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Proske M, Janowski R, Bacher S, Kang HS, Monecke T, Koehler T, Hutten S, Tretter J, Crois A, Molitor L, Varela-Rial A, Fino R, Donati E, De Fabritiis G, Dormann D, Sattler M, Niessing D. PURA syndrome-causing mutations impair PUR-domain integrity and affect P-body association. eLife 2024; 13:RP93561. [PMID: 38655849 DOI: 10.7554/elife.93561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the human PURA gene cause the neurodevelopmental PURA syndrome. In contrast to several other monogenetic disorders, almost all reported mutations in this nucleic acid-binding protein result in the full disease penetrance. In this study, we observed that patient mutations across PURA impair its previously reported co-localization with processing bodies. These mutations either destroyed the folding integrity, RNA binding, or dimerization of PURA. We also solved the crystal structures of the N- and C-terminal PUR domains of human PURA and combined them with molecular dynamics simulations and nuclear magnetic resonance measurements. The observed unusually high dynamics and structural promiscuity of PURA indicated that this protein is particularly susceptible to mutations impairing its structural integrity. It offers an explanation why even conservative mutations across PURA result in the full penetrance of symptoms in patients with PURA syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Proske
- Institute of Structural Biology, Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Robert Janowski
- Institute of Structural Biology, Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Bacher
- Institute of Structural Biology, Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Hyun-Seo Kang
- Institute of Structural Biology, Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chemistry Department, Biomolecular NMR and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich, Technical University of Munich, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Monecke
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Tony Koehler
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Saskia Hutten
- Biocenter, Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität (JGU), Mainz, Germany
| | - Jana Tretter
- Institute of Structural Biology, Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anna Crois
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Lena Molitor
- Institute of Structural Biology, Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Dorothee Dormann
- Biocenter, Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität (JGU), Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, Germany
| | - Michael Sattler
- Institute of Structural Biology, Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chemistry Department, Biomolecular NMR and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich, Technical University of Munich, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dierk Niessing
- Institute of Structural Biology, Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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2
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Xu M, Ito-Kureha T, Kang HS, Chernev A, Raj T, Hoefig KP, Hohn C, Giesert F, Wang Y, Pan W, Ziętara N, Straub T, Feederle R, Daniel C, Adler B, König J, Feske S, Tsokos GC, Wurst W, Urlaub H, Sattler M, Kisielow J, Wulczyn FG, Łyszkiewicz M, Heissmeyer V. The thymocyte-specific RNA-binding protein Arpp21 provides TCR repertoire diversity by binding to the 3'-UTR and promoting Rag1 mRNA expression. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2194. [PMID: 38467629 PMCID: PMC10928157 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46371-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The regulation of thymocyte development by RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) is largely unexplored. We identify 642 RBPs in the thymus and focus on Arpp21, which shows selective and dynamic expression in early thymocytes. Arpp21 is downregulated in response to T cell receptor (TCR) and Ca2+ signals. Downregulation requires Stim1/Stim2 and CaMK4 expression and involves Arpp21 protein phosphorylation, polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Arpp21 directly binds RNA through its R3H domain, with a preference for uridine-rich motifs, promoting the expression of target mRNAs. Analysis of the Arpp21-bound transcriptome reveals strong interactions with the Rag1 3'-UTR. Arpp21-deficient thymocytes show reduced Rag1 expression, delayed TCR rearrangement and a less diverse TCR repertoire. This phenotype is recapitulated in Rag1 3'-UTR mutant mice harboring a deletion of the Arpp21 response region. These findings show how thymocyte-specific Arpp21 promotes Rag1 expression to enable TCR repertoire diversity until signals from the TCR terminate Arpp21 and Rag1 activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xu
- Research Unit Molecular Immune Regulation, Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Taku Ito-Kureha
- Institute for Immunology, Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität in Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Hyun-Seo Kang
- Institute of Structural Biology, Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Bioscience and Bavarian NMR Center (BNMRZ), Garching, Germany
| | - Aleksandar Chernev
- Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Timsse Raj
- Institute for Immunology, Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität in Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Kai P Hoefig
- Research Unit Molecular Immune Regulation, Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Christine Hohn
- Institute for Immunology, Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität in Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Florian Giesert
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Yinhu Wang
- Department of Pathology, New York University, Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wenliang Pan
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Natalia Ziętara
- Institute for Immunology, Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität in Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Cancer Immunology and Immune Modulation, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Tobias Straub
- Institute for Molecular Biology, Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität in Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Regina Feederle
- Monoclonal Antibody Core Facility, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Carolin Daniel
- Research Unit Type 1 Diabetes Immunology, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Barbara Adler
- Max von Pettenkofer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität in Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Julian König
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefan Feske
- Department of Pathology, New York University, Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - George C Tsokos
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wolfgang Wurst
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Developmental Genetics, Munich School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
- Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Henning Urlaub
- Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry, Göttingen, Germany
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Bioanalytics Group, Göttingen, Germany
- Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences, Georg-August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence 'Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells' (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Michael Sattler
- Institute of Structural Biology, Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Bioscience and Bavarian NMR Center (BNMRZ), Garching, Germany
| | - Jan Kisielow
- Institute for Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
- Repertoire Immune Medicines (Switzerland) AG, Schlieren, Switzerland.
| | - F Gregory Wulczyn
- Institute for Integrative Neuroanatomie, Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Marcin Łyszkiewicz
- Research Unit Molecular Immune Regulation, Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Vigo Heissmeyer
- Research Unit Molecular Immune Regulation, Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.
- Institute for Immunology, Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität in Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.
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Roca-Martínez J, Kang HS, Sattler M, Vranken W. Analysis of the inter-domain orientation of tandem RRM domains with diverse linkers: connecting experimental with AlphaFold2 predicted models. NAR Genom Bioinform 2024; 6:lqae002. [PMID: 38288375 PMCID: PMC10823583 DOI: 10.1093/nargab/lqae002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
The RNA recognition motif (RRM) is the most prevalent RNA binding domain in eukaryotes and is involved in most RNA metabolism processes. Single RRM domains have a limited RNA specificity and affinity and tend to be accompanied by other RNA binding domains, frequently additional RRMs that contribute to an avidity effect. Within multi-RRM proteins, the most common arrangement are tandem RRMs, with two domains connected by a variable linker. Despite their prevalence, little is known about the features that lead to specific arrangements, and especially the role of the connecting linker. In this work, we present a novel and robust way to investigate the relative domain orientation in multi-domain proteins using inter-domain vectors referenced to a stable secondary structure element. We apply this method to tandem RRM domains and cluster experimental tandem RRM structures according to their inter-domain and linker-domain contacts, and report how this correlates with their orientation. By extending our analysis to AlphaFold2 predicted structures, with particular attention to the inter-domain predicted aligned error, we identify new orientations not reported experimentally. Our analysis provides novel insights across a range of tandem RRM orientations that may help for the design of proteins with a specific RNA binding mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Roca-Martínez
- Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels, VUB/ULB, Brussels 1050, Belgium
- Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels 1050, Belgium
| | - Hyun-Seo Kang
- Helmholtz Munich, Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Institute of Structural Biology, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Bioscience, Bavarian NMR Center, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Michael Sattler
- Helmholtz Munich, Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Institute of Structural Biology, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Bioscience, Bavarian NMR Center, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Wim Vranken
- Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels, VUB/ULB, Brussels 1050, Belgium
- Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels 1050, Belgium
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Fukumura K, Sperotto L, Seuß S, Kang HS, Yoshimoto R, Sattler M, Mayeda A. SAP30BP interacts with RBM17/SPF45 to promote splicing in a subset of human short introns. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113534. [PMID: 38065098 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Human pre-mRNA splicing requires the removal of introns with highly variable lengths, from tens to over a million nucleotides. Therefore, mechanisms of intron recognition and splicing are likely not universal. Recently, we reported that splicing in a subset of human short introns with truncated polypyrimidine tracts depends on RBM17 (SPF45), instead of the canonical splicing factor U2 auxiliary factor (U2AF) heterodimer. Here, we demonstrate that SAP30BP, a factor previously implicated in transcriptional control, is an essential splicing cofactor for RBM17. In vitro binding and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses demonstrate that a U2AF-homology motif (UHM) in RBM17 binds directly to a newly identified UHM-ligand motif in SAP30BP. We show that this RBM17-SAP30BP interaction is required to specifically recruit RBM17 to phosphorylated SF3B1 (SF3b155), a U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (U2 snRNP) component in active spliceosomes. We propose a mechanism for splicing in a subset of short introns, in which SAP30BP guides RBM17 in the assembly of active spliceosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Fukumura
- Division of Gene Expression Mechanism, Center for Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan.
| | - Luca Sperotto
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Bavarian NMR Center, TUM School of Natural Sciences, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Stefanie Seuß
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Bavarian NMR Center, TUM School of Natural Sciences, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Hyun-Seo Kang
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Bavarian NMR Center, TUM School of Natural Sciences, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Rei Yoshimoto
- Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Setsunan University, Hirakata, Osaka 673-0101, Japan
| | - Michael Sattler
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Bavarian NMR Center, TUM School of Natural Sciences, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Akila Mayeda
- Division of Gene Expression Mechanism, Center for Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan.
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5
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Lim CM, Choi SW, Kim BS, Lee SJ, Kang HS. Dynamic Fixation versus Static Screw Fixation for Syndesmosis Injuries in Pronation External Rotation Ankle Fractures: A Retrospective Case Control Study. Malays Orthop J 2023; 17:48-58. [PMID: 38107359 PMCID: PMC10723001 DOI: 10.5704/moj.2311.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The current standard treatment for ankle syndesmosis injury is static screw fixation. Dynamic fixation was developed to restore the dynamic function of the syndesmosis. The purpose of this study was to determine that which of static screw fixation and dynamic fixation is better for treatment of ankle syndesmosis injury in pronation-external rotation fractures. Materials and methods Thirty patients were treated with dynamic fixation (DF group) and 28 patients with static screw fixation (SF group). The primary outcome was Olerud-Molander Ankle Outcome Score. The secondary outcome were Visual Analogue Scale score and American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society score, radiographic outcomes, complications and cost effectiveness. To evaluate the radiographic outcome, the tibiofibular clear space, tibiofibular overlap, and medial clear space were compared using the pre-operative and last follow-up plain radiographs. To evaluate the cost effectiveness, the total hospital cost was compared between the two groups. Results There was no significant difference in primary outcome. Moreover, there were no significant difference in secondary outcome including Visual Analogue Scale score and American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society score and radiographic outcome. Two cases of reduction loss and four cases of screw breakage were observed in the SF group. No complication in the DF group was observed. Dynamic fixation was more cost effective than static screw fixation with respect to the total hospital cost. Conclusion Although dynamic fixation provided similar clinical and radiologic outcome, dynamic fixation is more cost effective with fewer complications than static screw fixation in ankle syndesmosis injury of pronation-external rotation fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Lim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, South Korea
| | - S W Choi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, South Korea
| | - B S Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, South Korea
| | - S J Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, South Korea
| | - H S Kang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, South Korea
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Lee H, Kang HS, De Gagne JC. Life satisfaction of multicultural married couples: Actor-Partner Interdependence Model analysis. Health Care Women Int 2023; 44:1106-1118. [PMID: 33797346 DOI: 10.1080/07399332.2021.1894151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to identify the actor and partner effects of health status, relationship satisfaction, and depression on the life satisfaction of married immigrant women and their husbands in South Korea. We used a cross-sectional design that included 2865 multicultural married couples with data from the 2015 national survey of multicultural families in Korea. We analyzed the data using path analyses within the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM) framework. Health status, depression, and relationship satisfaction had actor effects in both wives and husbands, while depression had no partner effects on either. Health status had partner effects only for wives, and relationship satisfaction had partner effects for both husbands and wives. Given that factors influencing life satisfaction differed in couples and since those with depression and poor health were more susceptible to lower life satisfaction, it is essential to introduce efforts to prevent depression and improve relationships considering differences of partner effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Lee
- Department of Nursing, Sangmyung University, Cheonan-Si, South Korea
| | - H S Kang
- Red Cross College of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J C De Gagne
- School of Nursing, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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7
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Ebersberger S, Hipp C, Mulorz MM, Buchbender A, Hubrich D, Kang HS, Martínez-Lumbreras S, Kristofori P, Sutandy FXR, Llacsahuanga Allcca L, Schönfeld J, Bakisoglu C, Busch A, Hänel H, Tretow K, Welzel M, Di Liddo A, Möckel MM, Zarnack K, Ebersberger I, Legewie S, Luck K, Sattler M, König J. FUBP1 is a general splicing factor facilitating 3' splice site recognition and splicing of long introns. Mol Cell 2023:S1097-2765(23)00516-6. [PMID: 37506698 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Splicing of pre-mRNAs critically contributes to gene regulation and proteome expansion in eukaryotes, but our understanding of the recognition and pairing of splice sites during spliceosome assembly lacks detail. Here, we identify the multidomain RNA-binding protein FUBP1 as a key splicing factor that binds to a hitherto unknown cis-regulatory motif. By collecting NMR, structural, and in vivo interaction data, we demonstrate that FUBP1 stabilizes U2AF2 and SF1, key components at the 3' splice site, through multivalent binding interfaces located within its disordered regions. Transcriptional profiling and kinetic modeling reveal that FUBP1 is required for efficient splicing of long introns, which is impaired in cancer patients harboring FUBP1 mutations. Notably, FUBP1 interacts with numerous U1 snRNP-associated proteins, suggesting a unique role for FUBP1 in splice site bridging for long introns. We propose a compelling model for 3' splice site recognition of long introns, which represent 80% of all human introns.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Clara Hipp
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Bavarian NMR Center, Department of Bioscience, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Miriam M Mulorz
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB) gGmbH, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Dalmira Hubrich
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB) gGmbH, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Hyun-Seo Kang
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Bavarian NMR Center, Department of Bioscience, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Santiago Martínez-Lumbreras
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Bavarian NMR Center, Department of Bioscience, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Panajot Kristofori
- Department of Systems Biology, Institute for Biomedical Genetics (IBMG), University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | | | | | - Jonas Schönfeld
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB) gGmbH, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Cem Bakisoglu
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences & Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Anke Busch
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB) gGmbH, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Heike Hänel
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB) gGmbH, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Kerstin Tretow
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB) gGmbH, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Mareen Welzel
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB) gGmbH, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Martin M Möckel
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB) gGmbH, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Kathi Zarnack
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences & Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; CardioPulmonary Institute (CPI), 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - Ingo Ebersberger
- Applied Bioinformatics Group, Institute of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Center (S-BIK-F), 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; LOEWE Center for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (TBG), 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Stefan Legewie
- Department of Systems Biology, Institute for Biomedical Genetics (IBMG), University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany; Stuttgart Research Center for Systems Biology (SRCSB), University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Katja Luck
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB) gGmbH, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Michael Sattler
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Bavarian NMR Center, Department of Bioscience, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85747 Garching, Germany.
