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Saleh DM, Luo S, Ahmed OHM, Alexander DB, Alexander WT, Gunasekaran S, El-Gazzar AM, Abdelgied M, Numano T, Takase H, Ohnishi M, Tomono S, Hady RHAE, Fukamachi K, Kanno J, Hirose A, Xu J, Suzuki S, Naiki-Ito A, Takahashi S, Tsuda H. Assessment of the toxicity and carcinogenicity of double-walled carbon nanotubes in the rat lung after intratracheal instillation: a two-year study. Part Fibre Toxicol 2022; 19:30. [PMID: 35449069 PMCID: PMC9026941 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-022-00469-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Considering the expanding industrial applications of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), safety assessment of these materials is far less than needed. Very few long-term in vivo studies have been carried out. This is the first 2-year in vivo study to assess the effects of double walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs) in the lung and pleura of rats after pulmonary exposure. Methods Rats were divided into six groups: untreated, Vehicle, 3 DWCNT groups (0.12 mg/rat, 0.25 mg/rat and 0.5 mg/rat), and MWCNT-7 (0.5 mg/rat). The test materials were administrated by intratracheal-intrapulmonary spraying (TIPS) every other day for 15 days. Rats were observed without further treatment until sacrifice. Results DWCNT were biopersistent in the rat lung and induced marked pulmonary inflammation with a significant increase in macrophage count and levels of the chemotactic cytokines CCL2 and CCL3. In addition, the 0.5 mg DWCNT treated rats had significantly higher pulmonary collagen deposition compared to the vehicle controls. The development of carcinomas in the lungs of rats treated with 0.5 mg DWCNT (4/24) was not quite statistically higher (p = 0.0502) than the vehicle control group (0/25), however, the overall incidence of lung tumor development, bronchiolo-alveolar adenoma and bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma combined, in the lungs of rats treated with 0.5 mg DWCNT (7/24) was statistically higher (p < 0.05) than the vehicle control group (1/25). Notably, two of the rats treated with DWCNT, one in the 0.25 mg group and one in the 0.5 mg group, developed pleural mesotheliomas. However, both of these lesions developed in the visceral pleura, and unlike the rats administered MWCNT-7, rats administered DWCNT did not have elevated levels of HMGB1 in their pleural lavage fluids. This indicates that the mechanism by which the mesotheliomas that developed in the DWCNT treated rats is not relevant to humans. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that the DWCNT fibers we tested are biopersistent in the rat lung and induce chronic inflammation. Rats treated with 0.5 mg DWCNT developed pleural fibrosis and lung tumors. These findings demonstrate that the possibility that at least some types of DWCNTs are fibrogenic and tumorigenic cannot be ignored.
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12989-022-00469-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Mourad Saleh
- Nanotoxicology Lab Project, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dohri, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan.,Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Assuit University, Assuit, Egypt
| | - Shengyong Luo
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Omnia Hosny Mohamed Ahmed
- Nanotoxicology Lab Project, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dohri, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan.,Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | - David B Alexander
- Nanotoxicology Lab Project, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dohri, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan.
| | - William T Alexander
- Nanotoxicology Lab Project, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dohri, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Sivagami Gunasekaran
- Nanotoxicology Lab Project, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dohri, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan.,Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ahmed M El-Gazzar
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abdelgied
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.,Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA
| | - Takamasa Numano
- Nanotoxicology Lab Project, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dohri, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takase
- Core Laboratory, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Makoto Ohnishi
- Japan Industrial Safety and Health Association, Japan Bioassay Research Center, Hadano, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Susumu Tomono
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Randa Hussein Abd El Hady
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Assuit University, Assuit, Egypt
| | - Katsumi Fukamachi
- Department of Neurotoxicology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Jun Kanno
- National Institute Hygienic Sciences, Kawasaki, Japan
| | | | - Jiegou Xu
- Nanotoxicology Lab Project, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dohri, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan.,Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shugo Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Aya Naiki-Ito
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tsuda
- Nanotoxicology Lab Project, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dohri, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan.
