1
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Yokoshiki S, Arato T. Implementation status of pharmacological studies in the development of orphan drugs. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2024; 19:5. [PMID: 38167464 PMCID: PMC10763054 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-023-03000-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The nonclinical as well as clinical development of orphan drugs is difficult, owing to unknown pathophysiology and the absence of animal models. Both, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Guidance and European Medicines Agency (EMA) Guidelines, for orphan drug development describe non-clinical studies, but lack specific information, such as animal species and study design. Against this background, this study aimed to elucidate efficient methods for evaluating nonclinical efficacy based on a review report of orphan drugs approved in Japan. RESULTS A total of 184 orphan drugs, including 84 anticancer and 100 non-anticancer drugs, approved in Japan from January 2010 to December 2019 were investigated. Some anticancer drugs progressed to clinical development without distinct efficacy data in nonclinical studies. Patient-derived cells have been used for some drugs due to a lack of established cell lines. Cells used for non-clinical studies were devised for drugs indicated for cancers resistant to prior therapies, tumours with specific amino acid mutations in the target molecules, and solid tumours with specific biomarkers. For some non-anticancer drugs, similar disease animal models and normal animals were used for evaluation, since animal models did not exist. Biomarkers have been used specifically for evaluation in normal animals and as endpoints in some clinical trials. CONCLUSIONS It was possible to evaluate drug efficacy by flexibly designing nonclinical studies according to disease characteristics for potentials orphan drugs. These approaches, which are not described in detail in the EMA Guideline or FDA Guidance, may thus lead to approval.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saki Yokoshiki
- Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
- Institute of Health Science Innovation for Medical Care (HELIOS), Hokkaido University Hospital, Kita 14, Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8648, Japan
| | - Teruyo Arato
- Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan.
- Institute of Health Science Innovation for Medical Care (HELIOS), Hokkaido University Hospital, Kita 14, Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8648, Japan.
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2
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Harrison RA, Majd NK, Johnson MO, Urbauer DL, Puduvalli V, Khasraw M. Characterization of industry relationships in oncology. Cancer 2023; 129:2848-2855. [PMID: 37227811 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.34852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Collaborative relationships between academic oncology and industry (pharmaceutical, biotechnology, "omic," and medical device companies) are essential for therapeutic development in oncology; however, limited research on engagement in and perceptions of these relationships has been done. METHODS Survey questions were developed to evaluate relationships between academic oncology and industry. An electronic survey was delivered to 1000 randomly selected members of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, a professional organization for oncologists, eliciting respondents' views around oncology-industry collaborations. The responses were analyzed according to prespecified plans. RESULTS There were 225 survey respondents. Most were from the United States (70.0%), worked at an academic institution (60.1%), worked in medical oncology (81.2%), and had an active relationship with industry (85.8%). One quarter (26.7%) of respondents reported difficulty establishing a relationship with industry collaborators, and most respondents (75%) did not report having had mentorship in developing these relationships. The majority (85.3%) of respondents considered these collaborations important to their careers. Respondents generally thought that scientific integrity was preserved (92%), and most respondents (95%) had little concern over the quality of the collaborative product. Many (60%) shared concerns over potential conflict of interest if an individual with a compensated relationship promoted an industry product for clinical care/research, yet most respondents (67%) stated these relationships did not shape their interactions with patients. CONCLUSIONS This study provides novel data characterizing the nature of collaborative relationships between clinicians, researchers, and industry in oncology. Although respondents considered these collaborations an important part of clinical and academic oncology, formal education or mentorship around these relationships was rare. Conflicting findings around conflict of interest highlight the importance of more dedicated research in this area. PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY Business enterprises in health care play a central role in cancer research and care, driving the development of new medical testing, drugs, and devices. Effective working relationships among clinicians, researchers, and these industry partners can promote innovative research and enhance patient care. Study of these collaborations has been limited to date. Through distribution of a questionnaire to cancer clinicians and researchers, we found that most participants consider these relationships valuable, though they find establishing such relationships challenging partly because of gaps in educational programs in this area. Our findings also highlight the need for further policy around the potential bias these relationships can introduce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A Harrison