| | - Julian König
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB) gGmbH, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
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8
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Agam G, Gebhardt C, Popara M, Mächtel R, Folz J, Ambrose B, Chamachi N, Chung SY, Craggs TD, de Boer M, Grohmann D, Ha T, Hartmann A, Hendrix J, Hirschfeld V, Hübner CG, Hugel T, Kammerer D, Kang HS, Kapanidis AN, Krainer G, Kramm K, Lemke EA, Lerner E, Margeat E, Martens K, Michaelis J, Mitra J, Moya Muñoz GG, Quast RB, Robb NC, Sattler M, Schlierf M, Schneider J, Schröder T, Sefer A, Tan PS, Thurn J, Tinnefeld P, van Noort J, Weiss S, Wendler N, Zijlstra N, Barth A, Seidel CAM, Lamb DC, Cordes T. Reliability and accuracy of single-molecule FRET studies for characterization of structural dynamics and distances in proteins. Nat Methods 2023; 20:523-535. [PMID: 36973549 PMCID: PMC10089922 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-023-01807-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Single-molecule Förster-resonance energy transfer (smFRET) experiments allow the study of biomolecular structure and dynamics in vitro and in vivo. We performed an international blind study involving 19 laboratories to assess the uncertainty of FRET experiments for proteins with respect to the measured FRET efficiency histograms, determination of distances, and the detection and quantification of structural dynamics. Using two protein systems with distinct conformational changes and dynamics, we obtained an uncertainty of the FRET efficiency ≤0.06, corresponding to an interdye distance precision of ≤2 Å and accuracy of ≤5 Å. We further discuss the limits for detecting fluctuations in this distance range and how to identify dye perturbations. Our work demonstrates the ability of smFRET experiments to simultaneously measure distances and avoid the averaging of conformational dynamics for realistic protein systems, highlighting its importance in the expanding toolbox of integrative structural biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh Agam
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians University München, München, Germany
| | - Christian Gebhardt
- Physical and Synthetic Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians University München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Milana Popara
- Molecular Physical Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rebecca Mächtel
- Physical and Synthetic Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians University München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Julian Folz
- Molecular Physical Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Neharika Chamachi
- B CUBE - Center for Molecular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sang Yoon Chung
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Marijn de Boer
- Molecular Microscopy Research Group, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, AG Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Dina Grohmann
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Single-Molecule Biochemistry Laboratory, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Taekjip Ha
- Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Andreas Hartmann
- B CUBE - Center for Molecular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jelle Hendrix
- Dynamic Bioimaging Laboratory, Advanced Optical Microscopy Center and Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Agoralaan C (BIOMED), Hasselt, Belgium
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | - Thorsten Hugel
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Signalling Research Centers BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dominik Kammerer
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Hyun-Seo Kang
- Bayerisches NMR Zentrum, Department of Bioscience, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of München, Garching, Germany
| | - Achillefs N Kapanidis
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Georg Krainer
- B CUBE - Center for Molecular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kevin Kramm
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Single-Molecule Biochemistry Laboratory, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Edward A Lemke
- Biocenter, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Mainz, Germany
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Eitan Lerner
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, and The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, The Edmond J. Safra Campus, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Emmanuel Margeat
- Centre de Biologie Structurale (CBS), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Kirsten Martens
- Biological and Soft Matter Physics, Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Jaba Mitra
- Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Gabriel G Moya Muñoz
- Physical and Synthetic Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians University München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Robert B Quast
- Centre de Biologie Structurale (CBS), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicole C Robb
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Warwick Medical School, The University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Michael Sattler
- Bayerisches NMR Zentrum, Department of Bioscience, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of München, Garching, Germany
- Institute of Structural Biology, Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Schlierf
- B CUBE - Center for Molecular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Physics of Life, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jonathan Schneider
- Physical and Synthetic Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians University München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Tim Schröder
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians University München, München, Germany
| | - Anna Sefer
- Institute for Biophysics, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Piau Siong Tan
- Biocenter, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Mainz, Germany
| | - Johann Thurn
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Technical Physics, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Philip Tinnefeld
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians University München, München, Germany
| | - John van Noort
- Biological and Soft Matter Physics, Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Shimon Weiss
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nicolas Wendler
- Physical and Synthetic Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians University München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Niels Zijlstra
- Physical and Synthetic Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians University München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Anders Barth
- Molecular Physical Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Department of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands.
| | - Claus A M Seidel
- Molecular Physical Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Don C Lamb
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians University München, München, Germany.
| | - Thorben Cordes
- Physical and Synthetic Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians University München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.
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9
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Goh PS, Kang HS, Ismail AF, Khor WH, Quen LK, Higgins D. Nanomaterials for microplastic remediation from aquatic environment: Why nano matters? Chemosphere 2022; 299:134418. [PMID: 35351478 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The contamination of microplastics in aquatic environment is regarded as a serious threat to ecosystem especially to aquatic environment. Microplastic pollution associated problems including their bioaccumulation and ecological risks have become a major concern of the public and scientific community. The removal of microplastics from their discharge points is an effective way to mitigate the adverse effects of microplastic pollution, hence has been the central of the research in this realm. Presently, most of the commonly used water or wastewater treatment technologies are capable of removing microplastic to certain extent, although they are not intentionally installed for this reason. Nevertheless, recognizing the adverse effects posed by microplastic pollution, more efforts are still desired to enhance the current microplastic removal technologies. With their structural multifunctionalities and flexibility, nanomaterials have been increasingly used for water and wastewater treatment to improve the treatment efficiency. Particularly, the unique features of nanomaterials have been harnessed in synthesizing high performance adsorbent and photocatalyst for microplastic removal from aqueous environment. This review looks into the potentials of nanomaterials in offering constructive solutions to resolve the bottlenecks and enhance the efficiencies of the existing materials used for microplastic removal. The current efforts and research direction of which studies can dedicate to improve microplastic removal from water environment with the augmentation of nanomaterial-enabled strategies are discussed. The progresses made to date have witnessed the benefits of harnessing the structural and dimensional advantages of nanomaterials to enhance the efficiency of existing microplastic treatment processes to achieve a more sustainable microplastic cleanup.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S Goh
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Malaysia.
| | - H S Kang
- Marine Technology Centre, Institute for Vehicle System & Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Malaysia.
| | - A F Ismail
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - W H Khor
- Marine Technology Centre, Institute for Vehicle System & Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - L K Quen
- Mechanical Precision Engineering Department, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - D Higgins
- The Ocean Cleanup Interception B.V., 3014, JH Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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10
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Fukumura K, Yoshimoto R, Sperotto L, Kang HS, Hirose T, Inoue K, Sattler M, Mayeda A. SPF45/RBM17-dependent, but not U2AF-dependent, splicing in a distinct subset of human short introns. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4910. [PMID: 34389706 PMCID: PMC8363638 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24879-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Human pre-mRNA introns vary in size from under fifty to over a million nucleotides. We searched for essential factors involved in the splicing of human short introns by screening siRNAs against 154 human nuclear proteins. The splicing activity was assayed with a model HNRNPH1 pre-mRNA containing short 56-nucleotide intron. We identify a known alternative splicing regulator SPF45 (RBM17) as a constitutive splicing factor that is required to splice out this 56-nt intron. Whole-transcriptome sequencing of SPF45-deficient cells reveals that SPF45 is essential in the efficient splicing of many short introns. To initiate the spliceosome assembly on a short intron with the truncated poly-pyrimidine tract, the U2AF-homology motif (UHM) of SPF45 competes out that of U2AF65 (U2AF2) for binding to the UHM-ligand motif (ULM) of the U2 snRNP protein SF3b155 (SF3B1). We propose that splicing in a distinct subset of human short introns depends on SPF45 but not U2AF heterodimer. The length distribution of human pre-mRNA introns is very extensive. The authors demonstrate that splicing in a subset of short introns is dependent on SPF45 (RBM17), which replaces authentic U2AF-heterodimer on the truncated poly-pyrimidine tracts and interacts with the U2 snRNP protein SF3b155.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Fukumura
- Division of Gene Expression Mechanism, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Rei Yoshimoto
- Division of Gene Expression Mechanism, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan.,Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Setsunan University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
| | - Luca Sperotto
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Bavarian NMR Center (BNMRZ), Chemistry Department, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Hyun-Seo Kang
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Bavarian NMR Center (BNMRZ), Chemistry Department, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Tetsuro Hirose
- Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Kunio Inoue
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Michael Sattler
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Bavarian NMR Center (BNMRZ), Chemistry Department, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Akila Mayeda
- Division of Gene Expression Mechanism, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan.