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2
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Negishi N, Inaba T, Miyazaki Y, Ishii G, Yang Y, Koura S. Aqueous mechano-bactericidal action of acicular aragonite crystals. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19218. [PMID: 34584148 PMCID: PMC8478985 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98797-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoneedle structures on dragonfly and cicada wing surfaces or black silicon nanoneedles demonstrate antibacterial phenomena, namely mechano-bactericidal action. These air-exposed, mechano-bactericidal surfaces serve to destroy adherent bacteria, but their bactericidal action in the water is no precedent to report. Calcium carbonate easily accumulates on solid surfaces during long-term exposure to hard water. We expect that aragonite nanoneedles, in particular, which grow on TiO2 during the photocatalytic treatment of calcium-rich groundwater, exhibit mechano-bactericidal action against bacteria in water. Here, we showed that acicular aragonite modified on TiO2 ceramics prepared from calcium bicarbonate in mineral water by photocatalysis exhibits mechanical bactericidal activity against E. coli in water. Unmodified, calcite-modified and aragonite-modified TiO2 ceramics were exposed to water containing E. coli (in a petri dish), and their bactericidal action over time was investigated under static and agitated conditions. The surfaces of the materials were observed by scanning electron microscopy, and the live/dead bacterial cells were observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. As a result, the synergistic bactericidal performance achieved by mechano-bactericidal action and photocatalysis was demonstrated. Aragonite itself has a high biological affinity for the human body different from the other whisker-sharpen nanomaterials, therefore, the mechano-bactericidal action of acicular aragonite in water is expected to inform the development of safe water purification systems for use in developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuaki Negishi
- Environmental Management Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, 305-8569, Japan.
| | - Tomohiro Inaba
- Environmental Management Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, 305-8569, Japan
| | - Yukari Miyazaki
- Environmental Management Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, 305-8569, Japan
| | - Genki Ishii
- Environmental Management Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, 305-8569, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Chiba Institute of Technology, 2-17-1 Tsudanuma, Narashino, 275-0016, Japan
| | - Yingnan Yang
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
| | - Setsuko Koura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Chiba Institute of Technology, 2-17-1 Tsudanuma, Narashino, 275-0016, Japan
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3
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Numano T, Sugiyama T, Kawabe M, Mera Y, Ogawa R, Nishioka A, Fukui H, Sato K, Hagiwara Y. Lung toxicity of a vapor-grown carbon fiber in comparison with a multi-walled carbon nanotube in F344 rats. J Toxicol Pathol 2020; 34:57-71. [PMID: 33627945 PMCID: PMC7890169 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2020-0064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon fibers have excellent physicochemical and electrical properties. Vapor-grown
carbon fibers are a type of carbon fibers that have a multi-walled carbon tube structure
with a high aspect ratio. The representative vapor-grown carbon fiber,
VGCFTM-H, is extremely strong and stable and has superior thermal and
electrical conductivity. Because some high-aspect-ratio multi-walled carbon nanotubes
(MWCNTs) have been reported to have toxic and carcinogenic effects in the lungs of
rodents, we performed a 13-week lung toxicity study using VGCFTM-H in
comparison with one of MWCNTs, MWNT-7, in rats. Male and female F344 rats were
intratracheally administered VGCFTM-H at doses of 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 mg/kg bw or
