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Karashima T, Umemoto S, Kishida T, Osaka K, Nakagawa M, Yoshida E, Yoshimura T, Sakaguchi M, Nishimoto H, Tai M, Inoue K, Seiki M, Koshikawa N, Shuin T. Clinical evaluation of urine laminin-γ2 monomer as a potent biomarker for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Cancer Med 2022; 12:2453-2462. [PMID: 35924681 PMCID: PMC9939167 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate whether urine laminin-γ2 monomer (Ln-γ2m) offers a useful biomarker for patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). METHODS Participants comprised 297 patients, including 111 patients with NMIBC, 136 patients with benign genitourinary disease (BD) and 50 healthy donors (HD). Urine Ln-γ2m was prospectively measured and accuracy was analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were determined and area under the ROC curve (AUC) was calculated for urine Ln-γ2m, and compared to those of traditional urine tumor markers such as nuclear matrix protein 22 (NMP22), bladder tumor antigen (BTA) and cytology. The net benefits of combining urine markers were analyzed by decision curve analysis. RESULTS Mean urine Ln-γ2m was significantly higher in NMIBC than in BD or HD. The AUC for urine Ln-γ2m was significantly higher than those for urine NMP22, BTA or cytology when comparing NMIBC with HD. In patients with low-grade NMIBC, the AUC for urine Ln-γ2m was higher than the AUCs for NMP22, BTA or cytology. A net benefit of combined examination using urine Ln-γ2m/uCRN with NMP22 was demonstrated. CONCLUSION These results suggest urine Ln-γ2m as a potentially useful biomarker for NMIBC, particularly in cases of low-grade cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Susumu Umemoto
- Department of UrologyKanagawa Cancer CenterYokohamaJapan
| | | | - Kimito Osaka
- Department of UrologyKanagawa Cancer CenterYokohamaJapan
| | | | | | | | - Masahiko Sakaguchi
- Integrated Center for Advanced Medical TechnologiesKochi Medical SchoolNankokuJapan,Division of Cancer Prevention and ControlKanagawa Cancer Center Research InstituteYokohamaJapan
| | - Hiroyuki Nishimoto
- Integrated Center for Advanced Medical TechnologiesKochi Medical SchoolNankokuJapan
| | - Mami Tai
- Integrated Center for Advanced Medical TechnologiesKochi Medical SchoolNankokuJapan
| | - Keiji Inoue
- Department of UrologyKochi Medical SchoolNankokuJapan
| | - Motoharu Seiki
- School of MedicineKanazawa UniversityKanazawaJapan,Institute of Medical ScienceUniversity of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Naohiko Koshikawa
- Institute of Medical ScienceUniversity of TokyoTokyoJapan,Division of Cancer Cell ResearchKanagawa Cancer Center Research InstituteYokohamaJapan
| | - Taro Shuin
- Department of UrologyKochi Medical SchoolNankokuJapan
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Daisuke H, Kato H, Fukumura K, Mayeda A, Miyagi Y, Seiki M, Koshikawa N. Novel LAMC2 fusion protein has tumor-promoting properties in ovarian carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:4957-4967. [PMID: 34689384 PMCID: PMC8645749 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Laminins are heterotrimeric ECM proteins composed of α, β, and γ chains. The γ2 chain (Lm-γ2) is a frequently expressed monomer and its expression is closely associated with cancer progression. Laminin-γ2 contains an epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domain in its domain III (DIII or LEb). Matrix metalloproteinases can cleave off the DIII region of Lm-γ2 that retains the ligand activity for EGF receptor (EGFR). Herein, we show that a novel short form of Lm-γ2 (Lm-γ2F) containing DIII is generated without requiring MMPs and chromosomal translocation between LAMC2 on chromosome 1 and NR6A1 gene locus on chromosome 9 in human ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells. Laminin-γ2F is expressed as a truncated form lacking domains I and II, which are essential for its association with Lm-α3 and -β3 chains of Lm-332. Secreted Lm-γ2F can act as an EGFR ligand activating the EGFR/AKT pathways more effectively than does the Lm-γ2 chain, which in turn promotes proliferation, survival, and motility of ovarian cancer cells. LAMC2-NR6A1 translocation was detected using in situ hybridization, and fusion transcripts were expressed in ovarian cancer cell tissues. Overexpression and suppression of fusion transcripts significantly increased and decreased the tumorigenic growth of cells in mouse models, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report regarding a fusion gene of ECM showing that translocation of LAMC2 plays a crucial role in the malignant growth and progression of ovarian cancer cells and that the consequent product is a promising therapeutic target against ovarian cancers.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cocarcinogenesis/genetics
- Cocarcinogenesis/metabolism
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Laminin/genetics
- Laminin/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 6, Group A, Member 1/genetics
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 6, Group A, Member 1/metabolism
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/metabolism
- Ovarian Neoplasms/genetics
- Ovarian Neoplasms/metabolism
- Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology
- Protein Subunits/genetics
- Protein Subunits/metabolism
- RNA Interference
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays/methods
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoshino Daisuke
