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Zhao S, Li L, Komohara Y, Matsubara E, Shinchi Y, Adawy A, Yano H, Pan C, Fujiwara Y, Ikeda K, Suzu S, Hibi T, Suzuki M. IL-32 production from lung adenocarcinoma cells is potentially involved in immunosuppressive microenvironment. Med Mol Morphol 2024; 57:91-100. [PMID: 38316697 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-023-00378-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Interleukin 32 (IL-32) is a proinflammatory cytokine secreted from several kinds of cancer cells. In the present study, we investigated the significance of IL-32 in lung adenocarcinoma by immunohistochemistry and bioinformatics analysis. IL-32 was positive in cancer cells of 21 cases (9.2%) of total 228 cases. Increased IL-32 gene expression was linked to worse clinical course in TCGA analysis, however, IL-32 expression in immunohistochemistry was not associated to clinical course in our cohort. It was also found that high IL-32 expression was seen in cases with increased lymphocyte infiltration. In vitro studies indicated that IFN-γ induced gene expression of IL-32 and PD1-ligands in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. IL-32, especially IL-32β, also induced overexpression of PD1-ligands in human monocyte-derived macrophages. Additionally, Cancer-cell-derived IL-32 was elevated by stimulation with anticancer agents. In conclusion, IL-32 potentially induced by inflammatory conditions and anticancer therapy and contribute to immune escape of cancer cells via development the immunosuppressive microenvironment. IL-32 might be a target molecule for anti-cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shukang Zhao
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Breast Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Lianbo Li
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Transplantation, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Komohara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.
- Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
| | - Eri Matsubara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Breast Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yusuke Shinchi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Breast Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Ahmad Adawy
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Transplantation, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hiromu Yano
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Cheng Pan
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yukio Fujiwara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Koei Ikeda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Breast Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Shinya Suzu
- Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Taizo Hibi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Transplantation, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Makoto Suzuki
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Breast Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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Makino K, Ishii T, Takeda H, Saito Y, Fujiwara Y, Fujimoto M, Ito T, Wakama S, Kumagai K, Munekage F, Horie H, Tomofuji K, Oshima Y, Uebayashi EY, Kawai T, Ogiso S, Fukumitsu K, Takai A, Seno H, Hatano E. Integrated analyses of the genetic and clinicopathological features of cholangiolocarcinoma: cholangiolocarcinoma may be characterized by mismatch-repair deficiency. J Pathol 2024; 263:32-46. [PMID: 38362598 DOI: 10.1002/path.6257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Cholangiolocarcinoma (CLC) is a primary liver carcinoma that resembles the canals of Hering and that has been reported to be associated with stem cell features. Due to its rarity, the nature of CLC remains unclear, and its pathological classification remains controversial. To clarify the positioning of CLC in primary liver cancers and identify characteristics that could distinguish CLC from other liver cancers, we performed integrated analyses using whole-exome sequencing (WES), immunohistochemistry, and a retrospective review of clinical information on eight CLC cases and two cases of recurrent CLC. WES demonstrated that CLC includes IDH1 and BAP1 mutations, which are characteristic of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA). A mutational signature analysis showed a pattern similar to that of iCCA, which was different from that of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). CLC cells, including CK7, CK19, and EpCAM, were positive for cholangiocytic differentiation markers. However, the hepatocytic differentiation marker AFP and stem cell marker SALL4 were completely negative. The immunostaining