MWNT-7 at doses of 0.4 and 0.8 mg/kg bw once a week for 8 weeks and then up to week 13
without treatment. The lung burden was equivalent in the VGCFTM-H and MWNT-7
groups; however, the lung weight had increased and the inflammatory and biochemical
parameters in the broncho-alveolar lavage fluid and histopathological parameters,
including inflammatory cell infiltration, alveolar type II cells proliferation, alveolar
fibrosis, pleural fibrosis, lung mesothelium proliferation, and diaphragm fibrosis, were
milder in the VGCFTM-H group than in the MWNT-7 group. In addition, the
proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-positive index in the visceral and pleural
mesothelium was significantly higher in the MWNT-7 group than in the controls, but not in
the VGCFTM-H group. Thus, the results of this study indicate that the lung and
pleural toxicities of VGCFTM-H were less than those of MWNT-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takamasa Numano
- DIMS Institute of Medical Science, Inc., 64 Goura, Nishiazai, Azai-cho, Ichinomiya-shi, Aichi 491-0113, Japan
| | - Taiki Sugiyama
- DIMS Institute of Medical Science, Inc., 64 Goura, Nishiazai, Azai-cho, Ichinomiya-shi, Aichi 491-0113, Japan
| | - Mayumi Kawabe
- DIMS Institute of Medical Science, Inc., 64 Goura, Nishiazai, Azai-cho, Ichinomiya-shi, Aichi 491-0113, Japan
| | - Yukinori Mera
- DIMS Institute of Medical Science, Inc., 64 Goura, Nishiazai, Azai-cho, Ichinomiya-shi, Aichi 491-0113, Japan
| | - Ryoji Ogawa
- Chemicals Assessment & Management Center, Responsible Care Department, Showa Denko K.K., 13-9 Shiba Daimon 1-Chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8518, Japan
| | - Ayako Nishioka
- Chemicals Assessment & Management Center, Responsible Care Department, Showa Denko K.K., 13-9 Shiba Daimon 1-Chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8518, Japan
| | - Hiroko Fukui
- Chemicals Assessment & Management Center, Responsible Care Department, Showa Denko K.K., 13-9 Shiba Daimon 1-Chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8518, Japan
| | - Kei Sato
- Chemicals Assessment & Management Center, Responsible Care Department, Showa Denko K.K., 13-9 Shiba Daimon 1-Chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8518, Japan
| | - Yuji Hagiwara
- Chemicals Assessment & Management Center, Responsible Care Department, Showa Denko K.K., 13-9 Shiba Daimon 1-Chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8518, Japan
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4
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Predictive Biomarkers for the Ranking of Pulmonary Toxicity of Nanomaterials. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10102032. [PMID: 33076408 PMCID: PMC7602652 DOI: 10.3390/nano10102032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
We analyzed the mRNA expression of chemokines in rat lungs following intratracheal instillation of nanomaterials in order to find useful predictive markers of the pulmonary toxicity of nanomaterials. Nickel oxide (NiO) and cerium dioxide (CeO2) as nanomaterials with high pulmonary toxicity, and titanium dioxide (TiO2) and zinc oxide (ZnO) as nanomaterials with low pulmonary toxicity, were administered into rat lungs (0.8 or 4 mg/kg BW). C-X-C motif chemokine 5 (CXCL5), C-C motif chemokine 2 (CCL2), C-C motif chemokine 7 (CCL7), C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10), and C-X-C motif chemokine 11 (CXCL11) were selected using cDNA microarray analysis at one month after instillation of NiO in the high dose group. The mRNA expression of these five genes were evaluated while using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) from three days to six months after intratracheal instillation. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) results showed a considerable relationship between the pulmonary toxicity ranking of nanomaterials and the expression of CXCL5, CCL2, and CCL7 at one week and one month. The expression levels of these three genes also moderately or strongly correlated with inflammation in the lung tissues. Three chemokine genes can be useful as predictive biomarkers for the ranking of the pulmonary toxicity of nanomaterials.
