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Juras A, Crkvenac Gornik K, Held M, Sestan M, Turudic D, Sapina M, Srsen S, Huljev Frkovic S, Frkovic M, Gagro A, Jelusic M. Association of Glutathione Transferase M1, T1, P1 and A1 Gene Polymorphism and Susceptibility to IgA Vasculitis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7777. [PMID: 39063019 PMCID: PMC11277070 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cell injury is a hallmark of IgA vasculitis (IgAV), possibly associated with various factors, including oxidative stress. Certain single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of glutathione S-transferases (GST) genes have been shown to increase susceptibility to oxidative stress. The objective of our study was to evaluate the gene polymorphisms of GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1, and GSTA1 in patients with IgAV. DNA was extracted from the blood of 124 children with IgAV and 168 age-matched healthy controls. A higher frequency of the GSTM1 null genotype was observed in patients with gastrointestinal (GI) system involvement compared to those without GI system involvement (51.5% vs. 28.6%, p = 0.011). Additionally, the GSTM1 null genotype was less prevalent (30.8% vs. 69.2%, p = 0.032), while the GSTP1 Val/Val genotype was significantly more prevalent in patients who developed urogenital complications (scrotal swelling) during the course of the disease (60% vs. 40%, p = 0.039). This study is the first to suggest an association between GSTM1 and GSTP1 polymorphisms and various phenotypes observed during the clinical course of IgAV in the pediatric population. However, it was performed on a national and likely single ethnic cohort, too small for definitive conclusions, so larger studies are needed to confirm this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Juras
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (A.J.); (K.C.G.)
| | - Kristina Crkvenac Gornik
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (A.J.); (K.C.G.)
| | - Martina Held
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.H.); (M.S.); (D.T.); (S.H.F.); (M.F.)
| | - Mario Sestan
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.H.); (M.S.); (D.T.); (S.H.F.); (M.F.)
| | - Daniel Turudic
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.H.); (M.S.); (D.T.); (S.H.F.); (M.F.)
| | - Matej Sapina
- Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital Centre Osijek, Medical Faculty Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia;
| | - Sasa Srsen
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Split School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Split, 21 000 Split, Croatia;
| | - Sanda Huljev Frkovic
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.H.); (M.S.); (D.T.); (S.H.F.); (M.F.)
| | - Marijan Frkovic
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.H.); (M.S.); (D.T.); (S.H.F.); (M.F.)
| | - Alenka Gagro
- Medical Faculty Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia;
- Department of Paediatrics, Children’s Hospital Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marija Jelusic
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.H.); (M.S.); (D.T.); (S.H.F.); (M.F.)
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Mao L, Qin Y, Fan J, Yang W, Li B, Cao L, Yuan L, Wang M, Liu B, Wang W. Rapid discovery of a novel "green" and natural GST inhibitor for sensitizing hepatocellular carcinoma to Cisplatin by visual screening strategy. J Pharm Anal 2024; 14:100923. [PMID: 38799232 PMCID: PMC11127223 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2023.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Over-expression of glutathione S-transferase (GST) can promote Cisplatin resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment. Hence, inhibiting GST is an attractive strategy to improve Cisplatin sensitivity in HCC therapy. Although several synthesized GST inhibitors have been developed, the side effects and narrow spectrum for anticancer seriously limit their clinical application. Considering the abundance of natural compounds with anticancer activity, this study developed a rapid fluorescence technique to screen "green" natural GST inhibitors with high specificity. The fluorescence assay demonstrated that schisanlactone B (hereafter abbreviated as C1) isolated from Xue tong significantly down-regulated GST levels in Cisplatin-resistant HCC cells in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, C1 can selectively kill HCC cells from normal liver cells, effectively improving the therapeutic effect of Cisplatin on HCC mice by down-regulating GST expression. Considering the high GST levels in HCC patients, this compound demonstrated the high potential for sensitizing HCC therapy in clinical practice by down-regulating GST levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linxi Mao
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Yan Qin
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Jialong Fan
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Wei Yang
- College of Foreign Languages, Hunan Women's University, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Bin Li
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Liang Cao
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Liqin Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Mengyun Wang
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Wei Wang
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
