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Hasan ZYM, Obed FAA, Jasim AA, Alwan AF. In vitro study of the effect of resveratrol purified from the skin of Iraqi black grape ( Vitis vinifera) on lymphocyte cultures isolated from the blood of patients with lymphoma. J Med Life 2022; 15:778-783. [PMID: 35928372 PMCID: PMC9321486 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2022-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The natural stilbene compound resveratrol (RSV) was extracted and purified locally from the black grape skin (Vitis vinifera) cultivated in Iraq. Cultures of human peripheral lymphocytes were obtained from the blood samples of patients with and without lymphoma to be treated with RSV at different concentrations. Three RSV concentration levels were subjected to isolated lymphocytes from blood samples of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), and without lymphoma to estimate the change in TNF-α and IL-10. Resveratrol seemed to differently affect cytokines level in normal and lymphoma lymphocytes in relation to its concentration. The lowest resveratrol concentration (50 µg/ml) decreased TNF-α levels for patients without lymphoma and all NHL patients in contrast to the HL sample. Treating normal lymphocytes with a higher dose (1000 µg/ml) might elevate the levels of TNF-α in almost all samples. There was an inverse relationship between both cytokines in most treatments; with the increase in TNF-α level, there was a decrease in IL-10 level except in HL and normal lymphocytes treatment. The locally purified resveratrol could serve as a multi-target drug that modulates the immune system to improve body defense in patients suffering from lymphoma and in patients without lymphoma by altering cytokine levels in response to different resveratrol concentrations in a different manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Yaseen Mohammed Hasan
- Department of Health Science, Biotechnology Research Center, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq,Corresponding Author: Zainab Yaseen Mohammed Hasan, Department of Health Science, Biotechnology Research Center, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq. E-mail:
| | | | - Ahmed Abdulmunem Jasim
- Department of Health Science, Biotechnology Research Center, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Alaa Fadhil Alwan
- National Center of Hematology, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
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Chan JY, Lim JQ, Ong CK. Towards Next Generation Biomarkers in Natural Killer/T-Cell Lymphoma. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:838. [PMID: 34440582 PMCID: PMC8398475 DOI: 10.3390/life11080838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (NKTCL) is an Epstein-Barr virus-associated non-Hodgkin lymphoma linked to an aggressive clinical course and poor prognosis. Despite an improvement in survival outcomes with the incorporation of novel agents including immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of NKTCL, a significant proportion of patients still relapse or remain refractory to treatment. Several clinical prognostic models have been developed for NKTCL patients treated in the modern era, though the optimal approach to risk stratification remains to be determined. Novel molecular biomarkers derived from multi-omic profiling have recently been developed, with the potential to improve diagnosis, prognostication and treatment of this disease. Notably, a number of potential biomarkers have emerged from a better understanding of the tumor immune microenvironment and inflammatory responses. This includes a recently described 3'UTR structural variant in the PD-L1 gene, which confers susceptibility to checkpoint immunotherapy. In this review, we summarize the biomarker landscape of NKTCL and highlight emerging biomarkers with the potential for clinical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Yongsheng Chan
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Blood Cancer Centre, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Jing Quan Lim
- Lymphoma Genomic Translational Research Laboratory, Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore;
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Choon Kiat Ong
- Lymphoma Genomic Translational Research Laboratory, Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore;
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore 138672, Singapore
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Li J, Li Y, Zeng R, Lin J, Zhong M, Liu X, He Y, He J, Ouyang Z, Huang L, Xiao L, Zhou H. Optimal Courses of Chemotherapy Combined with Radiotherapy for Low-Risk Extranodal Natural Killer/T-Cell Lymphoma, Nasal Type: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2020; 16:1151-1163. [PMID: 33299317 PMCID: PMC7721000 DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s254246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This retrospective study compared effectiveness between ≤4 cycles and ≥5 cycles of L-asparaginase/pegaspargase-based chemoradiation in newly diagnosed low-risk extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL), nasal type classified according to the Prognostic Index of Natural Killer (PINK) lymphoma model. Patients and Methods Patients were categorized into ≤4-cycle (2–4 chemotherapy cycles, n = 166) and ≥5-cycle groups (5–6 cycles, n = 86). Propensity score matching analysis was