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Fukumura K, Sperotto L, Seuß S, Kang HS, Yoshimoto R, Sattler M, Mayeda A. SAP30BP interacts with RBM17/SPF45 to promote splicing in a subset of human short introns. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113534. [PMID: 38065098 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Human pre-mRNA splicing requires the removal of introns with highly variable lengths, from tens to over a million nucleotides. Therefore, mechanisms of intron recognition and splicing are likely not universal. Recently, we reported that splicing in a subset of human short introns with truncated polypyrimidine tracts depends on RBM17 (SPF45), instead of the canonical splicing factor U2 auxiliary factor (U2AF) heterodimer. Here, we demonstrate that SAP30BP, a factor previously implicated in transcriptional control, is an essential splicing cofactor for RBM17. In vitro binding and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses demonstrate that a U2AF-homology motif (UHM) in RBM17 binds directly to a newly identified UHM-ligand motif in SAP30BP. We show that this RBM17-SAP30BP interaction is required to specifically recruit RBM17 to phosphorylated SF3B1 (SF3b155), a U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (U2 snRNP) component in active spliceosomes. We propose a mechanism for splicing in a subset of short introns, in which SAP30BP guides RBM17 in the assembly of active spliceosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Fukumura
- Division of Gene Expression Mechanism, Center for Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan.
| | - Luca Sperotto
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Bavarian NMR Center, TUM School of Natural Sciences, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Stefanie Seuß
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Bavarian NMR Center, TUM School of Natural Sciences, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Hyun-Seo Kang
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Bavarian NMR Center, TUM School of Natural Sciences, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Rei Yoshimoto
- Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Setsunan University, Hirakata, Osaka 673-0101, Japan
| | - Michael Sattler
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Bavarian NMR Center, TUM School of Natural Sciences, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Akila Mayeda
- Division of Gene Expression Mechanism, Center for Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan.
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Nagamine H, Yashiro M, Yoshimoto N, Izumi M, Sugimoto A, Nakahama K, Ogawa K, Matsumoto Y, Sawa K, Tani Y, Kaneda H, Mitsuoka S, Yamada K, Watanabe T, Aasai K, Fukumura K, Mayeda A, Kawaguchi T. RBM17 Expression Is Associated With the Efficacy of ICI Monotherapy in NSCLC With Low PD-L1 Expression. Anticancer Res 2023; 43:4663-4672. [PMID: 37772582 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.16662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are currently a standard treatment tool for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). RNA-binding motif protein 17 (RBM17), a splicing factor, is frequently over-expressed in NSCLC, but little is known about the role of RBM17 in the efficacy of ICIs for NSCLC. Thus, we investigated the correlation between RBM17 expression and ICI efficacy in NSCLC. PATIENTS AND METHODS Biopsy or surgical specimens were collected from patients with advanced or recurrent NSCLC who received ICI monotherapy or chemo-immunotherapy in a first-line setting. RBM17 expression was examined using immunohistochemistry. The correlation between the efficacy of ICI monotherapy or chemo-immunotherapy and RBM17 expression was evaluated. RESULTS Among the 218 cases, 115 (52.8%) cases were positive for RBM17 expression. RBM17 expression was not associated with the objective response rate (ORR) or progression-free survival (PFS) in either of the ICI monotherapy or chemo-immunotherapy groups. However, among those with a low PD-L1 expression level (PD-L1 <50%; n=86), RBM17 expression was significantly associated with a better ORR (p=0.045) and a better PFS (p<0.001) in the ICI monotherapy group, and was significantly associated with a poor ORR in the chemo-immunotherapy group (p=0.041). CONCLUSION RBM17 might be a useful predictive marker for a higher efficacy of ICI monotherapy in NSCLC patients with a low PD-L1 expression level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Nagamine
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masakazu Yashiro
- Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka Metropolitan University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan;
| | - Naoki Yoshimoto
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Ishikiriseiki Hospital, Higashiosaka, Japan
| | - Motohiro Izumi
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Bell land General Hospital, Sakai, Japan
| | - Akira Sugimoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kenji Nakahama
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koichi Ogawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Matsumoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kenji Sawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoko Tani
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Kaneda
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shigeki Mitsuoka
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Yamada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Watanabe
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Aasai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Fukumura
- Division of Gene Expression Mechanism, Center for Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Akila Mayeda
- Division of Gene Expression Mechanism, Center for Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Tomoya Kawaguchi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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3
