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Son Y, Quiring ME, Dalton RM, Thomas B, Davidson N, DeVincentz D, Payne C, Parikh SH, Fink BA, Mueller T, Brown G. Renal mass imaging modalities: does body mass index (BMI) matter? Int Urol Nephrol 2024:10.1007/s11255-024-03962-5. [PMID: 38499727 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-024-03962-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Accurate measurement of renal mass size is crucial in the management of renal cancer. With the burdensome cost of imaging yet its need for management, a better understanding of the variability among patients when determining mass size remains of urgent importance. Current guidelines on optimal imaging are limited, especially with respect to body mass index (BMI). The aim of this study is to discern which modalities accurately measure renal mass size and whether BMI influences such accuracy. METHODS A multi-institutional chart review was performed for adult patients undergoing partial or radical nephrectomy between 2018 and 2021, with 236 patients ultimately included. Patients were categorized by BMI (BMI 1: 18.5-24.9, BMI 2: 25-29.9, BMI 3: 30-34.9, and BMI 4: ≥ 35). The greatest mass lengths were compared between the pathology report and the following: computerized tomography (CT), renal ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). RESULTS The difference between greatest length on CT with contrast and MRI were significantly different when compared to pathologic measurement. BMI groups 3 and 4 were found to have a significant difference in size estimates compared to BMI 2 for CT with contrast. No difference was found between size estimates by BMI group for any other imaging modality. CONCLUSION CT with contrast becomes less accurate at estimating mass size for patients with BMI > 30. While contrast-enhanced CT remains a vital imaging modality for tissue enhancement in the context of unknown renal masses, caution must be used for mass size estimation in the obese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Son
- Department of Urology, Jefferson Health New Jersey, 18 E Laurel Rd, Stratford, NJ, 08084, USA.
| | - Mark E Quiring
- Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Raeann M Dalton
- School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, NJ, USA
| | - Brian Thomas
- School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, NJ, USA
| | - Noah Davidson
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Erie, PA, USA
| | - Dayna DeVincentz
- College of Science and Mathematics, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, USA
| | - Collin Payne
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Tampa Bay, FL, USA
| | - Sahil H Parikh
- School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, NJ, USA
| | - Benjamin A Fink
- School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, NJ, USA
| | - Thomas Mueller
- Department of Urology, Jefferson Health New Jersey, 18 E Laurel Rd, Stratford, NJ, 08084, USA
| | - Gordon Brown
- Department of Urology, Jefferson Health New Jersey, 18 E Laurel Rd, Stratford, NJ, 08084, USA
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Basra M, Shapiro L, Patel H, Payne C, Brazen B, Biglione A. Exploring the Utilization of Imaging Modalities in the Diagnosis of Basal Cell Carcinoma: A Scoping Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e56047. [PMID: 38606243 PMCID: PMC11008926 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a common skin cancer that occurs due to various genetic and environmental factors. Diagnosis is made by a combination of clinical appearance, biopsy, imaging, and histopathological analysis. This review describes the current array of imaging modalities available to physicians to aid in the diagnosis of BCC. It is important to stay up-to-date with improvements in diagnostic screening, and knowledge of these options is instrumental in providing the best care to patients. Embase, Medline Industries, and PubMed were searched for articles within the past 10 years based on a search query that looked for imaging modalities used in the diagnosis and evaluation of a variety of dermatologic conditions. The search was further refined to focus on BCC and satisfy the inclusion/exclusion criteria determined by the authors. The research process was detailed in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses diagram. Dermoscopy is a non-invasive in vivo microscopic technique used to evaluate skin lesions. Features of dermoscopy cannot be visualized with the naked eye, and studies found that dermoscopy increased diagnostic accuracy. Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) examines skin morphology, and recent studies found that 100% of patients with BCC had tumor-free margins when diagnosed with RCM. It allows for a one-stop-shop for diagnosis. Optical spectroscopy samples multiple sites without removing tissue. It helps detect subtle biophysical differences, allowing for earlier diagnosis. High-frequency ultrasound (HFUS) helps determine tumor size, structure, depth of invasion and spread. Studies found statistically significant positive correlations between depth of spread and HFUS readings. Optical coherence tomography takes cross-sectional images to analyze histopathology and morphology. It produces high-resolution images, confers slightly more accurate results than a biopsy, and expedites the treatment process through an earlier diagnosis without a biopsy.These results will advance the fields of dermatology and radiology as they describe unique uses for these imaging modalities. There are a variety of ways to use microscopy, and these techniques may be applied to many different lesions and help revolutionize the diagnosis and treatment of skin cancer and other lesions without the need for multiple, sometimes disfiguring surgical procedures. With the increase in diagnostic accuracy and decrease in diagnosis time, advanced imaging studies will become an integral part of dermatologic diagnosis and be included in future management and treatment plans, especially in the case of BCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahi Basra
- Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Clearwater, USA