used to reduce potential confounding bias between the two groups. Treatment responses, adverse events, and survival outcomes between the two groups were analyzed. Results No matter before or after matching (65 in the ≤4-cycle group, 65 in the ≥5-cycle group), response rates and survival outcomes were similar between the ≤4-cycle and ≥5-cycle groups. Incidences of grade 1–2 anemia and transaminase elevation were higher in the ≥5-cycle group. After matching, for stage IE disease, there were no differences in response rates and survival outcomes between the two groups. For stage IIE disease, the complete response rate was higher in the ≥5-cycle group (72.4% vs 92.6%, p = 0.049), and the 3-year overall survival (65.5% vs 85.2%, p = 0.024) and 3-year progression-free survival (58.6% vs 81.5%, p = 0.027) rates were significantly extended in the ≥5-cycle group. Conclusion When chemoradiotherapy strategies with L-asparaginase/pegaspargase-based regimens are applied to modern low-risk ENKTL patients classified according to the PINK model, it may be better to moderately extend chemotherapy courses in patients with stage IIE disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Li
- Department of Comprehensive Chemotherapy/Daytime Chemotherapy, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajun Li
- Department of Lymphoma and Hematology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruolan Zeng
- Department of Lymphoma and Hematology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingguan Lin
- Department of Comprehensive Chemotherapy/Daytime Chemotherapy, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Meizuo Zhong
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianling Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yizi He
- Department of Lymphoma and Hematology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Junqiao He
- Department of Lymphoma and Hematology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhou Ouyang
- Department of Lymphoma and Hematology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Huang
- Department of Lymphoma and Hematology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Xiao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Department of Lymphoma and Hematology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
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Ito Y, Makita S, Maeshima AM, Hatta S, Yuda S, Suzuki T, Fukuhara S, Munakata W, Taniguchi H, Suzuki T, Maruyama D, Izutsu K. EBV-encoded RNA1-positive cells in the bone marrow specimens of patients with EBV-negative lymphomas and sarcomas. Pathol Int 2019; 69:392-397. [PMID: 31328350 DOI: 10.1111/pin.12825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is associated with pathogenesis of various cancers, including extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKL). ENKL tumor cells are positive for EBV-encoded RNA1 (EBER1), which is the most useful marker to identify ENKL tumor cells in histopathology. Currently, EBER1 in situ hybridization (ISH) is recommended to evaluate bone marrow (BM) involvement of ENKL. However, the actual burden of EBER1-positive cells in normal BM specimens remains unclear. In the present study, we performed EBER1 ISH on 111 BM specimens, which were obtained during an initial staging procedure in patients with EBV-negative cancers and were also negative for BM involvement. One or more EBER1-positive cells per whole specimen were observed in 38 specimens (34%). The number of EBER1-positive cells was distributed as follows: single positive cell, n = 17; two positive cells, n = 13; three positive cells, n = 3; and four positive cells, n = 5. These findings suggest that four or fewer EBER1-positive cells can be observed in BM specimens of patients with non-EBV-related cancers. The clinical implications of a small number of EBER1-positive cells in BM specimens of patients with ENKL should be evaluated in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Ito
- Departments of Hematology and National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Shinichi Makita
- Departments of Hematology and National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Akiko Miyagi Maeshima
- Pathology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Hatta
- Departments of Hematology and National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Sayako Yuda
- Departments of Hematology and National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Tomotaka Suzuki
- Departments of Hematology and National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Suguru Fukuhara
- Departments of Hematology and National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Wataru Munakata
- Departments of Hematology and National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Taniguchi
- Pathology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Suzuki
- Departments of Hematology and National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Dai Maruyama
- Departments of Hematology and National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Koji Izutsu
- Departments of Hematology and National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
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Zhu L, Zhang X, Fu X, Li Z, Sun Z, Wu J, Wang X, Wang F, Li X, Niu S, Ding M, Yang Z, Yang W, Yin M, Zhang L, Zhang M. c‐Myc mediated upregulation of long noncoding RNA SNHG12 regulates proliferation and drug sensitivity in natural killer/T‐cell lymphoma. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:12628-12637. [PMID: 30825244 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linan Zhu