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5
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Tanaka H, Gunasekaran S, Saleh DM, Alexander WT, Alexander DB, Ohara H, Tsuda H. Effects of oral bovine lactoferrin on a mouse model of inflammation associated colon cancer. Biochem Cell Biol 2020; 99:159-165. [PMID: 32905707 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2020-0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with ulcerative colitis or colonic Crohn's disease have a significantly increased risk of developing colorectal cancer. Bovine lactoferrin (bLF) reportedly inhibited the development of colon cancer in rats and mice, and in a placebo controlled trial, ingestion of bLF inhibited the growth of intestinal polyps. In addition, in a case study, a patient with Crohn's disease was reported to have remained in remission for over 7 years while ingesting 1 g of bLF daily. Thus, bLF has an inhibitory effect on colon carcinogenesis, and it may also promote remission of Crohn's disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of bLF in a mouse model of colorectal cancer related to irritable bowel disease (IBD). The mice were divided into 4 groups: (i) no treatment; (ii) treated with bLF only; (iii) treated with azoxymethane plus dextran sulfate sodium (AOM + DSS); and (iv) treated with AOM + DSS + bLF. AOM was used to initiate intestinal cancer, and DSS was used to induce IBD-like inflammation in the intestine of the C57BL/6 mice. At the end of the study, the mice treated with AOM + DSS + bLF had a better fecal score, fewer lesions in the colon, and less weight loss than the mice treated with AOM + DSS without bLF. However, there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups with respect to tumor burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Tanaka
- Department of Community-Based Medical Education, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Sivagami Gunasekaran
- Nanotoxicology Project, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Dina Mourad Saleh
- Nanotoxicology Project, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Assuit University, Assuit, Egypt
| | | | | | - Hirotaka Ohara
- Department of Community-Based Medical Education, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tsuda
- Nanotoxicology Project, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
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6
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Numano T, Morioka M, Higuchi H, Uda K, Sugiyama T, Hagiwara T, Doi Y, Imai N, Kawabe M, Mera Y, Tamano S. Effects of administering different vehicles via single intratracheal instillation on responses in the lung and pleural cavity of Crl:CD(SD) rats. J Toxicol Pathol 2019; 33:11-19. [PMID: 32051660 PMCID: PMC7008201 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2019-0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Intratracheal instillation is the introduction of a substance directly into the trachea. Intratracheal instillation has been used to investigate the lung toxicity of several chemicals and requires the suspension or dissolution of test material in a vehicle for even dispersal throughout the lung. Importantly, the toxicities of vehicles used in intratracheal instillation studies are generally considered to be insignificant. Hence, evaluating the influence of different vehicles on the lung due to intratracheal instillation is crucial. We examined the toxic effects of pure water, saline, phosphate buffered saline (PBS), 0.5% Kolliphor® P188 (KP188), 0.1% Tween 20 in saline, and 1.0% BSA in PBS. These vehicles were administered to male Crl:CD(SD) rats by a single intratracheal instillation. On day 3, broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from the right lung was collected and processed for cell counting and biochemical analysis, while the left lung was used for histopathological examination. Accumulation of alveolar macrophages was observed in all vehicle-treated groups but was minimal in the group administered saline, somewhat higher in the groups administered pure water, PBS, 0.1% Tween 20, and 1% BSA, and notably higher in the group administered 0.5% KP188. The results from BALF analysis indicated that intratracheal instillation of 0.5% KP188 also induced alveolar damage. Additionally, administering pure water did not appear to cause tissue damage. Eosinophil infiltration in the interstitial regions was histopathologically observed. Altogether, the results of this study are helpful for the selection of appropriate vehicles for use in intratracheal instillation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takamasa Numano
- DIMS Institute of Medical Science, Inc., 64 Goura, Nishiazai, Azai-cho, Ichinomiya, Aichi 491-0113, Japan
| | - Mai Morioka
- DIMS Institute of Medical Science, Inc., 64 Goura, Nishiazai, Azai-cho, Ichinomiya, Aichi 491-0113, Japan
| | - Hitomi Higuchi
- DIMS Institute of Medical Science, Inc., 64 Goura, Nishiazai, Azai-cho, Ichinomiya, Aichi 491-0113, Japan
| | - Kazunari Uda
- DIMS Institute of Medical Science, Inc., 64 Goura, Nishiazai, Azai-cho, Ichinomiya, Aichi 491-0113, Japan
| | - Taiki Sugiyama
- DIMS Institute of Medical Science, Inc., 64 Goura, Nishiazai, Azai-cho, Ichinomiya, Aichi 491-0113, Japan