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Daisuke H, Kato H, Fukumura K, Mayeda A, Miyagi Y, Seiki M, Koshikawa N. Novel LAMC2 fusion protein has tumor-promoting properties in ovarian carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:4957-4967. [PMID: 34689384 PMCID: PMC8645749 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Laminins are heterotrimeric ECM proteins composed of α, β, and γ chains. The γ2 chain (Lm-γ2) is a frequently expressed monomer and its expression is closely associated with cancer progression. Laminin-γ2 contains an epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domain in its domain III (DIII or LEb). Matrix metalloproteinases can cleave off the DIII region of Lm-γ2 that retains the ligand activity for EGF receptor (EGFR). Herein, we show that a novel short form of Lm-γ2 (Lm-γ2F) containing DIII is generated without requiring MMPs and chromosomal translocation between LAMC2 on chromosome 1 and NR6A1 gene locus on chromosome 9 in human ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells. Laminin-γ2F is expressed as a truncated form lacking domains I and II, which are essential for its association with Lm-α3 and -β3 chains of Lm-332. Secreted Lm-γ2F can act as an EGFR ligand activating the EGFR/AKT pathways more effectively than does the Lm-γ2 chain, which in turn promotes proliferation, survival, and motility of ovarian cancer cells. LAMC2-NR6A1 translocation was detected using in situ hybridization, and fusion transcripts were expressed in ovarian cancer cell tissues. Overexpression and suppression of fusion transcripts significantly increased and decreased the tumorigenic growth of cells in mouse models, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report regarding a fusion gene of ECM showing that translocation of LAMC2 plays a crucial role in the malignant growth and progression of ovarian cancer cells and that the consequent product is a promising therapeutic target against ovarian cancers.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cocarcinogenesis/genetics
- Cocarcinogenesis/metabolism
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Laminin/genetics
- Laminin/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 6, Group A, Member 1/genetics
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 6, Group A, Member 1/metabolism
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/metabolism
- Ovarian Neoplasms/genetics
- Ovarian Neoplasms/metabolism
- Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology
- Protein Subunits/genetics
- Protein Subunits/metabolism
- RNA Interference
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays/methods
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoshino Daisuke
- Division of Cancer Cell ResearchKanagawa Cancer Center Research InstituteYokohamaJapan
| | - Hisamori Kato
- Division of GynecologyKanagawa Cancer Center HospitalYokohamaJapan
| | - Kazuhiro Fukumura
- Division of Gene Expression MechanismInstitute for Comprehensive Medical ScienceFujita Health UniversityToyoakeJapan
| | - Akila Mayeda
- Division of Gene Expression MechanismInstitute for Comprehensive Medical ScienceFujita Health UniversityToyoakeJapan
| | - Yohei Miyagi
- Division of Molecular Pathology and GeneticsKanagawa Cancer Center Research InstituteYokohamaJapan
| | - Motoharu Seiki
- Division of Cancer Cell ResearchInstitute of Medical ScienceUniversity of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Naohiko Koshikawa
- Division of Cancer Cell ResearchKanagawa Cancer Center Research InstituteYokohamaJapan
- Division of Cancer Cell ResearchInstitute of Medical ScienceUniversity of TokyoTokyoJapan
- Department of Life Science and TechnologyTokyo Institute of TechnologyYokohamaJapan
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4
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Fukumura K, Venables JP, Mayeda A. SPF45/RBM17-dependent splicing and multidrug resistance to cancer chemotherapy. Mol Cell Oncol 2021; 8:1996318. [PMID: 35419480 PMCID: PMC8997263 DOI: 10.1080/23723556.2021.1996318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The early splicing complex A occupies at least eighty nucleotides of intron, in which U2AF covers the polypyrimidine tract. SPF45 (RBM17) functionally substitutes for U2AF on a subset of short introns. Since SPF45 expression confers resistance to various anticancer drugs, SPF45-dependent splicing may play a critical role in multidrug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Fukumura
- Division of Gene Expression Mechanism, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Julian P. Venables
- Science Sense, 2 Rue St Vincent, Salèlles du Bosc, 34700 Le Bosc, France
| | - Akila Mayeda
- Division of Gene Expression Mechanism, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
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5
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Fukumura K, Yoshimoto R, Sperotto L, Kang HS, Hirose T, Inoue K, Sattler M, Mayeda A. SPF45/RBM17-dependent, but not U2AF-dependent, splicing in a distinct subset of human short introns. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4910. [PMID: 34389706 PMCID: PMC8363638 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24879-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Human pre-mRNA introns vary in size from under fifty to over a million nucleotides. We searched for essential factors involved in the splicing of human short introns by screening siRNAs against 154 human nuclear proteins. The splicing activity was assayed with a model HNRNPH1 pre-mRNA containing short 56-nucleotide intron. We identify a known alternative splicing regulator SPF45 (RBM17) as a constitutive splicing factor that is required to splice out this 56-nt intron. Whole-transcriptome sequencing of SPF45-deficient cells reveals that SPF45 is essential in the efficient splicing of many short introns. To initiate the spliceosome assembly on a short intron with the truncated poly-pyrimidine tract, the U2AF-homology motif (UHM) of SPF45 competes out that of U2AF65 (U2AF2) for binding to the UHM-ligand motif (ULM) of the U2 snRNP protein SF3b155 (SF3B1). We propose that splicing in a distinct subset of human short introns depends on SPF45 but not U2AF heterodimer. The length distribution of human pre-mRNA introns is very extensive. The authors demonstrate that splicing in a subset of short introns is dependent on SPF45 (RBM17), which replaces authentic U2AF-heterodimer on the truncated poly-pyrimidine tracts and interacts with the U2 snRNP protein SF3b155.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Fukumura
- Division of Gene Expression Mechanism, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Rei Yoshimoto
- Division of Gene Expression Mechanism, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan.,Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Setsunan University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
| | - Luca Sperotto
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Bavarian NMR Center (BNMRZ), Chemistry Department, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Hyun-Seo Kang
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Bavarian NMR Center (BNMRZ), Chemistry Department, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Tetsuro Hirose
- Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Kunio Inoue
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Michael Sattler
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Bavarian NMR Center (BNMRZ), Chemistry Department, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Akila Mayeda
- Division of Gene Expression Mechanism, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan.
