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Li R, Lei Y, Rezk A, Diego A Espinoza, Wang J, Feng H, Zhang B, Barcelos IP, Zhang H, Yu J, Huo X, Zhu F, Yang C, Tang H, Goldstein AC, Banwell BL, Hakonarson H, Xu H, Mingueneau M, Sun B, Li H, Bar-Or A. Oxidative phosphorylation regulates B cell effector cytokines and promotes inflammation in multiple sclerosis. Sci Immunol 2024; 9:eadk0865. [PMID: 38701189 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adk0865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Dysregulated B cell cytokine production contributes to pathogenesis of immune-mediated diseases including multiple sclerosis (MS); however, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. In this study we investigated how cytokine secretion by pro-inflammatory (GM-CSF-expressing) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10-expressing) B cells is regulated. Pro-inflammatory human B cells required increased oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) compared with anti-inflammatory B cells. OXPHOS reciprocally modulated pro- and anti-inflammatory B cell cytokines through regulation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) signaling. Partial inhibition of OXPHOS or ATP-signaling including with BTK inhibition resulted in an anti-inflammatory B cell cytokine shift, reversed the B cell cytokine imbalance in patients with MS, and ameliorated neuroinflammation in a myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-induced experimental autoimmune encephalitis mouse model. Our study identifies how pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines are metabolically regulated in B cells and identifies ATP and its metabolites as a "fourth signal" that shapes B cell responses and is a potential target for restoring the B cell cytokine balance in autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Center for Neuroinflammation and Experimental Therapeutics and the Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Institute of Immunotherapy and Department of Neurology of First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, China
| | - Yanting Lei
- Department of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Ayman Rezk
- Center for Neuroinflammation and Experimental Therapeutics and the Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Diego A Espinoza
- Center for Neuroinflammation and Experimental Therapeutics and the Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Huiru Feng
- Institute of Immunotherapy and Department of Neurology of First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Institute of Immunotherapy and Department of Neurology of First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, China
| | - Isabella P Barcelos
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hang Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Xinrui Huo
- Department of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Fangyi Zhu
- Department of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Changxin Yang
- Department of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Hao Tang
- MS Research Unit, Biogen, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Amy C Goldstein
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Brenda L Banwell
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics, Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hongwei Xu
- Department of Immunology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | | | - Bo Sun
- Department of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Hulun Li
- Department of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Amit Bar-Or
- Center for Neuroinflammation and Experimental Therapeutics and the Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- MS Research Unit, Biogen, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
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Liakouli V, Ciancio A, Del Galdo F, Giacomelli R, Ciccia F. Systemic sclerosis interstitial lung disease: unmet needs and potential solutions. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2024; 20:21-32. [PMID: 37923862 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-023-01044-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc), or scleroderma, is a rare, complex, systemic autoimmune disease of unknown aetiology, characterized by high morbidity and mortality often resulting from cardiopulmonary complications such as interstitial lung disease and pulmonary arterial hypertension. Despite substantial progress in unravelling the pathways involved in the pathogenesis of SSc and the increasing number of therapeutic targets tested in clinical trials, there is still no cure for this disease, although several proposed treatments might limit the involvement of specific organs, thereby slowing the natural history of the disease. A specific focus of recent research has been to address the plethora of unmet needs regarding the global management of SSc-related interstitial lung disease, including its pathogenesis, early diagnosis, risk stratification of patients, appropriate treatment regimens and monitoring of treatment response, as well as the definition of progression and predictors of progression and mortality. More refined stratification of patients on the basis of clinical features, molecular signatures, identification of subpopulations with distinct clinical trajectories and implementation of outcome measures for future clinical trials could also improve therapeutic management strategies, helping to avoid poor outcomes related to lung involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Liakouli
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
| | - Antonio Ciancio
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Del Galdo
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Scleroderma Programme, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospital Trusts, Leeds, UK
| | - Roberto Giacomelli
- Rheumatology and Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Rome Campus Biomedico, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Ciccia
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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3
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Gumkowska-Sroka O, Kotyla K, Mojs E, Palka K, Kotyla P. Novel Therapeutic Strategies in the Treatment of Systemic Sclerosis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1066. [PMID: 37630981 PMCID: PMC10458905 DOI: 10.3390/ph16081066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis is a connective tissue disease of unknown origin and with an unpredictable course, with both cutaneous and internal organ manifestations. Despite the enormous progress in rheumatology and clinical immunology, the background of this disease is largely unknown, and no specific therapy exists. The therapeutic approach aims to treat and preserve the function of internal organs, and this approach is commonly referred to as organ-based treatment. However, in modern times, data from other branches of medicine may offer insight into how to treat disease-related complications, making it possible to find new drugs to treat this disease. In this review, we present therapeutic options aiming to stop the progression of fibrotic processes, restore the aberrant immune response, stop improper signalling from proinflammatory cytokines, and halt the production of disease-related autoantibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Gumkowska-Sroka
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Voivodeship Hospital No. 5 in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland;
- Department of Internal Medicine Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (K.K.); (K.P.)