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Sha H, Zou R, Lu Y, Gan Y, Ma R, Feng J, Chen D. NBDHEX re-sensitizes adriamycin-resistant breast cancer by inhibiting glutathione S-transferase pi. Cancer Med 2023; 12:5833-5845. [PMID: 36266920 PMCID: PMC10028113 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Adriamycin is a novel chemotherapeutic agent of great benefit for treating breast cancer. However, adriamycin -resistance remains a major obstacle. The vital Glutathione transferase P1 (GSTPi) inhibitor 6-(7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-ylthio) hexanol (NBDHEX) has recently shown antitumor activity in various cancers. In this study, we analyzed the effect of NBDHEX and adriamycin combination against breast cancer in vitro and in vivo. METHODS CCK-8 assay was performed to test cell viability. The location and expression level of GSTpi was determined by immunofluorescence and Western blot in cells and immunohistochemistry staining in tissues. The enzyme activity test was applied to detect the effect of NBDHEX on the activity of GSTpi. The apoptosis related proteins' expression was tested using Western blot. The phosphorylation sites of GSTpi were detected by mass spectrometry. Antitumor effects of single treatment or co-administration of adriamycin and NBDHEX were evaluated in nude mice. RESULTS NBDHEX treatment inhibited GSTpi enzyme activity and co-administration of adriamycin and NBDHEX promoted apoptosis of adriamycin-resistance breast cancer cell. Moreover, drug combination of NBDHEX and adriamycin significantly enhanced tumor growth inhibition compared with single agent. CONCLUSION NBDHEX serves as a good candidate for combination with adriamycin, offering new insights for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Sha
- Department of ChemotherapyJiangsu Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer ResearchNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Renrui Zou
- The Fourth Clinical School of The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer ResearchNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Ya Lu
- The Fourth Clinical School of The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer ResearchNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Yujie Gan
- The Fourth Clinical School of The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer ResearchNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Rong Ma
- Research Center of Clinical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer ResearchNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Jifeng Feng
- The Fourth Clinical School of The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer ResearchNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Dan Chen
- Research Center of Clinical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer ResearchNanjingJiangsuChina
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Kobayashi H, Imanaka S, Shigetomi H. Revisiting therapeutic strategies for ovarian cancer by focusing on redox homeostasis. Oncol Lett 2022; 23:80. [PMID: 35111249 PMCID: PMC8771630 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in molecular genetics have expanded our understanding of ovarian cancer. High levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and upregulation of antioxidant genes are common characteristic features of human cancers. This review reconsiders novel therapeutic strategies for ovarian cancer by focusing on redox homeostasis. A literature search was performed for preclinical and clinical studies published between January 1998 and October 2021 in the PubMed database using a combination of specific terms. ROS serves a central role in tumor suppression and progression by inducing DNA damage and mutations, genomic instability, and aberrant anti- and pro-tumorigenic signaling. Cancer cells increase their antioxidant capacity to neutralize the extra ROS. Additionally, antioxidants, such as CD44 variant isoform 9 (CD44v9) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), mediate redox homeostasis in ovarian cancer. Furthermore, studies conducted on different cancer types revealed the dual role of antioxidants in tumor progression and inhibition. However, in animal models, genetic loss of antioxidant capacity in the host cannot block cancer initiation and progression. Host-derived antioxidant systems are essential to suppress carcinogenesis, suggesting that antioxidants serve a pivotal role in suppressing cancer development. By contrast, antioxidant activation in cancer cells confers aggressive phenotypes. Antioxidant inhibitors can promote cancer cell death by enhancing ROS levels. Concurrent inhibition of CD44v9 and Nrf2 may trigger apoptosis induction, potentiate chemosensitivity and enhance antitumor activities through the ROS-activated p38/p21 pathway. Antioxidants may have tumor-promoting and -suppressive functions. Therefore, an improved understanding of the role of antioxidants in redox homeostasis and developing antioxidant-specific inhibitors is necessary for treating ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kobayashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ms. Clinic MayOne, Kashihara, Nara 634-0813, Japan
| | - Shogo Imanaka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ms. Clinic MayOne, Kashihara, Nara 634-0813, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shigetomi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aska Ladies Clinic, Nara 634-0001, Japan
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Lin H, Sun W, Zeng T, Li H, Xu C, Chen Y, Yin W. Identification of fosaprepitant as a novel GSTP1 inhibitor through structure-based virtual screening, molecular dynamics simulation, and biological evaluation. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj04597k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The workflow of virtual screening for the discovery of GSTP1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Lin
- The State Key Lab of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenxiu Sun
- Department of pharmacy, Lingbi people's Hospital, Suzhou, Anhui, China
| | - Tao Zeng
- The State Key Lab of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hengda Li
- The State Key Lab of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenming Xu
- The State Key Lab of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Chen
- The Affiliated cancer hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu cancer hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Wu Yin