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6
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Muraoka S, Fukumura K, Hayashi M, Kataoka N, Mayeda A, Kaida D. Rbm38 Reduces the Transcription Elongation Defect of the SMEK2 Gene Caused by Splicing Deficiency. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228799. [PMID: 33233740 PMCID: PMC7699959 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Pre-mRNA splicing is an essential mechanism for ensuring integrity of the transcriptome in eukaryotes. Therefore, splicing deficiency might cause a decrease in functional proteins and the production of nonfunctional, aberrant proteins. To prevent the production of such aberrant proteins, eukaryotic cells have several mRNA quality control mechanisms. In addition to the known mechanisms, we previously found that transcription elongation is attenuated to prevent the accumulation of pre-mRNA under splicing-deficient conditions. However, the detailed molecular mechanism behind the defect in transcription elongation remains unknown. Here, we showed that the RNA binding protein Rbm38 reduced the transcription elongation defect of the SMEK2 gene caused by splicing deficiency. This reduction was shown to require the N- and C-terminal regions of Rbm38, along with an important role being played by the RNA-recognition motif of Rbm38. These findings advance our understanding of the molecular mechanism of the transcription elongation defect caused by splicing deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Muraoka
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan; (S.M.); (M.H.)
| | - Kazuhiro Fukumura
- Division of Gene Expression Mechanism, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan; (K.F.); (A.M.)
| | - Megumi Hayashi
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan; (S.M.); (M.H.)
| | - Naoyuki Kataoka
- Department of Animal Resource Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan;
| | - Akila Mayeda
- Division of Gene Expression Mechanism, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan; (K.F.); (A.M.)
| | - Daisuke Kaida
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan; (S.M.); (M.H.)
- Correspondence:
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7
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Fukumura K, Inoue K, Mayeda A. Splicing activator RNPS1 suppresses errors in pre-mRNA splicing: A key factor for mRNA quality control. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 496:921-926. [PMID: 29366779 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.01.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Human RNPS1 protein was first identified as a pre-mRNA splicing activator in vitro and RNPS1 regulates alternative splicing in cellulo. RNPS1 was also known as a peripheral factor of the exon junction complex (EJC). Here we show that cellular knockdown of RNPS1 induced a reduction of the wild-type aurora kinase B (AURKB) protein due to the induced aberrant pre-mRNA splicing events, indicating that the fidelity of AURKB pre-mRNA splicing was reduced. The major aberrant AURKB mRNA was derived from the upstream pseudo 5' and 3' splice sites in intron 5, which resulted in the production of the non-functional truncated AURKB protein. AURKB, is an essential mitotic factor, whose absence is known to cause multiple nuclei, and this multinucleation phenotype was recapitulated in RNPS1-knockdown cells. Importantly this RNPS1-knockdown phenotype was rescued by ectopic expression of AURKB, implying it is a major functional target of RNPS1. We found RNPS1 protein, not as a component of the EJC, binds directly to a specific element in the AURKB exon upstream of the authentic 5' splice site, and this binding is required for normal splicing. RNPS1-knockdown induces a parallel aberrant splicing pattern in a fully distinct pre-mRNA, MDM2, suggesting that RNPS1 is a global guardian of splicing fidelity. We conclude that RNPS1 is a key factor for the quality control of mRNAs that is essential for the phenotypes including cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Fukumura
- Division of Gene Expression Mechanism, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake 470-1192, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kunio Inoue
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Akila Mayeda
- Division of Gene Expression Mechanism, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake 470-1192, Aichi, Japan.