- Department of Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou People’s Republic of China
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Department of Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaorui Fu
- Department of Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaoming Li
- Department of Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenchang Sun
- Department of Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Wu
- Department of Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinhua Wang
- Department of Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangke Li
- Department of Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou People’s Republic of China
| | - Songtao Niu
- Department of Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengjie Ding
- Department of Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenzhen Yang
- Department of Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou People’s Republic of China
| | - Wanqiu Yang
- Department of Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou People’s Republic of China
| | - Meifeng Yin
- Department of Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingzhi Zhang
- Department of Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou People’s Republic of China
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Miyata-Takata T, Chuang SS, Takata K, Toji T, Maeda Y, Sato Y, Yoshino T. Expression of T-cell receptor signalling pathway components in extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma. Histopathology 2018; 73:1030-1038. [PMID: 30102799 DOI: 10.1111/his.13728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Although the neoplastic cells of extranodal natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL) usually do not express T-cell antigens, the T-cell receptor (TCR) gene might be rearranged and TCR protein expressed. The aim is to elucidate the expression of the downstream TCR pathway components and their importance in ENKTL. METHODS AND RESULTS We used formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues from 91 ENKTL samples to immunohistochemically characterise the expression of TCR pathway components. The following proteins were variably expressed: ZAP70 (94%; 83/88), GRAP2/GADS (68%; 60/88), DOK2 (42%; 38/90), LCK (35%; 31/88), and ITK (10%; 9/90). When these tumours were classified as being of T lineage (16%), NK lineage (45%), or indeterminate lineage (38%), the GRAP2/GADS expression rate was higher in T lineage tumours (versus NK, P = 0.0073; versus indeterminate, P = 0.00082). GRAP2/GADS-positive NK lineage tumours more frequently expressed DOK2 (P = 0.0073), and were more often confined to the nasal areas (P = 0.014). Furthermore, when these tumours were immunophenotypically classified into a T signature (42%) or NK signature (58%), the expression rates of GRAP2/GADS and ITK were higher in T signature tumours (P = 0.00074 and P = 0.067, respectively), whereas that of LCK was higher in NK-signature tumours (P = 0.10). CONCLUSIONS Although some ENTKL cases were polyclonal for TCR rearrangement and others lacked TCR expression, we speculate that the TCR pathway might be functioning in ENKTLs. A T signature versus a NK signature might be better for delineating the physiology of ENKTL than cellular lineage. Furthermore, ITK may represent a potential therapeutic target for patients with ITK-expressing tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Miyata-Takata
- Department of Pathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | | | - Katsuyoshi Takata
- Department of Pathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.,Department of Lymphoid Cancer Research, British Columbia Cancer, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Tomohiro Toji
- Department of Pathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Maeda
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Sato
- Department of Pathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tadashi Yoshino
- Department of Pathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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Li J, Li Y, Zhong M, Liu X, Song Y, Li J, Li K, Yi P. Short-Course Versus Long-Course Chemoradiotherapy for Stage IE-IIE Extranodal Natural Killer/T cell Lymphoma, Nasal Type: A Multicenter Retrospective Study. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:2683-2692. [PMID: 29712887 PMCID: PMC5951025 DOI: 10.12659/msm.909506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study compared clinical outcomes and adverse events between L-asparaginase/pegaspargase-based short-course and long-course chemoradiotherapy in newly diagnosed stage IE–IIE extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKTL). Material/Methods Patients were categorized into a short-course (2–4 chemotherapy cycles, median: 4, n=153) and long-course group (5–6 cycles, median: 6, n=83). The chemotherapy regimens included GELOX, SMILE, and VLP. The radiotherapy dose was 40–63 Gy (median: 55 Gy). Adverse events, treatment responses, and survival outcomes between the 2 groups were compared. Results Ann Arbor stage IIE and short-course chemotherapy adversely affected overall survival (OS). Ann Arbor stage IE favorably affected progression-free survival (PFS). Grade 3–4 hematological