| | - Kacper Kotyla
- Department of Internal Medicine Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (K.K.); (K.P.)
| | - Ewa Mojs
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Klaudia Palka
- Department of Internal Medicine Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (K.K.); (K.P.)
| | - Przemysław Kotyla
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Voivodeship Hospital No. 5 in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland;
- Department of Internal Medicine Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (K.K.); (K.P.)
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4
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Colic J, Campochiaro C, Hughes M, Matucci Cerinic M, Dagna L. Investigational drugs for the treatment of scleroderma: what's new? Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2023; 32:601-614. [PMID: 37526079 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2023.2242762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an orphan, chronic, autoimmune, fibrotic disease with unknown etiology characterized by progressive fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. SSc has the highest mortality, the deadliest among the connective tissue diseases, despite the introduction of new treatment options in the past decades. AREAS COVERED The aim of the current systematic review was to investigate new targeted therapy and their impact on disease progression, mainly focusing on phase I and II clinical trials within the past three years. EXPERT OPINION Despite recent groundbreaking advancements in understanding SSc pathophysiology, early diagnosis and early introduction of effective targeted treatments within the optimal window of opportunity to prevent irreversible disease damage still represents a significant clinical challenge. Ongoing significant research for new molecular and epigenetics pathways is of fundamental importance to offer new perspectives on disease phenotype and for the development of personalized treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Colic
- Department of Rheumatology, Institute of Rheumatology, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Corrado Campochiaro
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milano, Italy
| | - Michael Hughes
- Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, England
| | - Marco Matucci Cerinic
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi (AOUC) and Denothe Centre, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Dagna
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milano, Italy
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5
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Lescoat A, Roofeh D, Kuwana M, Lafyatis R, Allanore Y, Khanna D. Therapeutic Approaches to Systemic Sclerosis: Recent Approvals and Future Candidate Therapies. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2023; 64:239-261. [PMID: 34468946 PMCID: PMC9034469 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-021-08891-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis is the rheumatic disease with the highest individual mortality. The severity of the disease is determined by the extent of fibrotic changes to cutaneous and internal organ tissues, the most life-threatening visceral manifestations being interstitial lung disease, SSc-associated-pulmonary arterial hypertension and myocardial involvement. The heterogeneity of the disease has initially hindered the design of successful clinical trials, but considerations on classification criteria have improved patient selection in trials, allowing the identification of more homogeneous groups of patients based on progressive visceral manifestations or the extent of skin involvement with a focus of patients with early disease. Two major subsets of systemic sclerosis are classically described: limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis characterized by distal skin fibrosis and the diffuse subset with distal and proximal skin thickening. Beyond this dichotomic subgrouping of systemic sclerosis, new phenotypic considerations based on antibody subtypes have provided a better understanding of the heterogeneity of the disease, anti-Scl70 antibodies being associated with progressive interstitial lung disease regardless of cutaneous involvement. Two targeted therapies, tocilizumab (a monoclonal antibody targeting interleukin-6 receptors (IL-6R)) and nintedanib (a tyrosine kinase inhibitor), have recently been approved by the American Food & Drug Administration to limit the decline of lung function in patients with SSc-associated interstitial lung disease, demonstrating that such better understanding of the disease pathogenesis with the identification of key targets can lead to therapeutic advances in the management of some visceral manifestations of the disease. This review will provide a brief overview of the pathogenesis of SSc and will present a selection of therapies recently approved or evaluated in this context. Therapies evaluated and approved in SSc-ILD will be emphasized and a review of recent phase II trials in diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis will be proposed. We will also discuss selected therapeutic pathways currently under investigation in systemic sclerosis that still lack clinical data in this context but that may show promising results in the future based on preclinical data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Lescoat
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail) - UMR_S 1085, Rennes, France
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Michigan Scleroderma Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - David Roofeh
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Michigan Scleroderma Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Masataka Kuwana
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Nippon Medical School Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Robert Lafyatis
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yannick Allanore
- INSERM U1016 and CNRS UMR8104, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- Service de Rhumatologie, Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP.CUP, Paris, France
| | - Dinesh Khanna
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Michigan Scleroderma Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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6
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The Role of T Cells in Systemic Sclerosis: An Update. IMMUNO 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/immuno2030034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic disease characterized by microvasculopathy, autoantibodies (autoAbs), and fibrosis. The pathogenesis of the disease is incompletely understood. Microvasculopathy and autoAbs appear very early in the disease process. AutoAbs, such as those directed against DNA topoisomerase I (Topo I), are disease specific and associated with disease manifestations, and indicate activation of the adaptive immune system. B cells are involved in fibrosis in SSc. T cells are also involved in disease pathogenesis. T cells show signs of antigen-induced activation; T cells of TH2 type are increased and produce profibrotic cytokines interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13, and IL-31; CD4+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes are increased in skin lesions, and cause fibrosis and endothelial cell apoptosis; circulating T follicular helper (TFH) cells are increased in SSc produce IL-21 and promote plasmablast antibody production. On the other hand, regulatory T cells are impaired in SSc. These findings provide strong circumstantial evidence for T cell implication in SSc pathogenesis and encourage new T cell-directed therapeutic strategies for the disease.