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8
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Abstract
Observations of X-ray absorption lines in magnetically driven disc winds around black hole binaries and active galactic nuclei yield a universal radial density profile ρ ∝ r - 1.2 in the wind. This is in disagreement with the standard Blandford & Payne profileρ BP ∝ r - 1.5 expected when the magnetic field is neither advected nor diffusing through the accretion disc. In order to account for this discrepancy, we establish a new paradigm for magnetically driven astrophysical winds according to which the large scale ordered magnetic field that threads the disc is continuously generated by the Cosmic Battery around the inner edge of the disc and continuously diffuses outward. We obtain self-similar solutions of such magnetically advected winds (MAW) and discuss their observational ramifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Contopoulos
- Research Centre for Astronomy and Applied Mathematics, Academy of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
- National Research Nuclear University, 31 Kashirskoe highway, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D Kazanas
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Centre, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
| | - K Fukumura
- Physics & Astronomy Department, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22840, USA
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Yamamoto K, Furukawa MT, Fukumura K, Kawamura A, Yamada T, Suzuki H, Hirose T, Sakamoto H, Inoue K. Control of the heat stress-induced alternative splicing of a subset of genes by hnRNP K. Genes Cells 2016; 21:1006-14. [DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Yamamoto
- Bio Process Research and Development Laboratories; Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co. Ltd; 100-1 Hagiwara-machi Takasaki Gunma 370-0013 Japan
- Department of Biology; Graduate School of Science; Kobe University; Kobe 657-8501 Japan
| | - Mari T. Furukawa
- Department of Biology; Graduate School of Science; Kobe University; Kobe 657-8501 Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Fukumura
- Department of Biology; Graduate School of Science; Kobe University; Kobe 657-8501 Japan
- Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science (ICMS); Fujita Health University; Toyoake Aichi 470-1192 Japan
| | - Arisa Kawamura
- Department of Biology; Graduate School of Science; Kobe University; Kobe 657-8501 Japan
| | - Tomoko Yamada
- Department of Biology; Graduate School of Science; Kobe University; Kobe 657-8501 Japan
| | - Hitoshi Suzuki
- Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology; Nomi Ishikawa 923-1292 Japan
| | - Tetsuro Hirose
- Institute for Genetic Medicine; Hokkaido University; Sapporo 060-0815 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sakamoto
- Department of Biology; Graduate School of Science; Kobe University; Kobe 657-8501 Japan
| | - Kunio Inoue
- Department of Biology; Graduate School of Science; Kobe University; Kobe 657-8501 Japan
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10
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Yasuda T, Fukumura K, Fukuda T, Uchida Y, Iida H, Meguro M, Sato Y, Yamasoba T, Nakajima T. Muscle size and arterial stiffness after blood flow-restricted low-intensity resistance training in older adults. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2013; 24:799-806. [DOI: 10.1111/sms.12087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Yasuda
- Department of Ischemic Circulatory Physiology; University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - K. Fukumura
- Department of Ischemic Circulatory Physiology; University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - T. Fukuda
- Department of Ischemic Circulatory Physiology; University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - Y. Uchida
- Department of Ischemic Circulatory Physiology; University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - H. Iida
- Department of Ischemic Circulatory Physiology; University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - M. Meguro
- Department of Ischemic Circulatory Physiology; University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - Y. Sato
- Department of Basic Sciences in Medicine; Kaatsu International University; Battaramulla Sri Lanka
| | - T. Yamasoba
- Department of Ischemic Circulatory Physiology; University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - T. Nakajima
- Department of Ischemic Circulatory Physiology; University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
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Fukuda T, Yasuda T, Fukumura K, Iida H, Morita T, Sato Y, Nakajima T. Low-intensity kaatsu resistance exercises using an elastic band enhance muscle activation in patients with cardiovascular diseases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.3806/ijktr.9.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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12
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Yasuda T, Fukumura K, Fukuda T, Iida H, Imuta H, Sato Y, Yamasoba T, Nakajima T. Effects of low-intensity, elastic band resistance exercise combined with blood flow restriction on muscle activation. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2012; 24:55-61. [PMID: 22734915 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2012.01489.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We examined the effects of blood flow-restricted, low-intensity resistance exercise (termed kaatsu) using an elastic band for resistance on muscle activation. Nine men performed triceps extension and biceps flexion exercises (four sets respectively) using an elastic band for resistance with blood flow restriction (BFR) or CON (unrestricted blood flow). During a BFR session, subjects wore pressure cuffs inflated to 170-260 mmHg on the proximal region of both arms. Surface electromyography (EMG) was recorded from the triceps brachii and biceps brachii muscles, and mean integrated EMG (iEMG) was analyzed. Blood lactate concentration was obtained before (Pre) and immediately after two exercises (Post). During triceps extension and biceps flexion exercises, muscle activation increased progressively (P < 0.05) under BFR (46% and 69%, respectively) but not under CON (12% and 23%, respectively). Blood lactate concentration at Post was higher (P < 0.05) under BFR than under CON (3.6 and 2.1 mmol/L, respectively). Blood lactate concentration at Post was significantly correlated with increased iEMG in both triceps extension (r = 0.65, P < 0.01) and biceps flexion exercises (r = 0.52, P < 0.05). We conclude that kaatsu training using elastic bands for resistance enhances muscle activation and may be an effective method to promote muscle hypertrophy in older adults or patients with a low level of activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yasuda
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Tatsugami F, Matsuki M, Nakai G, Inada Y, Kanazawa S, Takeda Y, Morita H, Takada H, Yoshikawa S, Fukumura K, Narumi Y. The effect of adaptive iterative dose reduction on image quality in 320-detector row CT coronary angiography. Br J Radiol 2012; 85:e378-82. [PMID: 22253355 DOI: 10.1259/bjr/10084599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of adaptive iterative dose reduction (AIDR) on image noise and image quality as compared with standard filtered back projection (FBP) in 320-detector row CT coronary angiography (CTCA). METHODS 50 patients (14 females, mean age 68 ± 9 years) who underwent CTCA (100 kV or 120 kV, 400-580 mA) within a single heartbeat were enrolled. Studies were reconstructed with FBP and subsequently AIDR. Image noise, vessel contrast and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) in the coronary arteries were evaluated. Overall image quality for coronary arteries was assessed using a five-point scale (1, non-diagnostic; 5, excellent). RESULTS All the examinations were performed in a single heartbeat. Image noise in the aorta was significantly lower in data sets reconstructed with AIDR than in those reconstructed with FBP (21.4 ± 3.1 HU vs 36.9 ± 4.5 HU; p<0.001). No significant differences were observed between FBP and AIDR for the mean vessel contrast (HU) in the proximal coronary arteries. Consequently, CNRs in the proximal coronary arteries were higher in the AIDR group than in the FBP group (p<0.001). The mean image quality score was improved by AIDR (3.75 ± 0.38 vs 4.24 ± 0.38; p<0.001). CONCLUSION The use of AIDR reduces image noise and improves image quality in 320-detector row CTCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Tatsugami
- Department of Radiology, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki City, Osaka, Japan.
