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Nishimoto Y, Tsubono Y, Kogure M, Nakamura T, Itabashi F, Tsuchiya N, Nakaya N, Tanno K, Sugawara J, Kuriyama S, Kure S, Tsuji I, Hozawa A. The prevalence of current smokers and alcohol drinkers among cancer survivors and subjects with no history of cancer among participants in a community-based cardiometabolic screening program in Miyagi prefecture, Japan: a comparison with nationally representative surveys in other countries. Cancer Med 2021; 10:9000-9011. [PMID: 34850586 PMCID: PMC8683559 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We determined the prevalence of current cigarette smokers and alcohol drinkers among cancer survivors and subjects with no history of cancer in Japan and compared the findings with nationally representative studies in other countries. Methods We conducted a cross‐sectional study of baseline data from a prospective cohort study. A self‐administered questionnaire was surveyed during 2013–2015 with residents aged ≥20 years attending a community‐based cardiometabolic screening program in Miyagi prefecture in north‐eastern Japan. Subjects with past cancer histories were classified as cancer survivors. Sex‐specific, age‐standardized prevalence of current smokers, and drinkers were calculated. Age‐adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs: the cancer survivors’ rate divided by the rate of subjects with no history of cancer) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated with log‐binomial regressions. Results 36,786 subjects, including 2760 cancer survivors, responded and provided usable information (58.9% of recruited subjects). For men, the age‐standardized prevalence of current smokers and drinkers among survivors was 18.8% and 74.4%, respectively, with an age‐adjusted PR (95%CI) of 0.76 (0.66–0.86, p < 0.001) and 0.95 (0.91–0.98, p = 0.002), respectively. For women, the figures were 6.1%, 37.9%, 0.84 (0.67–1.06, p = 0.138) and 0.96 (0.90–1.03, p = 0.313), respectively. The U.S., the U.K, and Australian studies generally showed no substantially lower prevalence of current smokers or drinkers in survivors than in subjects with no history of cancer (PR ≥ 0.75), while Korean studies did (PR < 0.75). Conclusions A considerable proportion of Japanese cancer survivors, especially men, remained currently smoking and drinking. Consistent with Western studies, the rates were not substantially lower than those among subjects with no history of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Nishimoto
- Division of Personalized Prevention and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Tsubono
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mana Kogure
- Division of Personalized Prevention and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Nakamura
- Division of Personalized Prevention and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Fumi Itabashi
- Division of Personalized Prevention and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Naho Tsuchiya
- Division of Personalized Prevention and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Naoki Nakaya
- Division of Personalized Prevention and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kozo Tanno
- Iwate Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Disaster Reconstruction Center, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan.,School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Junichi Sugawara
- Division of Personalized Prevention and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shinichi Kuriyama
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Disaster Public Health, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shigeo Kure
- Division of Personalized Prevention and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ichiro Tsuji
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Informatics & Public Health, School of Public Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hozawa
- Division of Personalized Prevention and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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Saito E, Inoue M, Sawada N, Kokubo Y, Yamagishi K, Iso H, Shimazu T, Yamaji T, Iwasaki M, Tsugane S. Risk of stroke in cancer survivors using a propensity score-matched cohort analysis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5599. [PMID: 33692383 PMCID: PMC7946896 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83368-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the risk of cerebrovascular disease in cancer survivors. We aimed to assess the association between incident cancer and the subsequent risk of stroke using a large-scale, population-based prospective study. 74,530 Japanese aged between 40 and 69 years at baseline study were matched by the status of cancer diagnosis during follow-up using propensity score nearest-neighbor matching with allowance for replacement. A total of 2242 strokes were reported during 557,885 person-years of follow-up. Associations between incident cancer and the subsequent risk of all strokes, cerebral infarction, and intracerebral hemorrhage were assessed using a Cox proportional hazards model stratified on the propensity score-matched pairs. No significant association was observed between the status of cancer diagnosis of all types, gastric, colorectal and lung cancer, and subsequent occurrence of all strokes, cerebral infarction, and intracerebral hemorrhage. However, analysis by discrete time periods suggested an elevated risk in cancer patients for one to three months after a cancer diagnosis in all stroke (HR, 2.24; 95% CI, 1.06, 4.74) and cerebral infarction (HR, 2.62; 95% CI, 1.05, 6.53). This prospective cohort study found no association between the status of cancer diagnosis and the subsequent occurrence of all strokes and its subtypes during the entire follow-up period but suggested an increase in stroke risk during the active phase of malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiko Saito