patterns of CLC with CD56 and epithelial membrane antigen were similar to those of the noncancerous bile ductules. In contrast, mutational signature cluster analyses revealed that CLC formed a cluster associated with mismatch-repair deficiency (dMMR), which was separate from iCCA. Therefore, to evaluate MMR status, we performed immunostaining of four MMR proteins (PMS2, MSH6, MLH1, and MSH2) and detected dMMR in almost all CLCs. In conclusion, CLC had highly similar characteristics to iCCA but not to HCC. CLC can be categorized as a subtype of iCCA. In contrast, CLC has characteristics of dMMR tumors that are not found in iCCA, suggesting that it should be treated distinctly from iCCA. © 2024 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Makino
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takamichi Ishii
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Takeda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoichi Saito
- Laboratory of Bioengineering, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yukio Fujiwara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masakazu Fujimoto
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Ito
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Wakama
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ken Kumagai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Munekage
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Horie
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Tomofuji
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yu Oshima
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Takayuki Kawai
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Medical Research Institute Kitano Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ogiso
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ken Fukumitsu
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Seno
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Etsuro Hatano
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Sasaki H, Umezawa N, Itakura T, Iwai H, Yasuda S. Pathogenicity of functionally activated PD-1 +CD8 + cells and counterattacks by muscular PD-L1 through IFNγ in myositis. J Autoimmun 2024; 142:103131. [PMID: 37931332 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2023.103131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Programmed-cell-death 1 (PD-1) expression is associated not only with T-cell activation but with exhaustion. Specifically, PD-1+ T cells present an exhausted phenotype in conditions of chronic antigen exposure, such as tumor microenvironments and chronic viral infection. However, the immune status regarding exhaustion of PD-1+CD8+ T cells in chronic autoimmune diseases including idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) remains unclear. We aimed to clarify the role of PD-1+CD8+ T cells and PD-1 ligand (PD-L1) in IIMs. We showed that PD-1+ cells infiltrated into PD-L1-expressing muscles in patients with IIMs and immune checkpoint inhibitor-related myopathy. According to the peripheral blood immunophenotyping, the PD-1+CD8+ cell proportions were comparable between the active and inactive patients. Of note, PD-1+CD8+ cells in the active patients highly expressed cytolytic molecules, indicating their activation, while PD-1-CD8+ cells expressed low levels of cytolytic molecules in the active and inactive patients. A part of PD-1+CD8+ cells expressed the HMG-box transcription factor TOX highly and presented the exhausted phenotype in the active patients. Among PD-1+CD4+ T cells, PD-1highCXCR5-CD45RO+CD4+ peripheral helper T cells were increased in the active patients. PD-L1-deficient mice developed severer C-protein-induced myositis (CIM), a model of polymyositis, with abundant infiltration of PD-1+CD8+ cells expressing cytolytic molecules than wild-type mice, indicating pathogenicity of the PD-1+CD8+ cells and the protective role of PD-L1. The deficiency of IFNγ, a general PD-L1-inducer, impaired muscular PD-L1 expression and exacerbated CIM, indicating IFNγ-dependent muscular PD-L1 regulation. IFNγ-induced PD-L1 on myotubes was protective in an established muscle injury model. In conclusion, PD-1+CD8+ T cells rather than PD-1-CD8+ T cells were a pathogenic subset of IIMs. Muscular PD-L1 was regulated by IFNγ and exerted protective properties in IIMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Sasaki
- Department of Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Natsuka Umezawa
- Department of Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuji Itakura
- Department of Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Iwai
- Department of Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Yasuda
- Department of Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan.