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14
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Szelecsényi F, Kovács Z, Nagatsu K, Fukumura K, Suzuki K, Mukai K. Investigation of direct production of68Ga with low energy multiparticle accelerator. RADIOCHIM ACTA 2011. [DOI: 10.1524/ract.2012.1896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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15
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Chinen M, Morita M, Fukumura K, Tani T. Involvement of the spliceosomal U4 small nuclear RNA in heterochromatic gene silencing at fission yeast centromeres. J Biol Chem 2009; 285:5630-8. [PMID: 20018856 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.074393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
prp13-1 is one of the mutants isolated in a screen for defective pre-mRNA splicing at a nonpermissive temperature in fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. We cloned the prp13(+) gene and found that it encodes U4 small nuclear RNA (snRNA) involved in the assembly of the spliceosome. The prp13-1 mutant produced elongated cells, a phenotype similar to cell division cycle mutants, and displays a high incidence of lagging chromosomes on anaphase spindles. The mutant is hypersensitive to the microtubule-destabilizing drug thiabendazole, supporting that prp13-1 has a defect in chromosomal segregation. We found that the prp13-1 mutation resulted in expression of the ura4(+) gene inserted in the pericentromeric heterochromatin region and reduced recruitment of the heterochromatin protein Swi6p to that region, indicating defects in the formation of pericentromeric heterochromatin, which is essential for the segregation of chromosomes, in prp13-1. The formation of centromeric heterochromatin is induced by the RNA interference (RNAi) system in S. pombe. In prp13-1, the processing of centromeric noncoding RNAs to siRNAs, which direct the heterochromatin formation, was impaired and unprocessed noncoding RNAs were accumulated. These results suggest that U4 snRNA is required for the RNAi-directed heterochromatic gene silencing at the centromeres. In relation to the linkage between the spliceosomal U4 snRNA and the RNAi-directed formation of heterochromatin, we identified a mRNA-type intron in the centromeric noncoding RNAs. We propose a model in which the assembly of the spliceosome or a sub-spliceosome complex on the intron-containing centromeric noncoding RNAs facilitates the RNAi-directed formation of heterochromatin at centromeres, through interaction with the RNA-directed RNA polymerase complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madoka Chinen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
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16
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Fukumura K, Inoue K. [Molecular mechanism of exon definition and alternative splicing]. Tanpakushitsu Kakusan Koso 2009; 54:2032-2037. [PMID: 21089613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Fukumura
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, USA.
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17
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Abstract
In metazoan organisms, alternative splicing is a central mechanism for the regulation of gene expression. However, many questions remain about the underlying molecular mechanisms. Our recent work suggests that U1 snRNP-independent premRNA splicing occurs in humans, which contributes to the regulation of alternative splicing. So far it has been reported that several pre-mRNAs were spliced efficiently in a U1 snRNP-independent manner in vitro. Although the molecular mechanism and functional significance of U1-independent pre-mRNA splicing are not well understood, a model of how the 5' splice site is recognized U1-independently has been proposed. In this review, we first overview a model in which the 5' splice site is recognized by SR proteins and U6 snRNA. We then discuss our novel model and the functional significance of U1-independent pre-mRNA splicing in the regulation of alternative splicing, based on our recent work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Fukumura
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Nadaku, Kobe, Japan.
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18
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Fukumura K, Taniguchi I, Sakamoto H, Ohno M, Inoue K. U1-independent pre-mRNA splicing contributes to the regulation of alternative splicing. Nucleic Acids Res 2009; 37:1907-14. [PMID: 19190090 PMCID: PMC2665233 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkp050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
U1 snRNP plays a crucial role in the 5′ splice site recognition during splicing. Here we report the first example of naturally occurring U1-independent U2-type splicing in humans. The U1 components were not included in the pre-spliceosomal E complex formed on the human F1γ (hF1γ) intron 9 in vitro. Moreover, hF1γ intron 9 was efficiently spliced even in U1-disrupted Xenopus oocytes as well as in U1-inactivated HeLa nuclear extracts. Finally, hF1γ exon 9 skipping induced by an alternative splicing regulator Fox-1 was impaired when intron 9 was changed to the U1-dependent one. Our results suggest that U1-independent splicing contributes to the regulation of alternative splicing of a class of pre-mRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Fukumura
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Nadaku, Kobe, Japan
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19
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Fukumura K, Kato A, Jin Y, Ideue T, Hirose T, Kataoka N, Fujiwara T, Sakamoto H, Inoue K. Tissue-specific splicing regulator Fox-1 induces exon skipping by interfering E complex formation on the downstream intron of human F1gamma gene. Nucleic Acids Res 2007; 35:5303-11. [PMID: 17686786 PMCID: PMC2018636 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkm569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fox-1 is a regulator of tissue-specific splicing, via binding to the element (U)GCAUG in mRNA precursors, in muscles and neuronal cells. Fox-1 can regulate splicing positively or negatively, most likely depending on where it binds relative to the regulated exon. In cases where the (U)GCAUG element lies in an intron upstream of the alternative exon, Fox-1 protein functions as a splicing repressor to induce exon skipping. Here we report the mechanism of exon skipping regulated by Fox-1, using the hF1γ gene as a model system. We found that Fox-1 induces exon 9 skipping by repressing splicing of the downstream intron 9 via binding to the GCAUG repressor elements located in the upstream intron 8. In vitro splicing analyses showed that Fox-1 prevents formation of the pre-spliceosomal early (E) complex on intron 9. In addition, we located a region of the Fox-1 protein that is required for inducing exon skipping. Taken together, our data show a novel mechanism of how RNA-binding proteins regulate alternative splicing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Fukumura