| | - Lucas Shapiro
- Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Clearwater, USA
| | - Hemangi Patel
- Sports Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, USA
| | - Collin Payne
- Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Clearwater, USA
| | - Brett Brazen
- Dermatology, Broward Health Medical Center, Fort Lauderdale, USA
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Payne C, Jacobs S, Shaboodien S, Jumaar C, Pretorius A, Kgatla T, Sanni O, Maarman G. A pulmonary arterial hypertension diagnostic algorithm for a third-world context: SYMQUICK. J Investig Med 2023; 71:542-544. [PMID: 36789665 DOI: 10.1177/10815589231155194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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Hasler K, Whitmore S, Wolstenholme R, Payne C, Hutton A, Fingland C, Tarvit G. People, places and the climate emergency – the Scottish Place Standard Tool with a climate lens. Eur J Public Health 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckac129.359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Since the launch of the Place Standard tool (PST) in Scotland in 2015 awareness has increased of the critical impact of the climate emergency on health and equity. A 2019 review of the PST, informed by emerging evidence and community and stakeholder feedback, confirmed the need to strengthen its contribution towards place-based climate action. This was partly achieved by integrating enhanced prompts within the PST itself, however with the increased focus of policy and action around climate adaptation and mitigation a knowledge and resource gap remained. So in 2020 PST partners* began work with experts from environmental organisations (Sniffer, Sustainable Scotland Network) and other partners to develop a “Place Standard with a climate lens” (PST CL). The PST CL toolkit was created through an iterative process integrating feedback from 10 pilot projects chosen to represent the varied communities, scales, landscapes and placemaking projects being undertaken across Scotland. It provides a suite of materials to use alongside existing PST resources to help placemaking conversations consider how climate change might play out in a local area. This ensures that local responses to climate change are designed holistically, delivered collaboratively, and helps achieve on other local priorities such as health, wellbeing and equity. This presentation will provide a brief overview of the project background, describe the Scottish PST with a climate lens, share case study examples from the piloting phases, and enable exploration of the learning from Scotland around the value of integrating health and climate in place-based approaches. While the Place Standard tool was not originally designed as a climate change tool, it is an effective method to support the design of local responses to the climate emergency. A “climate lens” can help us to plan the future of our places to maximise the health benefits and minimise the negative consequences of a changing climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Hasler
- Division of Architecture and Planning, Scottish Government , Glasgow, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - C Fingland
- Architecture & Design Scotland , Edinburgh, UK
| | - G Tarvit
- Sustainable Scotland Network , Edinburgh, UK
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Jatrana S, Temple J, Wilson T, Payne C. Demography and COVID-19: risks, responses and impacts. J Pop Research 2022; 39:475-478. [PMID: 36159739 PMCID: PMC9483307 DOI: 10.1007/s12546-022-09294-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Verma A, Payne C. 636 Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Emergency Admissions with Colorectal Cancer. Br J Surg 2022. [PMCID: PMC9452076 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac269.382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Aim Method Results Conclusions
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Affiliation(s)
- A Verma
- Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - C Payne
- Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, United Kingdom
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Chabra S, Gill B, Gallo G, Zhu D, Pitou C, Payne C, Accioly A, Puig L. 288 Ixekizumab citrate-free formulation: Results from 2 clinical trials. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Anderson F, Payne C, Pannier L, Pethick D, Gardner G. The potential for dual energy X-ray absorptiometry to predict lamb eating quality. Meat Sci 2021; 181:108434. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2021.108434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Khan JS, Ekpete N, Elsllabi M, Payne C. 1580 Introduction of Dedicated Boarder’s Bleep and Registrar for Improved Clinical Communication, Management, And Care of Boarder Surgical Patients. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab259.782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
Surgical patients are often placed within non-surgical wards due to shortage of beds, however the care of these patients remains under the parent surgical team. Unfortunately, patients outwith surgical areas can frequently feel neglected, with staff often unsure who to contact for reviews. This project aims to improve communication between boarding wards and the surgical team, as well as improving patient care and management.
Method
This prospective study was based on the Model for Improvement Framework approach to quality improvement. Data was gathered using questionnaires from various staff members on non-surgical wards. Outcomes were measured on a qualitative basis.
Results
Qualitative data was collected from 45 nursing staff (NS). Prior to introduction of a designated boarder’s bleep, 25% of NS felt they knew who to contact for queries and reviews, whereas 46% contacted the parent ward and 29% contacted the on-call surgical registrar. Only 46% of boarded patients received daily reviews. Following introduction of a dedicated surgical registrar for boarders, 62% of NS felt they knew who to contact with 48% aware of surgical boarder’s bleep. Daily reviews of patients increased to 65% over the course of the cycles of this project.