| | - Teruaki Hagiwara
- DIMS Institute of Medical Science, Inc., 64 Goura, Nishiazai, Azai-cho, Ichinomiya, Aichi 491-0113, Japan
| | - Yuko Doi
- DIMS Institute of Medical Science, Inc., 64 Goura, Nishiazai, Azai-cho, Ichinomiya, Aichi 491-0113, Japan
| | - Norio Imai
- DIMS Institute of Medical Science, Inc., 64 Goura, Nishiazai, Azai-cho, Ichinomiya, Aichi 491-0113, Japan
| | - Mayumi Kawabe
- DIMS Institute of Medical Science, Inc., 64 Goura, Nishiazai, Azai-cho, Ichinomiya, Aichi 491-0113, Japan
| | - Yukinori Mera
- DIMS Institute of Medical Science, Inc., 64 Goura, Nishiazai, Azai-cho, Ichinomiya, Aichi 491-0113, Japan
| | - Seiko Tamano
- DIMS Institute of Medical Science, Inc., 64 Goura, Nishiazai, Azai-cho, Ichinomiya, Aichi 491-0113, Japan
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7
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Horie M, Tabei Y, Sugino S, Eguchi K, Chiba R, Tajika M. Comparison of proinflammatory potential of needle-shaped materials: aragonite and potassium titanate whisker. Arch Toxicol 2019; 93:2797-2810. [PMID: 31493027 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-019-02556-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Among the crystal forms of calcium carbonate, aragonite has needle-like shape. Although materials with needle-shaped crystals are associated with pulmonary toxicity, the toxic activity of aragonite is unclear. Therefore, proinflammatory potential of aragonite, neutralized aragonite and potassium titanate whisker was evaluated. The cellular effects of aragonite were weaker than those of potassium titanate whisker. Aragonite treatment induced the expression of chemokines in A549 cells and macrophages. Although aragonite exhibited proinflammatory effects in vitro, pulmonary inflammation was not observed in vivo after intratracheal administration of aragonite in mice. We did not observe the induction of inflammatory cytokine secretion or tissue lesion in the lungs of mice after administration of aragonite. Potassium titanate whisker treatment induced chemokine secretion in vitro. An increase in the number of neutrophils was observed in the mice lung tissue after administration of potassium titanate whisker. Aragonite and neutralized aragonite both induced an increase in the levels of intracellular calcium, but the levels were significantly higher in cells treated with aragonite than in cells treated with neutralized aragonite. These results suggested that intracellular calcium release mediates the cellular effects of aragonite. The toxicity of aragonite based on its needle-like structure was also not observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Horie
- Health Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2217-14, Hayashi-Cho, Takamatsu, Kagawa, Japan.
| | - Yosuke Tabei
- Health Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2217-14, Hayashi-Cho, Takamatsu, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Sakiko Sugino
- Shiraishi Central Laboratories Co., Ltd., 4-78 Motohamacho, Amagasaki, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Eguchi
- Shiraishi Central Laboratories Co., Ltd., 4-78 Motohamacho, Amagasaki, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Ryo Chiba
- Shiraishi Central Laboratories Co., Ltd., 4-78 Motohamacho, Amagasaki, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Masahiko Tajika
- Shiraishi Central Laboratories Co., Ltd., 4-78 Motohamacho, Amagasaki, Hyogo, Japan
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8
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Abdelgied M, El-Gazzar AM, Alexander WT, Numano T, Iigou M, Naiki-Ito A, Takase H, Hirose A, Taquahashi Y, Kanno J, Abdelhamid M, Abdou KA, Takahashi S, Alexander DB, Tsuda H. Carcinogenic effect of potassium octatitanate (POT) fibers in the lung and pleura of male Fischer 344 rats after intrapulmonary administration. Part Fibre Toxicol 2019; 16:34. [PMID: 31477126 PMCID: PMC6720102 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-019-0316-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Potassium octatitanate fibers (K2O•8TiO2, POT fibers) are used as an asbestos substitute. Their physical characteristics suggest that respirable POT fibers are likely to be carcinogenic in the lung and pleura. However, previous 2-year inhalation studies reported that respired POT fibers had little or no carcinogenic potential. In the present study ten-week old male F344 rats were left untreated or were administered vehicle, 0.25 or 0.5 mg rutile-type nano TiO2 (r-nTiO2), 0.25 or 0.5 mg POT fibers, or 0.5 mg MWCNT-7 by intra-tracheal intra-pulmonary spraying (TIPS), and then observed for 2 years. Results There were no differences between the r-nTiO2 and control groups. The incidence of bronchiolo-alveolar cell hyperplasia was significantly increased in the groups treated with 0.50 mg POT and 0.50 mg MWCNT-7. The overall incidence of lung tumors, however, was not increased in either the POT or MWCNT-7 treated groups. Notably, the carcinomas that developed in the POT and MWCNT-7 treated rats were accompanied by proliferative fibrous connective tissue while the carcinomas that developed in the untreated rats and the r-nTiO2 treated rats