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Lan Y, Zhao E, Zhang X, Zhu X, Wan L, A S, Ping Y, Wang Y. Prognostic impact of a lymphocyte activation-associated gene signature in GBM based on transcriptome analysis. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12070. [PMID: 34527446 PMCID: PMC8401751 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly, malignant tumor of the primary central nervous system. Patients diagnosed with this type of tumor have a poor prognosis. Lymphocyte activation plays important roles in the development of cancers and its therapeutic treatments. Objective We sought to identify an efficient lymphocyte activation-associated gene signature that could predict the progression and prognosis of GBM. Methods We used univariate Cox proportional hazards regression and stepwise regression algorithm to develop a lymphocyte activation-associated gene signature in the training dataset (TCGA, n = 525). Then, the signature was validated in two datasets, including GSE16011 (n = 150) and GSE13041 (n = 191) using the Kaplan Meier method. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to adjust for clinicopathological factors. Results We identified a lymphocyte activation-associated gene signature (TCF3, IGFBP2, TYRO3 and NOD2) in the training dataset and classified the patients into high-risk and low-risk groups with significant differences in overall survival (median survival 15.33 months vs 12.57 months, HR = 1.55, 95% CI [1.28-1.87], log-rank test P < 0.001). This signature showed similar prognostic values in the other two datasets. Further, univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models analysis indicated that the signature was an independent prognostic factor for GBM patients. Moreover, we determined that there were differences in lymphocyte activity between the high- and low-risk groups of GBM patients among all datasets. Furthermore, the lymphocyte activation-associated gene signature could significantly predict the survival of patients with certain features, including IDH-wildtype patients and patients undergoing radiotherapy. In addition, the signature may also improve the prognostic power of age. Conclusions In summary, our results suggested that the lymphocyte activation-associated gene signature is a promising factor for the survival of patients, which is helpful for the prognosis of GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Lan
- Harbin Medical University, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Erjie Zhao
- Harbin Medical University, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- Harbin Medical University, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaojing Zhu
- Harbin Medical University, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Linyun Wan
- Harbin Medical University, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Suru A
- Harbin Medical University, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Yanyan Ping
- Harbin Medical University, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Yihan Wang
- Harbin Medical University, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin, China
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2
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Wang F, Zhang J, Qi J. Ten-eleven translocation-2 affects the fate of cells and has therapeutic potential in digestive tumors. Chronic Dis Transl Med 2020; 5:267-272. [PMID: 32055786 PMCID: PMC7004935 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdtm.2019.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ten-eleven translocation (TET) methylcytosine dioxygenases catalyze the oxidative reactions of 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5-fC), and 5-carboxylcytosine (5-caC), which are intermediate steps during DNA demethylation. It is reported that somatic mutations of TET2 gene are identified in a variety of human tumors, especially in hematological malignancies. The tendency and mechanism of cellular differentiation in different systems are affected by TET2 via regulation of associated gene expression or maintenance of demethylated state. TET2 acts as a critical driver of tumorigenesis through the conversion of 5-mC to 5-hmC and successive oxidation products. Sometimes, it requires special interactions and cofactors. Here, we reviewed recent advances in understanding the function of TET2 proteins in regulating cell differentiation, and its role in various tumors focusing on several digestive cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Jian Qi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
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3
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Song H, Yang Z, Jiang M, Zhang G, Gao Y, Shen Z, Wu ZS, Lou Y. Target-catalyzed hairpin structure-mediated padlock cyclization for ultrasensitive rolling circle amplification. Talanta 2019; 204:29-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.05.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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4
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Ott G, Klapper W, Feller AC, Hansmann ML, Möller P, Stein H, Rosenwald A, Fend F. [Revised version of the 4th edition of the WHO classification of malignant lymphomas : What is new?]. DER PATHOLOGE 2019; 40:157-168. [PMID: 30019203 DOI: 10.1007/s00292-018-0456-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
After 8 years, the WHO has now published the updated version of the 4th edition of the classification of hematopoietic and lymphoid tumors. This update provides a conceptual rewrite of existing entities as well as some new provisional entities and categories, particularly among the aggressive B‑cell lymphomas. Important new diagnostic categories include the high-grade B‑cell lymphomas, the large B‑cell lymphoma with IRF4 rearrangement, and the Burkitt-like lymphoma with 11q aberrations. Of particular importance, new concepts concerning the taxonomy and classification of early lymphoid lesions or precursor lesions are included, such as the in situ follicular neoplasia or the in situ mantle cell neoplasia. In addition, the concept of indolent lymphoproliferations, such as breast-implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma and the indolent T‑cell lymphoproliferative disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, has been strengthened. Finally, diagnostic criteria for existing lymphoma entities have been refined.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ott
- Abteilung für Klinische Pathologie, Robert-Bosch-Krankenhaus, und Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institut für Klinische Pharmakologie, Auerbachstraße 110/112, 70376, Stuttgart, Deutschland.
