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Ramalakshmi N, Chitra SR, Manimegalai P, Arunkumar S. Design, Synthesis, Docking and Biological Evaluation of Novel 4-hydroxy Coumarin Derivatives. Curr Comput Aided Drug Des 2021; 17:201-213. [PMID: 32003699 DOI: 10.2174/1573409916666200131142619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hospital-acquired (HA) infections are caused due to E. coli, which is resistant to multiple drugs particularly to fluoroquinolone class of drugs. Urinary tract infections (UTI) affects people in the community and hospitals. 150 million people per annum are suffering from UTI worldwide. METHODS In this present study, we designed 36 novel coumarin derivatives, also we predicted pharmacokinetic and toxicity parameters. Docking studies were also carried out and all the compounds were evaluated for antibacterial activity against resistant quinolone E. coli strain ATCC 25922. It was interesting to note that the introduction of electron-withdrawing group on the aromatic ring resulted in compounds with an increased antibacterial activity, which is observed in compound 6 (with 4-nitro substitution), compound 23 (chloro) and compound 30 (chloro, nitro). RESULTS From the MIC results, it was observed that compounds 6, 23 and 30 showed higher activity with 0.5μg/ml, 0. 12 μg/ml, 0.5 μg/ml respectively. Docking studies were performed with the active site of DNA gyrase (PDB ID: 4CKK). The maximum binding energy was found to be -10.7 Kcal/mol. CONCLUSION From the study, it was found that 3 compounds were potentially active against quinolone- resistant E. coli strains. This study can further be extended for in vivo evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ramalakshmi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, C.L. BaidMetha College of Pharmacy, Thoraipakkam, Chennai-97, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S R Chitra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, C.L. BaidMetha College of Pharmacy, Thoraipakkam, Chennai-97, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P Manimegalai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, C.L. BaidMetha College of Pharmacy, Thoraipakkam, Chennai-97, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Arunkumar
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gulf Medical University, Ajmaan, United Arab Emirates
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2
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Tukulula M, Louw S, Njoroge M, Chibale K. Synthesis and In Vitro Antiprotozoan Evaluation of 4-/8-Aminoquinoline-based Lactams and Tetrazoles. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25245941. [PMID: 33333924 PMCID: PMC7765388 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25245941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A second generation of 4-aminoquinoline- and 8-aminoquinoline-based tetrazoles and lactams were synthesized via the Staudinger and Ugi multicomponent reactions. These compounds were subsequently evaluated in vitro for their potential antiplasmodium activity against a multidrug-resistant K1 strain and for their antitrypanosomal activity against a cultured T. b. rhodesiense STIB900 strain. Several of these compounds (4a-g) displayed good antiplasmodium activities (IC50 = 0.20-0.62 µM) that were comparable to the reference drugs, while their antitrypanosomal activity was moderate (<20 µM). Compound 4e was 2-fold more active than primaquine and was also the most active (IC50 = 7.01 µM) against T. b. rhodesiense and also exhibited excellent aqueous solubility (>200 µM) at pH 7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matshawandile Tukulula
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +27-31-260-8756; Fax: +27-31-260-3091
| | - Stefan Louw
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa; (S.L.); (M.N.); (K.C.)
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Namibia, Windhoek 10005, Namibia
| | - Mathew Njoroge
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa; (S.L.); (M.N.); (K.C.)
| | - Kelly Chibale
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa; (S.L.); (M.N.); (K.C.)
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
- South African Medical Research Council Drug Discovery and Development Research Unit, Department of Chemistry University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
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Rossi R, Ciofalo M. An Updated Review on the Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Molecular Hybrids and Conjugates Bearing Imidazole Moiety. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25215133. [PMID: 33158247 PMCID: PMC7663458 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid growth of serious infections caused by antibiotic resistant bacteria, especially the nosocomial ESKAPE pathogens, has been acknowledged by Governments and scientists and is one of the world's major health problems. Various strategies have been and are currently investigated and developed to reduce and/or delay the bacterial resistance. One of these strategies regards the design and development of antimicrobial hybrids and conjugates. This unprecedented critical review, in which our continuing interest in the synthesis and evaluation of the bioactivity of imidazole derivatives is testified, aims to summarise and comment on the results obtained from the end of the 1900s until February 2020 in studies conducted by numerous international research groups on the synthesis and evaluation of the antibacterial properties of imidazole-based molecular hybrids and conjugates in which the pharmacophoric constituents of these compounds are directly covalently linked or connected through a linker or spacer. In this review, significant attention was paid to summarise the strategies used to overcome the antibiotic resistance of pathogens whose infections are difficult to treat with conventional antibiotics. However, it does not include literature data on the synthesis and evaluation of the bioactivity of hybrids and conjugates in which an imidazole moiety is fused with a carbo- or heterocyclic subunit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renzo Rossi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi, 3, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence: (R.R.); (M.C.)
| | - Maurizio Ciofalo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 4, I-90128 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence: (R.R.); (M.C.)