- Division of Neurology, BC Cancer, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nazanin K Majd
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Margaret O Johnson
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Diana L Urbauer
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Vinay Puduvalli
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Mustafa Khasraw
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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3
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Michalska-Falkowska A, Niklinski J, Juhl H, Sulewska A, Kisluk J, Charkiewicz R, Ciborowski M, Ramlau R, Gryczka R, Piwkowski C, Kozlowski M, Miskiewicz B, Biecek P, Wnorowska K, Dzieciol-Anikiej Z, Sargsyan K, Naumnik W, Mroz R, Reszec-Gielazyn J. Applied Molecular-Based Quality Control of Biobanked Samples for Multi-Omics Approach. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3742. [PMID: 37509403 PMCID: PMC10378006 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15143742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Biobanks are vital for high-throughput translational research, but the rapid development of novel molecular techniques, especially in omics assays, poses challenges to traditional practices and recommendations. In our study, we used biospecimens from oncological patients in Polish clinics and collaborated with the Indivumed Group. For serum/plasma samples, we monitored hemolysis, controlled RNA extraction, assessed cDNA library quality and quantity, and verified NGS raw data. Tissue samples underwent pathologic evaluation to confirm histology and determine tumor content. Molecular quality control measures included evaluating the RNA integrity number, assessing cDNA library quality and quantity, and analyzing NGS raw data. Our study yielded the creation of distinct workflows for conducting preanalytical quality control of serum/plasma and fresh-frozen tissue samples. These workflows offer customization options to suit the capabilities of different biobanking entities. In order to ensure the appropriateness of biospecimens for advanced research applications, we introduced molecular-based quality control methods that align with the demands of high-throughput assays. The novelty of proposed workflows, rooted in innovative molecular techniques, lies in the integration of these QC methods into a comprehensive schema specifically designed for high-throughput research applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Michalska-Falkowska
- Biobank, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
- Indivumed Services, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jacek Niklinski
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | | | - Anetta Sulewska
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Joanna Kisluk
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Radoslaw Charkiewicz
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
- Center of Experimental Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-369 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Michal Ciborowski
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Rodryg Ramlau
- Department of Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-569 Poznan, Poland
| | - Robert Gryczka
- Department of Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-569 Poznan, Poland
| | - Cezary Piwkowski
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-569 Poznan, Poland
| | - Miroslaw Kozlowski
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Borys Miskiewicz
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Przemyslaw Biecek
- Faculty of Mathematics and Information Science, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Wnorowska
- Department of Medical Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Paediatrics and Pediatric Neurology, Jedrzej Sniadecki Independent Public Healthcare Centre Regional Hospital, 15-278 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Zofia Dzieciol-Anikiej
- Biobank, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Rehabilitation, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Karine Sargsyan
- International Biobanking and Education, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Cancer Biobank at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Wojciech Naumnik
- 1st Department of Lung Diseases and Tuberculosis, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-540 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Robert Mroz
- 2nd Department of Lung Diseases and Tuberculosis, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-540 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Joanna Reszec-Gielazyn
- Biobank, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Medical Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
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4
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Kawai A. The Shape of Tumor Treatment in this Country. J Orthop Sci 2022; 27:511-513. [PMID: 35331604 DOI: 10.1016/j.jos.2022.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akira Kawai
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology and Rehabilitation Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