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7
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Thoreau B, Chaigne B, Mouthon L. Role of B-Cell in the Pathogenesis of Systemic Sclerosis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:933468. [PMID: 35903091 PMCID: PMC9315392 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.933468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare multisystem autoimmune disease, characterized by fibrosis, vasculopathy, and autoimmunity. Recent advances have highlighted the significant implications of B-cells in SSc. B-cells are present in affected organs, their subpopulations are disrupted, and they display an activated phenotype, and the regulatory capacities of B-cells are impaired, as illustrated by the decrease in the IL-10+ producing B-cell subpopulation or the inhibitory membrane co-receptor density. Recent multi-omics evidence highlights the role of B-cells mainly in the early stage of SSc and preferentially during severe organ involvement. This dysregulated homeostasis partly explains the synthesis of anti-endothelial cell autoantibodies (AECAs) or anti-fibroblast autoantibodies (AFAs), proinflammatory or profibrotic cytokines (interleukin-6 and transforming growth factor-β) produced by B and plasma cells. That is associated with cell-to-cell interactions with endothelial cells, fibroblasts, vascular smooth muscle cells, and other immune cells, altogether leading to cell activation and proliferation, cell resistance to apoptosis, the impairment of regulatory mechanisms, and causing fibrosis of several organs encountered in the SSc. Finally, alongside these exploratory data, treatments targeting B-cells, through their depletion by cytotoxicity (anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody), or the cytokines produced by the B-cell, or their costimulation molecules, seem interesting, probably in certain profiles of early patients with severe organic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Thoreau
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Referral Center for Rare Systemic Autoimmune Diseases, Cochin Hospital, AP‐HP, CEDEX 14, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- INSERM U1016, Cochin Institute, CNRS UMR 8104, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Benjamin Chaigne
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Referral Center for Rare Systemic Autoimmune Diseases, Cochin Hospital, AP‐HP, CEDEX 14, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- INSERM U1016, Cochin Institute, CNRS UMR 8104, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Luc Mouthon
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Referral Center for Rare Systemic Autoimmune Diseases, Cochin Hospital, AP‐HP, CEDEX 14, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- INSERM U1016, Cochin Institute, CNRS UMR 8104, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- *Correspondence: Luc Mouthon,
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8
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Liossis SNC, Staveri C. The Role of B Cells in Scleroderma Lung Disease Pathogenesis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:936182. [PMID: 35860745 PMCID: PMC9289134 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.936182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic, autoimmune, multisystem disease characterized by tissue fibrosis that, apart from the skin, may affect the lungs among other organs. B cells have been found in tissue lymphocytic infiltrates; in the lungs are encountered in lymphoid aggregates. The abnormal and hyperreactive B cell in SSc may initiate and perpetuate the fibrotic process via incompletely understood mechanisms. Studies in animal models of SSc have demonstrated that B cell dysregulation is an early event in disease pathogenesis. Functional disturbances of BCR signaling such as decreased inhibitory CD22 signal transduction or augmented CD19-mediated signaling result in prolonged B cell activation. Antagonism of BAFF, a cytokine known for his central role in B cell survival and maturation, not only suppresses the production of fibrogenic cytokines such as IL-6 and IL-10, but also amplifies antifibrogenic cytokine secretion such as IFN-γ and it finally contributes to skin fibrosis attenuation. B cells subsets in SSc patients display several abnormalities. Naïve B cells are increased, in contrast to switched memory B cells that are not only decreased but also activated. Disturbances in the expression of molecules that are involved in B cell tuning have also been described. Interestingly, a distinct B cell population characterized by anergy and exhaustion has been found to be increased in patients with SSc-ILD. Another B cell subset, the CD30+GM-Beff, is capable to differentiate monocytes to dendritic cells and is increased in SSc patients with ILD. Of note, patients with SSc-ILD exhibit increased expression of the inhibitory receptor FcγRIIB on naïve and double negative B cells aiming perhaps to counterbalance the abnormal B cell activation. Studies of B cell targeted treatments have demonstrated promising clinical efficacy. Therefore, B cell eliminating therapies could be integrated into the therapeutic armamentarium of patients suffering from SSc-ILD aiming to at least stabilize the fibrotic lung process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stamatis-Nick C. Liossis
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Patras University Hospital, Patras, Greece
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Patras Medical School, Patras, Greece
- *Correspondence: Stamatis-Nick C. Liossis
| | - Chrysanthi Staveri
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Patras University Hospital, Patras, Greece
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9
