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Gong Y, Zhu W, Zhu M, Chen D, Wu S, Hu S, Luo Y, Jiang Y, Zhu T, Wang D. Identification and functional characteristics of a novel splicing heterozygote variant of COL2A1 associated with Stickler syndrome type I. Front Genet 2024; 15:1308737. [PMID: 39050257 PMCID: PMC11266099 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1308737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Stickler syndrome type I (STL1) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by ocular, auditory, orofacial, and skeletal anomalies. The main causes of STL1 are variants in the COL2A1 gene, which encodes a type II collagen precursor protein. The specific focus of this study was on a newborn from China diagnosed with STL1, with the aim of providing novel insights into the effects of a newly identified intronic variant in the COL2A1 gene on pre-mRNA splicing. Methods Trio whole exome sequencing was used to identify the causative variant in the family. The identified variant was validated using Sanger sequencing. Bioinformatics programs were used to predict the pathogenicity of the candidate variant. Additionally, an in vitro minigene assay was used to investigate the effects of the identified variant on RNA splicing. Results The proband with STL1 had a novel heterozygous splicing variant in the intron nine acceptor donor site of COL2A1 (c.655-2A>G). This splice junction variant resulted in aberrant COL2A1 mRNA splicing, leading to the skipping of exon 10 and the production of a shorter protein that may lack the last 18 native amino acids. Conclusion The c.655-2A>G variant in the COL2A1 gene leads to STL1 through abnormal splicing. By expanding the spectrum of variants in the COL2A1 gene, this finding improves the clinical understanding of STL1 and provides guidance for early diagnosis and disease counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Gong
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weijian Zhu
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mianmian Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dan Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Yongjia People’s Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sunke Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Taizhou Woman and Children’s Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sisi Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Taizhou Woman and Children’s Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yiyi Jiang
- Department of Radiography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ting Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Shang T, Jiang T, Cui X, Pan Y, Feng X, Dong L, Wang H. Diverse functions of SOX9 in liver development and homeostasis and hepatobiliary diseases. Genes Dis 2024; 11:100996. [PMID: 38523677 PMCID: PMC10958229 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The liver is the central organ for digestion and detoxification and has unique metabolic and regenerative capacities. The hepatobiliary system originates from the foregut endoderm, in which cells undergo multiple events of cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation to form the liver parenchyma and ductal system under the hierarchical regulation of transcription factors. Studies on liver development and diseases have revealed that SRY-related high-mobility group box 9 (SOX9) plays an important role in liver embryogenesis and the progression of hepatobiliary diseases. SOX9 is not only a master regulator of cell fate determination and tissue morphogenesis, but also regulates various biological features of cancer, including cancer stemness, invasion, and drug resistance, making SOX9 a potential biomarker for tumor prognosis and progression. This review systematically summarizes the latest findings of SOX9 in hepatobiliary development, homeostasis, and disease. We also highlight the value of SOX9 as a novel biomarker and potential target for the clinical treatment of major liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiyu Shang
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Tianyi Jiang
- National Center for Liver Cancer, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai 201805, China
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xiaowen Cui
- National Center for Liver Cancer, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai 201805, China
| | - Yufei Pan
- National Center for Liver Cancer, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai 201805, China
| | - Xiaofan Feng
- National Center for Liver Cancer, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai 201805, China
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Liwei Dong
- National Center for Liver Cancer, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai 201805, China
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Hongyang Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- National Center for Liver Cancer, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai 201805, China
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Laboratory of Signaling Regulation and Targeting Therapy of Liver Cancer, Second Military Medical University & Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200438, China
