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Carlos RM, Matias CN, Cavaca ML, Cardoso S, Santos DA, Giro R, Vaz JR, Pereira P, Vicente F, Leonardo-Mendonça RC, Ganhão-Arranhado S, Santos HO, Reiter RJ, Teixeira FJ. The effects of melatonin and magnesium in a novel supplement delivery system on sleep scores, body composition and metabolism in otherwise healthy individuals with sleep disturbances. Chronobiol Int 2024; 41:817-828. [PMID: 38745424 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2024.2353225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a novel dietary supplement, including melatonin and magnesium, delivered via coffee pods on sleep quality, resting metabolic rate (RMR), and body composition in individuals with poor sleep quality disturbances. Using a double-blinded, randomized, crossover trial, we recruited 35 participants to a 4-week intervention with both supplements (1.9 mg melatonin + 200 mg elemental magnesium before sleep) and placebo conditions, considering a 7d washout period between treatments. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire was applied, RMR (kcal) was measured using indirect calorimetry (canopy ventilated open-circuit system) and body composition was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Decreases in PSQI and anger - hostility scores, as well as in energy intake and fat mass, were observed (p < 0.05) for both conditions, from baseline to the end of each 4-week intervention. Differences between conditions were also observed for these parameters along with energy spent in activity, number of sedentary breaks, sleep efficiency, latency time, time in bed, total sleep time, awakening time, and movement index (p < 0.05) favouring the supplement condition. However, the final PSQI questionnaire scores still indicated poor sleep quality on average (PSQI > 5), in both conditions, with no changes regarding RMR. A melatonin-magnesium supplement, in a coffee pod format, showed improvements in sleep quality in otherwise healthy individuals with sleep disturbances, however PSQI questionnaire scores still indicated poor quality on average (PSQI > 5).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael M Carlos
- Atlântica - Instituto Universitário, Fábrica da Pólvora de Barcarena, 2730-036 Barcarena, Portugal
- Bettery Lifelab, Bettery S.A., Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Catarina N Matias
- Bettery Lifelab, Bettery S.A., Lisboa, Portugal
- CIDEFES, Universidade Lusófona, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Margarida L Cavaca
- Bettery Lifelab, Bettery S.A., Lisboa, Portugal
- Neuromuscular Research Lab, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal
| | - Sofia Cardoso
- Neuromuscular Research Lab, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal
| | - Diana A Santos
- ESECS, Polytechnic University of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- Research Center in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Portugal
| | - Rita Giro
- Bettery Lifelab, Bettery S.A., Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João R Vaz
- Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Human Performance (CIPER), Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal
- Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Egas Moniz School of Health and Science, Monte de Caparica, Portugal
| | - Paula Pereira
- Grupo de Estudos em Nutrição Aplicada (GENA), CiiEM, Egas Moniz-Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Almada, Portugal
| | - Filipa Vicente
- Grupo de Estudos em Nutrição Aplicada (GENA), CiiEM, Egas Moniz-Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Almada, Portugal
| | | | - Susana Ganhão-Arranhado
- Atlântica - Instituto Universitário, Fábrica da Pólvora de Barcarena, 2730-036 Barcarena, Portugal
- CINTESIS, Center for Health Technology and Services Research, Porto, Portugal
| | - Heitor O Santos
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Brazil
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health Long School of Medicine, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Filipe J Teixeira
- Atlântica - Instituto Universitário, Fábrica da Pólvora de Barcarena, 2730-036 Barcarena, Portugal
- Bettery Lifelab, Bettery S.A., Lisboa, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Human Performance (CIPER), Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal
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Badawy MM, Sayed-Ahmed MZ, Almoshari Y, Alqahtani SS, Alshahrani S, Mabrouk HAA, Abd-Elsalam MM, Alkashif K, Ahmad S, El-Sebaey AM, Hamama MG, Ahmed DAM. Magnesium Supplementation Alleviates the Toxic Effects of Silica Nanoparticles on the Kidneys, Liver, and Adrenal Glands in Rats. TOXICS 2023; 11:381. [PMID: 37112608 PMCID: PMC10141093 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11040381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Concerns regarding the possible hazards to human health have been raised by the growing usage of silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) in a variety of applications, including industrial, agricultural, and medical applications. This in vivo subchronic study was conducted to assess the following: (1) the toxicity of orally administered SiNPs on the liver, kidneys, and adrenal glands; (2) the relationship between SiNPs exposure and oxidative stress; and (3) the role of magnesium in mitigating these toxic effects. A total of 24 Sprague Dawley male adult rats were divided equally into four groups, as follows: control group, magnesium (Mg) group (50 mg/kg/d), SiNPs group (100 mg/kg/d), and SiNPs+ Mg group. Rats were treated with SiNPs by oral gavage for 90 days. The liver transaminases, serum creatinine, and cortisol levels were evaluated. The tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were