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Fecho K, Thessen AE, Baranzini SE, Bizon C, Hadlock JJ, Huang S, Roper RT, Southall N, Ta C, Watkins PB, Williams MD, Xu H, Byrd W, Dančík V, Duby MP, Dumontier M, Glusman G, Harris NL, Hinderer EW, Hyde G, Johs A, Su AI, Qin G, Zhu Q. Progress toward a universal biomedical data translator. Clin Transl Sci 2022; 15:1838-1847. [PMID: 35611543 PMCID: PMC9372428 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical, biomedical, and translational science has reached an inflection point in the breadth and diversity of available data and the potential impact of such data to improve human health and well-being. However, the data are often siloed, disorganized, and not broadly accessible due to discipline-specific differences in terminology and representation. To address these challenges, the Biomedical Data Translator Consortium has developed and tested a pilot knowledge graph-based "Translator" system capable of integrating existing biomedical data sets and "translating" those data into insights intended to augment human reasoning and accelerate translational science. Having demonstrated feasibility of the Translator system, the Translator program has since moved into development, and the Translator Consortium has made significant progress in the research, design, and implementation of an operational system. Herein, we describe the current system's architecture, performance, and quality of results. We apply Translator to several real-world use cases developed in collaboration with subject-matter experts. Finally, we discuss the scientific and technical features of Translator and compare those features to other state-of-the-art, biomedical graph-based question-answering systems.
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Grants
- OT3TR002019 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Biomedical Data Translator Program
- ZIA TR000276-05 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Intramural Research Program
- OT2TR003449 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Biomedical Data Translator Program
- U01 DK065201 NIDDK NIH HHS
- OT2TR002515 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Biomedical Data Translator Program
- OT2TR003443 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Biomedical Data Translator Program
- OT2TR002584 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Biomedical Data Translator Program
- OT2TR003434 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Biomedical Data Translator Program
- OT2 TR003449 NCATS NIH HHS
- OT2TR003433 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Biomedical Data Translator Program
- OT2TR003435 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Biomedical Data Translator Program
- OT2TR002517 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Biomedical Data Translator Program
- OT3TR002027 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Biomedical Data Translator Program
- OT2TR003422 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Biomedical Data Translator Program
- OT2TR003441 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Biomedical Data Translator Program
- OT3TR002020 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Biomedical Data Translator Program
- OT2TR003448 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Biomedical Data Translator Program
- OT2TR003428 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Biomedical Data Translator Program
- OT2TR003445 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Biomedical Data Translator Program
- I75N95021P00636 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Biomedical Data Translator Program
- OT2TR002520 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Biomedical Data Translator Program
- OT2TR003427 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Biomedical Data Translator Program
- OT2TR003436 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Biomedical Data Translator Program
- ZIA TR000276 Intramural NIH HHS
- OT2TR002514 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Biomedical Data Translator Program
- OT3TR002025 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Biomedical Data Translator Program
- OT2 TR003428 NCATS NIH HHS
- 5U01DK065201 NIDDK NIH HHS
- OT2TR003437 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Biomedical Data Translator Program
- OT2TR003450 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Biomedical Data Translator Program
- OT3TR002026 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Biomedical Data Translator Program
- OT2TR003430 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Biomedical Data Translator Program
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Biomedical Data Translator Program
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Affiliation(s)
- Karamarie Fecho
- Renaissance Computing InstituteUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Anne E. Thessen
- Center for Health AIUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Sergio E. Baranzini
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of NeurologyUniversity of California at San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Chris Bizon
- Renaissance Computing InstituteUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | | | - Sui Huang
- Institute for Systems BiologySeattleWashingtonUSA
| | | | - Noel Southall
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational SciencesNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Casey Ta
- Department of Biomedical InformaticsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Paul B. Watkins
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, Eshelman School of PharmacyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Mark D. Williams
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational SciencesNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Hao Xu
- Renaissance Computing InstituteUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - William Byrd
- Hugh Kaul Precision Medicine InstituteUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Vlado Dančík