- The State Key Lab of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Walia HK, Singh N, Sharma S. GSTP1 Ile105Val polymorphism among North Indian lung cancer patients treated using monotherapy and poly-pharmacy. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:S739-S752. [PMID: 34780261 DOI: 10.1177/09603271211059496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic polymorphism within the P1 isoenzyme of the Glutathione-S-Transferase (GST) family is found to modulate and alter the enzyme activity of GSTP1 protein and thus may result in a change of sensitivity to platinum-based chemotherapy. We investigated the relationship between GSTP1 Ile105Val polymorphisms and overall survival, treatment response, and for both hematological and non-hematological toxicity of advanced North Indian lung cancer patients undergoing platinum-based double chemotherapy. METHODS The polymorphism of GSTP1 Ile105Val in North Indian lung cancer patients was assessed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. A total of 682 lung cancer patients were enrolled in the study, and it was observed that patients who were carrying both the mutant alleles (Val/Val) for the GSTP1 polymorphism showed a higher trend of median survival time (MST) as compared to the patients bearing the wild type of genotype (Ile/Ile) (MST = 8.30 vs. 7.47, p = 0.56). Based on toxicity profiling, we observed that lung cancer patients with the mutant genotype of GSTP1 (Val/Val) had an increased risk of leukopenia (OR = 2.41; 95% CI = 1.39-4.18, p = 0.001) as compared to subjects carrying both copies of the wild alleles (Ile/Ile). Our data suggested that patients with heterozygous genotype (Ile/Val) had a 2.14-fold increased risk of developing severe anemia (OR = 2.14, 95% CI = 0.97-4.62, p = 0.03). Our data also showed that in small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) patients' polymorphism of GSTP1 was associated with thrombocytopenia (χ2 test = 7.32, p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that GSTP1 Ile105Val polymorphism could be a predictive biomarker for hematological toxicity, like leukopenia and anemia, but not thrombocytopenia or neutropenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harleen Kaur Walia
- Department of Biotechnology, 29080Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology, Patiala, India
| | - Navneet Singh
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, 29751Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Siddharth Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, 29080Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology, Patiala, India
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7
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Han T, Wu Y, Han W, Yan K, Zhao J, Sun Y. Antitumor Effect of Organometallic Half-Sandwich Ru(II)-Arene Complexes Bearing a Glutathione S-Transferase Inhibitor. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:13051-13061. [PMID: 34369147 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The facile modification of the ligands in organometallic Ru(II)-arene complexes offers more opportunities to optimize their pharmacological profiles. Herein, three Ru(II)-arene complexes containing a glutathione S-transferase (GST) inhibitor (NBDHEX) in chelate ligand have been designed and synthesized in this study. In vitro results indicated that the ligation with NBDHEX significantly increased the activities and selectivities of the organometallic Ru(II)-arene complexes against tumor cells, especially complex 3, which was the most active compound among the tested compounds. DFT calculations and hydrolysis results demonstrated that complex 3 with more alkyl groups in the arene ligand has increased electron density at the Ru(II) center as compared with complexes 1 and 2, thus resulting in the improved hydrolysis rate, which may be responsible for its higher anticancer activity. Further studies showed that complexes 1-3 can cause the loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential and upregulate the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in A549 cells, suggesting that complexes 1-3-induced cell death may be mediated via the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Thus, these findings suggested that simultaneous modification of the chelate ligands and arene rings in the organometallic Ru(II)-arene complexes is an effective way to improve their pharmacological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Yuying Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Weinan Han
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Kaiwen Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Yanyan Sun
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
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Liu Q, Liu Z, Hua W, Gou S. Discovery of 6-(7-Nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-ylthio)hexanol Derivatives as Glutathione Transferase Inhibitors with Favorable Selectivity and Tolerated Toxicity. J Med Chem 2021; 64:1701-1712. [PMID: 33529017 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c02048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Glutathione transferase (GST P1-1) is a potential target for anticancer drugs. In this work, a series of 6-(7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-ylthio)hexanol (NBDHEX) derivatives as GST P1-1 inhibitors were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their biological activity. Among the target compounds, 4n showed more selective inhibition toward GST P1-1 and GST M2-2, better water solubility, and more potent anticancer activities toward all the tested cancer cells (except for HOS) than its parent molecule. Detailed biological studies on the effect of 4n toward 143b cells revealed that 4n could arrest the cell cycle at the G2 phase and induced cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Like NBDHEX, 4n displayed good pharmacokinetic characteristics. An in vivo study on 143b xenograft models demonstrated that 4n could significantly reduce tumor growth in a dose-dependent manner, showing stronger antitumor activity than NBDHEX. Thus, 4n deserves to be further investigated as a potential antitumor agent for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Liu
- Pharmaceutical Research Center and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Zhikun Liu
- Pharmaceutical Research Center and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Wuyang Hua
- Pharmaceutical Research Center and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Shaohua Gou