were not (carcinomas did not develop in the vehicle control rats). In addition, the carcinoma that developed in the rat treated with 0.25 mg POT was a squamous cell carcinoma, a tumor that develops spontaneously in about 1 per 1700 rats. The incidence of mesothelial cell hyperplasia was 4/17, 7/16, and 10/14 and the incidence of malignant mesothelioma was 3/17, 1/16, and 2/14 in the 0.25 mg POT, 0.5 mg POT, and MWCNT-7 treated groups, respectively. Neither mesothelial cell hyperplasia nor mesothelioma developed in control rats or the rats treated with r-nTiO2. Since the incidence of spontaneously occurring malignant mesothelioma in rats is extremely low, approximately 1 per 1000 animals (Japan Bioassay Research Center [JBRC] historical control data), the development of multiple malignant mesotheliomas in the POT and MWCNT-7 treated groups was biologically significant. Conclusion The incidence of pleural mesotheliomas in male F344 rats administered POT fibers and MWCNT-7 was significantly higher than the JBRC historical control data, indicating that the incidence of pleural mesothelioma in the groups administered POT fibers and MWCNT-7 fibers via the airway using TIPS was biologically significant. The incidence of type II epithelial cell hyperplasia and the histology of the carcinomas that developed in the POT treated rats also indicates that respirable POT fibers are highly likely to be carcinogenic in the lungs of male F344 rats. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12989-019-0316-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abdelgied
- Nanotoxicology Project, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dohri, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 466- 8603, Japan.,Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M El-Gazzar
- Nanotoxicology Project, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dohri, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 466- 8603, Japan.,Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - William T Alexander
- Nanotoxicology Project, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dohri, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 466- 8603, Japan
| | - Takamasa Numano
- Nanotoxicology Project, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dohri, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 466- 8603, Japan
| | - Masaaki Iigou
- Nanotoxicology Project, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dohri, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 466- 8603, Japan
| | - Aya Naiki-Ito
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takase
- Core Laboratory, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akihiko Hirose
- Division of Risk Assessment, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Yuhji Taquahashi
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Toxicology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Jun Kanno
- Japan Industrial Safety and Health Association, Japan Bioassay Research Center, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Mona Abdelhamid
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Khaled Abbas Abdou
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - David B Alexander
- Nanotoxicology Project, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dohri, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 466- 8603, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Tsuda
- Nanotoxicology Project, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dohri, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 466- 8603, Japan.
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9
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Pulmonary and pleural toxicity of potassium octatitanate fibers, rutile titanium dioxide nanoparticles, and MWCNT-7 in male Fischer 344 rats. Arch Toxicol 2019; 93:909-920. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-019-02410-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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10
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El-Gazzar AM, Abdelgied M, Alexander DB, Alexander WT, Numano T, Iigo M, Naiki A, Takahashi S, Takase H, Hirose A, Kannno J, Elokle OS, Nazem AM, Tsuda H. Comparative pulmonary toxicity of a DWCNT and MWCNT-7 in rats. Arch Toxicol 2018; 93:49-59. [PMID: 30341734 PMCID: PMC6343020 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-018-2336-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Very little is known about the in vivo toxicity of inhaled double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs). In the present study, we compared the pulmonary toxicity of DWCNT to MWCNT-7, a well-known multi-walled carbon nanotube. Rats were divided into six groups: untreated, vehicle, low-dose DWCNT, high-dose DWCNT, low-dose MWCNT-7, and high-dose MWCNT-7. The test materials were administered by intra-tracheal intra-pulmonary spraying (TIPS) every other day for 15 days: the low-dose and high-dose groups were administered final total doses of 0.25 and 0.50 mg/rat of the test material. The animals were sacrificed 1 and 6 weeks after the final TIPS administration. Six weeks after the final TIPS administration, rats administered MWCNT-7 had high levels