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nadaku, Kobe 657-8501, Biological Information Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo 135-0064 and Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Ayako Kato
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nadaku, Kobe 657-8501, Biological Information Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo 135-0064 and Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yui Jin
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nadaku, Kobe 657-8501, Biological Information Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo 135-0064 and Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takashi Ideue
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nadaku, Kobe 657-8501, Biological Information Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo 135-0064 and Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Hirose
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nadaku, Kobe 657-8501, Biological Information Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo 135-0064 and Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Kataoka
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nadaku, Kobe 657-8501, Biological Information Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo 135-0064 and Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Toshinobu Fujiwara
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nadaku, Kobe 657-8501, Biological Information Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo 135-0064 and Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sakamoto
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nadaku, Kobe 657-8501, Biological Information Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo 135-0064 and Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kunio Inoue
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nadaku, Kobe 657-8501, Biological Information Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo 135-0064 and Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- *To whom correspondence should be addressed. +81 78 803 5725+81 78 803 5725
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20
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Matsunaga S, Yamamoto T, Fukumura K. Temporal and spatial expressions of transforming growth factor-betas and their receptors in epiphyseal growth plate. Int J Oncol 1999; 14:1063-7. [PMID: 10339658 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.14.6.1063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The activities of TGF-beta and its receptors in enchondral ossification have not yet been fully elucidated. The temporal and spatial expressions of TGF-beta and its receptors were examined immunohistochemically in epiphyseal growth plate of rats, in order to clarify the roles of TGF-beta and receptors in cartilage cells during enchondral ossification. TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta3 were expressed from 6 to 24 weeks in resting, proliferating, and maturing zone. TGF-beta2 was expressed at 6 week, but decreased during growth. The expression of TGF-betas in hypertrophic chondrocytes was weak. TbetaR-I was co-expressed with the ligand in resting, proliferating, and maturing zone throughout the development. The expressions of TbetaR-II was recognized at 6 weeks but decreased after that. This study suggests that TGF-betas play a major role in modulating endochondral ossification during growth in epiphyseal growth plate.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Matsunaga
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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21
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Fukumura K, Yamaoka K, Higashimori M, Nakagawa T. Analysis program based on finite element method, MULTI(FEM), for evaluation of dose-dependent local disposition of drug in liver. J Pharm Sci 1999; 88:538-43. [PMID: 10229646 DOI: 10.1021/js9803757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A curve-fitting program based on the Finite Element Method, MULTI(FEM), was developed to model nonlinear local disposition of a drug in the liver under non-steady-state conditions. The program was written in FORTRAN on an IBM-compatible personal computer. The validity of MULTI(FEM) was confirmed by analyzing the outflow kinetics of oxacillin (a model drug) following a pulse input to isolated, perfused rat livers, according to both linear and nonlinear dispersion models. Four dose levels (300, 1000, 3000, and 5000 microg) of oxacillin were administered to observe the dose-dependency in the hepatic local disposition. First, the individual outflow time-profiles at the same dose were averaged, and the average time-profile was analyzed by MULTI(FEM) based on linear dispersion models to yield a single curve fit. The fitted parameters at each dose level were compared with parameters estimated using MULTI(FILT), a program based on fast inverse Laplace transform, to analyze linear pharmacokinetics. The estimated parameters by MULTI(FEM) were in good agreement with those by MULTI(FILT). The apparent elimination rate constant (ke) decreased with an increase in dose, whereas other parameters showed no discernible dependency on an increase of dose. Second, the average outflow time-profiles at the four dose levels were simultaneously analyzed by MULTI(FEM) based on dispersion models featuring Michaelis-Menten elimination. The outflow time-profiles of oxacillin were well approximated by a two-compartment dispersion model with central Michaelis-Menten elimination. The maximum elimination rate constant (Vmax) and the Michaelis constant (Km) were estimated to be 1520 microg/mL/min and 41.3 microg/mL, respectively. Thus, the capability of MULTI(FEM) was demonstrated in evaluating capacity-limited local disposition in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Fukumura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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22
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Kobayashi T, Nakanishi A, Fukumura K. Formation of iron fine particles in a crystal lattice by the computer simulation. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 1999. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02349503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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23