- Pharmaceutical Research Center and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.,Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211189, China
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Chen H, Chen F, Wang X, Gou S. Multifunctional Pt(iv) complexes containing a glutathione S-transferase inhibitor lead to enhancing anticancer activity and preventing metastasis of osteosarcoma cells. Metallomics 2020; 11:317-326. [PMID: 30560252 DOI: 10.1039/c8mt00296g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin has been clinically applied in the treatment of osteosarcoma (OS), but its efficacy is severely limited due to drug resistance and metastasis. One of the chief culprits is the overexpression of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) in cancer cells, which can accelerate the interaction of glutathione (GSH) with cisplatin, reducing its biological effects. In this study, three Pt(iv) complexes derived from cisplatin conjugated with a GST inhibitor (NBDHEX) were designed and synthesized. The stabilities and releasing capabilities of these complexes, as well as their abilities to inhibit GSTs, were investigated together with their in vitro anticancer activities toward osteosarcoma cells. Among them, complex 2, bearing one NBDHEX derivative and a hydroxyl group at the axial positions, could markedly kill human OS cells due to its suitable stability and prominent ability to inhibit GSTs. Meanwhile, it can prevent the metastasis of OS via down-regulating Akt. Thus, complex 2 has the potential for further research for the treatment of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- Pharmaceutical Research Center and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
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10
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Dong SC, Sha HH, Xu XY, Hu TM, Lou R, Li H, Wu JZ, Dan C, Feng J. Glutathione S-transferase π: a potential role in antitumor therapy. Drug Des Devel Ther 2018; 12:3535-3547. [PMID: 30425455 PMCID: PMC6204874 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s169833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferase π (GSTπ) is a Phase II metabolic enzyme that is an important facilitator of cellular detoxification. Traditional dogma asserts that GSTπ functions to catalyze glutathione (GSH)-substrate conjunction to preserve the macromolecule upon exposure to oxidative stress, thus defending cells against various toxic compounds. Over the past 20 years, abnormal GSTπ expression has been linked to the occurrence of tumor resistance to chemotherapy drugs, demonstrating that this enzyme possesses functions beyond metabolism. This revelation reveals exciting possibilities in the realm of drug discovery, as GSTπ inhibitors and its prodrugs offer a feasible strategy in designing anticancer drugs with the primary purpose of reversing tumor resistance. In connection with the authors' current research, we provide a review on the biological function of GSTπ and current developments in GSTπ-targeting drugs, as well as the prospects of future strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Chen Dong
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research and Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing 210009, China, ;
| | - Huan-Huan Sha
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research and Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing 210009, China, ;
| | - Xiao-Yue Xu
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research and Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing 210009, China, ;
| | - Tian-Mu Hu
- Department of Biological Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Rui Lou
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research and Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing 210009, China, ;
| | - Huizi Li
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research and Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing 210009, China, ;
| | - Jian-Zhong Wu
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research and Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing 210009, China, ;
| | - Chen Dan
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research and Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing 210009, China, ;
| | - Jifeng Feng
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research and Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing 210009, China, ;
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6-(7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-ylthio) hexanol: a promising new anticancer compound. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20171440. [PMID: 29358310 PMCID: PMC5809612 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20171440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The 7-nitro-2,1,3-nitrobenzoxadiazole (NBD) derivatives are a series of compounds containing the NBD scaffold that are not glutathione (GSH) peptidomimetics, and result in a strong inhibition of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). Growing evidences highlight their pivotal roles and outstanding anticancer activity in different tumor models. In particular, 6-(7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-ylthio) hexanol (NBDHEX) is extensively studied, which is a very efficient inhibitor of GSTP1-1. It triggers apoptosis in several tumor cell lines and this cytotoxic activity is observed at micro and submicromolar concentrations. Importantly, studies have shown that NBDHEX acts as an anticancer drug by inhibiting GSTs catalytic activity, avoiding inconvenience of the inhibitor extrusion from the cell by specific pumps and disrupting the interaction between the GSTP1-1 and key signaling effectors. Additionally, some researchers also have discovered that NBDHEX can act as late-phase autophagy inhibitor, which opens new opportunities to fully exploit its therapeutic potential. In this review, we summarize the advantages, anticancer mechanisms, and analogs of this compound, which will establish the basis on the usage of NBDHEX in clinical applications in future.