Conclusions
Bed shortages can play a vast role in patient care and treatment. This study has effectively demonstrated an improvement in provision of patient care, demonstrating an increase in NS knowing who to contact, as well as a 19% increase in daily patient reviews. Introduction of a dedicated boarder’s bleep-holder has shown improvement in clinical communication and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Khan
- Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - N Ekpete
- Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - M Elsllabi
- Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - C Payne
- Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom
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Reddington H, Figueroa A, Cohen A, Castro R, Payne C, Lotakis D, Wallack M, Friedman D, Cooper A. Rectal prolapse and abdominal compartment syndrome: Formerly unknown complications of hernia repair in a neonate. Journal of Pediatric Surgery Case Reports 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.epsc.2021.101992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Kovacs-Balint ZA, Payne C, Steele J, Li L, Styner M, Bachevalier J, Sanchez MM. Structural development of cortical lobes during the first 6 months of life in infant macaques. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2021; 48:100906. [PMID: 33465553 PMCID: PMC7815644 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2020.100906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study mapped the developmental trajectories of cortical regions in comparison to overall brain growth in typically developing, socially-housed infant macaques. Volumetric changes of cortical brain regions were examined longitudinally between 2-24 weeks of age (equivalent to the first 2 years in humans) in 21 male rhesus macaques. Growth of the prefrontal, frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal cortices (visual and auditory) was examined using MRI and age-specific infant macaque brain atlases developed by our group. Results indicate that cortical volumetric development follows a cubic growth curve, but maturational timelines and growth rates are region-specific. Total intracranial volume (ICV) increased significantly during the first 5 months of life, leveling off thereafter. Prefrontal and temporal visual cortices showed fast volume increases during the first 16 weeks, followed by a plateau, and significant growth again between 20-24 weeks. Volume of the frontal and temporal auditory cortices increased substantially between 2-24 weeks. The parietal cortex showed a significant volume increase during the first 4 months, whereas the volume of the occipital lobe increased between 2-12 weeks and plateaued thereafter. These developmental trajectories show similarities to cortical growth in human infants, providing foundational information necessary to build nonhuman primate (NHP) models of human neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z A Kovacs-Balint
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30329, United States
| | - C Payne
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30329, United States; Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, 30329, United States
| | - J Steele
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30329, United States
| | - L Li
- Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, 30329, United States; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, United States
| | - M Styner
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, United States
| | - J Bachevalier
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30329, United States; Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, United States
| | - M M Sanchez
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30329, United States; Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, United States.
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Odland ML, Payne C, Witham MD, Siedner MJ, Bärnighausen T, Bountogo M, Coulibaly B, Geldsetzer P, Harling G, Manne-Goehler J, Ouermi L, Sie A, Davies JI. Epidemiology of multimorbidity in conditions of extreme poverty: a population-based study of older adults in rural Burkina Faso. BMJ Glob Health 2020; 5:e002096. [PMID: 32337079 PMCID: PMC7170422 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2019-002096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Multimorbidity is a health issue of increasing importance worldwide, and is likely to become particularly problematic in low-income countries (LICs) as they undergo economic, demographic and epidemiological transitions. Knowledge of the burden and consequences of multimorbidity in LICs is needed to inform appropriate interventions. Methods A cross-sectional household survey collected data on morbidities and frailty, disability, quality of life and physical performance on individuals aged over 40 years of age living in the Nouna Health and Demographic Surveillance System area in northwestern Burkina Faso. We defined multimorbidity as the occurrence of two or more conditions, and evaluated the prevalence of and whether this was concordant (conditions in the same morbidity domain of communicable, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) or mental health (MH)) or discordant (conditions in different morbidity domains) multimorbidity. Finally, we fitted multivariable regression models to determine associated factors and consequences of multimorbidity. Results Multimorbidity was present in 22.8 (95% CI, 21.4 to 24.2) of the study population; it was more common in females, those who are older, single, more educated, and wealthier. We found a similar prevalence of discordant 11.1 (95% CI, 10.1 to 12.2) and concordant multimorbidity 11.7 (95% CI, 10.6 to 12.8). After controlling for age, sex, marital status, education, and wealth, an increasing number of conditions was strongly associated with frailty, disability, low quality of life, and poor physical performance. We found no difference in the association between concordant and discordant multimorbidity and outcomes, however people who were multimorbid with NCDs alone had better outcomes than those with multimorbidity with NCDs and MH disorders or MH multimorbidity alone. Conclusions Multimorbidity is prevalent in this poor, rural population and is associated with markers of decreased physical performance and quality of life. Preventative and management interventions are needed to ensure that health systems can deal with increasing multimorbidity and its downstream consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lisa Odland
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Collin Payne
- School of Demography, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Miles D Witham
- AGE Research Group, NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Mark J Siedner
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Africa Health Research Institute, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - Till Bärnighausen
- Africa Health Research Institute, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.,Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospitals, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Pascal Geldsetzer