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Science ProgramBroad InstituteCambridgeMassachusettsUSA
| | - Marc P. Duby
- Medical and Population Genetics ProgramBroad InstituteCambridgeMassachusettsUSA
| | - Michel Dumontier
- Institute of Data ScienceMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | | | - Nomi L. Harris
- Division of Environmental Genomics and Systems BiologyLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
| | - Eugene W. Hinderer
- Tufts Clinical and Translational Science InstituteTufts Medical CenterBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Greg Hyde
- Thayer School of EngineeringDartmouth CollegeHanoverNew HampshireUSA
| | - Adam Johs
- Department of Information Science, College of Computing and InformaticsDrexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Andrew I. Su
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational BiologyThe Scripps Research InstituteLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Qian Zhu
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational SciencesNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
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10
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Glauzy S, Olson B, May CK, Parisi D, Massad C, Hansen JE, Ryu C, Herzog EL, Meffre E. Defective Early B Cell Tolerance Checkpoints in Patients With Systemic Sclerosis Allow the Production of Self Antigen-Specific Clones. Arthritis Rheumatol 2022; 74:307-317. [PMID: 34279059 PMCID: PMC8766600 DOI: 10.1002/art.41927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Early selection steps preventing autoreactive naive B cell production are often impaired in patients with autoimmune diseases, but central and peripheral B cell tolerance checkpoints have not been assessed in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). This study was undertaken to characterize early B cell tolerance checkpoints in patients with SSc. METHODS Using an in vitro polymerase chain reaction-based approach that allows the expression of recombinant antibodies cloned from single B cells, we tested the reactivity of antibodies expressed by 212 CD19+CD21low CD10+IgMhigh CD27- new emigrant/transitional B cells and 190 CD19+CD21+CD10-IgM+CD27- mature naive B cells from 10 patients with SSc. RESULTS Compared to serum from healthy donors, serum from patients with SSc displayed elevated proportions of polyreactive and antinuclear-reactive new emigrant/transitional B cells that recognize topoisomerase I, suggesting that defective central B cell tolerance contributes to the production of serum autoantibodies characteristic of the disease. Frequencies of autoreactive mature naive B cells were also significantly increased in SSc patients compared to healthy donors, thus indicating that a peripheral B cell tolerance checkpoint may be impaired in SSc. CONCLUSION Defective counterselection of developing autoreactive naive B cells in SSc leads to the production of self antigen-specific B cells that may secrete autoantibodies and allow the formation of immune complexes, which promote fibrosis in SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salome Glauzy
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Brennan Olson
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Christopher K. May
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Daniele Parisi
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Christopher Massad
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - James E. Hansen
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Changwan Ryu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Erica L. Herzog
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Eric Meffre
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Section of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Correspondence to: Eric Meffre, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 George Street, Room 353F, New Haven, CT 06511, USA., Phone: 203-737-4535, Fax: 203-785-7903,
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Contribution of monocytes and macrophages to the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis: recent insights and therapeutic implications. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2021; 33:463-470. [PMID: 34506339 DOI: 10.1097/bor.0000000000000835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To discuss recent studies addressing the role of monocytes and macrophages in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSc) based on human and mouse models. RECENT FINDINGS Studies indicate that monocyte adhesion could be increased in SSc secondary to an interferon-dependent loss of CD52, and chemotaxis up-regulated through the CCR3/CCL24 pathway. Beyond the conventional M1/M2 paradigm of macrophage subpopulations, new subpopulations of macrophages have been recently described in skin and lung biopsies from SSc patients. Notably, single-cell ribonucleic acid sequencing has provided evidence for SPP1+ lung macrophages or FCGR3A+ skin macrophages in SSc. Impaired pro-resolving capacities of macrophages such as efferocytosis, i.e. the ability to phagocyte apoptotic cells, could also participate in the inflammatory and autoimmune features in SSc. SUMMARY Through their potential pro-fibrotic and pro-inflammatory properties, macrophages are at the cross-road of key SSc pathogenic processes and associated manifestations. Investigative drugs targeting macrophage polarization, such as pan-janus kinase inhibitors (tofacitinib or ruxolitinib) impacting both M1 and M2 activations, or Romilkimab inhibiting IL-4 and IL-13, have shown promising results in preclinical models or phase I/II clinical trials in SSc and other fibro-inflammatory disorders. Macrophage-based cellular therapy may also represent an innovative approach for the treatment of SSc, as initial training of macrophages may modulate the severity of fibrotic and autoimmune manifestations of the disease.