| | - W Klapper
- Institut für Pathologie, Sektion Hämatopathologie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Deutschland
| | - A C Feller
- Hämatopathologie Lübeck, Lübeck, Deutschland
| | - M L Hansmann
- Senckenberg Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Deutschland
| | - P Möller
- Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Ulm, Deutschland
| | - H Stein
- Pathodiagnostik Berlin, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - A Rosenwald
- Pathologisches Institut und Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Deutschland
| | - F Fend
- Institut für Pathologie und Neuropathologie, Eberhard-Karls-Universität, Tübingen, Deutschland
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5
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Wu Z, Huang M, Gong Y, Lin C, Guo W. BRAF and EGFR inhibitors synergize to increase cytotoxic effects and decrease stem cell capacities in BRAF(V600E)-mutant colorectal cancer cells. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2018. [PMID: 29534162 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmy018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the oncogene BRAF(V600E) are found in ~10% of colorectal cancers (CRCs) and are associated with poor prognosis. However, BRAF(V600E) has a limited response to the small-molecule drug, vemurafenib, a BRAF inhibitor, and BRAF inhibition is thought to cause a feedback activation of EGFR signaling that supports continued proliferation. In this study, we explored the effect of combined use of dabrafenib, a BRAF inhibitor, and cetuximab, an EGFR inhibitor, on BRAF(V600E)-mutant CRC stem cells and its possible mechanisms. Through cell viability analysis, flow cytometry, sphere forming, and western blot analysis, we found that the dabrafenib can synergize with cetuximab to reduce cell viability, induce enhanced apoptotic rates and cell cycle arrest in BRAF(V600E)-mutant HT-29 cells and inhibits stem cell capacities. Further, western blot analysis revealed that PTEN/Src/c-Myc pathway is possibly involved in the synergism between dabrafenib and cetuximab. Overall, our study shows that the combination of dabrafenib and cetuximab results in increased antitumor activity and decreased stem cell capacities in BRAF(V600E)-mutant CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Mingzhu Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yiwei Gong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chen Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Weijian Guo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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6
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Legras A, Tallet A, Didelot A, Cazes A, Danel C, Hin A, Borie R, Crestani B, Castier Y, Bagan P, Le Pimpec-Barthes F, Riquet M, Blons H, Mordant P. Clinical and molecular characteristics of unicentric mediastinal Castleman disease. J Thorac Dis 2018; 10:2079-2088. [PMID: 29850111 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2018.03.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Background Unicentric mediastinal Castleman disease (CD) is a rare condition, poorly characterized due to the small number of cases and the absence of genomic study. We analyzed clinical, radiological, histological and genomic patterns associated with mediastinal CD in a substantial case series.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed cases of unicentric mediastinal CD managed in 2 French thoracic surgery departments between 1988 and 2012. Clinical, radiological, surgical and pathological data were recorded. On available FFPE blocks we performed mutation screening by next-generation-sequencing, using AmpliSeq™ Cancer Hotspot v2 (Life Technologies) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) (AKT-mTOR pathway). Results Eleven patients were identified (mean age 41±15 years, sex-ratio 0.8, median follow-up 78 months). Surgical approach was thoracotomy (n=6), sternotomy (n=4), and VATS (n=1). Additional procedures included thymectomy in three cases, mediastinal lymphadenectomy in two cases, and bilobectomy in one case. One patient presented local relapse as a follicular dendritic cell sarcoma, leading to death 48 months after the first resection. Within 9 patients whose FFPE blocks were available, 2 mutations were found: VHL (p.F119L, 35%, n=1) and JAK3 (p.V718L, 53%, n=1). Phospho-AKT and phospho-mTOR stainings were negative in all cases, whereas phospho-S6RP staining was positive in eight cases, mainly in interfollicular cell cytoplasm. Conclusions From this series of patients with unicentric mediastinal CD, we observed 2 cases of potential driver mutations and 8 cases of phospho-S6RP activation not related to AKT-mTOR. Larger studies are required to decipher more precisely the molecular abnormalities and potential therapeutic targets underlying this uncommon condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Legras
- Division of Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplantation, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Paris-Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR-S1147, CNRS SNC 5014, Paris-Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Anne Tallet
- Division of Molecular Biology, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Paris-Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Audrey Didelot
- INSERM UMR-S1147, CNRS SNC 5014, Paris-Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Cazes
- Division of Pathology, Bichat Hospital, Paris-Diderot University, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR-S1152, Bichat Hospital, Paris-Diderot University, Paris, France
| | - Claire Danel
- Division of Pathology, Bichat Hospital, Paris-Diderot University, Paris, France
| | - Angela Hin
- INSERM UMR-S1152, Bichat Hospital, Paris-Diderot University, Paris, France
| | - Raphaël Borie
- Division of Pneumology, Bichat Hospital, Paris-Diderot University, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Crestani
- INSERM UMR-S1152, Bichat Hospital, Paris-Diderot University, Paris, France.,Division of Pneumology, Bichat Hospital, Paris-Diderot University, Paris, France
| | - Yves Castier
- INSERM UMR-S1152, Bichat Hospital, Paris-Diderot University, Paris, France.,Division of Thoracic and Vascular surgery, Bichat Hospital, Paris-Diderot University, Paris, France
| | - Patrick Bagan