- Division of Primary Care and Population Health, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Guy Harling
- Africa Health Research Institute, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.,Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK.,MRC/Wits Rural Public Health & Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg-Braamfontein, South Africa.,Department of Epidemiology & Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer Manne-Goehler
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Ali Sie
- Centre de Recherche en Sante de Nouna, Nouna, Burkina Faso
| | - Justine I Davies
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,MRC/Wits Rural Public Health & Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg-Braamfontein, South Africa
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Chang AY, Gómez-Olivé FX, Payne C, Rohr JK, Manne-Goehler J, Wade AN, Wagner RG, Montana L, Tollman S, Salomon JA. Chronic multimorbidity among older adults in rural South Africa. BMJ Glob Health 2019; 4:e001386. [PMID: 31423345 PMCID: PMC6688670 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2018-001386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The rapid ageing of populations around the world is accompanied by increasing prevalence of multimorbidity. This study is one of the first to present the prevalence of multimorbidity that includes HIV in the complex epidemiological setting of South Africa, thus filling a gap in the multimorbidity literature that is dominated by studies in high-income or low-HIV prevalence settings. Methods Out of the full sample of 5059 people aged 40+, we analysed cross-sectional data on 10 conditions from 3889 people enrolled in the Health and Ageing in Africa: A longitudinal study of an INDEPTH Community in South Africa (HAALSI) Programme. Two definitions of multimorbidity were applied: the presence of more than one condition and the presence of conditions from more than one of the following categories: cardiometabolic conditions, mental disorders, HIV and anaemia. We conducted descriptive and regression analyses to assess the relationship between prevalence of multimorbidity and sociodemographic factors. We examined the frequencies of the most prevalent combinations of conditions and assessed relationships between multimorbidity and physical and psychological functioning. Results 69.4 per cent (95% CI 68.0 to 70.9) of the respondents had at least two conditions and 53.9% (52.4–55.5) of the sample had at least two categories of conditions. The most common condition groups and multimorbid profiles were combinations of cardiometabolic conditions, cardiometabolic conditions and depression, HIV and anaemia and combinations of mental disorders. The commonly observed positive relationships between multimorbidity and age and decreasing wealth were not observed in this population, namelydue to different epidemiological profiles in the subgroups, with higher prevalence of HIV and anaemia in the poorer and younger groups, and higher prevalence of cardiometabolic conditions in the richer and older groups. Both physical functioning and well-being negatively associated with multimorbidity. Discussion More coordinated, long-term integrated care management across multiple chronic conditions should be provided in rural South Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Y Chang
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Francesc Xavier Gómez-Olivé
- MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Collin Payne
- School of Demography, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Julia K Rohr
- Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jennifer Manne-Goehler
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alisha N Wade
- MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Ryan G Wagner
- MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Livia Montana
- Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stephen Tollman
- MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Joshua A Salomon
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA
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Nicoll K, Bartrop C, Walsh S, Foster R, Duncan G, Payne C, Carden C. Malignant transformation of tailgut cysts is significantly higher than previously reported: systematic review of cases in the literature. Colorectal Dis 2019; 21:869-878. [PMID: 30932326 DOI: 10.1111/codi.14628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM The best treatment for tailgut cysts has not been firmly established. We report a systematic review of the cases in the available literature in order to provide an evidence base for treatment. METHOD A systematic search of articles wholly or partly in English was made of PubMed, Embase and Google Scholar; additional studies were discovered by searching reference lists and contacting authors directly. Search terms 'tailgut cyst', 'tail gut cyst', 'retrorectal hamartoma' and 'retrorectal tumour' were used for case reports or case series; no publication date restrictions were imposed. Only studies with histological confirmation of diagnosis and reporting the age and gender of patients were included. Papers were excluded by consensus between the first two authors. RESULTS A total of 196 individual cases were analysed in detail including 51 cases of neoplasia. The overall rate of neoplastic transformation was 26.6%. Although the male:female cyst incidence ratio was 1:4, men over 18 had a significantly greater relative risk of neoplasm at 1.94 (P = 0.0055). Radiological evidence of nodular thickening of the cyst wall significantly increased the relative risk of the presence of cancer (P = 0.0023). CONCLUSIONS Current orthodoxy that these are not dangerous embryological remnants is unfounded and may be false. The available data suggest the risk of malignant transformation is high and will apply to any residual tissue after excision. The same rationale behind total mesorectal excision in rectal cancer applies to tailgut cysts. Consequently they should be resected with similar oncological margins.
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Abstract
Abstract:Version 3 of the Read Codes was designed in response to a new set of requirements generated by three new terming initiatives in the UK, the Clinical Terms Project, the Professions Allied to Medicine Terms Project and the Nursing Terms Project. The challenge was to cope with the detail required by clinical specialists for maintaining a computerised record, to capture the natural language used by clinicians in their everyday work, and to support efficient analysis across medical records required to extract information from clinicians’ individual patient data. The structure of Version 3 allows a directed acyclic graph to replace the traditional hierarchy; permits multiple such graphs if necessary; introduces qualifiers, embedding these in an information model to support analysis; introduces one-to-many mapping to external classifications where this is necessary; and maintains the tradition of a dynamic terminology that stresses the inclusion of natural clinical terms.