measured. Additionally, the weight of the organs and the histopathological changes were examined. Our results demonstrated that SiNPs exposure caused increased weight in the kidneys and adrenal glands. Exposure to SiNPs was also associated with significant alterations in liver transaminases, serum creatinine, cortisol, MDA, and GSH. Additionally, histopathological changes were significantly reported in the liver, kidneys, and adrenal glands of SiNPs-treated rats. Notably, when we compared the control group with the treated groups with SiNPs and Mg, the results revealed that magnesium could mitigate SiNPs-induced biochemical and histopathologic changes, confirming its effective role as an antioxidant that reduced the accumulation of SiNPs in tissues, and that it returns the levels of liver transaminases, serum creatinine, cortisol, MDA, and GSH to almost normal values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Moharram Badawy
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 11152, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Z. Sayed-Ahmed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jizan 45142, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Yosif Almoshari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jizan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad S. Alqahtani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jizan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Alshahrani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jizan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba Allah Ali Mabrouk
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr el-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Marwa M. Abd-Elsalam
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr el-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Khalid Alkashif
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jizan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarfaraz Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jizan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M. El-Sebaey
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohamed G. Hamama
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Dalia Alsaied Moustafa Ahmed
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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Herbal Sources of Magnesium as a Promising Multifaceted Intervention for the Management of COVID-19. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221116235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus-disease 2019 (COVID-19) was announced as a global pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO), and it affected all human groups. Severe COVID-19 is characterized by cytokine storms, which can lead to multiorgan failure and death, although fever and cough are the most typical symptoms of mild COVID-19. Plant-based diets provide a 73% lower risk of moderate-to-severe COVID-19. Additionally, the association between low levels of some micronutrients and the adverse clinical consequences of COVID-19 has been demonstrated. So, nutritional therapy can become part of patient care for the survival of this life-threatening disease (COVID-19) also short-term recovery. Magnesium as an essential micronutrient due to its anti-inflammatory and beneficial effects can effectively prevent COVID-19 pandemic by playing a role in the treatment of comorbidities such as diabetes and cardiovascular disorders as major risk factors for mortality. Sufficient magnesium to stay healthy is provided by a proper daily diet, and there is usually no need to take magnesium supplements. Considering that almost half of the dietary magnesium comes from fruits, vegetables, nuts, and grains, it seems necessary to pay attention to the consumption of edible plants containing sufficient magnesium as part of the diet to prevent severe COVID-19. In this study, we have described the beneficial effects of sufficient magnesium levels to control COVID-19 and the importance of plant-based magnesium-rich diets. Additionally, we have listed some edible magnesium-rich plants.
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Colombo EA, Cooke RF, Araújo ACR, Harvey KM, Pohler KG, Brandão AP. Supplementing a blend of magnesium oxide to feedlot cattle: effects on ruminal, physiological, and productive responses. J Anim Sci 2021; 100:6482785. [PMID: 34951640 PMCID: PMC8919815 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skab375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This experiment evaluated ruminal, physiological, and productive responses of feedlot cattle consuming a corn-based finishing diet that included different levels of a magnesium oxide (MG) blend. Yearling cattle (58 heifers and 62 steers) were ranked by sex and initial body weight (BW; 407 ± 3.1 kg), and allocated to 4 groups of 30 animals each. Groups were housed in one of four drylot pens (30 × 12 m) equipped with GrowSafe automated feeding systems (Model 6000E, 4 bunks/pen) during the experiment (days -14 to 117). On day 0, groups were randomly assigned to receive a total-mixed ration without (CON; n = 30) or with the inclusion (as-fed basis) of MG at 0.25% (MG25; n = 30), 0.50% (MG50; n = 30), or 0.75% (MG75; n = 30) until slaughter on day 118. Individual feed intake was recorded daily, and BW was recorded every 14 d and prior to slaughter (day 117). Blood samples were collected on days 0, 28, 56, 84, and 112, and hair samples were collected on days 0, 56, and 112 from the tail-switch. On day 42, eight rumen-cannulated steers (BW = 492 ± 8.0 kg) were housed with yearling cattle (1 pair/pen). Pairs rotated among groups every 14 d, resulting in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design (n = 8/treatment; days 42 to 98). Rumen pH