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Soliman AM, Ghorab WM, Lotfy DM, Karam HM, Ghorab MM, Ramadan LA. Novel iodoquinazolinones bearing sulfonamide moiety as potential antioxidants and neuroprotectors. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15546. [PMID: 37730974 PMCID: PMC10511408 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42239-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In a search for new antioxidants, a set of new iodoquinazolinone derivatives bearing benzenesulfonamide moiety and variable acetamide pharmacophores 5-17 were designed and synthesized. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed based on spectral data. Compounds 5-17 were screened using in vitro assay for their antioxidant potential and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity. The 2-(6-iodo-4-oxo-3-(4-sulfamoylphenyl)-3,4-dihydroquinazolin-2-ylthio)-N-(pyrazin-2-yl) acetamide 14 was the most active scaffold with potent AChE inhibitory activity. Compound 14 showed relative safety with a median lethal dose of 300 mg/kg (LD50 = 300 mg/kg), in an acute toxicity study. The possible antioxidant and neuroprotective activities of 14 were evaluated in irradiated mice. Compound 14 possessed in vivo AChE inhibitory activity and was able to modify the brain neurotransmitters. It was able to cause mitigation of gamma radiation-induced oxidative stress verified by the decline in Myeloperoxidase (MPO) and increase of glutathione (GSH) levels. Also, 14 restored the alterations in behavioral tests. Molecular docking of 14 was performed inside MPO and AChE active sites and showed the same binding interactions as that of the co-crystallized ligands considering the binding possibilities and energy scores. These findings would support that 14 could be considered a promising antioxidant with a neuromodulatory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiten M Soliman
- Drug Chemistry Laboratory, Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, 11787, Egypt
| | - Walid M Ghorab
- Drug Chemistry Laboratory, Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, 11787, Egypt
| | - Dina M Lotfy
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, 11787, Egypt
| | - Heba M Karam
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, 11787, Egypt
| | - Mostafa M Ghorab
- Drug Chemistry Laboratory, Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, 11787, Egypt.
| | - Laila A Ramadan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo-Suez Road, Badr City, Cairo, 11829, Egypt
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Hou W, Dai W, Huang H, Liu SL, Liu J, Huang LJ, Huang XH, Zeng JL, Gan ZW, Zhang ZY, Lan JX. Pharmacological activity and mechanism of pyrazines. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 258:115544. [PMID: 37300915 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Heterocycles are common in the structure of drugs used clinically to deal with diseases. Such drugs usually contain nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, which possess electron-accepting capacity and can form hydrogen bonds. These properties often bring enhanced target binding ability to these compounds when compared to alkanes. Pyrazine is a nitrogen-containing six-membered heterocyclic ring and many of its derivatives are identified as bioactive molecules. We review here the most active pyrazine compounds in terms of their structure, activity in vitro and in vivo (mainly antitumor activity) and the reported mechanisms of action. References have been downloaded through Web of Science, PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar and SciFinder Scholar. Publications reporting only the chemistry of pyrazine derivatives are beyond the scope of this review and have not been included. We found that compounds in which a pyrazine ring was fused into other heterocycles especially pyrrole or imidazole were the highly studied pyrazine derivatives, whose antineoplastic activity had been widely investigated. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first review of pyrazine derivatives and their bioactivity, especially their antitumor activity. This review should be useful for those engaged in development of medications based on heterocyclic compounds especially those based on pyrazine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Hou
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China
| | - Wei Dai
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China
| | - Hao Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China
| | - Sheng-Lan Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China
| | - Jun Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Le-Jun Huang
- College of Rehabilitation, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China
| | - Xian-Hua Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China
| | - Jun-Lin Zeng
- HuanKui Academy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, PR China
| | - Zhi-Wei Gan
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China
| | - Zhen-Yu Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China
| | - Jin-Xia Lan
- College of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China.
