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Shapiro L, Basra M, Patel H, Payne C, Brazen B, Biglione A. Utilization of Imaging Modalities in the Diagnosis of Melanoma: A Scoping Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e54058. [PMID: 38481925 PMCID: PMC10933824 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.54058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Melanomas arise de novo or in the context of a precursor lesion. Lesions typically grow radially and then undergo a vertical growth phase proceeding to local invasion and metastasis. This review describes the utility of different imaging modalities in diagnosis and melanocytic lesion monitoring. A literature search was performed in November 2023 utilizing EMBASE, Medline, and PubMed. The PRISMA diagram demonstrates the review process. Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) utilizes near-infrared light to help diagnose dermatologic lesions. RCM was found to demonstrate nearly two times the positive predictive value compared to dermoscopy. The introduction of the Berlin Ultrasound (US) Morphology Criteria permitted a 65-80% improvement in diagnostic sensitivity. US with fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) accurately predicts the necessity for sentinel lymph node biopsy and lymphadenectomy, sparing patients with metastasis and prompting biopsy for equivocal lesions. Single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) is an adjunctive tool to anatomically and functionally assess lymphatic invasion. SPECT/CT improves the detection of sentinel nodes while decreasing operating time and improving cosmetic outcomes. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) with small voxel reconstruction demonstrated increased specificity and sensitivity for detecting in-transit metastases of melanomas, specifically in the limbs. Dermoscopy allows providers to cost-effectively recognize common lesion patterns. Multiphoton microscopy assigns a weight-based score based on malignant features. Optical coherence angiography captures images of vessels to help diagnose equivocal lesions. Utilization of imaging techniques may increase diagnostic accuracy, reduce unnecessary procedures, and help guide treatment plans. Additional research is needed to further characterize the utility of these techniques in order to improve the diagnosis and treatment of melanomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Shapiro
- Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Clearwater, USA
| | - Mahi Basra
- Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Clearwater, USA
| | - Hemangi Patel
- Sports Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, USA
| | - Collin Payne
- Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Clearwater, USA
| | - Brett Brazen
- Dermatology, Broward Health, Fort Lauderdale, USA
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Cinotti E, Cioppa V, Tognetti L, Perrot JL, Rossi R, Gnone M, Cartocci A, Rubegni P, Cortonesi G. Super-High Magnification Dermoscopy in 190 Clinically Atypical Pigmented Lesions. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2238. [PMID: 37443632 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13132238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Super-high (×400) magnification dermoscopy (D400) is a new non-invasive imaging technique that has been shown to add information for the differential diagnosis of melanocytic lesions in a pilot study. Our study aimed to confirm if D400 can add details for the discrimination of clinically atypical nevus and melanoma. This is a retrospective observational, multicentric study enrolling patients who received ×20 (D20) and ×400 (D400) magnification dermoscopic examinations of pigmented skin lesions. Dermoscopic images were retrospectively evaluated by three observers for the presence/absence of nine D20 and twenty D400 dermoscopic features defined in the previous pilot study. Univariate and multivariate analyses were carried out to find predictors of benign and malignant behaviors. At D20, an atypical pigment network, blue-whitish veil, atypical vascular pattern, regression, and homogenous pattern were more frequent in melanoma than in nevi (p < 0.001). At D400, melanoma showed more frequently than benign lesions, melanocytes with an irregular arrangement and irregular in shape and size (p < 0.001). A network with edged papillae was more frequent in benign lesions than melanomas (p < 0.001). Our study confirms that D400 can identify melanocytes with an irregular arrangement, and irregularities in shape and size in melanomas, adding information to the conventional D20 examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Cinotti
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Science, Dermatology Section, University of Siena, S. Maria alle Scotte Hospital, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Vittoria Cioppa
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Science, Dermatology Section, University of Siena, S. Maria alle Scotte Hospital, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Linda Tognetti
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Science, Dermatology Section, University of Siena, S. Maria alle Scotte Hospital, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Jean Luc Perrot
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Renato Rossi
- Department of Dermatology, Skin Center Senigallia, 60019 Ancona, Italy
| | - Matteo Gnone
- Dermatology Private Practice, 16121 Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Cartocci
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Pietro Rubegni
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Science, Dermatology Section, University of Siena, S. Maria alle Scotte Hospital, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Giulio Cortonesi
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Science, Dermatology Section, University of Siena, S. Maria alle Scotte Hospital, 53100 Siena, Italy
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POGORZELSKA-DYRBUŚ J, CINOTTI E, SZEPIETOWSKI JC. Optical Super-high Magnification Dermoscopy Findings of Halo Naevus. Acta Derm Venereol 2023; 103:adv00853. [PMID: 36172696 PMCID: PMC9885278 DOI: 10.2340/actadv.v102.2722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract is missing (Short communication)
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elisa CINOTTI
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Jacek C. SZEPIETOWSKI
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, 1 Chalubinskiego St, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
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Radi G, Rossi R, Diotallevi F, Giannoni M, Molinelli E, Paolinelli M, Ferrara G, Offidani A. The role of the optical super high magnification dermoscopy (O.S.H.M.D) in the management of melanocytic lesions. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2023; 37:e122-e124. [PMID: 35977047 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.18533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Radi
- Dermatological Clinic Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, Ancona, Italy
| | - Renato Rossi
- Department of Dermatology, Skin Center Senigallia, Ancona, Italy
| | - Federico Diotallevi
- Dermatological Clinic Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, Ancona, Italy
| | - Melania Giannoni
- Dermatological Clinic Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, Ancona, Italy
| | - Elisa Molinelli
- Dermatological Clinic Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, Ancona, Italy
| | - Matteo Paolinelli
- Dermatological Clinic Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, Ancona, Italy
| | - Gerardo Ferrara
- Anatomic Pathology and Cytopathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione'G. Pascale', Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Offidani
- Dermatological Clinic Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, Ancona, Italy
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Soglia S, Pérez-Anker J, Lobos Guede N, Giavedoni P, Puig S, Malvehy J. Diagnostics Using Non-Invasive Technologies in Dermatological Oncology. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5886. [PMID: 36497368 PMCID: PMC9738560 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing incidence of skin cancer, with its associated mortality and morbidity, has in recent years led to the developing of new non-invasive technologies, which allow an earlier and more accurate diagnosis. Some of these, such as digital photography, 2D and 3D total-body photography and dermoscopy are now widely used and others, such as reflectance confocal microscopy and optical coherence tomography, are limited to a few academic and referral skin cancer centers because of their cost or the long training period required. Health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with skin cancer need to know the implications and benefits of new non-invasive technologies for dermatological oncology. In this article we review the characteristics and usability of the main diagnostic imaging methods available today.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Soglia
- Melanoma Unit, Dermatology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, 08001 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Dermatology, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy
| | - Javiera Pérez-Anker
- Melanoma Unit, Dermatology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, 08001 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nelson Lobos Guede
- Melanoma Unit, Dermatology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, 08001 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Priscila Giavedoni
- Melanoma Unit, Dermatology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, 08001 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Puig
- Melanoma Unit, Dermatology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, 08001 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Malvehy
- Melanoma Unit, Dermatology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, 08001 Barcelona, Spain
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