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Simonelli G, Brager A, Stowie A, Prindle N, Duncan EH, Bergman E, Gad M, Powers M, Ephrem D, Payne C, Ratcliffe RH, Yarnell AM, Bergmann-Leitner ES, Capaldi VF, Balkin TJ. 0073 DYNAMIC CHANGES IN HUMAN INNATE AND ADAPTIVE IMMUNE CELL NUMBERS IN RESPONSE TO SLEEP EXTENSION AND SLEEP DEPRIVATION. Sleep 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/sleepj/zsx050.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Burke V, Nakyanjo N, Ddaaki W, Hutchinson N, Payne C, Nalugoda F, Kennedy C. HIV Self-Testing Values and Preferences in Rakai, Uganda: A Qualitative
Study. Ann Glob Health 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aogh.2017.03.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Abstract
A controlled field study of wine promotions in a mid-priced chain restaurant generated three key findings: (1) selected wine recommendations increased sales by 12 percent, (2) food-wine pairing recommendations increased sales by 7.6 percent, and (3) wine tastings increased sales by 48 percent. In general, 69 to 87 percent of the increase in sales of promoted wines come from diners who would likely have ordered a nonpromoted wine. This means that 13 to 31 percent of the increase come from diners who would have otherwise ordered liquor, beer, and nonalcoholic drinks. Specific implications for responsible restaurateurs are outlined, including the caveat to not cannibalize sales by promoting a lower-margin, lower-profit wine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Wansink
- Applied Economics and Management Department at Cornell University,
| | - Glenn Cordua
- Wine and Spirits Institute at the University of Houston,
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Abstract
Star-shaped amphiphilic block copolymers form hydrogels as opposed to their linear counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Murphy
- Polymer Chemistry and Biopolymers Laboratory
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - T. Borase
- Polymer Chemistry and Biopolymers Laboratory
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - C. Payne
- School of Pharmacy
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - J. O'Dwyer
- School of Pharmacy
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - S.-A. Cryan
- School of Pharmacy
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
- Tissue Engineering Research Group
| | - A. Heise
- Polymer Chemistry and Biopolymers Laboratory
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
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Baker S, McCabe S, Payne C, Kranz S. Children's self-reported liking of child-friendly shaped fruit and vegetable snacks. Does shape influence liking? Appetite 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2014.12.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Cooper L, Stodell M, Payne C. Comment on "Clinical coding inaccuracies in skin cancer surgery: the financial implications for a plastic surgery service". J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2015; 68:584. [PMID: 25675884 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2015.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Cooper
- Plastic Surgery Department, Royal London Hospital, Whitechapel Road, London, E1 1BB, UK
| | - M Stodell
- Plastic Surgery Department, Royal London Hospital, Whitechapel Road, London, E1 1BB, UK
| | - C Payne
- Plastic Surgery Department, Royal London Hospital, Whitechapel Road, London, E1 1BB, UK
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Gracey JH, Watson M, Payne C, Rankin J, Dunwoody L. Translation research: 'Back on Track', a multiprofessional rehabilitation service for cancer-related fatigue. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2014; 6:94-6. [PMID: 25526904 PMCID: PMC4789756 DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2014-000692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To assess the effectiveness and acceptability of an individually tailored rehabilitation intervention for patients with cancer-related fatigue (CRF). Methods Eighteen individuals, (16 female, two male, aged 40–83 years), who self-reported CRF (above four on a 10-point Likert scale) took part in an 8 week physical activity intervention weekly review and optional gym-based support. Fifteen participants had a primary diagnosis of breast cancer and along with the other participants had multiple myeloma, colorectal or prostate cancer. All participants took part in a goal-oriented walking and muscle strengthening programme with dietary advice and psychological support based on the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) of behaviour change. Effectiveness was assessed by physical and psychological outcomes. Focus groups with participants and individual interviews with the professionals delivering the intervention explored the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention. Results Statistically significant improvements were seen in the primary outcome of fatigue and on the secondary outcomes of physical function, depression and in triceps skin fold thickness reduction. Participants endorsed the intervention as being highly acceptable, holistic and as important as medical treatments for cancer. The importance of team working was highlighted as key to service delivery and success. Conclusions A multidisciplinary home-based tailored intervention with optional weekly gym attendance is acceptable to people with CRF, improving physical and psychosocial outcomes. Study limitations and suggestions for further research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Gracey
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, University of Ulster, Newtownabbey, UK
| | - M Watson
- Department of Education and Research, Northern Ireland Hospice, Whiteabbey, UK
| | - C Payne
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, University of Ulster, Newtownabbey, UK
| | - J Rankin
- Physiotherapy Department, Cancer Centre, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, UK
| | - L Dunwoody
- Psychology Research Institute, University of Ulster, Coleraine, UK