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12
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Huan X, Luo S, Zhong H, Zheng X, Song J, Zhou L, Lu J, Wang Y, Xu Y, Xi J, Zou Z, Chen S, Zhao C. In-depth peripheral CD4 + T profile correlates with myasthenic crisis. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2021; 8:749-762. [PMID: 33616296 PMCID: PMC8045923 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease caused by autoantibodies against neuromuscular junctions. Myasthenic crisis (MC) represents the most severe state of MG with high in‐hospital mortality. We aimed to identify immune signatures using in‐depth profiling in MC, and to assess the correlations between immune biomarkers with clinical severity longitudinally. Methods We studied 181 participants including 57 healthy controls, 96 patients with MG who never experienced crisis and 28 MC patients from December 2018 through June 2020. Follow‐up visits occurred prospectively from crisis to 6 months off‐mechanical ventilation. The frequencies of 20 CD4+ T subpopulations and 18 serum cytokines were associated with clinical scores using correlations and principal component analysis. Results Patients in crisis exhibited a proinflammatory CD4+T response with elevated Th1 (P = 0.026), and Th17 cells (P = 0.032); decreased T follicular helper 2 (Tfh2) cells (P < 0.001), Tnaive in Tfh cells (P < 0.001), ICOS−Tfh cells (P = 0.017), and T central memory in Tfh (P = 0.022) compared with controls, and increased frequencies of Tregs (P = 0.026) and Tfh17 (P = 0.045) compared with non‐crisis MG. Cytokine cascade was identified in crisis including the ones associated with Th1 (IL‐1β/2/12p70/18/27/IFN‐γ/TNF‐α), Th2 (IL‐4/5/13), Th17 (IL‐6/17A/21/22/23/GM‐CSF), Th9 (IL‐9), and Treg (IL‐10). Longitudinally, seven immune biomarkers including Tregs, IL‐2/4/17A/IFN‐γ/TNF‐α/GM‐CSF had significant correlations with MG‐activities of daily living score. Interpretation Vigorous inflammatory CD4+ T signatures were identified in MC and are associated with clinical severity. Future research is needed to explore its potential candidacy for therapeutic intervention and predicting impending crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Huan
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sushan Luo
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huahua Zhong
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueying Zheng
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Song
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yafang Xu
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianying Xi
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhangyu Zou
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chongbo Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Talotta R. The rationale for targeting the JAK/STAT pathway in scleroderma-associated interstitial lung disease. Immunotherapy 2020; 13:241-256. [PMID: 33410346 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2020-0270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The etiopathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSc)-associated interstitial lung disease (ILD) is still debated and no therapeutic options have proved fully effective to date. The intracellular Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway is highly conserved among either immune or nonimmune cells and involved in inflammation and fibrosis. Evidence from preclinical studies shows that the JAK/STAT signaling cascade has a crucial role in the differentiation of autoreactive cells as well as in the extracellular matrix remodeling that occurs in SSc. Therefore, it is likely that the use of oral small molecule JAK-inhibitors, especially if prescribed early, may prevent or slow the progression of SSc-associated ILD, but few clinical studies currently support this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Talotta
- Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, University of Messina, University Hospital 'Gaetano Martino', via Consolare Valeria 1, 98100, Messina, Italy
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O'Reilly S, van Laar J. B(effector)reaking bad in systemic sclerosis: role of a novel B cell subset. Clin Exp Immunol 2020; 201:231-232. [PMID: 32783250 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S O'Reilly
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham, UK
| | - J van Laar
- Clinical Rheumatology Department, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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