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11
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Savitskiy S, Wachtel R, Pourjafar-Dehkordi D, Kang HS, Trauschke V, Lamb DC, Sattler M, Zacharias M, Itzen A. Proteolysis of Rab32 by Salmonella GtgE induces an inactive GTPase conformation. iScience 2020; 24:101940. [PMID: 33426511 PMCID: PMC7779776 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Rab GTPases are central regulators of intracellular vesicular trafficking. They are frequently targeted by bacterial pathogens through post-translational modifications. Salmonella typhimurium secretes the cysteine protease GtgE during infection, leading to a regioselective proteolytic cleavage of the regulatory switch I loop in the small GTPases of the Rab32 subfamily. Here, using a combination of biochemical methods, molecular dynamics simulations, NMR spectroscopy, and single-pair Förster resonance energy transfer, we demonstrate that the cleavage of Rab32 causes a local increase of conformational flexibility in both switch regions. Cleaved Rab32 maintains its ability to interact with the GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI). Interestingly, the Rab32 cleavage enables GDI binding also with an active GTP-bound Rab32 in vitro. Furthermore, the Rab32 proteolysis provokes disturbance in the interaction with its downstream effector VARP. Thus, the proteolysis of Rab32 is not a globally degradative mechanism but affects various biochemical and structural properties of the GTPase in a diverse manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Savitskiy
- Department of Biochemistry and Signaltransduction, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.,Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Department Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Rudolf Wachtel
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Department Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Danial Pourjafar-Dehkordi
- Physics Department T38, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Strasse 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Hyun-Seo Kang
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.,Chemistry Department, Biomolecular NMR and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Vanessa Trauschke
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Nanoscience (CeNS), NanoSystems Initiative Munich (NIM) and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Ludwig Maximilians-Universität München, Munich Germany
| | - Don C Lamb
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Nanoscience (CeNS), NanoSystems Initiative Munich (NIM) and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Ludwig Maximilians-Universität München, Munich Germany
| | - Michael Sattler
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.,Chemistry Department, Biomolecular NMR and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Martin Zacharias
- Physics Department T38, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Strasse 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Aymelt Itzen
- Department of Biochemistry and Signaltransduction, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.,Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Department Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748 Garching, Germany.,Centre for Structural Systems Biology (CSSB), University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
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12
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Santos MCL, Godoi CM, Kang HS, de Souza RFB, Ramos AS, Antolini E, Neto AO. Effect of Ni content in PdNi/C anode catalysts on power and methanol co-generation in alkaline direct methane fuel cell type. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 578:390-401. [PMID: 32535421 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PdNi electrocatalysts supported on carbon were used as anode materials for methane oxidation in alkaline direct methane fuel cells (ADMEFCs). The electrocatalysts were successfully synthesized by the NaBH4 reduction method. X-ray diffraction measurements showed the formation of non-alloyed Pd in the face- centered cubic (FCC) structure for all materials and formation of NiO and Ni(OH)2 species. TEM images showed that the metal particles are well dispersed on the support with small agglomeration regions. Information about the surface structure of the catalyst were obtained by Raman spectra, mainly confirming the presence of Ni(OH)2. The species observed by DEMS, that is, methanol (m/z = 32), CO2 (m/z = 44) and potassium formate (m/z = 84) were confirmed by FTIR, which also showed the presence of a high amount of carbonate in the methane oxidation products of the ADMEFC with Pd50Ni50/C as the anode catalyst. Tests in ADMEFCs showed that the dependence of the maximum power density on nickel content in the catalysts goes through a maximum value of 13.5 μW cm-2 at 50 at% Ni. Moreover, the amount of produced methanol decreases with increasing Ni content in the PdNi/C catalysts. Both these results can be explained by the enhanced methanol oxidation in the presence of nickel.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C L Santos
- Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, IPEN/CNEN-SP, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242 Cidade Universitária, CEP 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - C M Godoi
- Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, IPEN/CNEN-SP, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242 Cidade Universitária, CEP 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - H S Kang
- Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, IPEN/CNEN-SP, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242 Cidade Universitária, CEP 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - R F B de Souza
- Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, IPEN/CNEN-SP, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242 Cidade Universitária, CEP 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - A S Ramos
- Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, IPEN/CNEN-SP, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242 Cidade Universitária, CEP 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - E Antolini
- Scuola di Scienza dei Materiali, Via 25 aprile 22, 16016 Cogoleto, Genova, Italy
| | - A O Neto
- Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, IPEN/CNEN-SP, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242 Cidade Universitária, CEP 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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13
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Donau C, Späth F, Sosson M, Kriebisch BAK, Schnitter F, Tena-Solsona M, Kang HS, Salibi E, Sattler M, Mutschler H, Boekhoven J. Active coacervate droplets as a model for membraneless organelles and protocells. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5167. [PMID: 33056997 PMCID: PMC7560875 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18815-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Membraneless organelles like stress granules are active liquid-liquid phase-separated droplets that are involved in many intracellular processes. Their active and dynamic behavior is often regulated by ATP-dependent reactions. However, how exactly membraneless organelles control their dynamic composition remains poorly understood. Herein, we present a model for membraneless organelles based on RNA-containing active coacervate droplets regulated by a fuel-driven reaction cycle. These droplets emerge when fuel is present, but decay without. Moreover, we find these droplets can transiently up-concentrate functional RNA which remains in its active folded state inside the droplets. Finally, we show that in their pathway towards decay, these droplets break apart in multiple droplet fragments. Emergence, decay, rapid exchange of building blocks, and functionality are all hallmarks of membrane-less organelles, and we believe that our work could be powerful as a model to study such organelles. Membraneless organelles are liquid-liquid phase-separated droplets whose behaviour can be regulated by chemical reactions, but this process is poorly understood. Here, the authors report model membraneless organelles based on coacervate droplets that show fuel-driven dynamic behaviour and concentrate functional RNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Donau
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Fabian Späth
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Marilyne Sosson
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Brigitte A K Kriebisch
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Fabian Schnitter
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Marta Tena-Solsona
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748, Garching, Germany.,Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 2a, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Hyun-Seo Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748, Garching, Germany.,Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Elia Salibi
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Michael Sattler
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748, Garching, Germany.,Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Hannes Mutschler
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Job Boekhoven
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748, Garching, Germany. .,Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 2a, 85748, Garching, Germany.
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14
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Reinking HK, Kang HS, Götz MJ, Li HY, Kieser A, Zhao S, Acampora AC, Weickert P, Fessler E, Jae LT, Sattler M, Stingele J. DNA Structure-Specific Cleavage of DNA-Protein Crosslinks by the SPRTN Protease. Mol Cell 2020; 80:102-113.e6. [PMID: 32853547 PMCID: PMC7534798 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2020.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Repair of covalent DNA-protein crosslinks (DPCs) by DNA-dependent proteases has emerged as an essential genome maintenance mechanism required for cellular viability and tumor suppression. However, how proteolysis is restricted to the crosslinked protein while leaving surrounding chromatin proteins unharmed has remained unknown. Using defined DPC model substrates, we show that the DPC protease SPRTN displays strict DNA structure-specific activity. Strikingly, SPRTN cleaves DPCs at or in direct proximity to disruptions within double-stranded DNA. In contrast, proteins crosslinked to intact double- or single-stranded DNA are not cleaved by SPRTN. NMR spectroscopy data suggest that specificity is not merely affinity-driven but achieved through a flexible bipartite strategy based on two DNA binding interfaces recognizing distinct structural features. This couples DNA context to activation of the enzyme, tightly confining SPRTN's action to biologically relevant scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah K Reinking
- Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig Maximilians University, 81377 Munich, Germany; Gene Center, Ludwig Maximilians University, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Hyun-Seo Kang
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich at the Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, 85747 Garching, Germany; Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Maximilian J Götz
- Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig Maximilians University, 81377 Munich, Germany; Gene Center, Ludwig Maximilians University, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Hao-Yi Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig Maximilians University, 81377 Munich, Germany; Gene Center, Ludwig Maximilians University, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Anja Kieser
- Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig Maximilians University, 81377 Munich, Germany; Gene Center, Ludwig Maximilians University, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Shubo Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig Maximilians University, 81377 Munich, Germany; Gene Center, Ludwig Maximilians University, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Aleida C Acampora
- Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig Maximilians University, 81377 Munich, Germany; Gene Center, Ludwig Maximilians University, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Pedro Weickert
- Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig Maximilians University, 81377 Munich, Germany; Gene Center, Ludwig Maximilians University, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Evelyn Fessler
- Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig Maximilians University, 81377 Munich, Germany; Gene Center, Ludwig Maximilians University, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Lucas T Jae
- Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig Maximilians University, 81377 Munich, Germany; Gene Center, Ludwig Maximilians University, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Sattler
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich at the Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, 85747 Garching, Germany; Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Julian Stingele
- Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig Maximilians University, 81377 Munich, Germany; Gene Center, Ludwig Maximilians University, 81377 Munich, Germany.
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15
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Adam GO, Lee HR, Lee SJ, Kim SJ, Kim GB, Kang HS. Effects of acute lipopolysaccharide-induced toxemia model on some neglected blood parameters. Pol J Vet Sci 2019; 21:665-671. [PMID: 30605278 DOI: 10.24425/124304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in blood induces an inflammatory response which leads to multiple organ dysfunction and numerous metabolic disorders. Uncontrolled, improper or late intervention may lead to tissue hypoxia, anaerobic glycolysis and a disturbance in the acid -base balance. The effects of LPS-induced toxemia on biological and immunological markers were well studied. However, parameters such as base excess, ions, and acid-base balance were not fully investigated. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine these blood parameters collectively in LPS-induced inflammatory toxemia in rat's model. After induction of toxemia by injecting LPS at a rate of 5 mg/kg body weight intravenously, blood was collected from the tail vein of twenty rats and immediately analyzed. After 24 hours, the animals were sacrificed and the blood was collected from the caudal vena cava. The results revealed that the levels of pH, bicar- bonate, partial pressure of oxygen, oxygen saturation, Alveolar oxygen, hemoglobin, hematocrit, magnesium (Mg2+), and calcium (Ca2+) were significantly decreased. On the other side, the levels of Base excess blood, Base excess extracellular fluid, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, lactate, Ca2+/Mg2+, potassium, and chloride were significantly increased compared to those found pre toxemia induction. However, sodium level showed no significant change. In conclusion, Acute LPS-toxemia model disturbs acid-base balance, blood gases, and ions. These parameters can be used to monitor human and animal toxemic inflammatory response induced by bacterial LPS conditions to assist in the management of the diagnosed cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- G O Adam
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan Campus, 79 Gobong-ro, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do 54596 Republic of Korea.,Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sudan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box No. 204, Hilat Kuku, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - H R Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan Campus, 79 Gobong-ro, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do 54596 Republic of Korea
| | - S J Lee
- Korea Basic Science Institute Jeonju Center, Deokjingu, Jeonjusi, Jeollabukdo 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan Campus, 79 Gobong-ro, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do 54596 Republic of Korea
| | - G B Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan Campus, 79 Gobong-ro, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do 54596 Republic of Korea
| | - H S Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan Campus, 79 Gobong-ro, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do 54596 Republic of Korea
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16
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Park C, Ahn JM, Kim H, Kang Y, Lee E, Lee JW, Kang HS. MRI analysis of extra-capsular ganglia at the gastrocnemius origin and their association with osteoarthritis. Clin Radiol 2018; 73:835.e17-835.e25. [PMID: 29910017 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2018.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the prevalence, clinical relevance, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of extra-capsular ganglia at the gastrocnemius origin and to assess their association with internal derangement and osteoarthritis of the knee. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred consecutive knee MRI examinations, obtained within a 6-month period from patients with no history of recent knee trauma, recent injections, inflammatory arthritis, infection, or tumours, were evaluated retrospectively for the presence of ganglia at the gastrocnemius origin. The lesions were divided into two groups: an intra-capsular and an extra-capsular group. Cyst morphology (size, shape, and internal septa), internal derangement of the knee (cartilage lesion, cruciate ligament injury, meniscal tear, and corner injury on MRI, and osteoarthritis of the knee on radiographs) were evaluated. The chi-square, Fisher's exact, and t-tests were used to compare the two groups, in addition to multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Thirty-nine ganglia with an extra-capsular location were identified on 100 knee MRI (39 %). Rounded shape and internal septa were more common in the extra-capsular than in the intra-capsular group (p<0.001). Frequencies of high-grade cartilage, meniscal tear, and high-grade osteoarthritis significantly differed between the groups (p≤0.038). In multivariate analysis, the only significant association was between high-grade osteoarthritis and the extra-capsular group. CONCLUSION Extra-capsular ganglia at the gastrocnemius origin were not uncommon on knee MRI and had features typical of ganglia found at other sites. High-grade osteoarthritis was significantly associated with extra-capsular ganglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Park
- Department of Radiology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, 20, Geumo-ro, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsananam-do, South Korea
| | - J M Ahn
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-ro 173 beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.