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Chen K, Zhu P, Chu M, Tao H, Wang Q, Lv S, Huang L, Geng D. What do osteoporosis and osteoarthritis have in common? An integrated study of overlapping differentially expressed genes in bone mesenchymal stem cells of osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. Gene 2024; 893:147914. [PMID: 37865148 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE For identification of aberrantly expressed genes in mesenchymal stem cells of osteoporosis (OP) and osteoarthritis (OA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets were integrated to investigate the intersection point. METHODS GSE35958 (osteoporosis) and GSE19664 (osteoarthritis) datasets were obtained from GEO database. The abnormally expressed genes were analyzed by GEO2R. Functional enrichment was explored by Metascape database and R software. The String database and Cytoscape software were used to build the protein-protein interaction network and identify hub genes. GSE35957 and GSE116925 were used as verification datasets. Single-cell analysis and pseudotime analysis were undertaken. CTDbase, Network Analyst, HPA database, HERB database and MIRW database were used to research the information, tissue and cell distribution, regulation, interaction and ingredients targeting the hub genes. Additionally, in vitro experiments such as RT-PCR, ALP staining and immunofluorescence were undertaken as verification tests. RESULTS Ten hub genes were identified in this study. All these genes play an important role in bone or cartilage generation. They have diagnostic values and therapeutic potential for OA and OP. Single-cell analysis visualized the cell distribution and pseudotime distribution of these genes. Some potential therapeutic ingredients of these genes were identified, such as curcumin, wogonin and glycerin. In vitro experiments, RT-PCR results showed that COL9A3 and MMP3 were downregulated and PTH1R was upregulated during osteogenic induction of BMSC. Immunohistochemical results showed the expression trend of MMP3 and COL2A1. CONCLUSION Ten abnormal hub genes of osteoporosis and osteoarthritis were identified successfully by this study. They were important regulatory genes for healthy bone and cartilage. These genes could be the common connections between osteoporosis and osteoarthritis as well as treatment targets. Further study of the regulatory mechanism and treatment effects of these genes would be valuable. The results of this study could contribute to further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Hai'an People's Hospital, Zhongba Road 17, Hai'an, Jiangsu 226600, China; Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Pengfei Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Miao Chu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China; Department of Orthopedics, Yixing People's Hospital, Tongzhenguan Road 75, Yixing, Jiangsu 214200, China
| | - Huaqiang Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Qiufei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Changshu First People's Hospital, Shuyuan Road 1, Changshu, Jiangsu 215500, China
| | - Shujun Lv
- Department of Orthopedics, Hai'an People's Hospital, Zhongba Road 17, Hai'an, Jiangsu 226600, China.
| | - Lixin Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China.
| | - Dechun Geng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China.
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Cammarata-Scalisi F, Matysiak U, Willoughby CE, Ruzaike G, Cárdenas Tadich A, Araya Castillo M, Zara-Chirinos C, Bracho A, Avendaño A, Jilani H, Callea M. A Severe Case of Spondylometaphyseal Dysplasia Algerian Type with Two Mutations in COL2A1. J Pediatr Genet 2023; 12:339-341. [PMID: 38162154 PMCID: PMC10756726 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1732474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Spondylometaphyseal dysplasia Algerian type (MIM no.: 184253) is an uncommon autosomal dominant skeletal dysplasia caused by heterozygous mutations in the COL2A1 gene (MIM no.: 120140). In this case based review, we reported a 5-year-old boy with short stature, severe dorsolumbar scoliosis, lumbar hyperlordosis, short trunk, and severe genu valgum . Radiological examination showed platyspondyly, irregular metaphyseal radiolucencies intermingled with radiodensities, and corner fractures. The patient has a c.3275G > A; p.Gly1092Asp mutation in exon 47 of the COL2A1 gene and a variant of unknown significance in c.1366-13C > A in intron 21. This latter sequence variant could partially or completely disrupt the natural splice acceptor site of intron 21/exon 22 in the COL2A1 gene leading to a potential modification of the phenotypic severity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Uta Matysiak
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Colin E. Willoughby
- Genomic Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Gunda Ruzaike
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Carmen Zara-Chirinos
- Institute of Genetic Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Ana Bracho
- Institute of Genetic Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Andrea Avendaño
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Los Andes, Mérida, Venezuela
| | - Houweyda Jilani
- Genetic Department, Mongi Slim Hospital, Marsa, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunisia
| | - Michele Callea
- Division of Dentistry, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Zhao M, Zhang R, Chang C, Jin Y, Xu L, Guo S, Schrodi S, He Y, He D. Case report: Whole exome sequencing and genome-wide methylation profiling of Czech dysplasia in a Chinese pedigree. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1244888. [PMID: 38020103 PMCID: PMC10652562 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1244888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Czech dysplasia is a rare skeletal disorder with symptomatology including platyspondyly, brachydactyly of the third and fourth toes, and early-onset progressive pseudorheumatoid arthritis. The disorder segregates in an autosomal dominant fashion. A specific missense mutation (R275C, c.823C > T) in exon 13 of the COL2A1 gene has been identified in German and Japanese families. Case summary We present the case of a Chinese woman diagnosed with Czech dysplasia (proband) who carried a variant in the COL2A1 gene. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) identified the COL2A1 missense mutation (R275C, c.823C > T) in close relatives of the proband who also exhibited the same disorder. Conclusion This study is a thorough clinical and physiological description of Czech dysplasia in a Chinese patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengfei Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- High Dependency Unit, Shanghai NO.3 Rehabilitation Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Runrun Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cen Chang