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Tong Z, Wang X, Liu H, Ding J, Chu Y, Zhou X. The relationship between tumor infiltrating immune cells and the prognosis of patients with lung adenocarcinoma. J Thorac Dis 2023; 15:600-610. [PMID: 36910049 PMCID: PMC9992595 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-22-1837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Background To depict the immune infiltration characteristics of tumor cells in patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and evaluate the predictive value and significance of tumor immune cells on the prognosis of LUAD patients. Methods The clinical characteristics and transcriptome of LUAD patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and the immune cell abundance in LUAD tissue was evaluated using the CIBERSORT algorithm. We created a simplified immune cell-based Cox regression model according to the survival status of patients and clarified the correlation between the survival status of patients and seven types of immune cells. An immune cell-based risk prediction model was created by Cox proportional hazards regression. Subsequently, the gene expression profile of LUAD patients was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to validate the tumor immune infiltration and patient prognosis prediction model attained using the CIBERSORT algorithm. Results The abundance of 22 tumor-infiltrating immune cells in these patients was detected using the CIBERSORT algorithm. According to Pearson correlation analysis, the immune cells appeared to be closely related to each other. The immune cell composition was remarkably different between the LUAD tumor tissue and paracancerous tissue. The simplified COX model showed that seven kinds of immune cells have predictive value for the prognosis and survival status of LUAD. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) curve confirmed that the prediction model performed well for 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival status. The calibration curve suggested that the prediction model was consistent with the clinical results. Correlation analysis revealed that the clinical features were significantly related to immune cell infiltration. A total of 246 LUAD specimens were from the GEO database, and the risk score model suggested that high risk scores were indicative of a poor prognosis. Finally, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) revealed that the expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 8 (IL-8), IL-6, and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in tumor tissues were remarkably higher compared with those in adjacent tissues. Conclusions There is a close correlation between the tumor-infiltrating immune cells and the prognosis and clinical characteristics of LUAD patients. The risk score model based on TCGA and GEO designed in this study can be applied in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Tong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Gerontology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Department of Pathology, Qiqihar Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Jian Ding
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar, China
| | - Yinling Chu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar, China
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AmeliMojarad M, AmeliMojarad M, Cui X. Prospective role of PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors in GI cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 244:154338. [PMID: 36905697 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
One of the mechanisms by which tumor cells can evade the immune system is over activation of the programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) / programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) pathway. The binding of PD-1 to its ligand PD-L1 can trigger an inhibitory signal for reducing T-cell proliferation, inhibiting the anticancer effect of T cells, and limiting the anti-tumor immunity of effectors T cell responses to protect tissues from immune-mediated tissue damage in the tumor microenvironment (TME). PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors have created a new pattern in cancer immunotherapy and can increase T cell- surveillance; therefore, the development of better clinical application of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors can significantly enhance antitumor immunity and prolong survival in GI cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandana AmeliMojarad
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, PR China
| | - Melika AmeliMojarad
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, PR China
| | - Xiaonan Cui
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, PR China.
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Tang Q, Chen Y, Li X, Long S, Shi Y, Yu Y, Wu W, Han L, Wang S. The role of PD-1/PD-L1 and application of immune-checkpoint inhibitors in human cancers. Front Immunol 2022; 13:964442. [PMID: 36177034 PMCID: PMC9513184 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.964442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) is a checkpoint receptor expressed on the surface of various immune cells. PD-L1, the natural receptor for PD-1, is mainly expressed in tumor cells. Studies have indicated that PD-1 and PD-L1 are closely associated with the progression of human cancers and are promising biomarkers for cancer therapy. Moreover, the interaction of PD-1 and PD-L1 is one of the important mechanism by which human tumors generate immune escape. This article provides a review on the role of PD-L1/PD-1, mechanisms of immune response and resistance, as well as immune-related adverse events in the treatment of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy in human cancers. Moreover, we summarized a large number of clinical trials to successfully reveal that PD-1/PD-L1 Immune-checkpoint inhibitors have manifested promising therapeutic effects, which have been evaluated from different perspectives, including overall survival, objective effective rate and medium progression-free survival. Finally, we pointed out the current problems faced by PD-1/PD-L1 Immune-checkpoint inhibitors and its future prospects. Although PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors have been widely used in the treatment of human cancers, tough challenges still remain. Combination therapy and predictive models based on integrated biomarker determination theory may be the future directions for the application of PD-1/PD-L1 Immune-checkpoint inhibitors in treating human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Tang
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Clinical and Basic Research Team of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), Department of Oncology, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shunqin Long
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Clinical and Basic Research Team of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), Department of Oncology, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao Shi
- Department of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaya Yu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanyin Wu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Clinical and Basic Research Team of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), Department of Oncology, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wanyin Wu, ; Ling Han, ; Sumei Wang,
| | - Ling Han
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wanyin Wu, ; Ling Han, ; Sumei Wang,
| | - Sumei Wang
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Clinical and Basic Research Team of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), Department of Oncology, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wanyin Wu, ; Ling Han, ; Sumei Wang,
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