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12
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The role of Nrf2 and ATF2 in resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2017; 79:369-380. [DOI: 10.1007/s00280-016-3225-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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13
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De Luca A, Rotili D, Carpanese D, Lenoci A, Calderan L, Scimeca M, Mai A, Bonanno E, Rosato A, Geroni C, Quintieri L, Caccuri AM. A novel orally active water-soluble inhibitor of human glutathione transferase exerts a potent and selective antitumor activity against human melanoma xenografts. Oncotarget 2016; 6:4126-43. [PMID: 25595904 PMCID: PMC4414177 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We designed and synthesized two novel nitrobenzoxadiazole (NBD) analogues of the anticancer agent 6-((7-nitrobenzo[c][1,2,5]oxadiazol-4-yl)thio)hexan-1-ol (NBDHEX). The new compounds, namely MC3165 and MC3181, bear one and two oxygen atoms within the hydroxy-containing alkyl chain at the C4 position of the NBD scaffold, respectively. This insertion did not alter the chemical reactivity with reduced glutathione, while it conferred a remarkable increase in water solubility. MC3181 was more selective than NBDHEX towards the target protein, glutathione transferase P1-1, and highly effective in vitro against a panel of human melanoma cell lines, with IC50 in the submicromolar-low micromolar range. Interestingly, the cellular response to MC3181 was cell-type-specific; the compound triggered a JNK-dependent apoptosis in the BRAF-V600E-mutated A375 cells, while it induced morphological changes together with an increase in melanogenesis in BRAF wild-type SK23-MEL cells. MC3181 exhibited a remarkable therapeutic activity against BRAF-V600E-mutant xenografts, both after intravenous and oral administration. Outstandingly, no treatment-related signs of toxicity were observed both in healthy and tumor-bearing mice after single and repeated administrations. Taken together, these results indicate that MC3181 may represent a potential novel therapeutic opportunity for BRAF-mutated human melanoma, while being safe and water-soluble and thus overcoming all the critical aspects of NBDHEX in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia De Luca
- The NAST Centre for Nanoscience & Nanotechnology & Innovative Instrumentation, University of Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Dante Rotili
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, "Sapienza" University, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Debora Carpanese
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Alessia Lenoci
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, "Sapienza" University, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Calderan
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Manuel Scimeca
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.,TMALab s.r.l., Spin-off of University of Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonello Mai
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, "Sapienza" University, 00185 Rome, Italy.,Pasteur Institute, Cenci-Bolognetti Foundation, "Sapienza" University, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Bonanno
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.,TMALab s.r.l., Spin-off of University of Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Rosato
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy.,Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | | | - Luigi Quintieri
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Caccuri
- The NAST Centre for Nanoscience & Nanotechnology & Innovative Instrumentation, University of Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.,Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
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14
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Palumbo C, De Luca A, Rosato N, Forgione M, Rotili D, Caccuri AM. c-Jun N-terminal kinase activation by nitrobenzoxadiazoles leads to late-stage autophagy inhibition. J Transl Med 2016; 14:37. [PMID: 26847645 PMCID: PMC4743117 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-016-0796-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nitrobenzoxadiazole derivatives (NBDs), including NBDHEX and the recently developed MC3181, are promising anticancer agents able to target glutathione transferase and inhibit both its catalytic activity and ability to sequester TNF-receptor associated factor 2 (TRAF2) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). NBDs have been shown to impair the growth and survival of a broad-spectrum of tumor types, in vitro and in vivo. Herein, we evaluated the effects of the new compound MC3181 on U-2OS osteosarcoma cells and investigated the impact of both NBDHEX and MC3181 on autophagy. METHODS Cell viability was evaluated by sulforhodamine B assay. The dissociation of the TRAF2-GSTP1-1 complex was detected by proximity ligation assay, while the phospho-activation of JNK was assessed by western blotting. The effects of NBDs on autophagy were evaluated by GFP-LC3 puncta formation, western blotting for LC3-II and p62, and LC3 turnover assay in the presence of bafilomycin A1. The role of JNK in the reduction of autophagic flux caused by NBDs was investigated using JNK1 shRNA-transfected cells. Fluorogenic caspase activity assay and flow cytometric analysis of DNA content were used to determine the cytotoxic effects of NBDs on JNK1-silenced cells. RESULTS Similar to NBDHEX, MC3181 reduced viability and activated TRAF2/JNK signaling in U-2OS cells. Moreover, NBDs induced the accumulation of autophagic vesicles and LC3-II while reducing both basal and nutritional stress-induced autophagic flux. Furthermore, increased levels of both LC3-II and the autophagy selective substrate p62 were observed in different tumor cell lines treated with NBDs, the concurrent increase of these markers being consistent with an impairment of autophagosome clearance. Autophagy inhibition by NBDs required JNK activity: NBDs caused autophagy inhibition and caspase-3 activation in JNK-positive U-2OS, but no autophagic flux inhibition or caspase-3 activation in JNK-silenced cells. CONCLUSIONS Our demonstration that NBDs can act as late-phase autophagy inhibitors opens new opportunities to fully exploit their therapeutic potential. This may not rely solely on their effectiveness in inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, but also on their ability to weaken the capacity of tumor cells to endure stress conditions via autophagy. In addition, this study provides evidence that JNK can participate in impairing autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Palumbo