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Payne C, Michener LA. Physiotherapists’ use and perspectives on the importance of patient-reported outcome measures for shoulder dysfunction. International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 2014. [DOI: 10.12968/ijtr.2014.21.sup7.s4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Background: Many patient-reported outcome measures (PROs) for shoulder dysfunctions have acceptable psychometric properties. However, the large number of measures that are available present clinicians and researchers with dilemmas in PRO selection. This study set out to determine the perceived importance of PROs, the measures currently used by physiotherapists in clinical practice and research, and the psychometric criteria that are considered important in PRO selection. Methods: Delegates at the 2010 International Congress of Shoulder and Elbow Therapists were invited to participate in this cross-sectional observational study. Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) web-based tools were used to design an online questionnaire. IRB approval was gained prior to commencement of the study. Anonymised numerical survey data were tallied and frequency counts reported descriptively. Results: Participants submitted 101 completed questionnaires, which was an 84% response rate. One or more validated shoulder or upper extremity PROs were used by 91% of clinicians, and 94% of researchers. The use of PROs was considered to be ‘extremely’ or ‘very’ important by the majority of clinicians (76%), and researchers (98%). Most commonly used as a primary outcome by clinicians and researchers respectively were: the Disabilities of the Arm Shoulder Hand Questionnaire (DASH) (40%, 44%) and the Oxford Shoulder Scale (OSS) (36%, 22%); and as secondary outcomes: the DASH (33%, 28%); OSS (17%, 8%), the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) (8%, 18%); and the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons standardized assessment form (ASES) (8%, 13%). Psychometric properties and practicality aspects were deemed extremely or very important by 86–96% of participants. Conclusion: The majority of clinicians and researchers use a shoulder or upper extremity function or disability questionnaire. This indicates that PROs are considered important in clinical practice and research, and psychometric properties are critical in PRO selection. The DASH, OSS, SPADI and ASES are most commonly used by shoulder therapists in clinical practice and research studies. Implications: These findings can be used to aid the development of a consensus on a core set of PROs for shoulder dysfunctions for use by clinicians and researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Payne
- Physiotherapy Department, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital
| | - LA Michener
- Physiotherapy Department, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital
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Baker S, McCabe S, Swithers S, Payne C, Kranz S. Adults’ attitudes toward and purchasing intentions for child‐friendly shaped healthy fruit and vegetable snacks (1019.23). FASEB J 2014. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.1019.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Selena Baker
- Nutrition SciencePurdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUnited States
| | - Sean McCabe
- StatisticsPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUnited States
| | - Susan Swithers
- Psychological SciencesPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUnited States
| | - Collin Payne
- MarketingNew MEXICO State UniversityLas CrucesNMUnited States
| | - Sibylle Kranz
- Nutrition SciencePurdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUnited States
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Baker S, McCabe S, Swithers S, Payne C, Kranz S. Children’s liking of child‐friendly shaped fruits and vegetables: does shape influence liking? (1019.22). FASEB J 2014. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.1019.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Selena Baker
- Nutrition SciencePurdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUnited States
| | - Sean McCabe
- StatisticsPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUnited States
| | - Susan Swithers
- Psychological SciencesPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUnited States
| | - Collin Payne
- MarketingNew MEXICO State UniversityLas CrucesNMUnited States
| | - Sibylle Kranz
- Nutrition SciencePurdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUnited States
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Payne C. SP-0470: Rehabilitation in palliative care. Radiother Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)30575-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Stevens A, Parsa A, Payne C, Nezhat C. Segmental Bladder Resection for Endometriosis. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2013.08.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Close R, Gray S, Bennett S, Appleby S, Khan F, Payne C, Oliver I. What are the costs and benefits of patient notification exercises following poor infection control practices in dentistry? Public Health 2013; 127:1021-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2013.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2012] [Revised: 02/13/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Payne C, Larkin P, McIlfatrick S, Dunwoody L, Gracey J. Exercise and nutrition interventions in advanced lung cancer: a systematic review. Curr Oncol 2013; 20:e321-37. [PMID: 23904771 PMCID: PMC3728061 DOI: 10.3747/co.20.1431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED In this systematic review, we sought to evaluate the effect of physical activity or nutrition interventions (or both) in adults with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (nsclc). METHODS A systematic search for relevant clinical trials was conducted in 6 electronic databases, by hand searching, and by contacting key investigators. No limits were placed on study language. Information about recruitment rates, protocol adherence, patient-reported and clinical outcome measures, and study conclusions was extracted. Methodologic quality and risk of bias in each study was assessed using validated tools. MAIN RESULTS Six papers detailing five studies involving 203 participants met the inclusion criteria. Two of the studies were single-cohort physical activity studies (54 participants), and three were controlled nutrition studies (149 participants). All were conducted in an outpatient setting. None of the included studies combined physical activity with nutrition interventions. CONCLUSIONS Our systematic review suggests that exercise and nutrition interventions are not harmful and may have beneficial effects on unintentional weight loss, physical strength, and functional performance in patients with advanced nsclc. However, the observed improvements must be interpreted with caution, because findings were not consistent across the included studies. Moreover, the included studies were small and at significant risk of bias. More research is required to ascertain the optimal physical activity and nutrition interventions in advanced inoperable nsclc. Specifically, the potential benefits of combining physical activity with nutrition counselling have yet to be adequately explored in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Payne