- Division of Cancer Cell ResearchKanagawa Cancer Center Research InstituteYokohamaJapan
| | - Hisamori Kato
- Division of GynecologyKanagawa Cancer Center HospitalYokohamaJapan
| | - Kazuhiro Fukumura
- Division of Gene Expression MechanismInstitute for Comprehensive Medical ScienceFujita Health UniversityToyoakeJapan
| | - Akila Mayeda
- Division of Gene Expression MechanismInstitute for Comprehensive Medical ScienceFujita Health UniversityToyoakeJapan
| | - Yohei Miyagi
- Division of Molecular Pathology and GeneticsKanagawa Cancer Center Research InstituteYokohamaJapan
| | - Motoharu Seiki
- Division of Cancer Cell ResearchInstitute of Medical ScienceUniversity of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Naohiko Koshikawa
- Division of Cancer Cell ResearchKanagawa Cancer Center Research InstituteYokohamaJapan
- Division of Cancer Cell ResearchInstitute of Medical ScienceUniversity of TokyoTokyoJapan
- Department of Life Science and TechnologyTokyo Institute of TechnologyYokohamaJapan
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3
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Chen YJ, Chang JT, You GR, Huang CY, Fan KH, Cheng AJ. Panel biomarkers associated with cancer invasion and prognostic prediction for head-neck cancer. Biomark Med 2021; 15:861-877. [PMID: 34032473 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2021-0213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Cell invasion leading to metastasis is a major cause of treatment failure in head-neck cancers (HNCs). Identifying prognostic molecules associated with invasiveness is imperative for clinical applications. Materials & methods: A systemic approach was used to globally survey invasion-related genes, including transcriptomic profiling, pathway analysis, data mining and prognostic assessment using TCGA-HNSC dataset. Results: Six functional pathways and six hub molecules (LAMA3, LAMC2, THBS1, IGF1R, PDGFB and TGFβ1) were identified that significantly contributed to cell invasion, leading to poor survival in HNC patients. Combinations of multiple biomarkers substantially increased the probability of accurately predicting prognosis. Conclusion: Our six defined invasion-related molecules may be used as a panel signature in precision medicine for prognostic indicators or molecular therapeutic targets for HNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Ju Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Joseph T Chang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Taoyuan, 33333, Taiwan
- Department of Medical School, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan
| | - Guo-Rung You
- Department of Medical Biotechnology & Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yu Huang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Kang-Hsing Fan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Taoyuan, 33333, Taiwan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, New Taipei City, 236017, Taiwan
| | - Ann-Joy Cheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Taoyuan, 33333, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology & Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan
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The Usefulness of 4 Immunoperoxidase Stains Applied to Urinary Cytology Samples in the Pathologic Stage of Urothelial Carcinoma: A Study With Histologic Correlation. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2021; 29:422-432. [PMID: 33480604 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, the golden rule for the diagnosis of urothelial carcinoma is biopsy and cystoscopy, unfortionally both are costly, invasive, and uncomfortable. While most urothelial cancers are noninvasive at presentation, it is necessary to find a highly sensitive, noninvasive way to diagnose in its earlier stages, Cytology with immunostaining is a noninvasive, reliable method that might play a role in detecting the earlier stages before its progression and accurate correlation with different stages of these tumors. AIM This study aimed to reach an accurate level in the staging of urothelial carcinoma using CD44, ProExC, Laminin, and Fascin on urinary cytology. DESIGN We include a total of 180 urinary cytology specimens with their surgical biopsies' counterparts, the staging of the surgical specimens were done according to AJCC2017TNM classification, while their counterpart urinary samples were centrifuged and the sediment was used for H&E and immunocytochemical staining with CD44, ProExC, Laminin, and Fascin. RESULTS The diagnosis of Ta-stage tumors was done according to the following immunohistochemical (IHC) profile [positive (+ve) CD44, negative (-ve) proExC, -ve Laminin, and -ve Fascin] with 100% sensitivity, 100% specificity. The diagnosis of Tis stage tumors was done according to IHC profile [-ve CD44, +ve proExC, -ve Laminin, and -ve Fascin] with 100% sensitivity, 93% specificity. The diagnosis of T1 stage tumors according to IHC profile [-ve CD44, +ve proExC, +ve Laminin, and -ve Fascin] with 100% sensitivity, 97% specificity, The diagnosis of T2 and T3 stage tumors was done according to IHC profile [-ve CD44, +ve proExC, +ve Laminin and weak to moderate +ve Fascin] with 100% sensitivity, 92% specificity, while the diagnosis of T4 stage tumors according to the IHC profile [-ve CD44, +ve proExC, +ve Laminin, and intense +ve Fascin] with 100% sensitivity, 100% specificity. CONCLUSION Using (CD44, ProExC, Laminin, and Fascin) on urinary cytology is a simple, reliable, and noninvasive method for the staging of urothelial carcinoma with 99% total accuracy.