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Kawai A, Higashi T, Shibata T, Yoshida A, Katoh Y, Fujiwara Y, Nishida T. Rare cancers in Japan: definition, clinical features and future perspectives. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2020; 50:970-975. [PMID: 32719865 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyaa121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This review introduces the definition, epidemiology and therapeutic challenges of rare cancers and describes the establishment of the Rare Cancer Center at the National Cancer Center, Japan. Rare cancers are defined as malignant tumors with an incidence rate of less than 6 cases per 100 000 individuals. Due to their low incidence rate, medical treatment for rare cancers is more challenging than for more common cancer types. Specifically, 190 types of cancers, including bone and soft tissue sarcomas, gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), neuroendocrine tumors and gliomas, are classified as rare cancers. Individually, each of the rare cancers accounts for less than 1% of all cancers, but collectively they account for 15% of all cancers. On the basis of their medical management, rare cancers can be subclassified into two types: Type I (rare cancers within cancer-rare organs) and Type II (rare cancers within cancer-common organs). Most importantly, the outcomes for rare cancers are poorer compared to those of common cancers. In 2014, the Rare Cancer Center was established at the National Cancer Center to address the various challenges related to rare cancers. The Rare Cancer Center has adopted a multifaceted approach for overcoming these challenges, including active sharing of information through a dedicated website and an online seminar series 'Rare Cancer Meet the Expert', providing medical support through telephone consultations via a 'Rare Cancer Hotline', supporting basic research and establishing the 'MASTER KEY Project' aimed at developing new treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Kawai
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology and Rehabilitation Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.,Rare Cancer Center, National Cancer Center, Tokyo
| | - Takahiro Higashi
- Rare Cancer Center, National Cancer Center, Tokyo.,Division of Health Services Research, National Cancer Center, Tokyo
| | - Taro Shibata
- Rare Cancer Center, National Cancer Center, Tokyo.,Division of Health Services Research, National Cancer Center, Tokyo
| | - Akihiko Yoshida
- Rare Cancer Center, National Cancer Center, Tokyo.,Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo
| | - Yoko Katoh
- Rare Cancer Center, National Cancer Center, Tokyo
| | - Yasuhiro Fujiwara
- Department of Breast and Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo.,Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency, Tokyo
| | - Toshirou Nishida
- Department of Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo.,Japan Community Health Care Organization Osaka Hospital, Osaka, Japan
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Matsuda T, Won YJ, Chun-Ju Chiang R, Lim J, Saika K, Fukui K, Lee WC, Botta L, Bernasconi A, Trama A. Rare cancers are not rare in Asia as well: The rare cancer burden in East Asia. Cancer Epidemiol 2020; 67:101702. [PMID: 32535408 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2020.101702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Epidemiologic information on rare cancers is scarce outside of the Western countries. The project "surveillance of rare cancers in Asia" (RARECAREnet Asia) provides, for the first time, the burden of rare cancers in some Asian countries based on the latest list. OBJECTIVES 1) to assess whether the European list of rare cancers fits the Asian setting and 2) to compare the incidences of rare cancers between Europe and Asian countries. MATERIAL AND METHODS Population-based cancer registry data on patients diagnosed from 2011 to 2015 in Japan, Korea, and Taiwan and patients diagnosed from 2000 to 2007 in 94 European registries were analysed. The incidences for all cancers were calculated; they were then grouped into several tiers and families according to the rare cancer list, and whether cancers rare was examined. RESULTS Rare cancer counts according to the list in the observed population were 196 in Japan, 203 in Korea, 198 in Taiwan, and 198 in the EU. The proportions of rare in overall incidence were 16.3% in Japan, 23.7% in Korea, 24.2% in Taiwan, and 22.2% in the EU. The numbers of newly diagnosed rare cancer cases in 2015 were 140,188 in Japan, 52,071 in Korea, and 24,147 in Taiwan. CONCLUSION Most rare cancers in Europe were also rare in the Asian countries considered. The observed differences were due to well-known risk factors. The European definition and list of rare cancers appear to reflect well cancer incidence in East Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Matsuda
- National Cancer Registry Section, Center for Cancer Registries, Center for Cancer Control and Information Services National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
| | - Young-Joo Won
- Division of Cancer Registration and Surveillance, National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - RuRu Chun-Ju Chiang
- Taiwan Cancer Registry Center, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Rm. 506, No. 17, Xuzhou Rd., Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Jiwon Lim
- Division of Cancer Registration and Surveillance, National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Kumiko Saika