- Division of Cancer Statistics Integration, Center for Cancer Control and Information Services, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Manami Inoue
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
| | - Norie Sawada
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kokubo
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe-Shinmachi, Suita, Osaka, 564-8565, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Yamagishi
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Health Services Research and Development Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Taichi Shimazu
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Taiki Yamaji
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Motoki Iwasaki
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
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Gu Q, Dummer TBJ, Spinelli JJ, Murphy RA. Diet Quality among Cancer Survivors and Participants without Cancer: A Population-Based, Cross-Sectional Study in the Atlantic Partnership for Tomorrow's Health Project. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11123027. [PMID: 31835839 PMCID: PMC6950144 DOI: 10.3390/nu11123027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer survivors are encouraged to have a healthy lifestyle to reduce health risks and improve survival. An understanding of health behaviors, such as diet, is also important for informing post-diagnosis support. We investigated the diet quality of cancer survivors relative to participants without cancer, overall and by cancer site and time from diagnosis. A cross-sectional study design within the Atlantic PATH study was used which included 19,973 participants aged 35 to 69 years from Atlantic Canada, of whom 1,930 were cancer survivors. A diet quality score was derived from a food frequency questionnaire. Comparisons of diet quality between cancer survivors and non-cancer controls, cancer site and years since diagnosis were examined in multivariable multi-level models. Cancer survivors had a mean diet quality of 39.1 out of 60 (SD: 8.82) and a higher diet quality than participants without cancer (mean difference: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.07, 0.84) after adjustment for confounders. Odds of high diet quality was greater in breast cancer survivors than participants without cancer (OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.90), and higher among survivors diagnosed ≤2 years versus >10 years (OR = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.05, 2.80). No other differences by cancer site and years since diagnosis were observed. The difference in diet quality, although statistically significant, is unlikely to be meaningful, suggesting that cancer survivors have similar diet quality as participants without cancer. There was considerable room for dietary improvement regardless of cancer status, highlighting the need for dietary interventions, especially among cancer survivors, who are at higher risk for secondary health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Gu
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; (Q.G.); (T.B.J.D.); (J.J.S.)
| | - Trevor B. J. Dummer
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; (Q.G.); (T.B.J.D.); (J.J.S.)
| | - John J. Spinelli
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; (Q.G.); (T.B.J.D.); (J.J.S.)
- Population Oncology, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1G1, Canada
| | - Rachel A. Murphy
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; (Q.G.); (T.B.J.D.); (J.J.S.)
- Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer Agency, 675 W 10th Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-604-822-1397
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The steep rise in thyroid cancer observed in recent decades has caused an increase in the population of long-term thyroid cancer survivors. Other than recurrences of cancer, the long-term health consequences of surviving thyroid cancer, particularly metabolic syndrome, have not yet been determined. The aim of this study was to estimate the risk of metabolic syndrome in thyroid cancer survivors. MATERIALS AND METHODS Population-based data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) were used for the analysis. The data of KNHANES IV-VI from 2007-2014 were obtained. After excluding subjects who were under 19 years old, whose fasting interval was less than 8 hours, and whose data for predefined variables including metabolic syndrome components were incomplete, 34,347 subjects were analyzed. The incidence of metabolic syndrome and its components were evaluated in three groups: subjects with no history of thyroid cancer, subjects diagnosed with thyroid cancer within 3 years of the survey date, and subjects diagnosed more than 3 years before the