- Division of Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplantation, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Paris-Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Paris, France.,Division of Thoracic and Vascular surgery, Victor Dupouy Hospital, Argenteuil, France
| | - Françoise Le Pimpec-Barthes
- Division of Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplantation, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Paris-Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Marc Riquet
- Division of Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplantation, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Paris-Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Blons
- INSERM UMR-S1147, CNRS SNC 5014, Paris-Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Paris, France.,Division of Molecular Biology, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Paris-Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Mordant
- INSERM UMR-S1152, Bichat Hospital, Paris-Diderot University, Paris, France.,Division of Thoracic and Vascular surgery, Bichat Hospital, Paris-Diderot University, Paris, France
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7
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Chiba S. Dysregulation of TET2 in hematologic malignancies. Int J Hematol 2016; 105:17-22. [PMID: 27848178 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-016-2122-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The TET dioxygenases, TET1, TET2, and TET3, catalyze transfer of an oxygen atom to the methyl group of 5-methylcytocine (5-mC), converting it to 5-hydroxymethylcytocine (5-hmC). Among the genes encoding these enzymes, ten-eleven translocation 2 (TET2) is frequently mutated somatically in both myeloid and lymphoid malignancies. Because these TET2 mutations result in the impairment of the dioxygenase activity of TET2, it is thought that these mutations interfere with 5-mC to 5-hmC conversion. There is ample evidence indicating that TET2 mutations are a driver of tumorigenesis in blood cells and that TET2 mutations are often acquired at the hematopoietic stem/early progenitor cell stage. In addition, TET2 is the second-most frequently mutated gene in clonal hematopoiesis in individuals with no apparent blood cancers, suggesting that while TET2 mutations alone are insufficient to cause hematologic malignancy, they represent an early event during tumorigenesis. A number of questions, including the precise target genome regions of TET2, and the importance of the balance of 5-mC and 5-hmC in the regulatory regions in transcriptional control, remain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeru Chiba
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
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8
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Abstract
Understanding the molecular pathogenesis of peripheral T cell lymphomas (PTCLs) has lagged behind that of B cell lymphomas due to disease rarity. However, novel approaches are gradually clarifying these mechanisms, and gene profiling has identified specific signaling pathways governing PTCL cell survival and growth. For example, genetic alterations have been discovered, including signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3 and STAT5b mutations in several PTCLs, disease-specific ras homolog family member A (RHOA) mutations in angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma (AITL), and recurrent translocations at the dual specificity phosphatase 22 (DUSP22) locus in anaplastic lymphoma receptor tyrosine kinase (ALK)-negative anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCLs). Intriguingly, some PTCL-relevant mutations are seen in apparently normal blood cells as well as tumor cells, while others are confined to tumor cells. These data have dramatically changed our understanding of PTCL origins: once considered to originate from mature T lymphocytes, some PTCLs are now believed to emerge from immature hematopoietic progenitor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamiko Sakata-Yanagimoto
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.
| | - Shigeru Chiba
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
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9
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Candidate driver genes involved in genome maintenance and DNA repair in Sézary syndrome. Blood 2016; 127:3387-97. [PMID: 27121473 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-02-699843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sézary syndrome (SS) is a leukemic variant of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) and represents an ideal model for study of T-cell transformation. We describe whole-exome and single-nucleotide polymorphism array-based copy number analyses of CD4(+) tumor cells from untreated patients at diagnosis and targeted resequencing of 101 SS cases. A total of 824 somatic nonsynonymous gene variants were identified including indels, stop-gain/loss, splice variants, and recurrent gene variants indicative of considerable molecular heterogeneity. Driver genes identified using MutSigCV include POT1, which has not been previously reported in CTCL; and TP53 and DNMT3A, which were also identified consistent with previous reports. Mutations in PLCG1 were detected in 11% of tumors including novel variants not previously described in SS. This study is also the first to show BRCA2 defects in a significant proportion (14%) of SS tumors. Aberrations in PRKCQ were found to occur in 20% of tumors highlighting selection for activation of T-cell receptor/NF-κB signaling. A complex but consistent pattern of copy number variants (CNVs) was detected and many CNVs involved genes identified as putative drivers. Frequent defects involving the POT1 and ATM genes responsible for telomere maintenance were detected and may contribute to genomic instability in SS. Genomic aberrations identified were enriched for genes implicated in cell survival and fate, specifically PDGFR, ERK, JAK STAT, MAPK, and TCR/NF-κB signaling; epigenetic regulation (DNMT3A, ASLX3, TET1-3); and homologous recombination (RAD51C, BRCA2, POLD1). This study now provides the basis for a detailed functional analysis of malignant transformation of mature T cells and improved patient stratification and treatment.