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Arthritis Institute of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Yehua Jin
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingxia Xu
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Arthritis Institute of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Shicheng Guo
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Steven Schrodi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Yong He
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongyi He
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Arthritis Institute of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Shanghai, China
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6
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Que Y, Cai M, Yang F, Ji Q, Zhang S, Huang W, Gao Y, Zhou B, Huang H, Cao H, Lin N. Ultrasonographic characteristics, genetic features, and maternal and fetal outcomes in fetuses with omphalocele in China: a single tertiary center study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2023; 23:679. [PMID: 37726736 PMCID: PMC10510157 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-023-05999-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with omphalocele, a midline abdominal wall defect at the umbilical cord base, have a low survival rate. However, the long-term outcomes of fetuses with prenatally diagnosed omphalocele have scarcely been studied. Therefore, we investigated the ultrasonographic features, genetic characteristics, and maternal and fetal outcomes of fetuses with omphalocele and provided a reference for the perinatal management of such cases. METHODS A total of 120 pregnant females with fetal omphalocele were diagnosed using prenatal ultrasonography at the Fujian Provincial Maternity and Child Health Hospital from January 2015 to March 2022. Amniotic fluid or cord blood samples were drawn at different gestational weeks for routine karyotype analysis, chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) detection, and whole exome sequencing (WES). The maternal and fetal outcomes were followed up. RESULTS Among the 120 fetuses, 27 were diagnosed with isolated omphalocele and 93 with nonisolated omphalocele using prenatal ultrasonography. Cardiac anomalies were the most observed cause in 17 fetuses. Routine karyotyping and CMA were performed on 35 patients, and chromosomal abnormalities were observed in five patients, trisomy 18 in three, trisomy 13 in one, and chromosome 8-11 translocation in one patient; all were non-isolated omphalocele cases. Six nonisolated cases had normal CMA results and conventional karyotype tests, and further WES examination revealed one pathogenic variant and two suspected pathogenic variants. Of the 120 fetuses, 112 were successfully followed up. Eighty of the 112 patients requested pregnancy termination. Seven of the cases died in utero. A 72% 1-year survival rate was observed from the successful 25 live births. CONCLUSION The prognosis of fetuses with nonisolated omphalocele varies greatly, and individualized analysis should be performed to determine fetal retention carefully. Routine karyotyping with CMA testing should be provided for fetuses with omphalocele. WES is an option if karyotype and CMA tests are normal. If the fetal karyotype is normal and no associated abnormalities are observed, fetuses with omphalocele could have a high survival rate, and most will have a good prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanting Que
- College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Meiying Cai
- Medical Genetic Diagnosis and Therapy Center, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Key Laboratory for Prenatal Diagnosis and Birth Defects, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qingqiang Ji
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shuqi Zhang
- College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wenhui Huang
- College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yashi Gao
- College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bojing Zhou
- College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hailong Huang
- Medical Genetic Diagnosis and Therapy Center, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Key Laboratory for Prenatal Diagnosis and Birth Defects, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Hua Cao
- Medical Genetic Diagnosis and Therapy Center, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Key Laboratory for Prenatal Diagnosis and Birth Defects, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Na Lin
- Medical Genetic Diagnosis and Therapy Center, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Key Laboratory for Prenatal Diagnosis and Birth Defects, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
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7