toxicities were higher in the long-course group (25.3% vs. 14.4%, p=0.038). Ann Arbor stage was the single different clinical feature between the 2 groups, and independently affected survival outcomes. In subgroup analysis of stage IE, there was no difference in response rates and survival outcomes between the 2 groups. In subgroup analysis of stage IIE, the recurrence and death rates were significantly lower in the long-course group (6.1% vs. 23.2%, p=0.015; 12.2% vs. 39.3%, p=0.002; respectively), and the 3-year OS and PFS rates were much longer in the long-course group (87.8% vs. 62.5%, p<0.001; 83.7% vs. 57.1%, p=0.001; respectively). Conclusions When radiotherapy was combined with L-asparaginase/pegaspargase-based chemotherapy to treat early-stage ENKTL patients, 2–4 cycles of chemotherapy might be sufficient for stage IE patients, while stage IIE patients might require 5+ cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Li
- Department of Lymphoma and Hematology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (mainland)
| | - Yajun Li
- Department of Lymphoma and Hematology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China (mainland)
| | - Meizuo Zhong
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (mainland)
| | - Xianling Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (mainland)
| | - Yinghui Song
- Department of Oncology, Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China (mainland)
| | - Jiwei Li
- Department of Lymphoma and Hematology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (mainland)
| | - Kunlun Li
- Department of Lymphoma and Hematology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (mainland)
| | - Pingyong Yi
- Department of Lymphoma and Hematology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (mainland)
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Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), which is associated with B-cell proliferative disorders, also transforms T- or natural killer (NK)-lineage cells and has been connected with various T- or NK (T/NK)-cell malignancies, such as extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma-nasal type and aggressive NK-cell leukemia. Chronic active EBV (CAEBV) disease , which occurs most often in children and young adults in East Asia, is an EBV-associated T-/NK-cell lymphoproliferative disease. Patients with CAEBV often progress to overt lymphoma or leukemia over a long-term clinical course. EBV's transforming capacity in B cells is well characterized, but the molecular pathogenesis of clonal expansion caused by EBV in T/NK cells has not yet been clarified. In the primary infection, EBV infects B cells and epithelial cells and may also infect some T/NK cells. In some individuals, because of poor presentation by specific human leukocyte antigens or the genetic background, EBV-infected T/NK cells evade host immunity and survive. Occasionally, with the help of viral oncogenes, EBV-associated T/NK lymphoproliferative diseases, such as CAEBV, may develop. The subsequent accumulation of genetic mutations and/or epigenetic modifications in driver genes, such as DDX3X and TP53, may lead to overt lymphoma and leukemia. Activation-induced cytidine deaminase and the APOBEC3 family, driven by EBV infection, may induce chromosomal recombination and somatic mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kimura
- Department of Virology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.
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Identification of T-cell receptor expression in EBV-positive neoplastic cells in extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal-type, and comparison with T-cell receptor gene rearrangement by BIOMED-2 assay. Hum Pathol 2017; 73:51-58. [PMID: 29258904 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The cellular lineage of extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal-type (ENKTL), is determined by expression of T-cell receptor (TR) or TR gene rearrangement. In ENKTL, from TR immunohistochemistry, it may often be difficult to decide whether TR-positive cells are tumor cells or not, especially when TR is expressed in a subset of tumor cells. To analyze TR expression pattern and TR rearrangement in T-lineage ENKTL, we performed double immunofluorescence staining for Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small RNAs (EBER)/T-cell receptor (TCR) βF1 and CD56/TCR βF1 in 12 cases of ENKTL that showed TCR βF1 expression in immunohistochemistry. TR gene rearrangement was analyzed using a commercial BIOMED-2 multiplex polymerase chain reaction system. Immunohistochemistry showed that all 12 cases expressed TCR βF1 in a wide range of infiltrating cells from 100% to <1%. Two of them expressed both TCR βF1 and TCR cγM1. EBER/TCR-βF1-positivity was confirmed in 10 cases by double staining. One case failed to show EBER/TCR-βF1-positive cells but showed a CD56/TCR βF1-positive result. Among 12 cases, 5 had poor-quality DNA, 3 of them showed no polymerase chain reaction product, and 2 cases showed nonspecific peak of low height. Five of 7 cases with good DNA quality demonstrated monoclonal TR gene rearrangement. Based on TR expression and TR gene rearrangement, 10 of 12 cases of ENKTL were decided as a T-lineage tumor. In conclusion, because of common TR silence and poor DNA quality, consideration of both immunohistochemistry and TR gene rearrangement is necessary to determine the lineage of ENKTL.