| | - H Kim
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-ro 173 beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Y Kang
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-ro 173 beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - E Lee
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-ro 173 beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - J W Lee
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-ro 173 beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - H S Kang
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-ro 173 beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
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17
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Sutandy FXR, Ebersberger S, Huang L, Busch A, Bach M, Kang HS, Fallmann J, Maticzka D, Backofen R, Stadler PF, Zarnack K, Sattler M, Legewie S, König J. In vitro iCLIP-based modeling uncovers how the splicing factor U2AF2 relies on regulation by cofactors. Genome Res 2018; 28:699-713. [PMID: 29643205 PMCID: PMC5932610 DOI: 10.1101/gr.229757.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Alternative splicing generates distinct mRNA isoforms and is crucial for proteome diversity in eukaryotes. The RNA-binding protein (RBP) U2AF2 is central to splicing decisions, as it recognizes 3′ splice sites and recruits the spliceosome. We establish “in vitro iCLIP” experiments, in which recombinant RBPs are incubated with long transcripts, to study how U2AF2 recognizes RNA sequences and how this is modulated by trans-acting RBPs. We measure U2AF2 affinities at hundreds of binding sites and compare in vitro and in vivo binding landscapes by mathematical modeling. We find that trans-acting RBPs extensively regulate U2AF2 binding in vivo, including enhanced recruitment to 3′ splice sites and clearance of introns. Using machine learning, we identify and experimentally validate novel trans-acting RBPs (including FUBP1, CELF6, and PCBP1) that modulate U2AF2 binding and affect splicing outcomes. Our study offers a blueprint for the high-throughput characterization of in vitro mRNP assembly and in vivo splicing regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lu Huang
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB) gGmbH, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Anke Busch
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB) gGmbH, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Maximilian Bach
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB) gGmbH, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Hyun-Seo Kang
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.,Biomolecular NMR and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich at Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Jörg Fallmann
- Bioinformatics Group, Department of Computer Science and Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, University of Leipzig, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Daniel Maticzka
- Bioinformatics Group, Department of Computer Science, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Rolf Backofen
- Bioinformatics Group, Department of Computer Science, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany.,Centre for Biological Signalling Studies (BIOSS), University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Peter F Stadler
- Bioinformatics Group, Department of Computer Science and Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, University of Leipzig, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kathi Zarnack
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt a.M., Germany
| | - Michael Sattler
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.,Biomolecular NMR and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich at Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Stefan Legewie
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB) gGmbH, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Julian König
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB) gGmbH, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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18
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Chee CG, Park KS, Lee JW, Ahn HW, Lee E, Kang Y, Kang HS. MRI Features of Aquaporin-4 Antibody-Positive Longitudinally Extensive Transverse Myelitis: Insights into the Diagnosis of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2018; 39:782-787. [PMID: 29449281 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis is a well-documented spinal manifestation of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders, however, other forms of nontumorous myelopathy can also manifest as longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis. Our aim was to evaluate the MR imaging features of aquaporin-4 antibody-positive longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis, which is strongly associated with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated cervicomedullary junction involvement, cord expansion ratios, bright spotty lesions, the number of involved segments, skipped lesions, enhancement patterns, and axial distribution patterns using spinal MR imaging of 41 patients with longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis who underwent aquaporin-4 antibody testing. Univariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with aquaporin-4 antibody seropositivity, which were then used to develop a scoring system for diagnosing aquaporin-4 antibody-positive longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis. Interrater reliability for cord expansion ratio measurement and bright spotty lesions was determined using intraclass correlation coefficients and κ values, respectively. RESULTS Fifteen patients with longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis were aquaporin-4 antibody-positive. Sex (female), cervicomedullary junction involvement, a cord expansion ratio of >1.4, and bright spotty lesions were significantly associated with aquaporin-4 antibody seropositivity. The sensitivity and specificity of the scoring system were 73.3% and 96.2%, respectively. The interclass correlation value for the cord expansion ratio was 0.78, and the κ value for bright spotty lesions was 0.61. CONCLUSIONS Our scoring system, based on cervicomedullary junction involvement, higher cord expansion ratio, bright spotty lesions, and female sex, can facilitate the timely diagnosis of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- C G Chee
- From the Departments of Radiology (C.G.C., J.W.L., H.W.A., E.L., Y.K., H.S.K.)
| | - K S Park
- Neurology (K.S.P.), Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - J W Lee
- From the Departments of Radiology (C.G.C., J.W.L., H.W.A., E.L., Y.K., H.S.K.)
| | - H W Ahn
- From the Departments of Radiology (C.G.C., J.W.L., H.W.A., E.L., Y.K., H.S.K.)
| | - E Lee
- From the Departments of Radiology (C.G.C., J.W.L., H.W.A., E.L., Y.K., H.S.K.)
| | - Y Kang
- From the Departments of Radiology (C.G.C., J.W.L., H.W.A., E.L., Y.K., H.S.K.)
| | - H S Kang
- From the Departments of Radiology (C.G.C., J.W.L., H.W.A., E.L., Y.K., H.S.K.)
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19
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Seo SI, Bang CS, Kang HS, Choi MH, Shin WG, Jang HJ, Kim JB, Baik KH, Kae SH, Kim HY. Evaluation of treatment pattern and symptom control in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease: multihospital questionnaire survey on the current situation in Korea. Dis Esophagus 2017; 30:1-8. [PMID: 28859382 DOI: 10.1093/dote/dox034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are the most effective treatment for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD); however, a considerable number of patients fail to respond to PPI therapy and complain of nocturnal heartburn and sleep disturbance. The aims of this study are to evaluate the treatment pattern of GERD-related medications and their efficacy in relieving nocturnal heartburn. A total of 334 patients with GERD receiving PPI therapy within 6 months were enrolled in a multihospital questionnaire survey from January, 2014 to March, 2015. GERD symptoms and patients' satisfaction were assessed by patient questionnaires, and treatment patterns of GERD-related medications were assessed by investigators. Among the 334 patients, 95.8% used PPI once daily and 58.6% used a half-dose of PPI. The PPI treatment pattern was changed in 26.6% of all patients, of those, 54% of the patients doubled the PPI dose, and 29.2% of the patients switched to another PPI. Approximately 60.3% of all patients were prescribed more than three GERD-related medications. The overall satisfaction rate was 61.8%, and 32.2% of patients experienced nocturnal heartburn and sleep disturbance. In the extended-release PPI group, there were fewer nocturnal symptoms compared with the conventional PPI group (10% vs. 33.7%, respectively, P = 0.027). The use of more than three medications was inversely associated with patients' satisfaction (OR = 0.355, 95% CI; 0.197-0.642, P = 0.001). Most patients were prescribed adjunctive medications other than PPIs; however, patients' satisfaction was inversely associated with multiple drugs. Patients' satisfaction was superior in extended-release PPIs than conventional PPIs for the relief of nocturnal heartburn in Korean patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S I Seo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital
| | - C S Bang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Gangwon-do
| | - H S Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital
| | - M H Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - W G Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital
| | - H J Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - J B Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul
| | - K H Baik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Gangwon-do
| | - S H Kae
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - H Y Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital
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20
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Kang HY, Hong EJ, Kang HS, Ahn C, Jeung EB. Assessment of neurotoxicity of pharmacological compounds during early neural development of human embryonic stem cells. J Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 68:231-241. [PMID: 28614773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), with the potential for differentiation, have been used to evaluate the embryotoxicity of various compounds. The effects of pharmacological compounds (cytosine arabinoside, 5-fluorouracil, hydroxyurea, indomethacin, and dexamethasone) on neurogenesis of hESCs over 28 days were examined based on cytotoxicity (half-maximal inhibitory concentration of viability, IC50) and expression of neural markers. Cytosine arabinoside, 5-fluorouracil, and hydroxyurea showed strong cytotoxicity (IC50 < 10 μM), whereas indomethacin and dexamethasone had weaker cytotoxic effects. Dose-dependent expression profiles of neural markers in the compound-treated groups are presented in triangular charts to allow comparison with the standard expression levels in the control group. Differences in compound-specific reductions in expression patterns of GAD1, OLIG2, FABP, and NES were similar to the differences in cytotoxic strength. Cytosine arabinoside diminished nestin and β3-tubulin in neural differentiated hESCs. The results of this study extend the understanding of how differentiated hESCs may be useful for assessment of cell viability or neurogenesis impairment by chemicals that could have effects during the embryonic stage, particularly during neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Kang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Seowon-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
- Predictive Model Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - E J Hong
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Seowon-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Kang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Seowon-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - C Ahn
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Seowon-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - E B Jeung
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Seowon-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea.
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21
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Ha EJ, Cho WS, Kim JE, Cho YD, Choi HH, Kim T, Bang JS, Hwang G, Kwon OK, Oh CW, Han MH, Kang HS. Prophylactic Antiplatelet Medication in Endovascular Treatment of Intracranial Aneurysms: Low-Dose Prasugrel versus Clopidogrel. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2016; 37:2060-2065. [PMID: 27390320 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Prophylactic antiplatelet medication is beneficial in decreasing thromboembolic complications during endovascular treatment of unruptured intracranial aneurysms. The efficacy may be limited by variability of individual response to antiplatelet medication, especially clopidogrel. We compared the efficacy of 2 antiplatelet medications, low-dose prasugrel and clopidogrel, in patients undergoing endovascular treatment of unruptured aneurysms. MATERIALS AND METHODS From November 2014 to July 2015, 194 patients with a total of 222 unruptured aneurysms underwent endovascular treatment at a single institution. Laboratory and clinical data from the prospectively maintained registry were used in this study. Antiplatelet medication was given the day before endovascular treatment (prasugrel 20 mg or 30 mg or clopidogrel 300 mg). Response to the antiplatelet medication was measured by the VerifyNow system. Periprocedural adverse event rates between the 2 groups were compared. RESULTS There were no significant differences in the baseline characteristics of patients and aneurysms between the 2 groups. The P2Y12 reaction unit values were lower (clopidogrel group versus prasugrel group, 242.7 ± 69.8 vs 125.7 ± 79.4; P < .0001) and percentage inhibition values were higher (22.1% ± 19.7% vs 60.2 ± 24.7%; P < .0001) in the prasugrel group. There were no thromboembolic events, but there was 1 procedural bleed in each group, without any clinical consequences. CONCLUSIONS The prasugrel group showed more effective and consistent platelet inhibition. We may omit the antiplatelet response assay with the low-dose prasugrel premedication before the endovascular treatment of patients with unruptured aneurysms. Further study is required to determine whether there is benefit of this strategy regarding clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J Ha
- From the Departments of Neurosurgery (E.J.H., W.S.C., J.E.K., H.S.K.)
| | - W S Cho
- From the Departments of Neurosurgery (E.J.H., W.S.C., J.E.K., H.S.K.)
| | - J E Kim
- From the Departments of Neurosurgery (E.J.H., W.S.C., J.E.K., H.S.K.)
| | - Y D Cho
- Radiology (Y.D.C., M.H.H.), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - H H Choi
- Department of Neurosurgery (H.H.C.), Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Gyeonggi, Korea
| | - T Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery (T.K., J.S.B., G.H., O.K.K., C.W.O.), Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi, Korea
| | - J S Bang
- Department of Neurosurgery (T.K., J.S.B., G.H., O.K.K., C.W.O.), Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi, Korea
| | - G Hwang
- Department of Neurosurgery (T.K., J.S.B., G.H., O.K.K., C.W.O.), Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi, Korea
| | - O K Kwon
- Department of Neurosurgery (T.K., J.S.B., G.H., O.K.K., C.W.O.), Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi, Korea
| | - C W Oh
- Department of Neurosurgery (T.K., J.S.B., G.H., O.K.K., C.W.O.), Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi, Korea
| | - M H Han
- Radiology (Y.D.C., M.H.H.), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - H S Kang
- From the Departments of Neurosurgery (E.J.H., W.S.C., J.E.K., H.S.K.)
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22
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Park GN, Kim SH, Kang HS, Lee HR, Jo HJ, Jeoung HY, An DJ, Chang KS. Isolation frequency and epidemiological characterization of yeast-like fungi and co-infected bacteria isolated from clinical patient. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.5897/jyfr2015.0160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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23
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Park C, Kang HS, Jeong J, Kang I, Choi K, Yoo MS, Kim YH, Kang SW, Lim HY, Yoon BS, Chae C. In-situ Hybridization for the Detection of Sacbrood Virus in Infected Larvae of the Honey Bee (Apis cerana). J Comp Pathol 2016; 154:258-62. [PMID: 26852344 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2015.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop and use in-situ hybridization (ISH) for the detection and localization of the sacbrood virus (SBV) in Korean honey bee (Apis cerana) larvae that were infected naturally with SBV. A 258 base pair cDNA probe for SBV was generated by polymerase chain reaction. Cells positive for viral genome typically showed a dark brown reaction in the cytoplasm. SBV was detected consistently in trophocytes and urocytes. The ISH was successfully applied to routinely fixed and processed tissues and thus should prove helpful in the diagnosis and characterization of viral distribution in infected larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Park
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Kang
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J Jeong
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - I Kang
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K Choi
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M-S Yoo
- National Veterinary Research Quarantine Service, 480 Anyang 6-dong, Anyang-City, Republic of Korea
| | - Y-H Kim
- National Veterinary Research Quarantine Service, 480 Anyang 6-dong, Anyang-City, Republic of Korea
| | - S-W Kang
- National Veterinary Research Quarantine Service, 480 Anyang 6-dong, Anyang-City, Republic of Korea
| | - H-Y Lim
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Science, Kyonggi University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - B-S Yoon
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Science, Kyonggi University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - C Chae
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Lopez BM, Kang HS, Kim TH, Viterbo VS, Kim HS, Na CS, Seo KS. Optimization of Swine Breeding Programs Using Genomic Selection with ZPLAN. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2016; 29:640-5. [PMID: 26954222 PMCID: PMC4852224 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.15.0842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the present conventional selection program of a swine nucleus farm and compare it with a new selection strategy employing genomic enhanced breeding value (GEBV) as the selection criteria. The ZPLAN+ software was employed to calculate and compare the genetic gain, total cost, return and profit of each selection strategy. The first strategy reflected the current conventional breeding program, which was a progeny test system (CS). The second strategy was a selection scheme based strictly on genomic information (GS1). The third scenario was the same as GS1, but the selection by GEBV was further supplemented by the performance test (GS2). The last scenario was a mixture of genomic information and progeny tests (GS3). The results showed that the accuracy of the selection index of young boars of GS1 was 26% higher than that of CS. On the other hand, both GS2 and GS3 gave 31% higher accuracy than CS for young boars. The annual monetary genetic gain of GS1, GS2 and GS3 was 10%, 12%, and 11% higher, respectively, than that of CS. As expected, the discounted costs of genomic selection strategies were higher than those of CS. The costs of GS1, GS2 and GS3 were 35%, 73%, and 89% higher than those of CS, respectively, assuming a genotyping cost of $120. As a result, the discounted profit per animal of GS1 and GS2 was 8% and 2% higher, respectively, than that of CS while GS3 was 6% lower. Comparison among genomic breeding scenarios revealed that GS1 was more profitable than GS2 and GS3. The genomic selection schemes, especially GS1 and GS2, were clearly superior to the conventional scheme in terms of monetary genetic gain and profit.