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Legare JM, Basel D. What the pediatric endocrinologist needs to know about skeletal dysplasia, a primer. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1229666. [PMID: 37675393 PMCID: PMC10477785 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1229666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Children with skeletal dysplasia are frequently referred to pediatric endocrinologists due to short stature. These children may present with disproportionate growth or medical histories that point to a skeletal dysplasia. This primer will discuss when to be concerned about skeletal dysplasia, the initial steps in evaluation for a skeletal dysplasia, and new therapies that are either recently approved or in development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet M. Legare
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicineand Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Donald Basel
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Collegeof Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
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Jacobson A, Besirli CG, Bohnsack BL. Characteristics of a Three-Generation Family with Stickler Syndrome Type I Carrying Two Different COL2A1 Mutations. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14040847. [PMID: 37107605 PMCID: PMC10138194 DOI: 10.3390/genes14040847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Stickler Syndrome is typically characterized by ophthalmic manifestations including vitreous degeneration and axial lengthening that predispose to retinal detachment. Systemic findings consist of micrognathia, cleft palate, sensorineural hearing loss, and joint abnormalities. COL2A1 mutations are the most common, however, there is a lack of genotype-phenotype correlations. Retrospective, single-center case series of a three-generation family. Clinical features, surgical requirements, systemic manifestations, and genetic evaluations were collected. Eight individuals clinically displayed Stickler Syndrome, seven of whom had genetic confirmation, and two different COL2A1 mutations (c.3641delC and c.3853G>T) were identified. Both mutations affect exon 51, but display distinct phenotypes. The c.3641delC frameshift mutation resulted in high myopia and associated vitreous and retinal findings. Individuals with the c.3853G>T missense mutation exhibited joint abnormalities, but mild ocular manifestations. One individual in the third generation was biallelic heterozygous for both COL2A1 mutations and showed ocular and joint findings in addition to autism and severe developmental delay. These COL2A1 mutations exhibited distinct eye vs. joint manifestations. The molecular basis for these phenotypic differences remains unknown and demonstrates the need for deep phenotyping in patients with Stickler syndrome to correlate COL2A1 gene function and expression with ocular and systemic findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Jacobson
- Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Cagri G. Besirli
- Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Brenda L. Bohnsack
- Division of Ophthalmology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60208, USA
- Correspondence:
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Li S, Zhao Z, Li Q, Li J, Pang Y. Lamprey Wound Healing and Regenerative Effects: The Collaborative Efforts of Diverse Drivers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043213. [PMID: 36834626 PMCID: PMC9965152 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin is a natural barrier between the body and the external environment, and this important multifunctional organ plays roles in body temperature regulation, sensory stimulation, mucus secretion, metabolite excretion and immune defense. Lampreys, as ancient vertebrates, rarely experience infection of damaged skin during farming and efficiently promote skin wound healing. However, the mechanism underlying these wound healing and regenerative effects is unclear. Our histology and transcriptomics results demonstrate that lampreys regenerate a nearly complete skin structure in damaged epidermis, including the secretory glands, and will almost not be infected, even if experiencing full-thickness damage. In addition, ATGL, DGL and MGL participate in the lipolysis process to provide space for infiltrating cells. A large number of red blood cells migrate to the site of injury and exert proinflammatory effects, upregulating the expression of proinflammatory factors such as IL-8 and IL-17. Based on a lamprey skin damage healing model, adipocytes and red blood cells in the subcutaneous fat layer can promote wound healing, which provides a new approach for the study of skin healing mechanisms. Transcriptome data reveal that mechanical signal transduction pathways are mainly regulated by focal adhesion kinase and that the actin cytoskeleton plays an important role in the healing of lamprey skin injuries. We identified RAC1 as a key regulatory gene that is necessary and partially sufficient for wound regeneration. Insights into the mechanisms of lamprey skin injury and healing will provide a theoretical basis for overcoming the challenges associated with chronic healing and scar healing in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shushen Li
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
- Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
- Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Qingwei Li
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
- Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Jun Li
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
- Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (Y.P.)
| | - Yue Pang
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
- Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (Y.P.)