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5
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Qiu L, Wang J, Chen M, Chen F, Tu W. Exosomal microRNA‑146a derived from mesenchymal stem cells increases the sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells to docetaxel and taxane via a LAMC2‑mediated PI3K/Akt axis. Int J Mol Med 2020; 46:609-620. [PMID: 32626953 PMCID: PMC7307828 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The carrier role of exosomes from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) containing microRNAs (miRNAs) has been implicated in gene and drug therapy. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of exosomal microRNA-146a (miR-146a) from hUCMSCs in ovarian cancer (OC). Following the generation of docetaxel (DTX)-resistant SKOV3 cells and taxane-resistant A2780 cells, exosomes were isolated from hUCMSCs and added to the chemoresistant cells. Microarray analysis revealed that miR-146a expression was upregulated in DTX/SKOV3 cells among 15 ectopically expressed miRNAs. Analysis using the StarBase and miRSearch databases demonstrated that miR-146a targeted laminin γ2 (LAMC2), which was further verified using dual-luciferase reporter assays. Subsequently, miR-146a inhibitor or LAMC2 overexpression vectors were transfected into hUCMSCs or OC cells, respectively, and their effects on growth and chemoresistance in OC cells were assessed. The hUCMSC-derived exosomes reduced cell growth and chemoresistance in OC. Furthermore, hUCMSC-derived exosomes with miR-146a expression knocked down increased OC cell growth and chemoresistance, which was mediated by the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway via LAMC2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liya Qiu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taizhou Women and Children's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, P.R. China
| | - Jiakun Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taizhou Women and Children's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, P.R. China
| | - Mei Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taizhou Women and Children's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, P.R. China
| | - Fengyun Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taizhou Women and Children's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, P.R. China
| | - Wenluo Tu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taizhou Women and Children's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, P.R. China
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6
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Rousselle P, Scoazec JY. Laminin 332 in cancer: When the extracellular matrix turns signals from cell anchorage to cell movement. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 62:149-165. [PMID: 31639412 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Laminin 332 is crucial in the biology of epithelia. This large extracellular matrix protein consists of the heterotrimeric assembly of three subunits - α3, β3, and γ2 - and its multifunctionality relies on a number of extracellular proteolytic processing events. Laminin 332 is central to normal epithelium homeostasis by sustaining cell adhesion, polarity, proliferation, and differentiation. It also supports a major function in epithelial tissue formation, repair, and regeneration by buttressing cell migration and survival and basement membrane assembly. Interest in this protein increased after the discovery that its expression is perturbed in tumor cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts, and the tumor microenvironment. This review summarizes current knowledge regarding the established involvement of the laminin 332 γ2 chain in tumor invasiveness and discusses the role of its α3 and β3 subunits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Rousselle
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR 5305, CNRS - Université Lyon 1, Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, SFR BioSciences Gerland-Lyon Sud, 7 passage du Vercors, F-69367, France.
