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Gali S, Raghu D, Mallikanti V, Thumma V, Vaddiraju N. Design, synthesis of benzimidazole tethered 3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[e] [1, 3] oxazines as anticancer agents. Mol Divers 2024; 28:1347-1361. [PMID: 37233952 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-023-10661-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A series of novel 3-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[e][1,3] oxazine analogues synthesized through a two-step synthetic protocol. The structure of the compounds were established by interpretation 1H NMR, 13C NMR and Mass spectral data recorded after purification. All the title compounds 4a-k were screened for their in vitro anti-cancer activity against two breast cancer cell lines MCF 7 and MDA-MB-231 by using Doxorubicin as standard reference. Compound 4e displayed superior activity against both the cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 with IC50 values of 8.60 ± 0.75 and 6.30 ± 0.54 µM respectively, compared to the Doxorubicin IC50 value of 9.11 ± 0.54 and 8.47 ± 0.47 µM. Compound 4i also indicated good activity with IC50 value of 9.85 ± 0.69 μM on par with Doxorubicin against MCF-7 cells. Compound 4g demonstrated best activity on par with standard reference to IC50 value of 8.52 ± 0.62 μM against MDA-MB-231 cell line. And all other compounds demonstrated good to moderate activity compared to Doxorubicin. Docking studies against EGFR showed that all the compounds have very good binding affinities towards the target. The predicted drug-likeness properties of all compounds enable them to be used as therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Gali
- Department of Chemistry, Satavahana University, Karimnagar, Telangana, 505001, India
- Department of Chemistry, SRR Government Arts and Science College, Karimnagar, Telangana, 505001, India
| | - D Raghu
- Department of Chemistry, Satavahana University, Karimnagar, Telangana, 505001, India
| | | | - Vishnu Thumma
- Department of Sciences and Humanities, Matrusri Engineering College, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500059, India
| | - Namratha Vaddiraju
- Department of Chemistry, Satavahana University, Karimnagar, Telangana, 505001, India.
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Yang Y, Tong J, Xie X, Cao H, Fu Y, Luo Y, Liu S, Chen W, Yang N. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel chrysin derivatives as poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) inhibitors for the treatment of breast cancer. Chin J Nat Med 2024; 22:455-465. [PMID: 38796218 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(24)60642-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we reported the discovery and structure-activity relationship analysis of chrysin derivatives as a new class of inhibitors targeting poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1). Among these derivatives, compound 5d emerged as the most effective chrysin-based inhibitor of PARP1, with an IC50 value of 108 nmol·L-1. This compound significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cell lines HCC-1937 and MDA-MB-436 by inducing DNA damage. Furthermore, 5d induced apoptosis and caused an extended G1/S-phase in these cell lines. Molecular docking studies revealed that 5d possesses a strong binding affinity toward PARP1. In vivo, in a xenograft model, 5d effectively reduced tumor growth by downregulating PARP1 expression. Overall, compound 5d shows promise as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of BRCA wild-type breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Yang
- Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421200, China; Emergency Department, Hengyang Medical School, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421200, China
| | - Jing Tong
- Emergency Department, Hengyang Medical School, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421200, China
| | - Xianshun Xie
- Hemato-oncology Department, Hengyang Medical School, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421200, China
| | - Hong Cao
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Hengyang Medical School, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421200, China
| | - Yong Fu
- Hengyang Medical School, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421200, China
| | - Yong Luo
- Emergency Department, Hengyang Medical School, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421200, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Emergency Department, Hengyang Medical School, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421200, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Hengyang Medical School, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421200, China
| | - Ning Yang
- Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421200, China; Hengyang Medical School, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421200, China.
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Mushtaq A, Wu P, Naseer MM. Recent drug design strategies and identification of key heterocyclic scaffolds for promising anticancer targets. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 254:108579. [PMID: 38160914 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Cancer, a noncommunicable disease, is the leading cause of mortality worldwide and is anticipated to rise by 75% in the next two decades, reaching approximately 25 million cases. Traditional cancer treatments, such as radiotherapy and surgery, have shown limited success in reducing cancer incidence. As a result, the focus of cancer chemotherapy has switched to the development of novel small molecule antitumor agents as an alternate strategy for combating and managing cancer rates. Heterocyclic compounds are such agents that bind to specific residues in target proteins, inhibiting their function and potentially providing cancer treatment. This review focuses on privileged heterocyclic pharmacophores with potent activity against carbonic anhydrases and kinases, which are important anticancer targets. Evaluation of ongoing pre-clinical and clinical research of heterocyclic compounds with potential therapeutic value against a variety of malignancies as well as the provision of a concise summary of the role of heterocyclic scaffolds in various chemotherapy protocols have also been discussed. The main objective of the article is to highlight key heterocyclic scaffolds involved in recent anticancer drug design that demands further attention from the drug development community to find more effective and safer targeted small-molecule anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alia Mushtaq
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Peng Wu
- Chemical Genomics Centre, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn Str. 11, Dortmund 44227, Germany
| | - Muhammad Moazzam Naseer
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; Chemical Genomics Centre, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn Str. 11, Dortmund 44227, Germany.