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Ali I, Rafique R, Khan KM, Chigurupati S, Ji X, Wadood A, Rehman AU, Salar U, Alyamani NM, Hameed S, Taha M, Hussain S, Perveen S. Benzofuran Hybrids as Cholinesterase (AChE and BChE) Inhibitors: In Vitro, In Silico, and Kinetic Studies. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2022; 48:1322-1337. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162022060061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
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Taheri M, Aslani S, Ghafouri H, Mohammadi A, Akbary Moghaddam V, Moradi N, Naeimi H. Synthesis, in vitro biological evaluation and molecular modelling of new 2-chloro-3-hydrazinopyrazine derivatives as potent acetylcholinesterase inhibitors on PC12 cells. BMC Chem 2022; 16:7. [PMID: 35193649 PMCID: PMC8864858 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-022-00799-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The loss of cholinergic neurotransmission in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients' brain is accompanied by a reduced concentration of Acetylcholine (ACh) within synaptic clefts. Thus, the use of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) to block the cholinergic degradation of ACh is a promising approach for AD treatment. In the present study, a series of 2-chloro-3-hydrazinopyrazine derivatives (CHP1-5) were designed, synthesized, and biologically evaluated as potential multifunctional anti-AD agents. Methods In addition, the chemical structures and purity of the synthesized compounds were elucidated through using IR, 1H and 13C NMR, and elemental analyses. Further, the intended compounds were assessed in vitro for their AChE inhibitory and neuroprotective effects. Furthermore, DPPH, FRAP and ABTS assays were utilized to determine their antioxidant activity. The statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA. Results Based on the results, CHP4 and CHP5 exhibited strong AChE inhibitory effects with the IC50 values of 3.76 and 4.2 µM compared to the donepezil (0.53 µM), respectively. The study examined the effect and molecular mechanism of CHP4 on the Ab1–42-induced cytotoxicity in differentiated PC12 cells. At concentrations of 0–100 μM, CHP4 was non-toxic in PC12. Additionally, Ab1–42 significantly stimulated tau hyperphosphorylation and induced differentiated PC12 cell death. Further, CHP4 resulted in diminishing the Ab1–42-induced toxicity in PC12 cell significantly. CHP4 at 30 μM concentration significantly increased the Ab1–42-induced HSP70 expression and decreased tau hyperphosphorylation. Conclusions According to the results of our studies CHP4 can be considered as safe and efficient AChEI and employed as a potential multifunctional anti-AD agent. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13065-022-00799-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Taheri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Samira Aslani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Hossein Ghafouri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran. .,Department of Marine Sciences, The Caspian Sea Basin Research Center, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
| | - Asadollah Mohammadi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | | | - Nastarn Moradi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Hananeh Naeimi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
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Baussanne I, Firstova O, Dediu AB, Larosa C, Furdui B, Ghinea IO, Thomas A, Chierici S, Dinica R, Demeunynck M. Interest of novel N-alkylpyridinium-indolizine hybrids in the field of Alzheimer's disease: Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of antioxidant activity, cholinesterase inhibition, and amyloid fibrillation interference. Bioorg Chem 2021; 116:105390. [PMID: 34670332 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A small library of molecules combining indolizine and N-alkyl pyridinium was synthesized and evaluated in a multi-target-directed-ligand strategy for Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatment. The new compounds were classified in three series depending on the number of methylene residues linking the two heterocycles (Ind-PyCx with x = 0, 2 or 3). The molecules were synthesized from the corresponding bis-pyridines by two-step formation of the indolizine core including mono-alkylation of pyridine and 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition with an alkylpropiolate. Their activities against AD's key-targets were evaluated in vitro: acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase (AChE and BChE) inhibition, antioxidant properties and inhibition of amyloid fibril formation. None of the three series showed significant activities against all the targets. The Ind-PyC2 and Ind-PyC3 series are active on eeAChE and hAChE (µM IC50 values). Most of the positively charged molecules from these two series also appeared active against eqBChE, however they lost their activity on hBChE. Comparative molecular modeling of 13 and 15 docked in hAChE and hBChE highlighted the importance of the substituent (p-methoxybenzoyl or methyloxycarbonyl, respectively) located on the indolizine C-3 for the binding. The larger molecule 13 fits more tightly at the active site of the two enzymes than 15 that shows a larger degree of freedom. The Ind-PyC2 and Ind-PyC3 hybrids displayed some antioxidant activity when tested at 750 µg/mL (up to 95% inhibition of DPPH radical scavenging for 10). In both series, most hybrids were also able to interact with amyloid fibers, even if the inhibitory effect was observed at a high 100 µM concentration. The Ind-PyC0 molecules stand out completely due to their spectroscopic properties which prevent their evaluation by Ellman's and ThT assays. However, these molecules showed interesting features in the presence of preformed fibers. In particular, the strong increase in fluorescence of 3 in the presence of amyloid fibers is very promising for its use as a fibrillation fluorescent reporter dye.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olga Firstova
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DPM, Grenoble, France; Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM, Grenoble, France
| | - Andreea Botezatu Dediu
- Dunarea de Jos University of Galaţi, Faculty of Science and Environment, 111 Domneasca Street, 800201 Galaţi, Romania
| | | | - Bianca Furdui
- Dunarea de Jos University of Galaţi, Faculty of Science and Environment, 111 Domneasca Street, 800201 Galaţi, Romania
| | - Ioana Ottilia Ghinea
- Dunarea de Jos University of Galaţi, Faculty of Science and Environment, 111 Domneasca Street, 800201 Galaţi, Romania
| | - Aline Thomas
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DPM, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Rodica Dinica
- Dunarea de Jos University of Galaţi, Faculty of Science and Environment, 111 Domneasca Street, 800201 Galaţi, Romania.