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4
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Rani A, Johansen MD, Roquet-Banères F, Kremer L, Awolade P, Ebenezer O, Singh P, Sumanjit, Kumar V. Design and synthesis of 4-Aminoquinoline-isoindoline-dione-isoniazid triads as potential anti-mycobacterials. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127576. [PMID: 32980514 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A series of 4-aminoquinoline-isoindoline-dione-isoniazid triads were synthesized and assessed for their anti-mycobacterial activities and cytotoxicity. Most of the synthesized compounds exhibited promising activities against the mc26230 strain of M. tuberculosis with MIC in the range of 5.1-11.9 µM and were non-cytotoxic against Vero cells. The conjugates lacking either isoniazid or quinoline core in their structural framework failed to inhibit the growth of M. tuberculosis; thus, further strengthening the proposed design of triads in the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu Rani
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Matt D Johansen
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie (IRIM) de Montpellier, CNRS, UMR 9004 Université de Montpellier, France
| | - Françoise Roquet-Banères
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie (IRIM) de Montpellier, CNRS, UMR 9004 Université de Montpellier, France
| | - Laurent Kremer
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie (IRIM) de Montpellier, CNRS, UMR 9004 Université de Montpellier, France; INSERM, IRIM, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Paul Awolade
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P/Bag X54001, Westville, Durban, South Africa
| | - Oluwakemi Ebenezer
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P/Bag X54001, Westville, Durban, South Africa
| | - Parvesh Singh
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P/Bag X54001, Westville, Durban, South Africa
| | - Sumanjit
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Vipan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India.
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5
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Alves AJ, Alves NG, Caratão CC, Esteves MI, Fontinha D, Bártolo I, Soares MI, Lopes SM, Prudêncio M, Taveira N, Pinho e Melo TM. Spiro-Lactams as Novel Antimicrobial Agents. Curr Top Med Chem 2020; 20:140-152. [DOI: 10.2174/1568026619666191105110049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Introduction:
Structural modulation of previously identified lead spiro-β-lactams with antimicrobial
activity was carried out.
Objective:
The main objective of this work was to synthesize and evaluate the biological activity of
novel spiro-lactams based on previously identified lead compounds with antimicrobial activity.
Methods:
The target chiral spiro-γ-lactams were synthesized through 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction
of a diazo-γ-lactam with electron-deficient dipolarophiles. In vitro activity against HIV and Plasmodium
of a wide range of spiro-β-lactams and spiro-γ-lactams was evaluated. Among these compounds, one
derivative with good anti-HIV activity and two with promising antiplasmodial activity (IC50 < 3.5 µM)
were identified.
Results:
A novel synthetic route to chiral spiro-γ-lactams has been established. The studied β- and γ-
lactams were not cytotoxic, and three compounds with promising antimicrobial activity were identified,
whose structural modulation may lead to new and more potent drugs.
Conclusion:
The designed structural modulation of biologically active spiro-β-lactams involved the replacement
of the four-membered β-lactam ring by a five-membered γ-lactam ring. Although conformational
and superimposition computational studies revealed no significant differences between β- and γ-
lactam pharmacophoric features, the studied structural modulation did not lead to compounds with a
similar biological profile. The observed results suggest that the β-lactamic core is a requirement for the
activity against both HIV and Plasmodium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Américo J.S. Alves
- CQC and Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Nuno G. Alves
- CQC and Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cátia C. Caratão
- CQC and Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Diana Fontinha
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular Joao Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Inês Bártolo
- Instituto de Investigacao do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmacia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria I.L. Soares
- CQC and Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Susana M.M. Lopes
- CQC and Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Miguel Prudêncio
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular Joao Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Nuno Taveira
- Instituto de Investigacao do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmacia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
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Saini P, Bari S, Sahoo SC, Khullar S, Mandal SK, Bhalla A. Stereoselective synthesis and characterization of novel trans-4-(thiophenyl)pyrazolyl-β-lactams and their C–3 functionalization. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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7
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Méndez L, Poeylaut-Palena AA, Mata EG. Molecular Diversity by Olefin Cross-Metathesis on Solid Support. Generation of Libraries of Biologically Promising β-Lactam Derivatives. Molecules 2018; 23:E1193. [PMID: 29772720 PMCID: PMC6100001 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23051193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of the reagent-based diversification strategy for generation of libraries of biologically promising β-lactam derivatives is described. Key features are the versatility of the linker used and the cross-metathesis functionalization at the cleavage step. From an immobilized primary library, diversity was expanded by applying different cleavage conditions, leading to a series of cholesterol absorption inhibitor analogues together with interesting hybrid compounds through incorporation of a chalcone moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Méndez
- Instituto de Química Rosario, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario-CONICET, Suipacha 531, Rosario S2002LRK, Argentina.
| | - Andrés A Poeylaut-Palena
- Instituto de Química Rosario, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario-CONICET, Suipacha 531, Rosario S2002LRK, Argentina.
| | - Ernesto G Mata
- Instituto de Química Rosario, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario-CONICET, Suipacha 531, Rosario S2002LRK, Argentina.
