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Mohassel P, Yun P, Syeda S, Batra A, Bradley AJ, Donkervoort S, Monges S, Cohen JS, Leung DG, Munell F, Ortez C, Sánchez‐Montáñez A, Karachunski P, Brandsema J, Medne L, Chaudhry V, Tasca G, Foley AR, Udd B, Arai AE, Walter GA, Bönnemann CG. A comprehensive study of skeletal muscle imaging in FHL1-related reducing body myopathy. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2023; 10:1442-1455. [PMID: 37483011 PMCID: PMC10424657 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE FHL1-related reducing body myopathy is an ultra-rare, X-linked dominant myopathy. In this cross-sectional study, we characterize skeletal muscle ultrasound, muscle MRI, and cardiac MRI findings in FHL1-related reducing body myopathy patients. METHODS Seventeen patients (11 male, mean age 35.4, range 12-76 years) from nine independent families with FHL1-related reducing body myopathy underwent clinical evaluation, muscle ultrasound (n = 11/17), and lower extremity muscle MRI (n = 14/17), including Dixon MRI (n = 6/17). Muscle ultrasound echogenicity was graded using a modified Heckmatt scale. T1 and STIR axial images of the lower extremity muscles were evaluated for pattern and distribution of abnormalities. Quantitative analysis of intramuscular fat fraction was performed using the Dixon MRI images. Cardiac studies included electrocardiogram (n = 15/17), echocardiogram (n = 17/17), and cardiac MRI (n = 6/17). Cardiac muscle function, T1 maps, T2-weighted black blood images, and late gadolinium enhancement patterns were analyzed. RESULTS Muscle ultrasound showed a distinct pattern of increased echointensity in skeletal muscles with a nonuniform, multifocal, and "geographical" distribution, selectively involving the deeper fascicles of muscles such as biceps and tibialis anterior. Lower extremity muscle MRI showed relative sparing of gluteus maximus, rectus femoris, gracilis, and lateral gastrocnemius muscles and an asymmetric and multifocal, "geographical" pattern of T1 hyperintensity within affected muscles. Cardiac studies revealed mild and nonspecific abnormalities on electrocardiogram and echocardiogram with unremarkable cardiac MRI studies. INTERPRETATION Skeletal muscle ultrasound and muscle MRI reflect the multifocal aggregate formation in muscle in FHL1-related reducing body myopathy and are practical and informative tools that can aid in diagnosis and monitoring of disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payam Mohassel
- Neurogenetics BranchNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeBethesdaMDUSA
- Present address:
Department of NeurologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Pomi Yun
- Neurogenetics BranchNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Safoora Syeda
- Neurogenetics BranchNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Abhinandan Batra
- Department of Physical TherapyUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA
| | | | - Sandra Donkervoort
- Neurogenetics BranchNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Soledad Monges
- Servicio de NeurologíaHospital de Pediatría J.P. GarrahanBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Julie S. Cohen
- Department of NeurologyKennedy Krieger Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Doris G. Leung
- Department of NeurologyKennedy Krieger Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Francina Munell
- Pediatric NeurologyVall d'Hebron University HospitalBarcelonaSpain
| | - Carlos Ortez
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Neuromuscular UnitHospital Sant Joan de Déu and Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de DéuBarcelonaSpain
| | - Angel Sánchez‐Montáñez
- Pediatric NeuroradiologyHospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron, Autonomous University of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | | | - John Brandsema
- Division of NeurologyChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - Livija Medne
- Division of NeurologyChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - Vinay Chaudhry
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Giorgio Tasca
- Unità Operativa Complessa di NeurologiaFondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCSRomeItaly
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research CentreNewcastle University and Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustsNewcastleUpon TyneUK
| | - A. Reghan Foley
- Neurogenetics BranchNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Bjarne Udd
- Folkhalsan Research Center, Department of Medical GeneticsUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Andrew E. Arai
- Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging LaboratoryNHLBI, NIHBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Glenn A. Walter
- Department of Physiology and Functional GenomicsUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA
| | - Carsten G. Bönnemann
- Neurogenetics BranchNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeBethesdaMDUSA
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Borch JDS, Krag T, Holm-Yildiz SD, Cetin H, Solheim TA, Fornander F, Straub V, Duno M, Vissing J. Three novel FHL1 Variants cause a mild Phenotype of Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy. Hum Mutat 2022; 43:1234-1238. [PMID: 35607917 PMCID: PMC9545859 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD) is a hereditary muscle disease, characterized by the clinical triade of early-onset joint contractures, progressive muscle weakness and cardiac involvement. Pathogenic variants in FHL1 can cause a rare X-linked recessive form of EDMD, type 6. We report three men with novel variants in FHL1 leading to EDMD6. Onset of muscle symptoms was in late adulthood and muscle weakness was not prominent in either of the patients. All patients had hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and one of them also had cardiac arrhythmias. Western blot performed on muscle biopsies from two of the patients showed no FHL1 protein expression. We predict that the variant in the third patient also leads to absence of FHL1 protein. Complete loss of all FHL1 isoforms combined with mild muscle involvement supports the hypothesis that loss of all FHL1 isoforms is more benign than the cytotoxic effects of expressed FHL1 protein with pathogenic missense variants. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefine D S Borch
- Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Krag
- Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sonja D Holm-Yildiz
- Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hakan Cetin
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Tuva A Solheim
- Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Freja Fornander
- Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Volker Straub
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University and Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Morten Duno
- Department of Clinical Genetics, section 4062, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - John Vissing
- Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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Sun L, Chen L, Zhu H, Li Y, Chen CC, Li M. FHL1 promotes glioblastoma aggressiveness through regulating EGFR expression. FEBS Lett 2020; 595:85-98. [PMID: 33053208 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The four-and-a-half LIM domain protein 1 (FHL1) plays a key role in multiple cancers. Here, we characterized its role in glioblastoma (GBM), the most common and incurable form of brain cancer. Overexpression of FHL1 promotes growth, migration, and invasion of GBM cells in vivo and in vitro. In contrast, FHL1 silencing by RNAi exhibits the opposite effects. FHL1 interacts with the transcription factor SP1 to upregulate epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression and activate the downstream signaling cascades, including Src, Akt, Erk1/2, and Stat3, leading to GBM malignancy. FHL1 is highly expressed and positively correlated with EGFR levels in human GBM, particularly those of the classical subtype. Our results suggest that the FHL1-SP1-EGFR axis plays a tumor-promoting role, and highlight the translational potential of inhibiting FHL1 for GBM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Sun
- Central Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Central Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yumo Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Clark C Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ming Li
- Central Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Bonnet M, Soulat J, Bons J, Léger S, De Koning L, Carapito C, Picard B. Quantification of biomarkers for beef meat qualities using a combination of Parallel Reaction Monitoring- and antibody-based proteomics. Food Chem 2020; 317:126376. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Gaertner-Rommel A, Tiesmeier J, Jakob T, Strickmann B, Veit G, Bachmann-Mennenga B, Paluszkiewicz L, Klingel K, Schulz U, Laser KT, Karger B, Pfeiffer H, Milting H. Molecular autopsy and family screening in a young case of sudden cardiac death reveals an unusually severe case of FHL1 related hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 7:e841. [PMID: 31293105 PMCID: PMC6687666 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a genetic cardiomyopathy with a prevalence of about 1:200. It is characterized by left ventricular hypertrophy, diastolic dysfunction and interstitial fibrosis; HCM might lead to sudden cardiac death (SCD) especially in the young. Due to low autopsy frequencies of sudden unexplained deaths (SUD) the true prevalence of SCD and especially of HCM among SUD remains unclear. Even in cases of proven SCD genetic testing is not a routine procedure precluding appropriate risk stratification and counseling of relatives. METHODS Here we report a case of SCD in a 19-year-old investigated by combined forensic and molecular autopsy. RESULTS During autopsy of the index-patient HCM was detected. As no other possible cause of death could be uncovered by forensic autopsy the event was classified as SCD. Molecular autopsy identified two (probably) pathogenic genetic variants in FHL1 and MYBPC3. The MYBPC3 variant had an incomplete penetrance. The FHL1 variant was a de novo mutation. We detected reduced FHL1 mRNA levels and no FHL1 protein in muscle samples suggesting nonsense-mediated mRNA decay and/or degradation of the truncated protein in the SCD victim revealing a plausible disease mechanism. CONCLUSION The identification of the genetic cause of the SCD contributed to the rational counseling of the relatives and risk assessment within the family. Furthermore our study revealed evidences for the pathomechanism of FHL1 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gaertner-Rommel
- Klinikum der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Klinik für Thorax- und Kardiovaskularchirurgie und Erich und Hanna Klessmann-Institut für Kardiovaskuläre Forschung und Entwicklung, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Jens Tiesmeier
- Mühlenkreiskliniken, Krankenhaus Lübbecke-Rahden, Institut für Anästhesiologie, Intensiv- und Notfallmedizin, Medizin Campus OWL, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Thomas Jakob
- Klinikum Herford, Universitätsklinik für Anästhesiologie, Medizin Campus OWL, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Herford, Germany
| | | | - Gunter Veit
- Mühlenkreiskliniken, Krankenhaus Lübbecke-Rahden, Institut für Anästhesiologie, Intensiv- und Notfallmedizin, Medizin Campus OWL, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Bernd Bachmann-Mennenga
- Mühlenkreiskliniken, Johannes Wesling Klinikum, Universitätsinstitut für Anästhesiologie, Intensiv- und Notfallmedizin, Medizin Campus OWL, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Minden, Germany
| | - Lech Paluszkiewicz
- Klinikum der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Klinik für Thorax- und Kardiovaskularchirurgie und Erich und Hanna Klessmann-Institut für Kardiovaskuläre Forschung und Entwicklung, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Karin Klingel