| | - Jean Yves Scoazec
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif cedex, France; Université Paris Sud, Faculté de Médecine de Bicêtre, 94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
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7
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Koga K, Anan T, Fukumoto T, Fujimoto M, Nabeshima K. Ln-γ 2 chain of laminin-332 is a useful marker in differentiating between benign and malignant sclerosing adnexal neoplasms. Histopathology 2020; 76:318-324. [PMID: 31429981 DOI: 10.1111/his.13974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Laminin (Ln)-γ 2, one of the chains of Ln-332, is a marker of invasive tumours and is frequently expressed as a monomer in malignant tumours. Desmoplastic trichoepithelioma (DTE), some types of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) (infiltrating and morphoeic BCC) and microcystic adnexal carcinoma (MAC) belong to a group of tumours known as sclerosing adnexal neoplasms (SAN) that are frequently difficult to differentiate and often require immunohistochemistry for diagnosis. The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of Ln-γ 2 expression in the differential diagnosis of DTE, infiltrating/morphoeic BCC, MAC and syringoma. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, we compared the expression of Ln-γ 2 in infiltrating/morphoeic BCC (n = 28), DTE (n = 26), MAC (n = 10) and syringoma (n = 20). Immunohistochemically, Ln-γ 2 positivity was noted in 96% (27 cases) of infiltrating/morphoeic BCC and 90% (nine cases) of MAC, while all DTE and syringoma cases were negative. Furthermore, Ln-γ 2 expression pattern in infiltrating/morphoeic BCC was different from that in MAC. Ln-γ 2 expression was found in the cytoplasm of tumour cells in infiltrating/morphoeic BCC tumour cells, while in MAC linear expression was noted both along tumour nests and in the cytoplasm. CONCLUSION Ln-γ 2 is a helpful adjunct in the differential diagnosis of SAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Koga
- Department of Pathology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine and Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takashi Anan
- Sapporo Dermatopathology Institute, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Masakazu Fujimoto
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Kazuki Nabeshima
- Department of Pathology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine and Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
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8
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You GR, Cheng AJ, Lee LY, Huang YC, Liu H, Chen YJ, Chang JT. Prognostic signature associated with radioresistance in head and neck cancer via transcriptomic and bioinformatic analyses. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:64. [PMID: 30642292 PMCID: PMC6332600 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-5243-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Radiotherapy is an indispensable treatment modality in head and neck cancer (HNC), while radioresistance is the major cause of treatment failure. The aim of this study is to identify a prognostic molecular signature associated with radio-resistance in HNC for further clinical applications. Methods Affymetrix cDNA microarrays were used to globally survey different transcriptomes between HNC cell lines and isogenic radioresistant sublines. The KEGG and Partek bioinformatic analytical methods were used to assess functional pathways associated with radioresistance. The SurvExpress web tool was applied to study the clinical association between gene expression profiles and patient survival using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) dataset (n = 283). The Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were further validated after retrieving clinical data from the TCGA-HNSCC dataset (n = 502) via the Genomic Data Commons (GDC)-Data-Portal of National Cancer Institute. A panel maker molecule was generated to assess the efficacy of prognostic prediction for radiotherapy in HNC patients. Results In total, the expression of 255 molecules was found to be significantly altered in the radioresistant cell sublines, with 155 molecules up-regulated 100 down-regulated. Four core functional pathways were identified to enrich the up-regulated genes and were significantly associated with a worse prognosis in HNC patients, as the modulation of cellular focal adhesion, the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, the HIF-1 signaling pathway, and the regulation of stem cell pluripotency. Total of 16 up-regulated genes in the 4 core pathways were defined, and 11 over-expressed molecules showed correlated with poor survival (TCGA-HNSCC dataset, n = 283). Among these, 4 molecules were independently validated as key molecules associated with poor survival in HNC patients receiving radiotherapy (TCGA-HNSCC dataset, n = 502), as IGF1R (p = 0.0454, HR = 1.43), LAMC2 (p = 0.0235, HR = 1.50), ITGB1 (p = 0.0336, HR = 1.46), and IL-6 (p = 0.0033, HR = 1.68). Furthermore, the combined use of these 4 markers product an excellent result to predict worse radiotherapeutic outcome in HNC (p < 0.0001, HR = 2.44). Conclusions Four core functional pathways and 4 key molecular markers significantly contributed to radioresistance in HNC. These molecular signatures may be used as a predictive biomarker panel, which can be further applied in personalized radiotherapy or as radio-sensitizing targets to treat refractory HNC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-5243-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Rung You
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ann-Joy Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yu Lee