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Affiliation(s)
- B M Lopez
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 540-742, Korea
| | - H S Kang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 540-742, Korea
| | - T H Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 540-742, Korea
| | - V S Viterbo
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 540-742, Korea
| | - H S Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 540-742, Korea
| | - C S Na
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonbuk 561-756, Korea
| | - K S Seo
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 540-742, Korea
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25
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Feracci M, Foot JN, Grellscheid SN, Danilenko M, Stehle R, Gonchar O, Kang HS, Dalgliesh C, Meyer NH, Liu Y, Lahat A, Sattler M, Eperon IC, Elliott DJ, Dominguez C. Structural basis of RNA recognition and dimerization by the STAR proteins T-STAR and Sam68. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10355. [PMID: 26758068 PMCID: PMC4735526 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sam68 and T-STAR are members of the STAR family of proteins that directly link signal transduction with post-transcriptional gene regulation. Sam68 controls the alternative splicing of many oncogenic proteins. T-STAR is a tissue-specific paralogue that regulates the alternative splicing of neuronal pre-mRNAs. STAR proteins differ from most splicing factors, in that they contain a single RNA-binding domain. Their specificity of RNA recognition is thought to arise from their property to homodimerize, but how dimerization influences their function remains unknown. Here, we establish at atomic resolution how T-STAR and Sam68 bind to RNA, revealing an unexpected mode of dimerization different from other members of the STAR family. We further demonstrate that this unique dimerization interface is crucial for their biological activity in splicing regulation, and suggest that the increased RNA affinity through dimer formation is a crucial parameter enabling these proteins to select their functional targets within the transcriptome. Sam68 and T-STAR are members of the STAR family of proteins, which regulate various aspects of RNA metabolism. Here, the authors reveal structural features required for alternative splicing regulation by these proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikael Feracci
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Henry Wellcome Building, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - Jaelle N Foot
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Henry Wellcome Building, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - Sushma N Grellscheid
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Marina Danilenko
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Ralf Stehle
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich at Biomolecular NMR Spectroscopy, Department Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, DE-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Oksana Gonchar
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Henry Wellcome Building, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - Hyun-Seo Kang
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich at Biomolecular NMR Spectroscopy, Department Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, DE-85747 Garching, Germany.,Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, DE-85764 Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Caroline Dalgliesh
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - N Helge Meyer
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich at Biomolecular NMR Spectroscopy, Department Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, DE-85747 Garching, Germany.,Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, DE-85764 Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Yilei Liu
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Albert Lahat
- School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Michael Sattler
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich at Biomolecular NMR Spectroscopy, Department Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, DE-85747 Garching, Germany.,Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, DE-85764 Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Ian C Eperon
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Henry Wellcome Building, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - David J Elliott
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Cyril Dominguez
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Henry Wellcome Building, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
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26
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Lee SH, Han JH, Jin YY, Lee IH, Hong HR, Kang HS. Poor physical fitness is independently associated with mild cognitive impairment in elderly Koreans. Biol Sport 2015; 33:57-62. [PMID: 26985135 PMCID: PMC4786587 DOI: 10.5604/20831862.1185889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Revised: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between physical fitness and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in elderly Koreans. This was a cross-sectional study that involved 134 men and 299 women aged 65 to 88 years. Six senior fitness tests were used as independent variables: 30 s chair stand for lower body strength, arm curl for upper body strength, chair-sit-and-reach for lower body flexibility, back scratch for upper body flexibility, 8-ft up-and-go for agility/dynamic balance, and 2-min walk for aerobic endurance. Global cognitive function was assessed using the Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Potential covariates such as age, education levels, blood lipids, and insulin resistance (IR) markers were also assessed. Compared to individuals without MMSE-based MCI, individuals with MMSE-based MCI had poor physical fitness based on the senior fitness test (SFT). There were significant positive trends observed for education level (p=0.001) and MMSE score (p<0.001) across incremental levels of physical fitness in this study population. Individuals with moderate (OR=0.341, p=0.006) and high (OR=0.271, p=0.007) physical fitness based on a composite score of the SFT measures were less likely to have MMSE-based MCI than individuals with low physical fitness (referent, OR=1). The strength of the association between moderate (OR=0.377, p=0.038) or high (OR=0.282, p=0.050) physical fitness and MMSE-based MCI was somewhat attenuated but remained statistically significant even after adjustment for the measured compounding factors. We found that poor physical fitness was independently associated with MMSE-based MCI in elderly Koreans.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Lee
- The Division of Humanities and Social Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Han
- College of Sport Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Y Jin
- College of Sport Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - I H Lee
- College of Sport Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - H R Hong
- College of Sport Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Kang
- College of Sport Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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Wang N, Kang HS, Ahmmed G, Khan SA, Makarenko VV, Prabhakar NR, Nanduri J. Calpain activation by ROS mediates human ether-a-go-go-related gene protein degradation by intermittent hypoxia. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2015; 310:C329-36. [PMID: 26659724 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00231.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Human ether-a-go-go-related gene (hERG) channels conduct delayed rectifier K(+) current. However, little information is available on physiological situations affecting hERG channel protein and function. In the present study we examined the effects of intermittent hypoxia (IH), which is a hallmark manifestation of sleep apnea, on hERG channel protein and function. Experiments were performed on SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, which express hERG protein. Cells were exposed to IH consisting of alternating cycles of 30 s of hypoxia (1.5% O2) and 5 min of 20% O2. IH decreased hERG protein expression in a stimulus-dependent manner. A similar reduction in hERG protein was also seen in adrenal medullary chromaffin cells from IH-exposed neonatal rats. The decreased hERG protein was associated with attenuated hERG K(+) current. IH-evoked hERG protein degradation was not due to reduced transcription or increased proteosome/lysomal degradation. Rather it was mediated by calcium-activated calpain proteases. Both COOH- and NH2-terminal sequences of the hERG protein were the targets of calpain-dependent degradation. IH increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]i), calpain enzyme activity, and hERG protein degradation, and all these effects were prevented by manganese-(111)-tetrakis-(1-methyl-4-pyridyl)-porphyrin pentachloride, a membrane-permeable ROS scavenger. These results demonstrate that activation of calpains by ROS-dependent elevation of [Ca(2+)]i mediates hERG protein degradation by IH.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Wang
- Institute for Integrative Physiology, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - H S Kang
- Institute for Integrative Physiology, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - G Ahmmed
- Institute for Integrative Physiology, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - S A Khan
- Institute for Integrative Physiology, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - V V Makarenko
- Institute for Integrative Physiology, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - N R Prabhakar
- Institute for Integrative Physiology, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - J Nanduri
- Institute for Integrative Physiology, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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28
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Seo M, Kang HS, Lee YJ, Chae SM. Narrative therapy with an emotional approach for people with depression: Improved symptom and cognitive-emotional outcomes. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs 2015; 22:379-89. [PMID: 25753316 DOI: 10.1111/jpm.12200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
ACCESSIBLE SUMMARY Narrative therapy is a useful approach in the treatment of depression that allows that person to 're-author' his/her life stories by focusing on positive interpretations, and such focus on positive emotions is a crucial component of treatment for depression. This paper evaluates narrative therapy with an emotional approach (NTEA) as a therapeutic modality that could be used by nurses for persons with depression. A nurse-administered NTEA intervention for people with depression appears effective in increasing cognitive-emotional outcomes, such as hope, positive emotions and decreasing symptoms of depression. Thus, NTEA can be a useful nursing intervention strategy for people with depression. ABSTRACT Narrative therapy, which allows a person to 're-author' his/her life stories by focusing on positive interpretations, and emotion-focused therapy, which enables the person to realize his/her emotions, are useful approaches in the treatment of depression. Narrative therapy with an emotional approach (NTEA) aims to create new positive life narratives that focus on alternative stories instead of negative stories. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of the NTEA programme on people with depression utilizing a quasi-experimental design. A total of 50 patients (experimental 24, control 26) participated in the study. The experimental group completed eight sessions of the NTEA programme. The effects of the programme were measured using a self-awareness scale, the Nowotny Hope Scale, the Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale, and the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale. The two groups were homogeneous. There were significant differences in hope, positive and negative emotions, and depression between the experimental and control group. The results established that NTEA can be a useful nursing intervention strategy for people with depression by focusing on positive experiences and by helping depressed patients develop a positive identity through authoring affirmative life stories.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Seo
- Department of Counseling, Dankook University, Seoul, Korea
| | - H S Kang
- Red Cross College of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y J Lee
- Department of Nursing, Daegu Health College, Daegu, Korea
| | - S M Chae
- College of Nursing, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Kang HS, Lopez BM, Kim TH, Kim HS, Kim SH, Nam KC, Seo KS. Estimation of Genetic Parameters for Pork Belly Components in Yorkshire Pigs. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2015; 28:922-5. [PMID: 26104395 PMCID: PMC4478500 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.14.0678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to estimate the genetic parameters for pork belly traits and muscles in Yorkshire pigs. Each pork belly was cut into nine parts perpendicular to the thoracic vertebrae (6th to 14th). Traits of belly muscles including the deep pectoral, latissimus dorsi, cutaneous trunci, rectus abdominis, external and internal abdominal oblique from 382 purebred pigs were recorded and analyzed using SAS Package (9.1) and Derivative-free restricted maximum likelihood methods. Heritability estimates for belly traits ranged from 0.27 to 0.49, while they were 0.12 to 0.66 for belly muscles. Moderate to high heritability estimates were noted in belly weight (0.33), belly length (0.28), and belly width (0.49). In belly muscles, the latissimus dorsi and deep pectoral, which are located only in the 6th to 9th vertebrae sections, were found to have heritability estimates ranging from 0.21 to 0.29 and 0.23 to 0.35, respectively. Strong heritability estimates were observed in the 7th to 13th sections of cutaneous trunci muscle ranging from 0.42 to 0.66. Genetic correlations of latissimus dorsi m. with belly length were positive (0.50), while cutaneous trunci m. with belly weight also revealed a positive relationship that ranged from 0.35 to 0.47. The estimated genetic parameters indicate that belly weight can be improved by genetic selection. Differences in the levels of heritability occurred among various parameters of Yorkshire pork belly, which should be considered when performing selection to improve pork belly quality. Moreover, these results can provide valuable information that can be used as the basis for further investigations to improve pork belly.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Kang
- Pig Gene Korea Co. Ltd., Anseong 456-749, Korea
| | - B M Lopez
- Pig Gene Korea Co. Ltd., Anseong 456-749, Korea
| | - T H Kim
- Pig Gene Korea Co. Ltd., Anseong 456-749, Korea
| | - H S Kim
- Pig Gene Korea Co. Ltd., Anseong 456-749, Korea
| | - S H Kim
- Pig Gene Korea Co. Ltd., Anseong 456-749, Korea
| | - K C Nam
- Pig Gene Korea Co. Ltd., Anseong 456-749, Korea
| | - K S Seo
- Pig Gene Korea Co. Ltd., Anseong 456-749, Korea
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30
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Cabling MM, Kang HS, Lopez BM, Jang M, Kim HS, Nam KC, Choi JG, Seo KS. Estimation of Genetic Associations between Production and Meat Quality Traits in Duroc Pigs. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2015; 28:1061-5. [PMID: 26104512 PMCID: PMC4478472 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.14.0783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Data collected from 690 purebred Duroc pigs from 2009 to 2012 were used to estimate the heritability, and genetic and phenotypic correlations between production and meat quality traits. Variance components were obtained through the restricted maximum likelihood procedure using Wombat and SAS version 9.0. Animals were raised under the same management in five different breeding farms. The average daily gain, loin muscle area (LMA), backfat thickness (BF), and lean percent (LP) were measured as production traits. Meat quality traits included pH, cooking loss, lightness (L*), redness (a*), yellowness (b*), marbling score (MS), moisture content (MC), water holding capacity (WHC), and shear force. The results showed that the heritability estimates for meat quality traits varied largely from 0.19 to 0.79. Production traits were moderate to highly heritable from 0.41 to 0.73. Genotypically, the BF was positively correlated (p<0.05) with MC (0.786), WHC (0.904), and pH (0.328) but negatively correlated with shear force (−0.533). The results of genetic correlations indicated that selection for less BF could decrease pH, moisture content, and WHC and increase the shear force of meat. Additionally, a significant positive correlation was recorded between average daily gain and WHC, which indicates pork from faster-growing animals has higher WHC. Furthermore, selection for larger LMA and LP could increase MS and lightness color of meat. The meat quality and production traits could be improved simultaneously if desired. Hence, to avoid further deterioration of pork characteristics, appropriate selection of traits should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Cabling