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10
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Sui X, Zhang C, Zhou J, Cao S, Xu C, Tang F, Zhi X, Chen B, Wang S, Yin L. Resveratrol inhibits Extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma through activation of DNA damage response pathway. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2017; 36:133. [PMID: 28950914 PMCID: PMC5615630 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-017-0601-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma (NKTCL) is a highly aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma with poor prognosis. Resveratrol (RSV, 3,5,4′-trihydroxystilbene), a natural nontoxic phenolic compound found in the skin of grapes and some other spermatophytes, performs multiple bioactivities, such as antioxidant activity, anti-aging activity, reduction of cardiovascular disease risk and anticarcinogenic effect. Here we report the anti-tumor effect of RSV in NKTCL cell lines SNT-8, SNK-10 and SNT-16. Results RSV inhibited NKTCL cell proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner and arrested cell cycle at S phase. It induced NKTCL cells apoptosis through mitochondrial pathway, shown as down-regulation of MCl-1 and survivin, up-regulation of Bax and Bad, and activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3. In addition, we found that RSV suppressed the phosphorylation level of AKT and Stat3, and activated DNA damage response (DDR) pathway directly or through up-regulation of Zta of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Furthermore, using KU55933 as the inhibitor of pATM, we verified that DDR played an important role in RSV inducing NKTCL apoptosis. RSV also showed synergistic effect on activating DDR pathway in combination with etoposide or ionizing radiation, which resulted in cell proliferation inhibition and apoptosis. Conclusions Our results provide in vitro evidence that RSV produces anti-tumor effect by activating DDR pathway in an ATM/Chk2/p53 dependent manner. So we suggest that RSV may be worthy for further study as an anti-tumor drug for NKTCL treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-017-0601-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianxian Sui
- Department of Physiology & Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Canjing Zhang
- The Institution of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianan Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengxuan Cao
- Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Tang
- Department of Pathology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiuling Zhi
- Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Experimental Teaching Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 131 Dongan Rd, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Bobin Chen
- Department of Hematology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Songmei Wang
- Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Experimental Teaching Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 131 Dongan Rd, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Lianhua Yin
- Department of Physiology & Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Experimental Teaching Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 131 Dongan Rd, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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11
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Yamaguchi M, Miyazaki K. Current treatment approaches for NK/T-cell lymphoma. J Clin Exp Hematop 2017; 57:98-108. [PMID: 28679966 DOI: 10.3960/jslrt.17018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKL), is a form of lymphoma characterized by preferential extranodal involvement, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) association, and geographic diversity in incidence. ENKL tumor cells express P-glycoprotein, which is related to multidrug resistance (MDR). This MDR phenomenon is thought to be the major reason why ENKL is resistant to anthracycline-containing chemotherapies and has led researchers to explore novel therapeutic strategies. Since the early 2000s, next-generation therapies, including upfront radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or concurrent chemoradiotherapy using non-MDR-related drugs, have markedly changed the management of ENKL. However, a recent large retrospective study in Japan revealed several limitations of next-generation therapies, in particular that they resulted in almost no improvement of early disease progression. This review will summarize the current management of ENKL, primarily based on clinical trial results, and provide clues for better future management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoko Yamaguchi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Kana Miyazaki
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine
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Hu LM, Takata K, Miyata-Takata T, Asano N, Takahashi E, Furukawa K, Miyoshi H, Satou A, Kohno K, Kosugi H, Kinoshita T, Hirooka Y, Goto H, Nakamura S, Kato S. Clinicopathological analysis of 12 patients with Epstein-Barr virus-positive primary intestinal T/natural killer-cell lymphoma (EBV + ITNKL). Histopathology 2017; 70:1052-1063. [PMID: 28120384 DOI: 10.1111/his.13172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Epstein-Barr virus-positive (EBV+ ) intestinal T/natural killer (NK) cell lymphoma (ITNKL) is an uncommon tumour with an extremely aggressive clinical behaviour. However, the clinicopathological characteristics of this tumour, including T cell receptor (TCR) phenotype and the patient's background, remain unknown. The aim of this study was to elucidate the detailed clinicopathological profile of EBV+ ITNKL. METHODS AND RESULTS We enrolled 12 patients with EBV+ ITNKL without nasal involvement into the study. All patients were characterized by involvement of the small intestine with concurrent lesions of the large intestine in two patients. Seven patients (58%) had Lugano stages IIE/IV disease and eight (67%) were categorized as high-intermediate/high-risk according to the Prognostic Index for PTCL (PIT). Three patients (25%) with an age of onset of less than 50 years had chronic active EBV infection (CAEBV). Five CD56-positive patients (42%) had a poorer prognosis than those without CD56 expression (P = 0.008). NK cell-type lymphoma defined by the absence of any TCR expression or clonal TCR-γ rearrangement was found in six patients (50%). Interestingly, EBV+ intra-epithelial lymphocytosis was observed in one case with a background of CAEBV. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to shed light on the significant heterogeneity of EBV+ ITNKL and its relationship with CAEBV, especially in patients younger than 50 years of age. These observations will provide a guide for diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in routine practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei-Ming Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Katsuyoshi Takata
- Department of Pathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tomoko Miyata-Takata
- Department of Pathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Naoko Asano
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Nagano Prefectural Suzaka Hospital, Suzaka, Japan
| | - Emiko Takahashi
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Katsuya Furukawa
- Department of Hematology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Miyoshi
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Akira Satou
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Surgical Pathology, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Kei Kohno
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kosugi
- Department of Hematology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kinoshita
- Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Hirooka
- Department of Endoscopy, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hidemi Goto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shigeo Nakamura
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Seiichi Kato
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
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13
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Chan JK. Virus-associated neoplasms of the nasopharynx and sinonasal tract: diagnostic problems. Mod Pathol 2017; 30:S68-S83. [PMID: 28060369 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2016.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A significant fraction of nasopharyngeal and sinonasal tumors are associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) or human papillomavirus (HPV). Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma harbor EBV in practically all cases, although a small proportion of cases of the former harbor HPV. Sinonasal inverted papillomas harbor HPV in about 25% of cases. Sinonasal squamous cell carcinomas harbor transcriptionally active HPV in about 20% of cases, and limited data suggest that this subset has a better prognosis than the HPV-negative subset. This review addresses the diagnostic issues of the EBV-associated tumors. Difficulties in diagnosis of NPC may be encountered when there are prominent crush artifacts, many admixed lymphoid cells masking the neoplastic cells, or numerous interspersed granulomas, whereas benign cellular components (epithelial crypts and germinal centers) and reactive lymphoid hyperplasia can potentially be mistaken for NPC. Immunostaining for pan-cytokeratin and/or in situ hybridization for EBER can help in confirming or refuting a diagnosis of NPC. The main diagnostic problem of extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma is recognition of the neoplastic nature of those examples predominated by small cells or showing a mixture of cells. The identification of a destructive infiltrate (dense expansile infiltrate; angiocentric growth) and definite cytologic atypia (clear cells; many medium-sized cells) would favor a diagnosis of lymphoma, which can be supported by immunohistochemistry (most commonly CD3+, CD5-, CD56+) and in situ hybridization for EBER. In conclusion, among nasopharyngeal and sinonasal neoplasms, demonstration of EBV may aid in diagnosis, particularly NPC and extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma. Demonstration of HPV does not have a role yet in diagnosis, although this may change in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Kc Chan
- Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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14
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Hong M, Lee T, Young Kang S, Kim SJ, Kim W, Ko YH. Nasal-type NK/T-cell lymphomas are more frequently T rather than NK lineage based on T-cell receptor gene, RNA, and protein studies: lineage does not predict clinical behavior. Mod Pathol 2016; 29:430-43. [PMID: 27015135 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2016.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Extranodal natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL), nasal type, comprises NK or cytotoxic T cells. We evaluated the clinical impact of cell type and the usefulness of T-cell receptor (TCR) gene transcripts in distinguishing cell lineage. One hundred and eight cases of ENKTL were analyzed for TCR gene rearrangements using the BIOMED-2 protocol and for TCR gene expression using immunohistochemistry for TCR-βF1 and TCR-cγM1, and RNA in situ hybridization for TCR gene transcripts. Prognostic factors were analyzed. Among the 108 cases, 44 were monoclonal for a TCR rearrangement (40%) while 64 (60%) were undefinable. The monoclonal cases expressed TCR-βF1 in 14 out of 40 cases (35%) and TCR-cγM1 in 1 out of 44 cases (2%). The 64 undetermined cases expressed TCR-βF1 in 15 cases (23%) and TCR-cγM1 in 1 (2%). Thirteen of 40 TCR-β constant gene transcript-positive cases (33%) expressed TCR-βF1 and one of nine TCR-γ constant gene transcript-positive cases (11%) expressed TCR-cγM1. TCR gene transcripts were not useful in the distinction of cell lineages. TCR gene transcripts were positive in ENKTLs as well as in normal B cells and aggressive NK-cell leukemia. Based on gene rearrangements and immunohistochemistry for TCR, there were 60 T-cell type cases (56%), 32 NK-cell type cases (30%), and 16 cases with an undetermined cell type (14%). TCR protein was expressed in 30/60 T-ENKTLs (50%) in a variable fraction of tumor cells. There were no significant differences in clinical findings or overall patient survival between T- or NK-cell types of ENKTL, although those with a T-cell type tended to show a better prognosis for those with localized nasal lymphomas. Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that a non-nasal ENKTL, age >60 years, high level of lactate dehydrogenase, bone marrow involvement, and the absence of radiotherapy were independent prognostic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mineui Hong
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.,Hallym University, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Taehee Lee
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - So Young Kang
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suk-Jin Kim
- Section of Hematology-Oncology, Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wonseog Kim
- Section of Hematology-Oncology, Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Hyeh Ko
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
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15
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Peck T, Wick MR. Primary cutaneous natural killer/T-cell lymphoma of the nasal type: a report of 4 cases in North American patients. Ann Diagn Pathol 2015; 19:211-5. [PMID: 25952095 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2015.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The "nasal" type of primary cutaneous lymphoma with natural killer/T-cell differentiation is rarely encountered outside Asia. The authors herein document 4 cases in White, North American individuals between the ages of 39 and 73 years. Their skin lesions were located on the legs in 2 cases, and they were multifocal in the other 2 patients. Microscopically, each neoplasm manifested as a dense infiltrate of cytologically aberrant lymphocytes in the dermis and subcutis. The lesional cells were angiocentric, with associated infarctive-type necrosis of the surrounding tissue. All tumors were labeled for CD3 and CD56; 3 also expressed T-cell intracellular antigen 1. Chromogenic in situ hybridization was intensely reactive for Epstein-Barr virus-encoded ribonucleic acid in each case. All patients died of their tumors or were likely to do so. The pathologic differential diagnosis of "nasal-type" natural killer/T-cell lymphoma in the skin principally centers on γ-δ T-cell lymphoma and subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma. Integrated analysis of histologic, immunohistochemical, genotypic, and in situ hybridization data is necessary to separate these entities from one another.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis Peck
- University of Virginia School of Medicine (TP), and the Department of Pathology (MRW), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Mark R Wick
- University of Virginia School of Medicine (TP), and the Department of Pathology (MRW), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA.
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