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Huang
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan Liu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Ju Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Joseph T Chang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Department of Radiation Oncology, Xiamen Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
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9
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Wang SH, Liou GG, Liu SH, Chang JS, Hsiao JR, Yen YC, Chen YL, Wu WL, Chang JY, Chen YW. Laminin γ2-enriched extracellular vesicles of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells enhance in vitro lymphangiogenesis via integrin α3-dependent uptake by lymphatic endothelial cells. Int J Cancer 2019; 144:2795-2810. [PMID: 30485433 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) LN1-1 cells previously showed greater capacities for lymphangiogenesis and lymph node metastasis compared to their parental OEC-M1 cells, in addition to an ability to enhance the migration and tube formation of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs). Purified by a series of differential centrifugations and characterized using electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and western blot, LN1-1 cell-derived extracellular vesicles (LN1-1 EVs) were shown to promote LEC migration, tube formation and uptake by LECs more effectively than did OEC-M1 cell-derived EVs (OEC-M1 EVs). Using stable isotope labeling with amino acids in cell culture/liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based proteomic platform, the laminin-332 proteins, including laminin α3, β3 and γ2, were validated as highly expressed proteins in LN1-1 EVs. Clinically, a higher level of laminin-332 was detected in plasma EVs from OSCC patients with lymph node metastasis than in both healthy controls and OSCC patients without lymphatic metastasis, suggesting EV-borne laminin-332 as a novel and noninvasive biomarker for the detection of lymph node metastasis in OSCC. The knockdown of laminin γ2 and inhibition by anti-laminin-332 neutralizing antibodies impaired LN1-1 EV-mediated LEC migration, tube formation and uptake by LECs. Importantly, laminin γ2-deficient EVs showed a reduced ability to drain into lymph nodes in comparison with the control EVs. In addition, the laminin 332/γ2-mediated EV uptake was dependent on integrin α3 but not β1, β4 or α6. Collectively, the uptake of laminin γ2-enriched EVs by LECs enhanced in vitro lymphangiogenesis and EV-borne laminin-332 is thus a viable biomarker for OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ssu-Han Wang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Gunn-Guang Liou
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Heng Liu
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Jeffrey S Chang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jenn-Ren Hsiao
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Yen
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lin Chen
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ling Wu
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Jang-Yang Chang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Wen Chen
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program for Aging, Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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10
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Chen J, Zhang H, Luo J, Wu X, Li X, Zhao X, Zhou D, Yu S. Overexpression of α3, β3 and γ2 chains of laminin-332 is associated with poor prognosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:199-210. [PMID: 29928402 PMCID: PMC6006395 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is a worldwide health problem. Early diagnosis and assessment may enhance the quality of life and survival of patients. The present study investigated the potential correlations between the gene and protein expression of laminin-332 (LM-332 or laminin-5) and clinicopathological factors as well as evaluating its influence on the survival of patients with PDA. The expression of LM-332 subunit mRNAs in pancreatic carcinoma specimens from 37 patients was investigated by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis. Using immunohistochemical methods, the protein expressions of the three chains of LM-322 (LNα3, LNβ3 and LNγ2) were determined in 96 pancreatic carcinoma specimens, for association analysis with clinicopathological characteristics from patient data. The results of the prognosis analysis of three mRNAs expression datasets were validated in The Cancer Genome Atlas datasets. RT-qPCR results indicated that the overall relative values of LNα3 and LNγ2 mRNAs were increased in pancreatic carcinoma compared with the control. In immunostaining analyses LNα3 and LNγ2 expression was observed in all tumor tissues from the 96 patient samples. The expression levels of LNα3, LNβ3 and LNγ2 were associated with each other. LNα3 and LNγ2 positivity was significantly associated with differentiation, depth of invasion and advanced stage (P<0.05). The samples were classified into three groups: Basement membrane (B) type, cytoplasmic (C) type and mixed (M) type, according to their LNγ2 immunohistochemical expression patterns. The B type correlated significantly with differentiation (P=0.010) and the M type was significantly associated with hepatic metastasis (P=0.031). Patients with B-type LNγ2 demonstrated significantly better outcomes than patients with the C or M type (P=0.012 and P=0.003, respectively). Overexpression of the α3, β3 and γ2 chains of LM-332 may serve an important role in the progression and prognosis of PDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321000, P.R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321000, P.R. China