survey date. RESULTS Thyroid cancer diagnoses were made within 3 years of the survey date for 95 subjects (group 1, short-term survivors) and more than 3 years earlier than the survey date for 60 subjects (group 2, long-term survivors). Metabolic syndrome was frequently observed with clinical significance (odds ratio [OR] 1.986 [95% confidence interval [CI] 1.0-3.70], p = 0.030) in short-term survivors compared with subjects with no thyroid cancer history. Risks for having high blood pressure and high fasting glucose were estimated to be higher in the short-term survivor group (OR 2.115 [CI 1.23-3.64], p = 0.006 and OR 1.792 [CI 1.03-3.11], p = 0.038, respectively). No significant associations were noticed in the long-term survivor group when compared with the group with no thyroid cancer history. CONCLUSION Risks for metabolic syndrome, especially high blood pressure and high fasting glucose, were increased in short-term survivors of thyroid cancer but not in long-term survivors when compared with subjects with no history of thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Hee Kim
- 1 Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Young Huh
- 2 Clinical Research Coordinating Center, Institute of Biomedical Industry Annex to Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Jun Lim
- 1 Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Moo-Il Kang
- 1 Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Preventive services use among female survivors of adolescent and young adult cancer. J Cancer Surviv 2016; 11:167-174. [DOI: 10.1007/s11764-016-0575-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Nakamura S, Narimatsu H, (Ito) Sasahara Y, Sho R, Kawasaki R, Yamashita H, Kubota I, Ueno Y, Kato T, Yoshioka T, Fukao A, Kayama T. Health management in cancer survivors: Findings from a population-based prospective cohort study-the Yamagata Study (Takahata). Cancer Sci 2015; 106:1607-15. [PMID: 26471007 PMCID: PMC4714694 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of cancer survivors is increasing; however, optimal health management of cancer survivors remains unclear due to limited knowledge. To elucidate the risk of non-communicable diseases, and the effect of lifestyle habits on risk of non-communicable diseases, we compared cancer survivors and those who never had cancer (non-cancer controls) using a population-based prospective cohort study. The baseline survey of 2292 participants was carried out from 2004 to 2006, and the follow-up survey of 2124 participants was carried out in 2011. We compared the baseline characteristics and the risk of non-communicable diseases between cancer survivors and non-cancer controls. Analyzed participants included 124 cancer survivors (men/women, 57/67), and 2168 non-cancer controls (939/1229). Several lifestyle factors and nutritional intake significantly differed between survivors and non-cancer controls, although smoking status did not differ between the groups (P = 0.30). Univariate logistic regression analysis showed increased risk of death (odds ratio [OR], 3.64; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.19-6.05) and heart disease (OR, 2.60; 95% CI, 1.06-6.39) in cancer survivors. Increased risk of heart disease was also significant (OR, 2.95; 95% CI, 1.05-8.26; P = 0.04) in the multivariate analysis of the smoking-related cancer subgroup. Current smoking significantly increased risk of death (OR, 2.42; 95% CI, 1.13-5.18). Specific management should be implemented for cancer survivors. More intense management against smoking is necessary, as continued smoking in cancer survivors may increase the risk of second primary cancer. Moreover, cancer survivors are at a high risk of heart disease; thus, additional care should be taken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Nakamura
- Department of Clinical OncologyFaculty of MedicineYamagata UniversityYamagataJapan
| | - Hiroto Narimatsu
- Department of Public HealthYamagata University Graduate School of MedicineYamagataJapan
- Cancer Prevention and Control DivisionKanagawa Cancer Center Research InstituteYokohamaJapan
| | - Yuriko (Ito) Sasahara
- Department of Clinical OncologyFaculty of MedicineYamagata UniversityYamagataJapan
- Department of Medical OncologyYamagata Prefectural Central HospitalYamagataJapan
| | - Ri Sho
- Department of Public HealthYamagata University Graduate School of MedicineYamagataJapan
| | - Ryo Kawasaki
- Department of Public HealthYamagata University Graduate School of MedicineYamagataJapan
| | - Hidetoshi Yamashita
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual SciencesFaculty of MedicineYamagata UniversityYamagataJapan
| | - Isao Kubota
- Department of First Department of Internal MedicineFaculty of MedicineYamagata UniversityYamagataJapan
| | - Yoshiyuki Ueno
- Department of Second Department of Internal MedicineFaculty of MedicineYamagata UniversityYamagataJapan
| | - Takeo Kato
- Department of Third Department of Internal MedicineFaculty of MedicineYamagata UniversityYamagataJapan
| | - Takashi Yoshioka
- Department of Clinical OncologyFaculty of MedicineYamagata UniversityYamagataJapan
| | - Akira Fukao
- Department of Public HealthYamagata University Graduate School of MedicineYamagataJapan
| | - Takamasa Kayama
- Department of Advanced Cancer ScienceFaculty of MedicineYamagata UniversityYamagataJapan
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