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suncheon 540-950, Korea
| | - H S Kang
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suncheon 540-950, Korea
| | - B M Lopez
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suncheon 540-950, Korea
| | - M Jang
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suncheon 540-950, Korea
| | - H S Kim
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suncheon 540-950, Korea
| | - K C Nam
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suncheon 540-950, Korea
| | - J G Choi
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suncheon 540-950, Korea
| | - K S Seo
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suncheon 540-950, Korea
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Lee SH, Hong HR, Han TK, Kang HS. Aerobic training increases the expression of adiponectin receptor genes in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of young men. Biol Sport 2015; 32:181-6. [PMID: 26424919 PMCID: PMC4577554 DOI: 10.5604/20831862.1150298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Revised: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the effect of exercise training on the expression of adiponectin receptor genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). In this study, we investigated the effects of aerobic training on the expression of AdipoR1 and AidpoR2 mRNAs in PBMCs, whole body insulin sensitivity, and circulating adiponectins in men. Thirty young men were randomly assigned to either a control (n=15) or an exercise (n=15) group. Subjects assigned to the exercise group underwent a 12-week jogging and/or running programme on a motor-driven treadmill at an intensity of 60%-75% of the age-based maximum heart rate with duration of 40 minutes per session and a frequency of 5 days per week. Two-way mixed ANOVA with repeated measures was used to test any significant time-by-group interaction effects for the measured variables at p=0.05. We found significant time-by-group interaction effects for waist circumference (p=0.001), VO2max (p<0.001), fasting insulin (p=0.016), homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (p=0.010), area under the curve (AUC) for insulin response during the 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (p=0.002), high-molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin (p=0.016), and the PBMC mRNA levels of AdipoR1 (p<0.001) and AdipoR2 (p=0.001). The exercise group had significantly increased mRNA levels of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 in PBMCs, along with increased whole body insulin sensitivity and HMW adiponectin, decreased waist circumference, and increased VO2max compared with the control group. In summary, the current findings suggest that exercise training modulates the expression of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 mRNAs in PBMCs, implying that manipulation of the expression of these genes could be a potential surrogate for lifestyle intervention-mediated improvements of whole body insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Lee
- Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - H R Hong
- College of Sport Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - T K Han
- College of Sport Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Kang
- College of Sport Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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32
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Dang CG, Cho SH, Sharma A, Kim HC, Jeon GJ, Yeon SH, Hong SK, Park BY, Kang HS, Lee SH. Genome-wide Association Study for Warner-Bratzler Shear Force and Sensory Traits in Hanwoo (Korean Cattle). Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2014; 27:1328-35. [PMID: 25178377 PMCID: PMC4150200 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2013.13690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Revised: 03/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Significant SNPs associated with Warner-Bratzler (WB) shear force and sensory traits were confirmed for Hanwoo beef (Korean cattle). A Bonferroni-corrected genome-wide significant association (p<1.3×10−6) was detected with only one single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) on chromosome 5 for WB shear force. A slightly higher number of SNPs was significantly (p<0.001) associated with WB shear force than with other sensory traits. Further, 50, 25, 29, and 34 SNPs were significantly associated with WB shear force, tenderness, juiciness, and flavor likeness, respectively. The SNPs between p = 0.001 and p = 0.0001 thresholds explained 3% to 9% of the phenotypic variance, while the most significant SNPs accounted for 7% to 12% of the phenotypic variance. In conclusion, because WB shear force and sensory evaluation were moderately affected by a few loci and minimally affected by other loci, further studies are required by using a large sample size and high marker density.
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Affiliation(s)
- C G Dang
- Animal Product Research and Development Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-706, Korea
| | - S H Cho
- Animal Product Research and Development Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-706, Korea
| | - A Sharma
- Animal Product Research and Development Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-706, Korea
| | - H C Kim
- Animal Product Research and Development Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-706, Korea
| | - G J Jeon
- Animal Product Research and Development Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-706, Korea
| | - S H Yeon
- Animal Product Research and Development Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-706, Korea
| | - S K Hong
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-706, Korea
| | - B Y Park
- Animal Product Research and Development Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-706, Korea
| | - H S Kang
- Animal Product Research and Development Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-706, Korea
| | - S H Lee
- Animal Product Research and Development Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-706, Korea
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33
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Shen YN, Kim SH, Yoon DH, Lee HG, Kang HS, Seo KS. Proteome Analysis of Bovine Longissimus dorsi Muscle Associated with the Marbling Score. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2014; 25:1083-8. [PMID: 25049666 PMCID: PMC4092992 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2012.12127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2012] [Revised: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 04/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The breeding value of marbling score in skeletal muscle is an important factor for evaluating beef quality. In the present study, we investigated proteins associated with the breeding value of the marbling score for bovine sirloin to select potential biomarkers to improve meat quality through comparative proteomic analysis. Proteins isolated from muscle were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. After analyzing images of the stained gel, seven protein spots for the high marbling score group were identified corresponding to changes in expression that were at least two-fold compared to the low marbling score group. Four spots with increased intensities in the high marbling score group were identified as phosphoglycerate kinase 1, triosephophate isomerase, acidic ribosomal phosphoprotein PO, and capping protein (actin filament) Z-line alpha 2. Spots with decreased intensities in the high marbling score group compared to the low score group were identified as 14-3-3 epsilon, carbonic anhydrase II, and myosin light chain 1. Expression of myosin light chain 1 and carbonic anhydrase 2 was confirmed by Western blotting. Taken together, these data could help improve the economic performance of cattle and provide useful information about the underlying the function of bovine skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y N Shen
- Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, 26 Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - S H Kim
- Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, 26 Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - D H Yoon
- Department of Animal Science, Kyungpook National University, 386 Gajang-dong Sangju, Kyungpuk, 742-711, Korea
| | - H G Lee
- Department of Bio-Resources, Natural Resource and Life Science, Busan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - H S Kang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, Korea
| | - K S Seo
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, Korea
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34
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Li YX, Cabling MM, Kang HS, Kim TS, Yeom SC, Sohn YG, Kim SH, Nam KC, Seo KS. Comparison and correlation analysis of different Swine breeds meat quality. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2014; 26:905-10. [PMID: 25049866 PMCID: PMC4093505 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2012.12622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2012] [Revised: 04/05/2013] [Accepted: 01/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study was performed to determine the influence of pig breed and gender on the ultimate pH and physicochemical properties of pork. The correlations between pH and pork quality traits directly related to carcass grade, and consumer’s preference were also evaluated. The pH and meat grading scores for cold carcasses of 215 purebred pigs (Duroc, Landrace, and Yorkshire) from four different farms were obtained. Meat quality parameters of the pork loin were analyzed. Duroc and female animals were more affected compared to other breeds and male pigs. Duroc animals had the highest ultimate pH, carcass back fat thickness, marbling scores, yellowness, and fat content (p<0.05). Landrace pigs had the highest color lightness and cooking loss values (p<0.05). Among all trait parameters, marbling scores showed the highest significant differences when evaluating the impact of breed and gender on meat quality characteristics (p<0.001). Ultimate pH was positively correlated with carcass weight (0.20), back fat thickness (0.19), marbling score (0.17), and color score (0.16) while negatively correlated with cooking loss (−0.24) and shear force (−0.20). Therefore, pork samples with lower ultimate pH had lower cooking loss, higher lightness, and higher shear force values irrespective of breed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y X Li
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 540-742, Korea
| | - M M Cabling
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 540-742, Korea
| | - H S Kang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 540-742, Korea
| | - T S Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 540-742, Korea
| | - S C Yeom
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 540-742, Korea
| | - Y G Sohn
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 540-742, Korea
| | - S H Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 540-742, Korea
| | - K C Nam
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 540-742, Korea
| | - K S Seo
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 540-742, Korea
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35
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Kang HS, Yang H, Ahn C, Kang HY, Hong EJ, Jaung EB. Effects of xenoestrogens on streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. J Physiol Pharmacol 2014; 65:273-282. [PMID: 24781736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In diabetic mellitus, apoptotic or necrotic deaths of pancreatic β-cells lead to insulin deficiency because plasma insulin is synthesized and released from pancreatic β-cells and involved with blood glucose homeostasis. Since estrogen receptors have been related with glucose metabolis, estrogen-like chemicals (xenoestrogens) including bisphenol A (BPA) and octylphenol (OP) alter the endocrine system, and cause adverse health consequences such as obesity and diabetes. In the current study, levels of plasma glucose were evaluated after administration of BPA and OP using biochemical analysis, and were investigated in insulin and insulin synthesis-related genes in the pancreas and liver of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced insulin-deficient mice. Although the STZ-induced insulin-deficient groups showed an increase in blood glucose compared with control groups, the induced blood glucose level dropped to that of baseline after administration of xenoestrogens. When insulin level and mRNA expression of insulin transcriptional regulators (Pdx1, Mafa, and Neurod1) in pancreatic β-cells were decreased in STZ-induced insulin-deficient groups, they were significantly restored by administration of xenoestrogens. The latter observation is also related to NF-κB activation for anti-apoptosis effects in pancreatic β-cells. In addition, we observed a complementary convergence in regulation of gluconeogenesis for determination of blood glucose levels. Therefore, the current study may be particularly important for assessment of xenoestrogens under condition of diabetic mellitus or metabolic disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Kang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea.
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You JY, Song EJ, Lee MH, Jung SY, Lee SY, Kang HS, Lee ES. Abstract P1-01-19: Role of axillary clearance with tumor positive sentinel node in mastectomy group: Is the results of ACOSOG Z0011 trial adaptable to mastectomy patient? Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs13-p1-01-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Recent data from ACOSOG Z0011 trial or AMAROS trial suggest that axillary lymph node dissection(ALND) may be unnecessary for patients with positive sentinel lymph node biopsy(SLNB) receiving breast conserving surgery(BCS) with irradiation. However, consensus statements and guidelines until recently recommended that patients with mastectomy and tumor positive sentinel node undergo completion ALND. In this preliminary study, we compared these patients who did not undergo ALND with the patients who received BCS with SLNB only and irradiation and we analyzed the locoregional recurrence rate to show no differences of outcomes between two groups.
Method: We identified 6,163 women with invasive breast cancer who underwent surgical resection at the National Cancer Center (Goyang,Gyeonggi-do,Korea) between January 2000 to December 2011. Clinico-pathological data obtained from prospective collecting medical database of our institution were analyzed retrospectively. The mastectomy with positive SLNB group was 47 patients and BCS with positive SLNB and irradiation group was 172 patients. The primary end point was loco-regional recurrence rate.
Result : Clinical and tumor characteristics were similar between two groups except T stage and receptor status. The mean tumor size was 5.5cm with mastectomy group and 3.5cm with BCS group. The median number of nodes removed was three. There was not a single case of locoregional recurrence in both groups. At a median follow-up of 53.5 months (last follow-up, May 2013), 5-year overall survival was 85.7% with mastectomy and 97.3% with BCS group.
Conclusion : In our study, there was no case of locoregional recurrence as above. This results lend weight to the argument that SLNB without ALND may be reasonable management for selected patients with appropriate surgery and adjuvant systemic therapy. This study can be regarded as a preliminary study with a sufficient value despite of the prognosis showed some statistical differences between two groups. It resides in the difference of initial stage of patients of two groups. We will present additional data compared with the mastectomy with axillary clearance group at the meeting.
Acknowledgement This work was supported by grant from the National Cancer Center Korea (1210331-2).