- National Cancer Registry Section, Center for Cancer Registries, Center for Cancer Control and Information Services National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Keisuke Fukui
- Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigakumachi, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan
| | - Wen-Chung Lee
- Taiwan Cancer Registry Center, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Rm. 506, No. 17, Xuzhou Rd., Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Laura Botta
- Research Department, Fondazione IRCSS, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumouri, Via Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Alice Bernasconi
- Research Department, Fondazione IRCSS, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumouri, Via Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Annalisa Trama
- Research Department, Fondazione IRCSS, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumouri, Via Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
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Gatellier L, Matsuda T, Sabapathy K, Dai M, Dewi LKM, Huong TT, Kardinah K, Thuan TV, Park JB, He J, Nansalmaa E, Luvsandorj B, Hwang WYK, Sengar M, Pramesh CS, Suzuki T. An Asian Body to Tackle Cancers in Asia - The Asian National Cancer Centers Alliance. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:1207-1212. [PMID: 32458623 PMCID: PMC7541889 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.5.1207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The socioeconomic burden of cancer is growing rapidly in the Asian region, with a concentrated burden on low- and middle- income countries. The residents of this region, representing almost 60% of the global population, demonstrate an eclectic and complex nature, with huge disparities in ethnicity, sociocultural practices among others. The Asian National Cancer Centers Alliance (ANCCA) was established in 2005 by heads of several national cancer centers (NCCs) in the region to address common issues and concerns among Asian countries. During the first 13 years of ANCCA’s existence, the participating NCCs’ senior managers paved the way toward collaboration through transparent sharing of key facts and activities. Concrete achievements of the Alliance include the Asia Tobacco-Free Declaration, the establishment of the ANCCA Constitution in 2014 as well as the creation of an official website more recently. In November 2019, the most active ANCCA members (China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Mongolia, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam) strengthened the bonds of the entity with the clear aim to halt the increase in cancer and mortality rates in Asian countries by 2030. New opportunities including accelerated cooperation between members as well as collaboration with external and multidisciplinary stakeholders at local, regional and international levels are an essential step to most effectively tackle cancers in Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laureline Gatellier
- National Cancer Center, Japan, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Matsuda
- National Cancer Center, Japan, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Kanaga Sabapathy
- National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11, Hospital Crescent, Singapore
| | - Min Dai
- National Cancer Center, China, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Luh Komang Mela Dewi
- Dharmais Hospital - National Cancer Center, Jalan Letjend S. Parman No.84-89 Kecamatan Palmerah, Kota Jakarta Barat, DKI Jakarta, 11420, Indonesia
| | - Tran Thanh Huong
- National Cancer Institute & Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Kardinah Kardinah
- Dharmais Hospital - National Cancer Center, Jalan Letjend S. Parman No.84-89 Kecamatan Palmerah, Kota Jakarta Barat, DKI Jakarta, 11420, Indonesia
| | - Tran Van Thuan
- National Cancer Institute & Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Jong Bae Park
- National Cancer Center of Korea, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si Gyeonggi-do, 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Jie He
- National Cancer Center, China, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Erdenekhuu Nansalmaa
- National Cancer Center of Mongolia, Nam Yan Ju Street, 13370 Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | | | | | - Manju Sengar
- Tata Memorial Hospital, Dr. E, Dr Ernest Borges Rd, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400012, India
| | - C S Pramesh
- Tata Memorial Hospital, Dr. E, Dr Ernest Borges Rd, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400012, India
| | - Tatsuya Suzuki
- National Cancer Center, Japan, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
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Yamashita K, Kaneko M, Narukawa M. Response to “Have We Found the Key to Unravel Treatment Development Lags for Rare Cancers?:
MASTER KEY
Project”. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2019; 106:493. [DOI: 10.1002/cpt.1448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Yamashita
- 1Department of Clinical Medicine (Pharmaceutical Medicine) Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Kitasato University Tokyo Japan
| | - Masayuki Kaneko
- 1Department of Clinical Medicine (Pharmaceutical Medicine) Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Kitasato University Tokyo Japan
| | - Mamoru Narukawa
- 1Department of Clinical Medicine (Pharmaceutical Medicine) Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Kitasato University Tokyo Japan
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