number of macrophages in the tissues and poor prognosis of patients. IL‐34 may be an additional therapeutic target of DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Noyori
- International Research Center for Medical Sciences Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Komohara
- Department of Cell Pathology Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan
| | - Hesham Nasser
- International Research Center for Medical Sciences Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan
| | - Masateru Hiyoshi
- International Research Center for Medical Sciences Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan.,Present address: Department of Safety Research on Blood and Biologics National Institute of Infectious Diseases Tokyo Japan
| | - Chaoya Ma
- Department of Cell Pathology Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan
| | - Cheng Pan
- Department of Cell Pathology Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan
| | - Joaquim Carreras
- Department of Pathology School of Medicine Tokai University Kanagawa Japan
| | - Naoya Nakamura
- Department of Pathology School of Medicine Tokai University Kanagawa Japan
| | - Ai Sato
- Department of Hematology and Oncology School of Medicine Tokai University Kanagawa Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Ando
- Department of Hematology and Oncology School of Medicine Tokai University Kanagawa Japan
| | - Yutaka Okuno
- Department of Hematology, Rheumatology, and Infectious Diseases Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan
| | - Kisato Nosaka
- Department of Hematology, Rheumatology, and Infectious Diseases Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan
| | - Masao Matsuoka
- Department of Hematology, Rheumatology, and Infectious Diseases Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan
| | - Shinya Suzu
- International Research Center for Medical Sciences Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan
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