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10
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Turski ML, Vidwans SJ, Janku F, Garrido-Laguna I, Munoz J, Schwab R, Subbiah V, Rodon J, Kurzrock R. Genomically Driven Tumors and Actionability across Histologies: BRAF-Mutant Cancers as a Paradigm. Mol Cancer Ther 2016; 15:533-47. [PMID: 27009213 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-15-0643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The diagnosis, classification, and management of cancer are traditionally dictated by the site of tumor origin, for example, breast or lung, and by specific histologic subtypes of site-of-origin cancers (e.g., non-small cell versus small cell lung cancer). However, with the advent of sequencing technologies allowing for rapid, low cost, and accurate sequencing of clinical samples, new observations suggest an expanded or different approach to the diagnosis and treatment of cancer-one driven by the unique molecular features of the tumor. We discuss a genomically driven strategy for cancer treatment using BRAF as an example. Several key points are highlighted: (i) molecular aberrations can be shared across cancers; (ii) approximately 15% of all cancers harbor BRAF mutations; and (iii) BRAF inhibitors, while approved only for melanoma, have reported activity across numerous cancers and related disease types bearing BRAF aberrations. However, BRAF-mutated colorectal cancer has shown poor response rate to BRAF inhibitor monotherapy, striking a cautionary note. Yet, even in this case, emerging data suggest BRAF-mutated colorectal cancers can respond well to BRAF inhibitors, albeit when administered in combination with other agents that impact resistance pathways. Taken together, these data suggest that molecular aberrations may be the basis for a new nosology for cancer. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(4); 533-47. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Filip Janku
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics - a Phase I Clinical Trials Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Javier Munoz
- Banner MD Anderson Cancer Center, Gilbert, Arizona
| | - Richard Schwab
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Vivek Subbiah
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics - a Phase I Clinical Trials Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jordi Rodon
- Vall d'Hebron Institut d'Oncologia and Universitat Autonoma of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Razelle Kurzrock
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, California.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization (WHO) is planning an update of the WHO classification of malignant lymphomas. OBJECTIVE To present new findings concerning the diagnostics and subclassification of malignant lymphomas. MATERIAL AND METHODS A selective literature search ( http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov ) was carried out and combined with the practical experiences of the authors in clinicopathological diagnostics. RESULTS In recent years an increasing number of early lesions of malignant lymphomas have been described but the potential malignancy of these lesions is at least for some entities still uncertain. Newly defined entities have been described within the group of T-cell lymphomas and prognostic subgroups have been identified in the heterogeneous group of diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. Detection of mutations facilitates the differential diagnostics of morphologically similar diseases and can be an important component of the diagnostics. CONCLUSION Recent scientific insights are being included more and more into the diagnostics of lymphomas. The update of the WHO classification is a consequence of these developments.
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12
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Kutsch N, Marks R, Ratei R, Held TK, Schmidt-Hieber M. Role of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Indolent and Other Mature B-Cell Neoplasms. Biomark Insights 2015; 10:15-23. [PMID: 26327780 PMCID: PMC4539014 DOI: 10.4137/bmi.s22434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting tyrosine kinases represents a highly specific treatment approach for different malignancies. This also includes non-Hodgkin lymphoma since it is well known that these enzymes are frequently involved in the lymphomagenesis. Hereby, tyrosine kinases might either be dysregulated intrinsically or be activated within signal transduction pathways leading to tumor survival and growth. Among others, Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk) is of particular interest as a potential therapeutic target. Btk is stimulated by B-cell receptor signaling and activates different transcription factors such as nuclear factor κB. The Btk inhibitor ibrutinib has been approved for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia and mantle-cell lymphoma recently. Numerous clinical trials evaluating this agent in different combinations (eg, with rituximab or classical chemotherapeutic agents) as a treatment option for aggressive and indolent lymphoma are under way. Here, we summarize the role of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in the treatment of indolent and other non-Hodgkin lymphomas (eg, mantle-cell lymphoma).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Kutsch
- Department I of Internal Medicine and Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne Bonn, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Reinhard Marks
- Clinic for Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Hospital of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Richard Ratei
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, HELIOS Clinic Berlin-Buch, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas K Held
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, HELIOS Clinic Berlin-Buch, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Schmidt-Hieber
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, HELIOS Clinic Berlin-Buch, Berlin, Germany
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