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8
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Alkylated/aminated nitroimidazoles and nitroimidazole-7-chloroquinoline conjugates: Synthesis and anti-mycobacterial evaluation. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:1309-1312. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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9
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Jarrahpour A, Aye M, Rad JA, Yousefinejad S, Sinou V, Latour C, Brunel JM, Turos E. Design, synthesis, activity evaluation and QSAR studies of novel antimalarial 1,2,3-triazolo-β-lactam derivatives. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-018-1330-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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10
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Abstract
During the past century, β-lactams have been identified as the core of penicillin and since then several strategies have been developed for their synthesis.
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11
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Rani A, Singh A, Gut J, Rosenthal PJ, Kumar V. Microwave-promoted facile access to 4-aminoquinoline-phthalimides: Synthesis and anti-plasmodial evaluation. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 143:150-156. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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12
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Nqoro X, Tobeka N, Aderibigbe BA. Quinoline-Based Hybrid Compounds with Antimalarial Activity. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22122268. [PMID: 29257067 PMCID: PMC6149725 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22122268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The application of quinoline-based compounds for the treatment of malaria infections is hampered by drug resistance. Drug resistance has led to the combination of quinolines with other classes of antimalarials resulting in enhanced therapeutic outcomes. However, the combination of antimalarials is limited by drug-drug interactions. In order to overcome the aforementioned factors, several researchers have reported hybrid compounds prepared by reacting quinoline-based compounds with other compounds via selected functionalities. This review will focus on the currently reported quinoline-based hybrid compounds and their preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xhamla Nqoro
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice Campus, Alice 5700, Eastern Cape, South Africa.
| | - Naki Tobeka
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice Campus, Alice 5700, Eastern Cape, South Africa.
| | - Blessing A Aderibigbe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice Campus, Alice 5700, Eastern Cape, South Africa.
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13
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Rani A, Viljoen A, Sumanjit, Kremer L, Kumar V. Microwave-Assisted Highly Efficient Route to 4-Aminoquinoline-Phthalimide Conjugates: Synthesis and Anti-Tubercular Evaluation. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201702220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anu Rani
- Department of Chemistry; Guru Nanak Dev University; Amritsar- 143005 India
| | - Albertus Viljoen
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie (IRIM); CNRS, UMR 9004; Université de Montpellier; France
| | - Sumanjit
- Department of Chemistry; Guru Nanak Dev University; Amritsar- 143005 India
| | - Laurent Kremer
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie (IRIM); CNRS, UMR 9004; Université de Montpellier; France
- INSERM, IRIM; 34293 Montpellier France
| | - Vipan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry; Guru Nanak Dev University; Amritsar- 143005 India
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Azide-alkyne cycloaddition en route to 4-aminoquinoline-ferrocenylchalcone conjugates: synthesis and anti-TB evaluation. Future Med Chem 2017; 9:1701-1708. [PMID: 28869400 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2017-0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Tuberculosis is responsible for 9.6 million infections and 1.5 million deaths in 2015. The development of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant strains has impeded the development of effective antitubercular therapy. Results/methodology: The present manuscript describes the synthesis of a series of 4-aminoquinoline-ferrocenylchalcone conjugates via Cu-promoted Huisgen's azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction and evaluation of their antitubercular activities against mc26230 strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The conjugate 11j proved to be the most potent of the synthesized conjugates with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC99) value of 30 μM and proved to be noncytotoxic against HeLa cells. CONCLUSION The synthesized conjugates can act as starting point for the development of new antitubercular agents. Synthesis and antitubercular evaluation of 1H-1,2,3-triazole-tethered 4-aminoquinoline-ferrocenylchalcone conjugates. [Formula: see text].