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Sakaeda T, Fukumura K, Takahashi K, Matsumura S, Matsuura E, Hirano K. Blood flow rate in normal and tumor-bearing rats in conscious state, under urethane anesthesia, and during systemic hypothermia. J Drug Target 1999; 6:261-72. [PMID: 9894694 DOI: 10.3109/10611869808996834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The blood flow rates of 14 tissues in the body were determined by microsphere method using normal and tumor-bearing rats kept conscious or under urethane anesthesia. The effects on the blood flow rate in the tissues were assessed for multimodal therapy, systemic hypothermia for ischemic brain injury, and local hyperthermia and angiotensin II-induced hypertensive chemotherapy for cancer. Urethane anesthesia showed no effect on cardiac output, while there was a tendency of decrease of blood flow rate and % of cardiac output in each tissue other than muscle tissue, in which they increased as a counterbalance, in normal and tumor-bearing rats. Systemic hypothermia gave results similar to those of urethane anesthesia in normal rats, but for tumor-bearing rats, it decreased cardiac output, and consequently the blood flow rate in most tissues. Brain blood flow rate was about half of that in the conscious rats. Local hyperthermia also decreased the cardiac output and blood flow rate in each tissue, including the tumor tissue. Angiotensin II-induced hypertension showed no effect on cardiac output, had various effects on blood flow rate in each tissue, and led to no increase in the tumor blood flow rate. Simulations based on the physiological pharmacokinetic modeling suggested that intramuscular injection of a lung-specific derivative of ceftazidime would provide the ideal biodistribution to ensure its optimal therapeutic efficacy during systemic hypothermia. This methodology, namely the pharmacokinetic simulation based on the physiological values of the body, will provide a useful piece of information on drug delivery systems under various conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Sakaeda
- Shionogi Research Laboratories, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
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24
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Fukumura K, Yamaoka K, Higashimori M, Nakagawa T. Pharmacokinetic analysis program based on tank-in-series model, MULTI(TIS), for evaluation of capacity-limited local disposition. Biol Pharm Bull 1998; 21:1338-43. [PMID: 9881650 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.21.1338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A pharmacokinetic analysis program based on a tank-in-series model, MULTI(TIS), was developed for the evaluation of dose-dependency in the local disposition of a drug. The program written in FORTRAN was constructed by expanding MULTI(RUNGE). The reliability of MULTI(TIS) was verified by analyzing the experimental data based on linear and nonlinear tank-in-series models. Linear one- and two-compartment tank-in-series models were adopted to analyze outflow time profiles in single-pass hepatic perfusion following a pulse input of 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (DFUR). The estimated parameters agreed well with those by MULTI(FILT) which is widely used for linear kinetic analysis. The nonlinear models adopted were one-compartment model with Michaelis-Menten elimination and two-compartment models with Michaelis-Menten elimination from central and peripheral compartments. Oxacillin was used as a model drug, because time courses of oxacillin show a capacity-limited hepatic disposition following a pulse input in high doses to the liver (300, 1000, 3000 and 5000 microg). The hepatic recovery ratio (F(H)) of oxacillin increased with dose, whereas the mean transit time (tH) was almost constant. The maximum elimination rate constant (Vmax) and Michaelis constant (Km) of oxacillin were estimated to be 1980 microg/ml/min and 54.1 microg/ml, respectively. Thus, the reliability of MULTI(TIS) was demonstrated for the analysis of nonlinear local disposition, especially, capacity-limited elimination in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Fukumura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Kyoto University, Japan
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25
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Fukumura K, Matsunaga S, Yamamoto T, Nagamine T, Ishidou Y, Sakou T. Immunolocalization of transforming growth factor-beta s and type I and type II receptors in rat articular cartilage. Anticancer Res 1998; 18:4189-93. [PMID: 9891466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The activities of TGF-beta s and their receptors (T beta R) in the articular cartilage have not been fully elucidated as yet. Temporal and spatial expression of TGF-beta s and their receptors were examined immunohistochemically in the articular cartilage of growing rats to clarify their role in chondrogenesis. TGF-beta 1, -beta 2 and -beta 3 were strongly expressed from 6 to 50 weeks in the superficial, transitional, and least mature zones. The expression of TGF-beta s in hypertrophic chondrocyte was weak except TGF-beta 1. T beta R-I and T beta R-II were co-expressed with the ligand in the superficial, transitional, and least mature zones throughout the growth phase. This study revealed that TGF-beta s in the articular cartilage plays a major role in the modulation of endochondral ossification ensuring the growth and maintenance of the chondrocyte lineage in articular cartilage.
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MESH Headings
- Activin Receptors, Type I
- Aging/metabolism
- Animals
- Cartilage, Articular/cytology
- Cartilage, Articular/growth & development
- Cartilage, Articular/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
- Immunohistochemistry/methods
- Male
- Osteoblasts/cytology
- Osteoblasts/metabolism
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/analysis
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type I
- Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type II
- Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta/analysis
- Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta/genetics
- Transforming Growth Factor beta/analysis
- Transforming Growth Factor beta/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- K Fukumura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Japan
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26
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Abstract
The effect of unpredictable water deprivation on hibernation was investigated in the Syrian hamster under natural photoperiod and temperature. Based on our previous findings, we hypothesized that 1) deprivation of water caused testicular regression, 2) the magnitude of regression depended on unpredictability of water deprivation, 3) unpredictable deprivation of water on 50% of the days of the experimental period causes more testicular regression for animals than regular deprivation every other day, even if the total lengths were the same for the two treatments, and thus, 4) unpredictable deprivation of water induces hibernation more readily than regular deprivation or no deprivation. The results showed that the animals with the random and unpredictable deprivation a) started hibernation earlier, b) had a higher chance of being in torpor at the end of hibernation season, c) spent more time in torpor during hibernation than those animals which were deprived of water on a regular basis or the control, non-deprived animals. These findings supported our working hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ibuka
- Department of Psychology, Shiga University, Shiga-ken, Japan.