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - Anastasia De Luca
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - Nicola Rosato
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy. .,The NAST Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology and Innovative Instrumentation, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - Mariantonietta Forgione
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy. .,Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza, Italian Institute of Technology, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Dante Rotili
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
| | - Anna Maria Caccuri
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy. .,The NAST Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology and Innovative Instrumentation, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
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15
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Yuan ZJ, Zhou WW, Liu W, Wu BP, Zhao J, Wu W, He Y, Yang S, Su J, Luo Y. Association of GSTP1 and RRM1 Polymorphisms with the Response and Toxicity of Gemcitabine-cisplatin Combination Chemotherapy in Chinese Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 16:4347-51. [PMID: 26028097 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.10.4347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies showed that genetic polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) were involved in glutathione metabolism and genetic polymorphisms of ribonucleotide reductase (RRM1) were correlated with DNA synthesis. Here we explored the effects of these polymorphisms on the chemosensitivity and clinical outcome in Chinese non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with gemcitabine-cisplatin regimens. MATERIALS AND METHODS DNA sequencing was used to evaluate genetic polymorphisms of GSTP1 Ile105Val and RRM1 C37A-T524C in 47 NSCLC patients treated with gemcitabine-cisplatin regimens. Clinical response was evaluated according to RECIST criteria after 2 cycles of chemotherapy and toxicity was assessed by 1979 WHO criteria (acute and subacute toxicity graduation criteria in chemotherapeutic agents). RESULTS There was no statistical significance between sensitive and non-sensitive groups regarding the genotype frequency distribution of GSTP1 Ile105Val polymorphism (p>0.05). But for RRM1 C37A-T524C genotype, sensitive group had higher proportion of high effective genotype than non-sensitive group (p=0.009). And according to the joint detection of GSTP1 Ile105Val and RRM1 C37A-T524C polymorphisms, the proportion of type A (A/A+high effective genotype) was significantly higher in sensitive group than in non-sensitive group (p=0.009). Toxicity showed no correlation with the genotypes between two groups (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Compared with single detection of genetic polymorphisms of GSTP1 Ile105Val or RRM1 C37A-T524C, joint detection of both may be more helpful for patients with NSCLC to receive gemcitabine-cisplatin regimens as the first-line chemotherapy. Especially, genetic polymorphism of RRM1 is more likely to be used as an important biomarker to predict the response and toxicity of gemcitabine-cisplatin combination chemotherapy in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Jun Yuan
- Medical Department of Veteran Cadre, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China E-mail :
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16
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Graziani G, Artuso S, De Luca A, Muzi A, Rotili D, Scimeca M, Atzori MG, Ceci C, Mai A, Leonetti C, Levati L, Bonanno E, Tentori L, Caccuri AM. A new water soluble MAPK activator exerts antitumor activity in melanoma cells resistant to the BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib. Biochem Pharmacol 2015; 95:16-27. [PMID: 25795251 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Recovery of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) or activation of alternative pathways, such as the PI3K/AKT/mTOR, are involved in acquired resistance to BRAF inhibitors which represent the first-line treatment of BRAF-mutated metastatic melanoma. We recently demonstrated that 6-((7-nitrobenzo[c][1,2,5]oxadiazol-4-yl)thio)hexan-1-ol (NBDHEX) and its water soluble analog 2-(2-(2-((7-nitrobenzo[c][1,2,5]oxadiazol-4-yl)thio)ethoxy)ethoxy)ethanol (MC3181) trigger apoptosis in BRAF V600E mutated melanoma cells through activation of the MAPK c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Herein, we investigated whether NBDHEX and MC3181 might exert antitumor activity against BRAF V600E mutated human melanoma cells rendered resistant to the BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib. To this aim we generated a subline of A375 melanoma resistant in vitro and in vivo to vemurafenib (A375-VR8) and characterized by NRAS G13R mutation, high basal levels of CRAF protein and phospho-activation of AKT. In these cells ERK phosphorylation was not significantly down-modulated by vemurafenib concentrations capable of abrogating ERK phosphorylation in sensitive A375 cells. Both NBDHEX and MC3181 induced marked antiproliferative and apoptotic effects in A375-VR8 cells and, at equitoxic concentrations, caused a strong phosphorylation of JNK, p38, and of the downstream mediators of apoptosis ATF2 and p53. Drug treatment further increased ERK phosphorylation, which was required for the cellular response to the NBD derivatives, as apoptosis was antagonized by the ERK inhibitor FR180204. Finally, in vivo administration of MC3181 provoked JNK activation at the tumor site and markedly reduced A375-VR8 growth. These evidences strongly suggest that the activation of multiple pro-apoptotic MAPK pathways by MC3181 might represent a new strategy for the treatment of melanoma resistant to BRAF inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazia Graziani
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Artuso
- Experimental Chemotherapy Laboratory, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Anastasia De Luca
- The NAST Centre for Nanoscience & Nanotechnology & Innovative Instrumentation, University of "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Muzi
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Dante Rotili
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Manuel Scimeca
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy; TMALab s.r.l., Spin-off of University of "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | | | - Claudia Ceci
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Antonello Mai