- All Ireland Institute of Hospice and Palliative Care, and the HSC R&D Division, Public Health Agency, Northern Ireland
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, University of Ulster, Northern Ireland
| | - P.J. Larkin
- Clinical Nursing (Palliative Care), School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, Health Sciences Centre, University College Dublin and Our Lady’s Hospice and Care Services, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - S. McIlfatrick
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, University of Ulster, Northern Ireland
| | - L. Dunwoody
- Psychology Research Institute, University of Ulster, Northern Ireland
| | - J.H. Gracey
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, University of Ulster, Northern Ireland
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Kranz S, Johns L, Johnson L, Scheett A, Hoverson B, Payne C. You are What you Read? Fruit and Vegetable MyPyramid Recommendations are Underrepresented in Sunday Sales Circulars. FASEB J 2011. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.25.1_supplement.989.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sibylle Kranz
- Foods and NutritionPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN
| | - Lisa Johns
- Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research CenterUSDA ARSGrand ForksND
| | - L Johnson
- Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research CenterUSDA ARSGrand ForksND
| | - Angela Scheett
- Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research CenterUSDA ARSGrand ForksND
| | - Bonita Hoverson
- Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research CenterUSDA ARSGrand ForksND
| | - Collin Payne
- Department of MarketingNew Mexico State UniversityLas CrucesNM
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Abrams P, Andersson KE, Birder L, Brubaker L, Cardozo L, Chapple C, Cottenden A, Davila W, de Ridder D, Dmochowski R, Drake M, Dubeau C, Fry C, Hanno P, Smith JH, Herschorn S, Hosker G, Kelleher C, Koelbl H, Khoury S, Madoff R, Milsom I, Moore K, Newman D, Nitti V, Norton C, Nygaard I, Payne C, Smith A, Staskin D, Tekgul S, Thuroff J, Tubaro A, Vodusek D, Wein A, Wyndaele JJ. Fourth International Consultation on Incontinence Recommendations of the International Scientific Committee: Evaluation and treatment of urinary incontinence, pelvic organ prolapse, and fecal incontinence. Neurourol Urodyn 2010; 29:213-40. [PMID: 20025020 DOI: 10.1002/nau.20870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 704] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Baba M, Payne C. The difference in the timing of selected gait parameters using force/time curves in runners with and without a history of overuse injury. J Sci Med Sport 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2009.10.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Chandra A, Cross P, Denton K, Giles T, Hemming D, Payne C, Wilson A, Wilson P. The BSCC Code of Practice - exfoliative cytopathology (excluding gynaecological cytopathology). Cytopathology 2009; 20:211-23. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2303.2009.00679.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Pope J, Schache A, Crossley K, Payne C, Child S, Creaby M. Effects of medially posted orthotics on ankle joint complex kinematics and torques in runners with symptomatic Achilles tendinopathy. J Sci Med Sport 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2008.12.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine whether a school obesity prevention project developed in the United States can be adapted for use in England. METHODS A pilot cluster randomised controlled trial and interviews with teachers were carried out in 19 primary schools in South West England. Participants included 679 children in year 5 (age 9-10). Baseline and follow-up assessments were completed for 323 children (screen viewing) and 472 children (body mass index). Sixteen lessons on healthy eating, physical activity and reducing TV viewing were taught over 5 months by teachers. Main outcome measures were hours of screen activities, body mass index, mode of transport to school and teachers' views of the intervention. RESULTS Children from intervention schools spent less time on screen-viewing activities after the intervention but these differences were imprecisely estimated: mean difference in minutes spent on screen viewing at the end of the intervention (intervention schools minus control schools) adjusted for baseline levels and clustering within schools was -11.6 (95% CI -42.7 to 19.4) for a week day and was -15.4 (95% CI -57.5 to 26.8) for a Saturday. There was no difference in mean body mass index or the odds of obesity. CONCLUSIONS It is feasible to transfer this US school-based intervention to UK schools, and it may be effective in reducing the time children spend on screen-based activities. The study has provided information for a full-scale trial, which would require 50 schools ( approximately 1250 pupils) to detect effects on screen viewing and body mass index over 2 years of follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- R R Kipping
- Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, Whiteladies Road, Bristol, BS8 2PR, UK.
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Wansink B, Just D, Payne C. Healthy School Lunch Behavior and the Invisible Hand. FASEB J 2008. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.44.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Clarke SCE, Stearns AT, Payne C, McKay AJ. The impact of published recommendations on the management of penetrating abdominal injury. Br J Surg 2007; 95:515-21. [DOI: 10.1002/bjs.5995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
In patients with penetrating abdominal injury (PAI), haemodynamic instability and peritonitis are indications for laparotomy, but it remains uncertain whether laparotomy is indicated for evisceration, retained foreign body and pneumoperitoneum. In 1989, a review of 107 patients with PAI revealed a 78·5 per cent laparotomy rate, with 35 per cent considered unnecessary. The aim of this study was to review current practice in the same hospitals.
Methods
A retrospective review included case notes from 224 patients with PAI presenting to three hospitals between 2001 and 2005.
Results
Some 206 patients (92·0 per cent) were male and the mean age was 30·5 years. Aetiologies were stabbing (96·4 per cent), impalement (2·7 per cent) and gunshot wound (0·9 per cent). Laparotomy was performed in 48 patients (21·4 per cent), and was positive in 33 and unnecessary or negative in 15. Haemodynamic instability and peritonitis were strong indicators of positive laparotomy; seven of 13 laparotomies for evisceration alone were negative, as were two of four for retained foreign bodies.