| | - Jiansheng Luo
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaokang Wu
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321000, P.R. China
| | - Xueming Li
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321000, P.R. China
| | - Xinyi Zhao
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Dongkai Zhou
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Shian Yu
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321000, P.R. China
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11
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Koshikawa N, Minegishi T, Kiyokawa H, Seiki M. Specific detection of soluble EphA2 fragments in blood as a new biomarker for pancreatic cancer. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e3134. [PMID: 29072678 PMCID: PMC5680914 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Because membrane type 1-matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MT1-MMP) and erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular receptor 2 (EphA2) expression are upregulated by the Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, they are frequently coexpressed in malignant tumors. MT1-MMP cleaves the N-terminal ligand-binding domain of EphA2 and inactivates its ligand-dependent tumor-suppressing activity. Therefore, specific detection of the cleaved N-terminal EphA2 fragment in blood might be an effective biomarker to diagnose malignant tumors. To evaluate this possibility, we developed three monoclonal antibodies against the soluble EphA2 fragment. One of them recognized this fragment specifically, with negligible cross-reactivity to the intact form. We used the cleaved form-specific antibody to develop a quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and confirmed the linear reactivity to the recombinant fragment. We applied this assay on commercially available serum specimens obtained from patients with several types of cancer including gastric, pancreatic, esophageal, gastroesophageal, and head-and-neck cancers, and healthy donors. Soluble EphA2 fragment levels in cancer-patient sera were higher than those in healthy donors (n=50). In particular, levels of eight out of nine (89%) pancreatic cancer patients and ten out of seventeen (59%) gastric cancer patients significantly exceeded cutoff values obtained from the healthy donors, whereas those of esophageal and head-and-neck cancer-patient sera were low. The preliminary receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for pancreatic cancer demonstrated that the sensitivity and specificity were 89.0% and 90.0%, respectively, whereas those of the conventional digestive tumor marker CA19-9 were 88.9% and 72.0%, respectively. These results indicated that specific detection of soluble EphA2 fragment levels in serum could be potentially useful as a biomarker to diagnose pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naohiko Koshikawa
- Division of Cancer Cell Research, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, Yokohama, Japan.,Division of Cancer Cell Research, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Minegishi
- Division of Cancer Cell Research, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, Yokohama, Japan.,Division of Cancer Cell Research, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kiyokawa
- Division of Cancer Cell Research, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, Yokohama, Japan.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Motoharu Seiki
- Division of Cancer Cell Research, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical, and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
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12
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Development of a fully automated chemiluminescence immunoassay for urine monomeric laminin-γ2 as a promising diagnostic tool of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Biomark Res 2017; 5:29. [PMID: 29046806 PMCID: PMC5640956 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-017-0109-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monomeric laminin-γ2 in urine is a potential biomarker for bladder cancer. However, the current detection system uses an antibody that cannot discriminate between monomeric laminin-γ2 and the heterotrimeric γ2 chain of laminin-332, which may cause false-positive reactions. The present study aimed to develop a fully automated chemiluminescence immunoassay system using a specific monoclonal antibody against monomeric laminin-γ2. METHODS In total, 237 urine specimens (84 from patients with bladder cancer, 48 from patients with benign urological disease, and 105 from healthy donors) were collected, and monomeric laminin-γ2 values in the urine were measured using a fully automated chemiluminescence immunoassay. RESULTS The results revealed that laminin-γ2 values in patients with benign urological disease were comparable to those of healthy donors and that the chemiluminescence immunoassay's lower limit of detection was 10 pg/mL (approximately 20-fold better than the sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay's limit of 200 pg/mL). Moreover, the chemiluminescence immunoassay demonstrated that patients with bladder cancer, including non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (≤pT1), had higher laminin-γ2 values than patients with benign urological disease or healthy donors. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that urine monomeric laminin-γ2 may be a promising biomarker to diagnose cases of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer using a fully automated chemiluminescence immunoassay system.