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15
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Bhalla J, Bari SS, Rathee A, Kumar A, Bhalla A. Pyrimidine and Pyrazole Linked Azetidin-2-ones: Entry to Novel Class of β-Lactam Heterocycles. J Heterocycl Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.2817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jitender Bhalla
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry; Panjab University; Chandigarh 160014 India
| | - Shamsher S. Bari
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry; Panjab University; Chandigarh 160014 India
| | - Aditi Rathee
- Department of Microbiology; Panjab University; Chandigarh 160014 India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Centre for Systems Biology and Bioinformatics; Panjab University; Chandigarh 160014 India
| | - Aman Bhalla
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry; Panjab University; Chandigarh 160014 India
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Highly Selective Amide-tethered 4-aminoquinoline-β-lactam Based Electrochemical Sensors for Zn (II) ion Recognition. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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17
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Raj R, Saini A, Gut J, Rosenthal PJ, Kumar V. Synthesis and in vitro antiplasmodial evaluation of 7-chloroquinoline–chalcone and 7-chloroquinoline–ferrocenylchalcone conjugates. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 95:230-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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18
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Raj R, Land KM, Kumar V. 4-Aminoquinoline-hybridization en route towards the development of rationally designed antimalarial agents. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra16361g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent developments in 4-aminoquinoline-hybridization, as an attractive strategy for averting and delaying the drug resistance along with improvement in efficacy of new antimalarials, are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghu Raj
- Department of Chemistry
- Guru Nanak Dev University
- Amritsar-143005
- India
| | - Kirkwood M. Land
- Department of Biological Sciences
- University of the Pacific
- Stockton
- USA
| | - Vipan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry
- Guru Nanak Dev University
- Amritsar-143005
- India
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19
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Vandekerckhove S, D'hooghe M. Quinoline-based antimalarial hybrid compounds. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 23:5098-119. [PMID: 25593097 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Revised: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Quinoline-containing compounds, such as quinine and chloroquine, have a long-standing history as potent antimalarial agents. However, the increasing resistance of the Plasmodium parasite against these drugs and the lack of licensed malaria vaccines have forced chemists to develop synthetic strategies toward novel biologically active molecules. A strategy that has attracted considerable attention in current medicinal chemistry is based on the conjugation of two biologically active molecules into one hybrid compound. Since quinolines are considered to be privileged antimalarial building blocks, the synthesis of quinoline-containing antimalarial hybrids has been elaborated extensively in recent years. This review provides a literature overview of antimalarial hybrid molecules containing a quinoline core, covering publications between 2009 and 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Vandekerckhove
- SynBioC Research Group, Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Matthias D'hooghe
- SynBioC Research Group, Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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Kumar K, Pradines B, Madamet M, Amalvict R, Kumar V. 1H-1,2,3-triazole tethered mono- and bis-ferrocenylchalcone-β-lactam conjugates: Synthesis and antimalarial evaluation. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 86:113-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.08.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Revised: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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21
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Keri RS, Patil SA. Quinoline: A promising antitubercular target. Biomed Pharmacother 2014; 68:1161-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2014.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Raj R, Mehra V, Gut J, Rosenthal PJ, Wicht KJ, Egan TJ, Hopper M, Wrischnik LA, Land KM, Kumar V. Discovery of highly selective 7-chloroquinoline-thiohydantoins with potent antimalarial activity. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 84:425-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Revised: 07/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Raj R, Sharma V, Hopper MJ, Patel N, Hall D, Wrischnik LA, Land KM, Kumar V. Synthesis and preliminary in vitro activity of mono- and bis-1 H-1,2,3-triazole-tethered β-lactam-isatin conjugates against the human protozoal pathogen Trichomonas vaginalis. Med Chem Res 2014; 23:3671-3680. [PMID: 32214766 PMCID: PMC7080013 DOI: 10.1007/s00044-014-0956-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we describe the synthesis of mono- and bis-1H-1,2,3-triazole-tethered β-lactam-isatin conjugates using copper-catalysed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction between mono- and di-propargylated azetidin-2-ones and N-alkylazido isatins. The synthesized conjugates were evaluated for their preliminary in vitro analysis against Trichomonas vaginalis at 50 μM. The efficacy of synthesized hybrids was observed to depend on the substituent at N-1 position of β-lactam ring, as well as the presence of single/double 1H-1,2,3-triazole linker. Among the synthesized conjugates, the presence of a p-tolyl substituent at N-1 of β-lactam ring was preferred for good activity profiles while the increase in spacer length did not influence the efficacy of the compounds. Compounds with high levels of potency were further analysed to determine their IC50 values, as well as cytotoxicity profiles against mammalian cells. The most active compound in the synthesized conjugates displayed an IC50 value of 10.49 μM against cultured G3 strain of T. vaginalis and was non-toxic to cultured mammalian HeLa cells at the same concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghu Raj
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005 Punjab India
| | - Vaishali Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005 Punjab India
| | - Melissa J. Hopper
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211 USA
| | - Neal Patel
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211 USA
| | - Dominique Hall
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211 USA
| | - Lisa A. Wrischnik
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211 USA
| | - Kirkwood M. Land
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211 USA
| | - Vipan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005 Punjab India
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