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Ma C, Cui S, Xu R. Developments of Fms-like Tyrosine Kinase 3 Inhibitors as Anticancer Agents for AML Treatment. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:4657-4686. [PMID: 38204232 DOI: 10.2174/0109298673277543231205072556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) is a commonly mutated gene in acute myeloid leukemia. As a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), FLT3 plays a role in the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells. As the most frequent molecular alteration in AML, FLT3 has drawn the attention of many researchers, and a lot of small molecule inhibitors targeting FLT3 have been intensively investigated as potential drugs for AML therapy. METHODS In this paper, PubMed and SciFinder® were used as a tool; the publications about "FLT3 inhibitor" and "Acute myeloid leukemia" were surveyed from 2014 to the present with an exclusion of those published as patents. RESULTS In this study, the structural characterization and biological activities of representative FLT3 inhibitors were summarized. The major challenges and future directions for further research are discussed. CONCLUSION Recently, numerous FLT3 inhibitors have been discovered and employed in FLT3-mutated AML treatment. In order to overcome the drug resistance caused by FLT3 mutations, screening multitargets FLT3 inhibitors has become the main research direction. In addition, the emergence of irreversible FLT3 inhibitors also provides new ideas for discovering new FLT3 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Ma
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
- Central Laboratory of Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Dominant Diseases of traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Siyuan Cui
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Ruirong Xu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China
- Institute of Hematology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China
- Shandong Provincial Health Commission Key Laboratory of Hematology of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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Othman DIA, Hamdi A, Tawfik SS, Elgazar AA, Mostafa AS. Identification of new benzimidazole-triazole hybrids as anticancer agents: multi-target recognition, in vitro and in silico studies. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2166037. [PMID: 36651111 PMCID: PMC9858449 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2166037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Multi-target inhibitors represent useful anticancer agents with superior therapeutic attributes. Here in, two novel series of benzimidazole-triazole hybrids were designed, synthesised as multi-target EGFR, VEGFR-2 and Topo II inhibitors, and evaluated for anticancer activity. Compounds 5a and 6g were the most potent analogues against four cancer cell lines, HepG-2, HCT-116, MCF-7 and HeLa, and were further evaluated for EGFR, VEGFR-2, and Topo II inhibition. Compound 5a was especially good inhibitor for EGFR (IC50 = 0.086 µM) compared to Gefitinib (IC50 = 0.052 µM), moderate VEGFR-2 inhibitor (IC50 = 0.107 µM) compared to Sorafenib (IC50 = 0.0482 µM), and stronger Topo II inhibitor (IC50 = 2.52 µM) than Doxorubicin (IC50 = 3.62 µM). Compound 6g exhibited moderate EGFR and VEGFR-2 inhibition and weaker Topo II inhibition. DNA binding assay, cell cycle analysis, apoptotic induction, molecular docking, and physicochemical studies were additionally implemented to explore the plausible mechanism of the active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina I. A. Othman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Abdelrahman Hamdi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Samar S. Tawfik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Abdullah A. Elgazar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Amany S. Mostafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt,CONTACT Amany S. Mostafa Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Kumar S, Ali I, Abbas F, Rana A, Pandey S, Garg M, Kumar D. In-silico design, pharmacophore-based screening, and molecular docking studies reveal that benzimidazole-1,2,3-triazole hybrids as novel EGFR inhibitors targeting lung cancer. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-23. [PMID: 37646177 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2252496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is a complex and heterogeneous disease, which has been associated with various molecular alterations, including the overexpression and mutations of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). In this study, designed a library of 1843 benzimidazole-1,2,3-triazole hybrids and carried out pharmacophore-based screening to identify potential EGFR inhibitors. The 164 compounds were further evaluated using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations to understand the binding interactions between the compounds and the receptor. In-si-lico ADME and toxicity studies were also conducted to assess the drug-likeness and safety of the identified compounds. The results of this study indicate that benzimidazole-1,2,3-triazole hybrids BENZI-0660, BENZI-0125, BENZI-0279, BENZI-0415, BENZI-0437, and BENZI-1110 exhibit dock scores of -9.7, -9.6, -9.6, -9.6, -9.6, -9.6 while referencing molecule -7.9 kcal/mol for EGFR (PDB ID: 4HJO), respectively. The molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations revealed that the identified compounds formed stable interactions with the active site of EGFR, indicating their potential as inhibitors. The in-silico ADME and toxicity studies showed that the compounds had favorable drug-likeness properties and low toxicity, further supporting their potential as therapeutic agents. Finally, performed DFT studies on the best-selected ligands to gain further insights into their electronic properties. The findings of this study provide important insights into the potential of benzimidazole-1,2,3-triazole hybrids as promising EGFR inhibitors for the treatment of lung cancer. This research opens up a new avenue for the discovery and development of potent and selective EGFR inhibitors for the treatment of lung cancer.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, India
| | - Iqra Ali
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Faheem Abbas
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Anurag Rana
- Yogananda School of Artificial Intelligence, Computers, and Data Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, India
| | - Sadanand Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Science, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea
| | - Manoj Garg
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Amity University, Noida, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, India
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