was measured on days 7 and 14 of each period (0800, 1200, 1600, and 2000 h). Orthogonal contrasts were used to determine if inclusion of MG (0%, 0.25%, 0.50%, or 0.75% of the diet) yielded linear or quadratic effects, and to explore overall effect of MG supplementation (CON vs. MG25 + MG50 + MG75). No treatment differences were noted (P ≥ 0.31) for BW gain, feed intake, or feed efficiency. Cattle supplemented with MG tended to have less carcass marbling (P = 0.07) compared with CON. Inclusion of MG linearly increased (P < 0.01) mean plasma concentrations of magnesium and tended to linearly decrease (P = 0.09) mean plasma concentrations of haptoglobin. Cattle supplemented with MG had greater (P < 0.01) mean plasma concentrations of cortisol compared with CON. Hair cortisol concentration did not differ between treatments on day 56 (P ≥ 0.25) and linearly decreased (P < 0.01) with MG inclusion on day 112 (treatment × day; P = 0.02). Inclusion of MG linearly increased (P = 0.03) mean rumen pH, but these outcomes were mostly noted during the last two sampling of the day (treatment × hour; P = 0.02). Collectively, supplemental MG was effective in controlling rumen pH in cattle receiving a corn-based finishing diet, but without improvements in feedlot performance and carcass merit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo A Colombo
- Department of Animal Science − Texas A&M
University, College Station, TX 77845,
USA
| | - Reinaldo F Cooke
- Department of Animal Science − Texas A&M
University, College Station, TX 77845,
USA,Corresponding author:
| | - Ana Clara R Araújo
- Department of Animal Science − Texas A&M
University, College Station, TX 77845,
USA,Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia,
Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP
18618-970, Brazil
| | - Kelsey M Harvey
- Prairie Research Unit – Mississippi State
University, Prairie, MS 39756, USA
| | - Ky G Pohler
- Department of Animal Science − Texas A&M
University, College Station, TX 77845,
USA
| | - Alice P Brandão
- Department of Animal Science − Texas A&M
University, College Station, TX 77845,
USA
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Schutten JC, Joris PJ, Minović I, Post A, van Beek AP, de Borst MH, Mensink RP, Bakker SJL. Long-term magnesium supplementation improves glucocorticoid metabolism: A post-hoc analysis of an intervention trial. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2021; 94:150-157. [PMID: 33030273 PMCID: PMC7821302 DOI: 10.1111/cen.14350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Increasing magnesium intake might reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Whether potential effects on cortisol contribute to these beneficial effects on cardiovascular health remains unclear. We therefore studied effects of long-term oral magnesium supplementation on glucocorticoid metabolism, specifically on the excretion of urinary cortisol, cortisone and their metabolites, as well as on the ratios reflecting enzymatic activity of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (11β-HSDs) and A-ring reductases. DESIGN A post-hoc analysis of a randomized trial with allocation to a magnesium supplement (350 mg/day) or a placebo for 24-week. PATIENTS Forty-nine overweight men and women, aged between 45 and 70 years. MEASUREMENTS Cortisol, cortisone and their metabolites (tetrahydrocortisol [THF], allo-tetrahydrocortisol [allo-THF] and tetrahydrocortisone [THE]) were measured in 24-h urine samples. Enzymatic activities of 11β-HSD overall and of 11β-HSD type 2 were estimated as the urinary (THF + allo-THF [THFs])/THE and cortisol/cortisone ratios, respectively. A-ring reductase activity was assessed by ratios of THF/allo-THF, allo-THF/cortisol, THF/cortisol and THE/cortisone. RESULTS After 24-week, urinary cortisol excretion was decreased in the magnesium group as compared with the placebo group (-32 nmol/24-h, 95% CI: -59; -5 nmol/24-h, p = .021). Ratios of THFs/THE and cortisol/cortisone were decreased following magnesium supplementation by 0.09 (95% CI: 0.02; 0.17, p = .018) and 0.10 (95% CI: 0.03; 0.17, p = .005), respectively. No effects were observed on A-ring reductase activity. CONCLUSIONS We observed a beneficial effect of magnesium supplementation towards a lower 24-h urinary cortisol excretion together with an increased activity of 11β-HSD type 2. Our findings may provide another potential mechanism by which increased magnesium intake lowers CVD risk (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02235805).
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Affiliation(s)
- Joëlle C. Schutten
- Department of Internal MedicineDivision of NephrologyUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | - Peter J. Joris
- Department of Nutrition and Movement SciencesNUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in MetabolismMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastrichtthe Netherlands
| | - Isidor Minović
- Department of Laboratory MedicineUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | - Adrian Post
- Department of Internal MedicineDivision of NephrologyUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | - André P. van Beek
- Department of EndocrinologyUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | - Martin H. de Borst
- Department of Internal MedicineDivision of NephrologyUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | - Ronald P. Mensink
- Department of Nutrition and Movement SciencesNUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in MetabolismMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastrichtthe Netherlands
| | - Stephan J. L. Bakker
- Department of Internal MedicineDivision of NephrologyUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
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