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P1-01-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- JY You
- Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - EJ Song
- Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - MH Lee
- Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - SY Jung
- Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - SY Lee
- Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - HS Kang
- Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - ES Lee
- Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
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Kwon HJ, Sung BK, Kim JW, Lee JH, Kim ND, Yoo MA, Kang HS, Baek HS, Bae SJ, Choi JS, Takahashi R, Goto S, Chung HY. The effect of lipopolysaccharide on enhanced inflammatory process with age: Modulation of NF-κB. J Am Aging Assoc 2013; 24:163-71. [PMID: 23604881 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-001-0017-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is thought to be a causative factor for age-related damage in a wide variety of cellular constituents that can lead to dysfunction and various pathological conditions, including the inflammatory process. At the molecular level, the redox-sensitive transcription factor, NF-κB plays a key role in the regulation of the inflammatory process, along with cytokines, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). We studied the mechanism underlying the modulation of the inflammatory reaction with age by investigating NF-κB activation and the expression of COX-2, iNOS, and cytokines genes in hepatic tissues isolated from young and old rats. We expanded our investigation of these factors in rats injected with the inflammatory activator, lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Data showed that NF-κB activity was up-regulated with age and was further enhanced by LPS injection, indicating an increased susceptibility and sensitivity to the inflammatory stimulus with age. To explore further the molecular events leading to NF-κB activation, we investigated the inhibitory component of NF-κB complex, IκB. Cytosolic IκBα, but not IκBβ, was significantly decreased in both old and LPS-treated rats, signifying the enhanced migration of cytosolic NF-κB complex into the nucleus following dissociation from the inhibitor. The appearance of the polypeptide, p65, as determined in the nucleus, corresponded with the change in IκBα, providing further supporting evidence for the molecular process involved in NF-κB activation. Our additional investigation of two proinflammatory-related enzymes, COX-2 and iNOS, and three cytokines, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α, clearly showed aged-related increases, in corroboration with the NF-κB activation. Our results demonstrated that LPS injection caused the enhanced gene expression of inducible proinflammatory proteins, COX-2 and iNOS through NF-κB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Pusan, 609-735 Korea
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Oh KJ, Lee JW, Yun BL, Kwon ST, Park KW, Yeom JS, Kang HS. Comparison of MR imaging findings between extraligamentous and subligamentous disk herniations in the lumbar spine. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2013; 34:683-7. [PMID: 22954743 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a3258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The method of treating an HIVD in the lumbar spine may depend on the integrity of the PLL. The purpose of this study was to analyze and compare the MR imaging findings of extraligamentous and subligamentous HIVDs in the lumbar spine. MATERIAL AND METHODS One hundred seventeen patients (M/F = 71:46; mean age, 47 years; age range, 15-79 years) underwent lumbar spine MR imaging and disk surgery (extraligamentous/subligamentous = 66:51) from May 2003 to November 2006. Two radiologists in consensus retrospectively reviewed all MR images, focusing on 10 criteria. RESULTS The following 5 criteria are suggestive of extraligamentous HIVD in the lumbar spine: 1) spinal canal compromised for more than half its dimension, 2) internal signal difference in the HIVD, 3) an ill-defined margin of the HIVD, 4) disruption of the continuous low-signal-intensity line covering the HIVD, and 5) the presence of an internal dark line in the HIVD (P < .05). When we combined these 5 MR imaging criteria, the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and odds ratio were 77.3%, 74.5%, 76.1%, and 9.93 (P < .0001). CONCLUSIONS Our proposed 5 MR imaging criteria will be helpful in differentiating extraligamentous and subligamentous HIVDs in the lumbar spine.
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Affiliation(s)
- K-J Oh
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeongi-Do, South Korea
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Wang T, Oh JJ, Lim JN, Hong JE, Kim JH, Kim JH, Kang HS, Choi YJ, Lee HG. Effects of Lactation Stage and Individual Performance on Milk cis-9, trans-11 Conjugated Linoleic Acids Content in Dairy Cows. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2013; 26:189-94. [PMID: 25049775 PMCID: PMC4093165 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2012.12466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2012] [Revised: 10/18/2012] [Accepted: 10/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of lactation stage and individual performance on milk cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) content in dairy cows. In experiment 1, the milk cis-9, trans-11 CLA content from dairy cows in early (0.33±0.014%), middle (0.37±0.010%), and late stages (0.44±0.020%) showed significant differences (p<0.05); and the individual contents of the major fatty acids, especially cis-9, trans-11 CLA in cows of the same lactation were also variable. In the second experiment design as a validation test, our results once again showed that the individual contents of cis-9, trans-11 CLA were various, and a difference of about 2-fold (0.55% vs 0.95%) was observed, although the animals were offered same diet. These data demonstrated that lactation stage and individual performance have considerable effects on milk cis-9, trans-11 CLA contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Wang
- Research and Technology Center, Cargill Agri Purina, Seongnam 463-808, Korea
| | - J J Oh
- Research and Technology Center, Cargill Agri Purina, Seongnam 463-808, Korea
| | - J N Lim
- Research and Technology Center, Cargill Agri Purina, Seongnam 463-808, Korea
| | - J E Hong
- Research and Technology Center, Cargill Agri Purina, Seongnam 463-808, Korea
| | - J H Kim
- Research and Technology Center, Cargill Agri Purina, Seongnam 463-808, Korea
| | - J H Kim
- Research and Technology Center, Cargill Agri Purina, Seongnam 463-808, Korea
| | - H S Kang
- Research and Technology Center, Cargill Agri Purina, Seongnam 463-808, Korea
| | - Y J Choi
- Laboratory of Animal Cell Biotechnology, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 157-921, Korea
| | - H G Lee
- Research and Technology Center, Cargill Agri Purina, Seongnam 463-808, Korea
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Kang HS, Hong SN, Kim YS, Park HS, Kim BK, Lee JH, Kim SI, Lee TY, Kim JH, Lee SY, Sung IK, Shim CS. The efficacy of i-SCAN for detecting reflux esophagitis: a prospective randomized controlled trial. Dis Esophagus 2013; 26:204-11. [PMID: 23009249 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-2050.2012.01427.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
New imaging technologies have been applied in endoscopy to improve the detection and differentiation of subtle mucosal changes using a digital contrast method. Among them, i-SCAN technology is the most recently developed image-enhancing technology. We investigated whether i-SCAN could improve the detection rate of reflux esophagitis. Interobserver agreement between endoscopists was compared with conventional white light (WL) endoscopic examination. We performed a prospective randomized controlled trial. A consecutive series of 514 subjects that underwent an esophagogastroduodenoscopy for health inspection were enrolled and randomized into the i-SCAN group (n = 246) and WL group (n = 268). An esophagogastroduodenoscopy with video recording was used for detecting reflux esophagitis, and reflux esophagitis were categorized by the modified Los Angeles (LA) classification. The total number of reflux esophagitis identified by WL and i-SCAN was 58 (21.7%) and 74 (30.1%), respectively. The diagnostic yield of reflux esophagitis was significantly higher (P = 0.034) in the i-SCAN group (30.1%) as compared to the WL group (21.6%). Using the modified LA classification, the detection rate of minimal changes was significantly higher (P = 0.017) in the i-SCAN group (11.8%) as compared to the WL group (5.6%), but the detection rates of LA-A and LA-B were not significantly different between the two groups (P = 0.897 and P = 0.311, respectively). After comparison of the interobserver agreement using randomly selected video clips, the i-SCAN group showed better agreement than the WL group (Kappa value, 0.793 vs. 0.473). Compared to WL endoscopy, applying i-SCAN in daily practice can improve the diagnostic yield of reflux esophagitis by detecting more minimal changes in the squamo-columnar junction of the esophagus and can improve the interobserver agreement of the modified Los Angeles classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Hwang I, An BS, Yang H, Kang HS, Jung EM, Jeung EB. Tissue-specific expression of occludin, zona occludens-1, and junction adhesion molecule A in the duodenum, ileum, colon, kidney, liver, lung, brain, and skeletal muscle of C57BL mice. J Physiol Pharmacol 2013; 64:11-18. [PMID: 23568966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Accepted: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Tight junctions are the most apically positioned intercellular junction and play many roles such as securing adjacent cells, forming barriers from extracellular materials, and facilitating paracellular transport. Occludin and junction adhesion molecule A (JAM-A) are classified as transmembrane proteins that are directly involved in paracellular transport. Zona occludens-1 (ZO-1) is a protein that contains a PDZ domain which forms a binding site for other tight junction proteins. In this study, we assessed the differential expression of these tight junction components in various mouse organs including the intestine (duodenum, ileum, and colon), kidney, liver, lung, brain, and skeletal muscle. Realtime PCR and Western blot assays were performed to measure the gene and protein expression of occludin, JAM-A, and ZO-1. Similar levels of occludin gene expression were detected in all tissues except for skeletal muscle in which occludin expression was not found. The JAM-A and ZO-1 genes were highly expressed in all the tested tissues. Localization of occludin, JAM-A, and ZO-1 was determined by immunohistochemistry. These proteins were detected in the intercellular apical junctions in each tissue except for occludin (which was not observed in skeletal muscle). These immunostaining data were consistent with the gene expression profiles we obtained. Our results suggest that occludin, JAM-A, and ZO-1 genes are normally expressed in the intestine, kidney, liver, lung, and brain indicating that these factors may be essential for maintaining appropriate physiological concentration of ions, solutes and water.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Hwang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-763 Republic of Korea
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Jin YC, Li ZH, Hong ZS, Xu CX, Han JA, Choi SH, Yin JL, Zhang QK, Lee KB, Kang SK, Song MK, Kim YJ, Kang HS, Choi YJ, Lee HG. Conjugated linoleic acid synthesis-related protein proteasome subunit α 5 (PSMA5) is increased by vaccenic acid treatment in goat mammary tissue. J Dairy Sci 2012; 95:4286-97. [PMID: 22818443 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2011-4281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2011] [Accepted: 03/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to identify proteins associated with the endogenous synthesis of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) from trans-vaccenic acid (TVA; trans-11 C18:1, a precursor for CLA endogenous synthesis) in mammary tissues. Six lactating goats were divided into 2 groups. One group was given an intravenous bolus injection of TVA (150mg) twice daily over 4 d; the other group received saline injections. Treatment with TVA increased the concentration of cis-9,trans-11 CLA and TVA in goat milk. Additionally, TVA treatment increased the expression of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) in mammary tissue. Using 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis and electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry, 3 proteins affected by infusions of TVA were identified. Proteasome (prosome, macropain) subunit α type 5 (PSMA5) was upregulated, whereas peroxiredoxin-1 and translationally controlled tumor protein 1 were downregulated in TVA-treated animals compared with the vehicle-injected controls. Only the effect of TVA on PSMA5 could be confirmed by Western blot analysis. To further explore the regulation of PSMA5 in mammary epithelial cells when TVA is converted into CLA, we used a differentiated bovine mammary epithelial cell line treated with TVA for 6h. Changes in cis-9,trans-11 CLA concentrations and mRNA expression patterns of both SCD and PSMA5 were monitored. The concentration of cis-9,trans-11 CLA increased after TVA treatment. The mRNA expression level of PSMA5 was significantly elevated to 6h, but SCD mRNA expression only increased in 2h after TVA treatment. These results indicate that PSMA5 is highly expressed in goat mammary tissue and bovine mammary epithelial cells when TVA is converted into CLA. Our data suggest that PSMA5 protein is associated with CLA biosynthesis in mammary tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Jin
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, People's Republic of China
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Zhang Y, Madl T, Bagdiul I, Kern T, Kang HS, Zou P, Mäusbacher N, Sieber SA, Krämer A, Sattler M. Structure, phosphorylation and U2AF65 binding of the N-terminal domain of splicing factor 1 during 3'-splice site recognition. Nucleic Acids Res 2012; 41:1343-54. [PMID: 23175611 PMCID: PMC3553976 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gks1097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Recognition of the 3'-splice site is a key step in pre-mRNA splicing and accomplished by a dynamic complex comprising splicing factor 1 (SF1) and the U2 snRNP auxiliary factor 65-kDa subunit (U2AF65). Both proteins mediate protein-protein and protein-RNA interactions for cooperative RNA-binding during spliceosome assembly. Here, we report the solution structure of a novel helix-hairpin domain in the N-terminal region of SF1 (SF1(NTD)). The nuclear magnetic resonance- and small-angle X-ray scattering-derived structure of a complex of the SF1(NTD) with the C-terminal U2AF homology motif domain of U2AF65 (U2AF65(UHM)) reveals that, in addition to the known U2AF65(UHM)-SF1 interaction, the helix-hairpin domain forms a secondary, hydrophobic interface with U2AF65(UHM), which locks the orientation of the two subunits. Mutational analysis shows that the helix hairpin is essential for cooperative formation of the ternary SF1-U2AF65-RNA complex. We further show that tandem serine phosphorylation of a conserved Ser80-Pro81-Ser82-Pro83 motif rigidifies a long unstructured linker in the SF1 helix hairpin. Phosphorylation does not significantly alter the overall conformations of SF1, SF1-U2AF65 or the SF1-U2AF65-RNA complexes, but slightly enhances RNA binding. Our results indicate that the helix-hairpin domain of SF1 is required for cooperative 3'-splice site recognition presumably by stabilizing a unique quaternary arrangement of the SF1-U2AF65-RNA complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhang
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
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Park IH, Han HS, Lee H, Lee KS, Kang HS, Lee S, Kim SW, Jung S, Ro J. Resumption or persistence of menstruation after cytotoxic chemotherapy is a prognostic factor for poor disease-free survival in premenopausal patients with early breast cancer. Ann Oncol 2012; 23:2283-2289. [PMID: 22377562 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mds006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the relationship between resumption or persistence of menstruation after cytotoxic chemotherapy (RM) and disease-free survival (DFS) in premenopausal patients with early breast cancer. METHODS Medical records from 872 patients who received cytotoxic chemotherapy for stage I to III breast cancer were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS The median patient age was 41 years (range, 21-54) and the median follow-up duration was 6.2 years (range, 0.7-10.4). Six hundred ninety-two patients (79.4%) were hormone receptor (HR) positive and the majority of these received tamoxifen therapy after completing chemotherapy. The chemotherapy-induced amenorrhea (CIA) rate was 76.7% (n = 669), and 51.8% (n = 452) experienced RM during the follow-up period. One hundred twenty-one (13.9%) patients had persistent menstruation without CIA. DFS was significantly affected by younger age at diagnosis (≤35 years) (P = 0.013), tumor size > 2 cm (P < 0.001), node positivity (P < 0.001), HR negativity (P < 0.001), HER2 positivity (P = 0.010), and RM (P < 0.001). HR negativity [hazard ratio 1.7, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2-2.4, P = 0.006], tumor size > 2 cm (hazard ratio 2.1, 95% CI 1.4-3.0, P < 0.001), node positivity (hazard ratio 3.0, 95% CI 2.0-4.7, P < 0.001), and RM (hazard ratio 1.8, 95% CI 1.2-2.7, P = 0.004) remained significant factors for DFS on multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS A considerable proportion of premenopausal patients treated with chemotherapy experienced RM after CIA. RM was a poor prognostic factor for DFS in premenopausal patients with early breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- I H Park
- Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang
| | - H S Han
- Department of Internal medicine, Chungbuk College of Medicine, Chungbuk
| | - H Lee
- Center for Clinical Trial, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - K S Lee
- Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang
| | - H S Kang
- Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang
| | - S Lee
- Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang
| | - S W Kim
- Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang
| | - S Jung
- Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang
| | - J Ro
- Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang.