of macrophage infiltration into the lung with dense alveolar wall fibrous thickening throughout the lung; significant elevation of lactate dehydrogenase activity, alkaline phosphatase activity, and total protein concentration in the bronchioalveolar lavage fluid; an increase in the pulmonary cell PCNA index; slightly elevated levels of 8-OHdG DNA adducts in lung tissue DNA; a small but significant increase in protein concentration in the pleural cavity lavage fluid and an increase in the visceral mesothelial cell PCNA index. None of these parameters was increased in rats administered DWCNT. The primary lesion in rats administered DWCNT was scattered formation of granulation tissue containing internalized DWCNT fibers. Our data indicate that DWCNT has lower pulmonary and pleural toxicity than MWCNT-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M El-Gazzar
- Nanotoxicology Project, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abdelgied
- Nanotoxicology Project, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | | | | | - Takamasa Numano
- Nanotoxicology Project, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masaaki Iigo
- Nanotoxicology Project, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Aya Naiki
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takase
- Core Laboratory, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akihiko Hirose
- Division of Risk Assessment, National Institute of Hygienic Sciences, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Jun Kannno
- Bioassay Research Center, Japan Industrial Safety and Health Association, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Osama Saeid Elokle
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ashraf Mohamed Nazem
- Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hiroyuki Tsuda
- Nanotoxicology Project, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan.
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11
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Abdelgied M, El-Gazzar AM, Alexander DB, Alexander WT, Numano T, Iigou M, Naiki-Ito A, Takase H, Abdou KA, Hirose A, Taquahashi Y, Kanno J, Tsuda H, Takahashi S. Potassium octatitanate fibers induce persistent lung and pleural injury and are possibly carcinogenic in male Fischer 344 rats. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:2164-2177. [PMID: 29774637 PMCID: PMC6029824 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Potassium octatitanate fibers (K2O·8TiO2, POT fibers) are widely used as an alternative to asbestos. We investigated the pulmonary and pleural toxicity of POT fibers with reference to 2 non‐fibrous titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nTiO2), photoreactive anatase (a‐nTiO2) and inert rutile (r‐nTiO2). Ten‐week‐old male F344 rats were given 0.5 mL of 250 μg/mL suspensions of POT fibers, a‐nTiO2, or r‐nTiO2, 8 times (1 mg/rat) over a 15‐day period by trans‐tracheal intrapulmonary spraying (TIPS). Rats were killed at 6 hours and at 4 weeks after the last TIPS dose. Alveolar macrophages were significantly increased in all treatment groups at 6 hours and at 4 weeks. At week 4, a‐nTiO2 and r‐nTiO2 were largely cleared from the lung whereas a major fraction of POT fibers were not cleared. In the bronchoalveolar lavage, alkaline phosphatase activity was elevated in all treatment groups, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity was elevated in the a‐nTiO2 and POT groups. In lung tissue, oxidative stress index and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) index were elevated in the a‐nTiO2 and POT groups, and there was a significant elevation in C‐C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) mRNA and protein in the POT group. In pleural cavity lavage, total protein was elevated in all 3 treatment groups, and LDH activity was elevated in the a‐nTiO2 and POT groups. Importantly, the PCNA index of the visceral mesothelium was increased in the POT group. Overall, POT fibers had greater biopersistence, induced higher expression of CCL2, and provoked a stronger tissue response than a‐nTiO2 or r‐nTiO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abdelgied
- Nanotoxicology Project, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M El-Gazzar
- Nanotoxicology Project, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | | | - Takamasa Numano
- Nanotoxicology Project, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masaaki Iigou
- Nanotoxicology Project, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Aya Naiki-Ito
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Takase
- Core Laboratory, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Khaled Abbas Abdou
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Akihiko Hirose
- Division of Risk Assessment, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuhji Taquahashi
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Toxicology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Kanno
- Japan Industrial Safety and Health Association, Japan Bioassay Research Center, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tsuda
- Nanotoxicology Project, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
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