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13
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Kiyokawa H, Yasuda H, Oikawa R, Okuse C, Matsumoto N, Ikeda H, Watanabe T, Yamamoto H, Itoh F, Otsubo T, Yoshimura T, Yoshida E, Nakagawa M, Koshikawa N, Seiki M. Serum monomeric laminin-γ2 as a novel biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2017; 108:1432-1439. [PMID: 28418226 PMCID: PMC5497925 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the early stages is important for successful clinical management. Laminin (Ln)-γ2 expression has been reported in various types of malignant carcinomas. We recently developed a highly sensitive method to measure serum monomeric Ln-γ2 levels using a fully automated chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA). Using our CLIA, we evaluated its diagnostic value in sera from patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) and patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (DCP) were also examined in these subjects. Median levels of Ln-γ2 were significantly higher in patients with HCC (173.2 pg/mL; range: 39.5-986 pg/mL) compared with patients with CLD (76.7 pg/mL; range: 38.7-215.9 pg/mL) and with healthy volunteers (41.1 pg/mL; range: 10.9-79.0 pg/mL). The optimal cutoff value for Ln-γ2 that allowed us to distinguish between HCC and nonmalignant CLD was 116.6 pg/mL. Elevated Ln-γ2 levels were observed in 0% of healthy volunteers, 17% of patients with CLD, and 63% of patients with HCC. The positivity rate in patients with HCC for the combination of Ln-γ2 and DCP was 89.5%, which was better than that for either of the two markers alone (63% and 68%, respectively). Among patients with early-stage HCC (T1 or T2), the positivity rates for monomeric Ln-γ2, AFP and DCP were 61%, 39% and 57%, respectively. Serum Ln-γ2 may be a potential biomarker for HCC surveillance. The combination of Ln-γ2 and DCP may be more sensitive for laboratory diagnosis of HCC than the combination of AFP and DCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Kiyokawa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yasuda
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Ritsuko Oikawa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Chiaki Okuse
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Matsumoto
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ikeda
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Tsunamasa Watanabe
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yamamoto
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Fumio Itoh
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Takehito Otsubo
- Department of Surgery, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Toru Yoshimura
- Diagnostics Division, Abbott Japan Co. Ltd., Chiba, Japan
| | - Eisaku Yoshida
- Diagnostics Division, Abbott Japan Co. Ltd., Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Naohiko Koshikawa
- Division of Cancer Cell Research, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, Yokohama, Japan.,Division of Cancer Cell Research, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motoharu Seiki
- Division of Cancer Cell Research, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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14
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Kamada M, Koshikawa N, Minegishi T, Kawada C, Karashima T, Shuin T, Seiki M. Urinary laminin-γ2 is a novel biomarker of non-muscle invasive urothelial carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2015; 106:1730-7. [PMID: 26450632 PMCID: PMC4714663 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Revised: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lack of appropriate biomarkers has hampered early detection of urothelial cancer (UC), therefore, development of biomarkers for its diagnosis at earlier stages is of importance. Laminin‐332 (Ln‐332, formerly Ln‐5), a component of basement membranes, consists of Ln‐α3, Ln‐β3, and Ln‐γ2 polypeptides. However, monomeric Ln‐γ2 alone is frequently expressed in malignant neoplasms. If Ln‐γ2 is also expressed in UC and secreted into the urine, its detection could be useful for UC diagnosis. Here, we evaluated Ln‐γ2 levels from 60 patients with urinary diseases (including UC) by Western blotting, and detected it in approximately 53% of UC cases. Using immunohistochemistry, we confirmed Ln‐γ2 expression in UC tissues that were positive for Ln‐γ2, whereas Ln‐α3 expression was absent. We next developed a sandwich enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and applied it for screening 39 patients with non‐muscle invasive UC and 61 patients with benign urologic diseases. The Ln‐γ2 levels were higher in UC patients than in those with benign urologic diseases. Ln‐γ2 was detected even in patients with earlier stages of UC, such as Ta, T1, or carcinoma in situ. The sensitivity of Ln‐γ2 testing for UC was 97.4%, and the specificity was 45.9%, using a cut‐off of 0.5 μg/g∙crn. Ln‐γ2 had greater diagnostic value for detecting non‐muscle invasive UC compared to conventional urine cytology and available biomarkers for UC, and may be useful as a urine biomarker for the diagnosis and monitoring of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Naohiko Koshikawa
- Division of Cancer Cell Research, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, Yokohama, Japan.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Minegishi
- Division of Cancer Cell Research, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Chiaki Kawada
- Department of Urology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi, Japan
| | | | - Taro Shuin
- Department of Urology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi, Japan
| | - Motoharu Seiki
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Kanazawa University, School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan
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