- Kardiopathologie, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Institut für Pathologie und Neuropathologie, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Uwe Schulz
- Klinikum der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Klinik für Thorax- und Kardiovaskularchirurgie und Erich und Hanna Klessmann-Institut für Kardiovaskuläre Forschung und Entwicklung, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Kai T Laser
- Zentrum für angeborene Herzfehler, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Klinikum der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Bernd Karger
- Universitätsklinikum Münster, Institut für Rechtsmedizin, Münster, Germany
| | - Heidi Pfeiffer
- Universitätsklinikum Münster, Institut für Rechtsmedizin, Münster, Germany
| | - Hendrik Milting
- Klinikum der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Klinik für Thorax- und Kardiovaskularchirurgie und Erich und Hanna Klessmann-Institut für Kardiovaskuläre Forschung und Entwicklung, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
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Ding J, Cong YF, Liu B, Miao J, Wang L. Aberrant Protein Turn-Over Associated With Myofibrillar Disorganization in FHL1 Knockout Mice. Front Genet 2018; 9:273. [PMID: 30083183 PMCID: PMC6065255 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the FHL1 gene, and FHL1 protein deletion, are associated with rare hereditary myopathies and cardiomyopathies. FHL1-null mice develop age-dependent myopathy and increased autophagic activity. However, the molecular pathway involved in contractile function and increased autophagic activity in the FHL1-null mouse has not yet been fully elucidated. In this study, FHL1 protein was knocked out in mice using Transcription Activator-like Effector Nucleases (TALENs) and the IRS1-FOXO1/mTOR signaling pathway was investigated in skeletal muscles and heart. TALEN constructs caused targeted mutations in 30% of newborn mice; these mutations caused a deletion of 1–13 base pairs which blocked synthesis of the full-length FHL1 protein. Furthermore, 2.5-month old FHL1-null male mice were not prone to global muscular fatigue when compared with WT littermates, but histological analysis and ultrastructural analysis by transmission electron microscopy confirmed the presence of myofibrillar disorganization and the accumulation of autophagosome or autolysosome-like structures in FHL1-null mice. Moreover, autophagy and mitophagy were both activated in FHL1 KO mice and the degradation of autophagic lysosomes was impeded. Enhanced autophagic activity in FHL1 KO mice was induced by FOXO1 up-regulation and protein synthesis was increased via mTOR. The cytoskeletal proteins, MYBPC2 and LDB3, were involved in the formation of pathological changes in FHL1 KO mice. Markers of early differentiation (MEF2C and MYOD1) and terminal differentiation (total MYH) were both up-regulated in tibialis anterior (TA) muscles in FHL1 KO mice. The number of type I and type II fibers increased in FHL1-null TA muscles, but the number of type| | b, and type | | d fibers were both reduced in FHL1-null TA muscles. The results obtained from the heart were consistent with those from the skeletal muscle and indicated autophagic activation by FOXO1 and an increase in protein synthesis via mTOR also occurred in the heart tissue of FHL1 knockout mice. In conclusion, aberrant protein turn-over associated with myofibrillar disorganization in FHL1 knockout mice. the up-regulation of FOXO1 was associated with enhanced autophagic activity and pathological changes in the muscle fibers of FHL1 KO mice. These results indicated that autophagy activated by FOXO1 is a promising therapeutic target for hereditary myopathies and cardiomyopathies induced by FHL1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Ding
- Medical Research Center of Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan Fei Cong
- Medical Research Center of Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Medical Research Center of Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jianing Miao
- Medical Research Center of Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Medical Research Center of Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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7
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Wang X, Wei X, Yuan Y, Sun Q, Zhan J, Zhang J, Tang Y, Li F, Ding L, Ye Q, Zhang H. Src-mediated phosphorylation converts FHL1 from tumor suppressor to tumor promoter. J Cell Biol 2018; 217:1335-1351. [PMID: 29434030 PMCID: PMC5881501 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201708064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
FHL1 has been recognized for a long time as a tumor suppressor protein that associates with both the actin cytoskeleton and the transcriptional machinery. We present in this study a paradigm that phosphorylated FHL1 functions as an oncogenic protein by promoting tumor cell proliferation. The cytosolic tyrosine kinase Src interacts with and phosphorylates FHL1 at Y149 and Y272, which switches FHL1 from a tumor suppressor to a cell growth accelerator. Phosphorylated FHL1 translocates into the nucleus, where it binds to the transcription factor BCLAF1 and promotes tumor cell growth. Importantly, the phosphorylation of FHL1 is increased in tissues from lung adenocarcinoma patients despite the down-regulation of total FHL1 expression. Kindlin-2 was found to interact with FHL1 and recruit FHL1 to focal adhesions. Kindlin-2 competes with Src for binding to FHL1 and suppresses Src-mediated FHL1 phosphorylation. Collectively, we demonstrate that FHL1 can either suppress or promote tumor cell growth depending on the status of the sites for phosphorylation by Src.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Qingrui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Lihua Ding
- Department of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qinong Ye
- Department of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hongquan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
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