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy; Pasteur Institute, Cenci-Bolognetti Foundation, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Leonetti
- Experimental Chemotherapy Laboratory, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Lauretta Levati
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, "Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata" - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Bonanno
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy; TMALab s.r.l., Spin-off of University of "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Lucio Tentori
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Caccuri
- The NAST Centre for Nanoscience & Nanotechnology & Innovative Instrumentation, University of "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy; Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
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17
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Yang Y, Xiong J, Zhou Z, Huo F, Miao W, Ran C, Liu Y, Zhang J, Feng J, Wang M, Wang M, Wang L, Yao B. The genome of the myxosporean Thelohanellus kitauei shows adaptations to nutrient acquisition within its fish host. Genome Biol Evol 2014; 6:3182-98. [PMID: 25381665 PMCID: PMC4986447 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evu247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of Myxozoa, a parasitic metazoan taxon, have considerable detrimental effects on fish hosts and also have been associated with human food-borne illness. Little is known about their biology and metabolism. Analysis of the genome of Thelohanellus kitauei and comparative analysis with genomes of its two free-living cnidarian relatives revealed that T. kitauei has adapted to parasitism, as indicated by the streamlined metabolic repertoire and the tendency toward anabolism rather than catabolism. Thelohanellus kitauei mainly secretes proteases and protease inhibitors for nutrient digestion (parasite invasion), and depends on endocytosis (mainly low-density lipoprotein receptors-mediated type) and secondary carriers for nutrient absorption. Absence of both classic and complementary anaerobic pathways and gluconeogenesis, the lack of de novo synthesis and reduced activity in hydrolysis of fatty acids, amino acids, and nucleotides indicated that T. kitauei in this vertebrate host-parasite system has adapted to inhabit a physiological environment extremely rich in both oxygen and nutrients (especially glucose), which is consistent with its preferred parasitic site, that is, the host gut submucosa. Taking advantage of the genomic and transcriptomic information, 23 potential nutrition-related T. kitauei-specific chemotherapeutic targets were identified. This first genome sequence of a myxozoan will facilitate development of potential therapeutics for efficient control of myxozoan parasites and ultimately prevent myxozoan-induced fish-borne illnesses in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalin Yang
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhigang Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengmin Huo
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Miao
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Ran
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuchun Liu
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinmei Feng
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Wang
- Tianjin Biochip Corporation, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Wang
- TEDA School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- TEDA School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Yao
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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18
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Rotili D, De Luca A, Tarantino D, Pezzola S, Forgione M, Morozzo Della Rocca B, Falconi M, Mai A, Caccuri AM. Synthesis and structure--activity relationship of new cytotoxic agents targeting human glutathione-S-transferases. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 89:156-71. [PMID: 25462236 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Revised: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 10/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The 6-((7-nitrobenzo[c][1,2,5]oxadiazol-4-yl)thio)hexan-1-ol (NBDHEX, 1), a "suicide inhibitor" of the glutathione-S-transferase GSTP1-1, showed pro-apoptotic properties in tumor cells, but in vivo studies were limited by poor bioavailability and high affinity towards GSTM2-2, expressed in many non-cancerous tissues. Here we describe the synthesis and biological characterization of new 1 analogs (2-40), in which the hydroxyhexyl portion at the C4-sulfur atom has been replaced with phenyl-containing moieties as well as substituted alkyl chains. Some of the new compounds displayed 10-100 times increased water-solubility (8, 11, 17, 26-28, 34, 35), and most of them showed higher GSTP1-1 selectivity (2-20, 23-26, 31-33, 35) than 1. The presence of a phenyl ring with polar substituents is in general associated, with some exceptions (23, 24) to low cytotoxicity in osteosarcoma U-2OS cells. Differently, some alkyl derivatives possess cytotoxicity comparable (26, 34, 35) or higher (30, 32) than 1. Among the novel compounds, selected ones (26, 27, 34, and 35) deserve further investigation for their anticancer potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dante Rotili
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, "Sapienza" University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Anastasia De Luca
- NAST Centre for Nanoscience & Nanotechnology & Innovative Instrumentation, University of Tor Vergata, Viale della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Tarantino
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, "Sapienza" University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Pezzola
- NAST Centre for Nanoscience & Nanotechnology & Innovative Instrumentation, University of Tor Vergata, Viale della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Mariantonietta Forgione
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, "Sapienza" University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Mattia Falconi
- Department of Biology, University of Tor Vergata, Viale della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonello Mai
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, "Sapienza" University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; Pasteur Institute, Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Anna Maria Caccuri
- NAST Centre for Nanoscience & Nanotechnology & Innovative Instrumentation, University of Tor Vergata, Viale della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Rome, Italy; Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy.