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Ojha M, Yadav D, Kumar A, Dasgupta S, Yadav R. 1,8-Naphthyridine Derivatives: A Privileged Scaffold for Versatile Biological Activities. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 21:586-601. [PMID: 33038911 DOI: 10.2174/1389557520666201009162804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
1, 8- Naphthyridine nucleus belongs to significant nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds which has garnered the interest of researchers due to its versatile biological activities. It is known to be used as an antimicrobial, anti-psychotic, anti-depressant, anti-convulsant, anti- Alzheimer's, anti-cancer, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-viral, anti-hypertensive, antimalarial, pesticides, anti-platelets, and CB2 receptor agonist, etc. The present review highlights the framework of biological properties of synthesized 1, 8-naphthyridine derivatives developed by various research groups across the globe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhwi Ojha
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan-304022, India
| | - Divya Yadav
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan-304022, India
| | - Avinash Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka- 576104, India
| | - Suman Dasgupta
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Nappam, Sonitpur-784028, Assam, India
| | - Rakesh Yadav
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan-304022, India
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Kumar V, Saha A, Roy K. In silico modeling for dual inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) enzymes in Alzheimer's disease. Comput Biol Chem 2020; 88:107355. [PMID: 32801088 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2020.107355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In this research, we have implemented two-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (2D-QSAR) modeling using two different datasets, namely, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) enzyme inhibitors. A third dataset has been derived based on their selectivity and used for the development of partial least squares (PLS) based regression models. The developed models were extensively validated using various internal and external validation parameters. The features appearing in the model against AChE enzyme suggest that a small ring size, higher number of -CH2- groups, higher number of secondary aromatic amines and higher number of aromatic ketone groups may contribute to the inhibitory activity. The features obtained from the model against BuChE enzyme suggest that the sum of topological distances between two nitrogen atoms, higher number of fragments X-C(=X)-X, higher number of secondary aromatic amides, fragment R--CR-X may be more favorable for inhibition. The features obtained from selectivity based model suggest that the number of aromatic ethers, unsaturation content relative to the molecular size and molecular shape may be more specific for the inhibition of the AChE enzyme in comparison to the BuChE enzyme. Moreover, we have implemented the molecular docking studies using the most and least active molecules from the datasets in order to identify the binding pattern between ligand and target enzyme. The obtained information is then correlated with the essential structural features associated with the 2D-QSAR models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Kumar
- Drug Theoretics and Cheminformatics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Achintya Saha
- Department of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta, 92 A P C Road, Kolkata 700 009, India
| | - Kunal Roy
- Drug Theoretics and Cheminformatics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India.
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Jamaledini A, Mohammadizadeh MR, Mousavi SH. Catalyst-free, efficient, and green procedure for the synthesis of 5-heterocyclic substituted 6-aminouracils. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-018-2164-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Acosta P, Insuasty B, Abonia R, Gutierrez M, Quiroga J. Synthesis of novel 7-aryl and 7-spiropyrazolo[4′,3′:5,6]pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives and their study as AChE inhibitors. Mol Divers 2017; 21:943-955. [DOI: 10.1007/s11030-017-9774-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Murtaza S, Abbas A, Iftikhar K, Shamim S, Akhtar MS, Razzaq Z, Naseem K, Elgorban AM. Synthesis, biological activities and docking studies of novel 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde based Schiff base. Med Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-016-1711-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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