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Abstract
Mothers of hemophilic children are under stressful situations because of the characteristics of disease and inheritance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the self-help group program for the mothers of hemophilic children. Fifty one mothers of hemophilic children were participated. The experiment group (n = 24) participated in the self-help group program for 5 weeks, while the control group (n = 27) received a self-help booklet only. Knowledge, self-efficacy, depression, parenting stress, and quality of life were evaluated using questionnaires. Data were analyzed using χ(2) -test, t-test, and analysis of covariance (ancova). The experiment and control groups were homogeneous in general characteristics and depending variables except knowledge (P < 0.05; P > 0.05, respectively). Knowledge, self-efficacy, and quality of life in the experiment group were increased after the program (P < 0.001). Especially, the knowledge in the experiment group was lower than the control group in pretest, but higher in the posttest (P < 0.001). Depression and parenting stress were reduced in the experiment group compared to the control group (P < 0.001). It is suggestive that the self-help group program can be a useful opportunity for mothers of hemophilic children to improve knowledge and self-efficay of child care and quality of life of themselves; to decrease depression and parenting stress. Extended application of the program to fathers or all family members may be needed to investigate in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Kang
- College of Nursing Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE CT is currently the method of choice for guiding biopsy of lesions of the spine. However, in our hospital, fluoroscopy-guided percutaneous biopsy has been preferred for several years because of equipment availability and easy craniocaudal angulation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of fluoroscopy-guided percutaneous biopsy in a clinical setting for diagnosing infectious spondylitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective study was performed to evaluate 170 fluoroscopy-guided percutaneous biopsies in 140 patients (male/female = 70:70; mean age, 65.1 years; range, 16-89 years) in a clinical setting who were suspected of having infectious spondylitis between July 2003 and March 2010. Diagnosis was based on pathologic confirmation by tissue or culture from biopsy. The percentage of adequate specimens for diagnosis, histopathologic diagnosis for infectious spondylitis, and positive cultures for causative organisms were evaluated by retrospective review of medical records. RESULTS Adequate specimens for diagnosis were obtained in 165 of 170 cases (97.1%). The diagnosis of infectious spondylitis resulted in 134 of 170 cases confirmed through histopathology or clinical outcome (78.8%). In 51 of 134 cases (38.1%), the causative organism was confirmed by specimens from percutaneous bone biopsy. There were no biopsy-related major complications. The most common organism isolated was Mycobacterium tuberculosis (24 cases), followed by Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, and Streptococcus viridans. CONCLUSIONS Fluoroscopy-guided percutaneous biopsy is as accurate and effective as CT-guided biopsy for diagnosing infectious spondylitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- B J Kim
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
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Carroll MW, Lee M, Cai Y, Hallahan CW, Shaw PA, Min JH, Goldfeder LC, Alekseyev V, Grinkrug S, Kang HS, Hwang S, Park HM, Kang E, Lee SY, Jin B, Park HE, Min S, Park SK, Jeon DS, Via LE, Barry CE. Frequency of adverse reactions to first- and second-line anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy in a Korean cohort. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2012; 16:961-6. [PMID: 22584241 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.11.0574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the frequency of and risk factors for major adverse drug reactions (MADRs) associated with anti-tuberculosis treatment at a tuberculosis (TB) referral hospital in the Republic of Korea. METHODS Data from an ongoing natural history cohort study were analyzed for permanent regimen changes due to adverse drug reactions and confirmed by chart review. RESULTS Among 655 subjects, there were 132 MADRs in 112 (17%) subjects. The most common MADRs were gastrointestinal (n = 53), musculoskeletal (n = 22), psychiatric (n = 10), visual (n = 9) and peripheral neuropathic (n = 8). MADRs were more frequent in subjects being treated with second-line regimens (16%) compared to first-line regimens (2.5%). Drugs frequently associated with MADRs were amikacin (3/10, 30%), linezolid (8/29, 28%), para-aminosalicylic acid (47/192, 24%), pyrazinamide (31/528, 5.8%), macrolides (2/44, 4.5%) and cycloserine (12/272, 4.4%). Fluoroquinolones accounted for a single MADR (1/377, 0.003%), despite widespread usage. In multivariate analysis, infection with multi- or extensively drug-resistant disease and previous history of anti-tuberculosis treatment were risk factors for MADR, with adjusted hazard ratios of respectively 2.2 (P = 0.02) and 1.6 (P = 0.04). CONCLUSION MADRs are common during anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy in this population, occurring in more than one in six subjects. New and less toxic agents to treat drug-resistant TB are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M W Carroll
- International Tuberculosis Research Center, Masan, Republic of Korea
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Kim HJ, Kwak HK, Lee J, Yun YJ, Lee JS, Lee MS, Min SY, Park SK, Kang HS, Maeng YH, Kim SY, Kim SY, Kook YH, Kim YR, Lee KH. Patterns of pncA mutations in drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from patients in South Korea. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2012; 16:98-103. [PMID: 22236853 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.10.0739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pyrazinamide (PZA), one of the most effective anti-tuberculosis drugs, becomes toxic to Mycobacterium tuberculosis when converted to pyrazinoic acid by pyrazinamidase (PZase). PZA resistance is caused mainly by the loss of enzyme activity by mutation. OBJECTIVE To investigate the patterns of pncA mutations in PZA-resistant mycobacteria isolated from South Korean patients. METHODS Mycobacterial isolates with clinically proven drug resistance were cultured to determine susceptibility to anti-tuberculosis agents. pncA mutations were recognised by sequencing and compared with the relevant wild-type DNA sequence. RESULTS Among 108 isolates, 102 were successfully cultured and underwent drug susceptibility testing; all were multidrug-resistant (MDR). pncA mutations were found in 86 cultured isolates (85.1%): 55 (84.6%) in MDR and 31 (86.1%) in extensively drug-resistant isolates. Substitution of a single nucleotide was most common. The most frequent mutations were a deletion that caused a frameshift at nucleotide (nt) 71, a substitution at nt 403 and a substitution at nt 11. Combined, these accounted for ≈ 40% of all mutations. However, 15 samples (14.9%) with defective PZase activity showed no mutation. CONCLUSION pncA mutation in M. tuberculosis is a major mechanism of PZA resistance in MDR isolates from patients in South Korea. The patterns of mutation might be more scattered and diverse. DNA-based diagnosis of PZA resistance has potential for the rapid detection of drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
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Hwang G, Park H, Bang JS, Jin SC, Kim BC, Oh CW, Kang HS, Han MH, Kwon OK. Comparison of 2-year angiographic outcomes of stent- and nonstent-assisted coil embolization in unruptured aneurysms with an unfavorable configuration for coiling. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2011; 32:1707-10. [PMID: 21852378 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a2592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Stents are known to have hemodynamic and biologic effects in addition to their mechanical scaffold effect. To determine whether stents affect long-term outcomes after coiling of unruptured aneurysms, we compared angiographic outcomes at 2 years postembolization for stent- and nonstent-assisted coiled unruptured aneurysms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Stent-assisted coiling was used in unruptured aneurysms unfavorable for simple coiling (neck size >4 mm and dome-to-neck ratio <1.5) in our practice. Therefore, 126 coiled unruptured aneurysms in total (40 [31.7%] stent group and 86 [68.3%] nonstent group) with these conditions were selected for this study. The nonstent group aneurysms were treated with multiple microcatheter technique (53 cases) or balloon-assisted technique (33 cases). Self-expandable stents were used for coiling in stent group aneurysms. No significant difference in aneurysmal characteristics (aneurysm type [sidewall/bifurcation], diameter, neck size, and dome-to-neck ratio) or angiographic outcome at embolization (packing attenuation, obliteration grade, and contrast filling) were observed between the 2 study groups. RESULTS At 2-year follow-up visits, rates of progressive occlusion (stent group, 17/40 [42.5%] versus nonstent group, 34/86 [39.5%]) and recanalization (7/40 [17.5%] versus 18/86 [21.0%]) did not show a statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (P = .895). CONCLUSIONS The present study did not show that additional hemodynamic and biologic effects of stents designed for neck remodeling were enough to enhance progressive occlusion and prevent the recanalization of unruptured aneurysms. Our finding suggests that stent placement provides no better long-term angiographic outcomes for unruptured aneurysms with an unfavorable configuration for coiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Hwang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University and Graduate School of Gangwon University, Chuncheon, Korea
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Yun MH, Seo YS, Kang HS, Lee KG, Kim JH, An H, Yim HJ, Keum B, Jeen YT, Lee HS, Chun HJ, Um SH, Kim CD, Ryu HS. The effect of the respiratory cycle on liver stiffness values as measured by transient elastography. J Viral Hepat 2011; 18:631-6. [PMID: 21029256 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2010.01376.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The findings of several studies suggest that liver stiffness values can be affected by the degree of intrahepatic congestion respiration influence intrahepatic blood volume and may affect liver stiffness. We evaluated the influence of respiration on liver stiffness. Transient elastography (TE) was performed at the end of inspiration and at the end of expiration in patients with chronic liver disease. The median values obtained during the inspiration set and during the expiration set were defined as inspiratory and expiratory liver stiffness, respectively. A total of 123 patients with chronic liver disease were enrolled (mean age 49years; 64.2% men). Liver cirrhosis coexisted in 29 patients (23.6%). Expiratory liver stiffness was significantly higher than inspiratory liver stiffness (8.7 vs 7.9kPa, P=0.001), while the expiratory interquartile range/median ratio (IQR ratio) did not differ from the inspiratory IQR ratio. Expiratory liver stiffness was significantly higher than inspiratory liver stiffness in 49 (39.8%) patients (HE group), expiratory liver stiffness was significantly lower than inspiratory stiffness in 15 (12.2%) patients, and there was no difference in 59 (48.0%) patients. Liver cirrhosis was more frequent in those who had a lower liver stiffness reading in expiration, and only the absence of liver cirrhosis was significantly associated with a higher reading in expiration in multivariate analysis. In conclusion, liver stiffness was significantly elevated during expiration especially in patients without liver cirrhosis. The effect of respiration should be kept in mind during TE readings.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Yun
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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