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27
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Mineo H, Ohdate T, Fukumura K, Katayama T, Onaga T, Kato S, Yanaihara N. Effects of benzoic acid and its analogues on insulin and glucagon secretion in sheep. Eur J Pharmacol 1995; 280:149-54. [PMID: 7589179 DOI: 10.1016/0014-2999(95)00192-n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The effects of benzoic acid and its analogues on insulin and glucagon secretion were investigated in conscious sheep. Intravenous injections of benzoic acid increased plasma insulin and glucagon concentrations in a dose-dependent manner between 39-1250 mumol/kg, with ED50s for increasing both hormones of about 625 mumol/kg. Various derivatives of benzoic acid (625 mumol/kg) were administered and structure-activity relationships were examined. A single carboxylic group was essential for stimulating insulin and glucagon secretion, since both hormone responses were abolished with compounds in which the carboxylic group was replaced by sulfonic or phosphoric groups, or in which another carboxylic element was introduced (phthalic acids). Most of the compounds which introduced other elements (amino and hydroxy groups, and halogens) onto the benzene ring had an altered stimulating activity. Thus the pancreatic endocrine system can recognize the chemical structure of benzoic acid and its derivatives in detail and induce insulin and glucagon secretion in sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Mineo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Hokkaido, Japan
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28
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Kobayashi T, Makita T, Fukumura K. Gamma-x ray coincidence Mössbauer spectroscopic study of the aftereffects in sulfate hydrates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02405471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Arimitsu Y, Fukumura K, Shingaki Y. Distribution of leptospirosis among stray dogs in the Okinawa Islands, Japan: comparison of the microcapsule and microscopic agglutination tests. Br Vet J 1989; 145:473-7. [PMID: 2790440 DOI: 10.1016/0007-1935(89)90057-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Three hundred and thirty-eight sera collected from stray dogs in the Okinawa islands were examined for antibodies against Leptospira interrogans using the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) and the one-point microcapsule agglutination test (MCAT). Seventy-eight sera (23%) showed a positive reaction to at least one of the six serovar antigens, and 69 of these reacted with serovar canicola by microcapsule agglutination test. The mixed microcapsule agglutination test detected 68 of the microscopic agglutination test-positive sera, and the 10 remaining were negative by microcapsule agglutination test. On the other hand, a single microcapsule agglutination test which was sensitized with serovar canicola detected 77 of the microscopic agglutination test-positive sera and the remaining one was microcapsule agglutination test-negative.
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Miyamura K, Yamashita K, Takeda N, Ogino T, Utagawa E, Yamazaki S, Fukumura K, Uehara T, Shinjo N. The first epidemic of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis due to a coxsackievirus A24 variant in Okinawa, Japan, in 1985-1986. Jpn J Med Sci Biol 1988; 41:159-74. [PMID: 2855085 DOI: 10.7883/yoken1952.41.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Epidemics of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis due to a coxsackievirus A24 variant occurred in July-November, 1985 and August-October, 1986 in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. This is the first report of an acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis epidemic due to a coxsackievirus A24 variant in Japan The epidemic involved most islands of the prefecture. The prefectural surveillance center was notified of 9,952 cases in 1985 and 6,096 cases in 1986 from three sentinel eye clinics. The neutralizing antibody-positive rate against the coxsackievirus A24 variant of the serum samples collected before and immediately after the 1985 epidemic rose from 1.0% to 8.5%. The coxsackievirus A24 variant was isolated from 48 out of 68 conjunctival swabs collected during the epidemics. The isolates were indistinguishable antigenically in the plaque reduction test from the prototype strain, EH24/70, but had a markedly distinct oligonucleotide pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Miyamura
- Central Virus Diagnostic Laboratory, National Institute of Health, Tokyo
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Iwasa S, Yoshikawa T, Fukumura K, Kurokawa M. Effects of the lymphocytosis-promoting factor from Bordetella pertussis on the function and potentiality of lymphocytes. I. Effect on the ability of lymphocytes to recirculate in the body. Jpn J Med Sci Biol 1970; 23:47-60. [PMID: 4317540 DOI: 10.7883/yoken1952.23.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Ota G, Masaoka N, Oe K, Tsubakawa Y, Fukumura K. [Thromboplasmic activity of the vascular endothelium. Basic study and its application to the endothelium of human aorta]. Nihon Rinsho 1969; 27:1305-11. [PMID: 5817332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Oe K, Fukumura K, Ota G. [Blood coagulation activities of the vascular intima. 7. Evaluation of intimal extracts in the natural state]. Igaku To Seibutsugaku 1968; 76:51-4. [PMID: 4234139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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34
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Fukumura K, Masaoka N, Ota G. [Blood coagulation activities of the vascular intima. 8. Plasma clotting and thromboplastin generation activities of intimal extracts and optimal condition for their extraction]. Igaku To Seibutsugaku 1968; 76:55-8. [PMID: 5692544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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