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19
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Sawers L, Ferguson MJ, Ihrig BR, Young HC, Chakravarty P, Wolf CR, Smith G. Glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) directly influences platinum drug chemosensitivity in ovarian tumour cell lines. Br J Cancer 2014; 111:1150-8. [PMID: 25010864 PMCID: PMC4453841 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Revised: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapy response in ovarian cancer patients is frequently compromised by drug resistance, possibly due to altered drug metabolism. Platinum drugs are metabolised by glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1), which is abundantly, but variably expressed in ovarian tumours. We have created novel ovarian tumour cell line models to investigate the extent to which differential GSTP1 expression influences chemosensitivity. METHODS Glutathione S-transferase P1 was stably deleted in A2780 and expression significantly reduced in cisplatin-resistant A2780DPP cells using Mission shRNA constructs, and MTT assays used to compare chemosensitivity to chemotherapy drugs used to treat ovarian cancer. Differentially expressed genes in GSTP1 knockdown cells were identified by Illumina HT-12 expression arrays and qRT-PCR analysis, and altered pathways predicted by MetaCore (GeneGo) analysis. Cell cycle changes were assessed by FACS analysis of PI-labelled cells and invasion and migration compared in quantitative Boyden chamber-based assays. RESULTS Glutathione S-transferase P1 knockdown selectively influenced cisplatin and carboplatin chemosensitivity (2.3- and 4.83-fold change in IC50, respectively). Cell cycle progression was unaffected, but cell invasion and migration was significantly reduced. We identified several novel GSTP1 target genes and candidate platinum chemotherapy response biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS Glutathione S-transferase P1 has an important role in cisplatin and carboplatin metabolism in ovarian cancer cells. Inter-tumour differences in GSTP1 expression may therefore influence response to platinum-based chemotherapy in ovarian cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Sawers
- Division of Cancer Research, Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| | - M J Ferguson
- Dundee Cancer Centre, NHS Tayside, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| | - B R Ihrig
- Division of Cancer Research, Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| | - H C Young
- Division of Cancer Research, Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| | - P Chakravarty
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Service, Cancer Research UK, 44 Lincolns Inn Fields, London WC2A 3PX, London, UK
| | - C R Wolf
- Division of Cancer Research, Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
- Cancer Research UK Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Division of Cancer Research, Medical Research Institute, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| | - G Smith
- Division of Cancer Research, Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
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20
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Chen J, Solomides C, Simpkins H. Sensitization of mesothelioma cells to platinum-based chemotherapy by GSTπ knockdown. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 447:77-82. [PMID: 24690178 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.03.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
It is predicted that the incidence of mesothelioma will increase and thus it is important to find new ways to treat this chemoresistant tumor. Glutathione-S-Transferase π (GSTπ) is found at significant levels in mesotheliomas and thus attenuating its intracellular levels may provide a means of sensitizing mesothelioma cells to chemotherapy. GSTπ knockdowns were therefore prepared with shRNA (less off-target effects) employing two cell lines (211H, H2452) that were typed by immunohistochemistry to be of mesothelial origin. The knockdowns exhibited a decrease in both total GST enzyme activity and GSTπ protein levels as well as an increase in both glutathione levels and sensitivity to cis and oxaliplatin. Cisplatin treatment of the knockdowns increased ROS levels significantly (as compared to the parental cells) and produced activation of the JNK/p38 pathways and activating transcription factor (ATF2). The degree of activation and increase in ROS appeared to correlate with the cell line's sensitivity to cisplatin. Treatment with N-Acetyl Cysteine decreased ROS production and JNK/p38 phosphorylation but had minimal affect on ATF2 suggesting a direct interaction of GTPπ with this transcription factor. Oxaliplatin treatment produced only minimal changes in ROS levels and activation of the JNK/p38 pathway. Recently, new methods of siRNA delivery (nanoparticles) have been shown to be effective in decreasing the levels of target proteins in humans including candidate genes involved in drug resistance - thus this approach may have promise in sensitizing cisplatin-resistant tumors to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianli Chen
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, NS-LIJ Health System, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine at Staten Island University Hospital, 475 Seaview Avenue, Staten Island, NY 10305, USA.
| | - Charalambos Solomides
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Jefferson Medical College, 132 S. 10th Street, 260E Main, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
| | - Henry Simpkins
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, NS-LIJ Health System, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine at Staten Island University Hospital, 475 Seaview Avenue, Staten Island, NY 10305, USA.
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