Conclusion
The laparotomy rate fell from 78·5 to 21·4 per cent over 25 years. The rate of unnecessary or negative laparotomy did not change. Isolated evisceration and retained foreign body remain relative indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C E Clarke
- Department of General and Vascular Surgery, Gartnavel General Hospital, 1053 Great Western Road, Glasgow G12 0YN, UK
| | - A T Stearns
- Department of General and Vascular Surgery, Gartnavel General Hospital, 1053 Great Western Road, Glasgow G12 0YN, UK
| | - C Payne
- Department of General and Vascular Surgery, Gartnavel General Hospital, 1053 Great Western Road, Glasgow G12 0YN, UK
| | - A J McKay
- Department of General and Vascular Surgery, Gartnavel General Hospital, 1053 Great Western Road, Glasgow G12 0YN, UK
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Wansink B, Payne C, North J. Fine as North Dakota Wine: Sensory Expectations and the Intake of Companion Foods. FASEB J 2007. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.21.5.a329-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian Wansink
- Applied Economics and ManagementCornell University109 Warren HallIthacaNY14853
| | - Collin Payne
- Applied Economics and ManagementCornell University109 Warren HallIthacaNY14853
| | - Jill North
- Food Science and Human NutritionUniversity of Illinois Urbana‐Champaign295 Bevier HallChampaignIL61801
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Payne C, Wansink B. How Wine Expectations Influence Meal Evaluations and Consumption. FASEB J 2007. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.21.5.a327-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Collin Payne
- Applied Economics and ManagementCornell University, Cornell University109 Warren HallIthacaNY14853
| | - Brian Wansink
- Applied Economics and ManagementCornell University, Cornell University109 Warren HallIthacaNY14853
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Payne C, Wansink B. Counting Bones: Environmental Cues of Food Eaten Decreases Food Intake. FASEB J 2007. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.21.5.a329-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Collin Payne
- Applied Economics and ManagementCornell University109 Warren HallIthacaNY14853
| | - Brian Wansink
- Applied Economics and ManagementCornell University109 Warren HallIthacaNY14853
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Payne C, Wansink B. Mindless Eating and Food‐Related Decisions. FASEB J 2007. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.21.5.a327-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Collin Payne
- Applied Economics and ManagementCornell University, Cornell University109 Warren HallIthacaNY14853
| | - Brian Wansink
- Applied Economics and ManagementCornell University, Cornell University109 Warren HallIthacaNY14853
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac transplant recipients have a greatly increased risk of nonmelanoma skin cancer, with a relative risk of up to 108. Skin cancer is more aggressive in transplant patients and results in substantial morbidity and mortality. It is therefore important that these patients understand this risk and take adequate sun-protection measures. AIM To assess awareness of skin cancer risk and sun protection measures used by cardiac transplant recipients and determine the impact of patient education. METHODS Using a detailed questionnaire, we surveyed 118 patients attending the cardiac transplant clinic at our centre to quantify knowledge of skin cancer risk (maximum total score 10) and behaviour in the sun (maximum total score 15). Of these patients, 50 were then seen by a dermatologist for education about skin cancer risk, sun protection measures and skin cancer screening. Six months later, we asked them to complete the same questionnaire again. RESULTS The mean knowledge score was 7.3/10 and the mean behaviour score was 11.2/15. In the group that received education, the mean knowledge score improved from 7.2/10 before the dermatology consultation to 7.8/10 after the consultation (P < 0.03). The mean score for the behaviour questions improved even more, from 11.2/15 before to 13.5/15 after the consultation (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS. This study demonstrates that specialist advice can improve self-reported knowledge of skin cancer risk and sun protective behaviour in cardiac transplant recipients. It is hoped that this may reduce the risk of nonmelanoma skin cancer in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tavadia
- Department of Dermatology, Royal Infirmary, Dermatology, Glasgow, UK.
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Gibson SC, Marsh A, Berry C, Payne C, Byrne DS, Rogers PN, McKay AJ, Dargie H, Kingsmore DB. Should Pre-operative Troponin be a Standard Requirement in Patients Undergoing Major Lower Extremity Amputation? Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2006; 31:637-41. [PMID: 16426872 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2005.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2005] [Accepted: 11/18/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to ascertain the benefit of routine pre-operative cardiac troponin I (cTnI) measurement in patients undergoing major lower extremity amputation for critical limb ischaemia. DESIGN This was a prospective, blinded observational study. METHODS All patients scheduled for lower extremity amputation, without evidence of unstable coronary artery disease were recruited prospectively over a period of 1 year. In addition to routine pre-operative evaluation, a blood sample was taken for measurement of serum cTnI. Post-operative screening was conducted for cardiac events with patients followed up to 6 weeks. RESULTS Ten of the 44 patients included suffered a non-fatal myocardial infarction or died from a cardiac cause post-operatively. A rise in pre-operative cTnI was associated with a very poor outcome (two cardiac deaths and one post-operative myocardial infarction) and was the only significant predictor of post-operative cardiac events. CONCLUSION Routine pre-operative cTnI measurement may be of use to identify patients at high risk of cardiac complication who would benefit from optimization of cardiac status or in whom surgery could be deferred.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Gibson
- Department of General and Vascular Surgery, Gartnavel General Hospital, Glasgow, UK.
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Payne C. 335 Forces and foot orthoses. J Sci Med Sport 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s1440-2440(17)30832-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Payne C. 15 Clinical tests for predicting foot orthoses outcomes. J Sci Med Sport 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s1440-2440(17)30510-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Payne C, Patience D, Zammitt G. 301 Predictors of a response to a windlass mechanism enhancing running shoes. J Sci Med Sport 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s1440-2440(17)30798-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Payne C, Zammitt G, Patience D. 299 Foot orthoses function and alteration in sensory input. J Sci Med Sport 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s1440-2440(17)30796-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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