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Azam FK, Sohrabi B, Rahimi H, Ganji M. Trio whole-exome sequencing reveals a novel de novo mutation in COL2A1 gene in an Iranian patient with hypochondroplasia. GENE REPORTS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2023.101754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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Huang Y, Liu C, Ding H, Wang Y, Yu L, Guo F, Li F, Shi X, Zhang Y, Yin A. Exome sequencing in fetuses with short long bones detected by ultrasonography: A retrospective cohort study. Front Genet 2023; 14:1032346. [PMID: 36923788 PMCID: PMC10010437 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1032346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Prenatal diagnosis of fetal short long bones (SLBs) was reported to be associated with skeletal dysplasias, chromosomal abnormalities, and genetic syndromes. This study aims to identify the genetic causes for fetal short long bones, and retrospectively evaluate the additional diagnostic yield of exome sequencing (ES) for short long bones following the use of conventional genetic testing. Methods: A cohort of ninety-four fetuses with sonographically identified short long bones was analyzed by trio-exome sequencing between January 2016 and June 2021. Fetuses with abnormal results of karyotype or chromosomal microarray analysis were excluded. Variants were interpreted based on ACMG/AMP guidelines. All diagnostic de novo variants were validated by Sanger sequencing. Results: Of the 94 fetuses, 38 (40.4%) were found to carry causal genetic variants (pathogenic or likely pathogenic) in sixteen genes with 38 variants. Five fetuses (5.3%) had variant(s) of uncertain significance. Thirty-five cases (37.2%) were diagnosed as genetic skeletal dysplasias including 14 different diseases that were classified into 10 groups according to the Nosology and Classification of Genetic Skeletal Disorders. The most common disease in the cohort was achondroplasia (28.9%), followed by osteogenesis imperfecta (18.4%), thanatophoric dysplasia (10.5%), chondrogenesis (7.9%), and 3-M syndrome (5.3%). The diagnostic yield in fetuses with isolated short long bones was lower than the fetuses with non-isolated short long bones, but not reached statistical significance (27.3% vs. 44.4%; p = 0.151). Whereas, the rate in the fetuses with other skeletal abnormalities was significantly higher than those with non-skeletal abnormalities (59.4% vs. 32.5%, p = 0.023), and the diagnostic rate was significantly higher in femur length (FL) below -4SDs group compared with FL 2-4SDs below GA group (72.5% vs. 16.7%; p < 0.001). A long-term follow-up showed that outcomes for fetuses with FL 2-4SDs below GA were significantly better than those with FL below -4SDs. Additionally, fourteen (36.8%) novel short long bones-related variants were identified in the present study. Conclusion: The findings suggest that in fetuses with short long bones routine genetic tests failed to determine the underlying causes, exome sequencing could add clinically relevant information that could assist the clinical management of pregnancies. Novel pathogenic variants identified may broaden the mutation spectrum for the disorders and contributes to clinical consultation and subsequent pregnancy examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Huang
- Medical Genetic Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Medical Genetic Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongke Ding
- Medical Genetic Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yunan Wang
- Medical Genetic Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lihua Yu
- Medical Genetic Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fangfang Guo
- Medical Genetic Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fake Li
- Medical Genetic Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaomei Shi
- Medical Genetic Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Medical Genetic Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Aihua Yin
- Medical Genetic Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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12
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Molecular Characterization of a Rare Case of Monozygotic Dichorionic Diamniotic Twin Pregnancy after Single Blastocyst Transfer in Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810835. [PMID: 36142745 PMCID: PMC9504855 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) is widely used to select unaffected embryos, increasing the odds of having a healthy baby. During the last few decades, it was accepted that monozygotic dichorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies occurred from the embryo splitting before Day 3 postfertilization according to Corner’s dogma. Hence, the occurrence of a dichorionic diamniotic twin pregnancy after a single blastocyst transfer was considered a dizygotic pregnancy resulting from blastocyst transfer and concurrent natural fertilization. In our study, we have provided for the first time molecular proof that a single blastocyst transfer can result in a monozygotic dichorionic diamniotic twin pregnancy, invalidating Corner’s dogma. In this case, we recommend systematically assessing the genetic status of dichorionic twins after single blastocyst transfer using prenatal diagnosis to exclude the risk from a potential concurrent spontaneous pregnancy and to ensure that both fetuses are unaffected. To achieve this goal, we have developed here an innovative noninvasive prenatal diagnosis by exclusion of paternal variants with droplet digital PCR, maximizing the reliability of genetic diagnosis. Further multicentric prospective studies using genetic testing are now required to establish the rate of blastocyst splitting leading to dichorionic pregnancy in PGT and to identify the risk factors.
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13
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Christopoulos P, Eleftheriades A, Paltoglou G, Paschalidou E, Kalampokas E, Florentin L, Billi C, Eleftheriades M. Familial Aggregation of a Novel Missense Variant of COL2A1 Gene Associated with Short Extremities: Case Report and Review of the Literature. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9081229. [PMID: 36010119 PMCID: PMC9406900 DOI: 10.3390/children9081229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We present two cases of family members (first cousins) with short extremities caused by a novel variant of COL2A1 gene (NM_001844.5). Case 1 description: A 29-year-old woman presented in her first pregnancy for a second trimester anomaly scan at 23 weeks of gestation. Fetal long bones were measured below the third centile for gestational age. Follow-up scans revealed fetal long bone growth deceleration. Initial genetic work-up was negative and the rest of the maternal follow-up was unremarkable. A male baby weighing 3180 g was delivered at 39 weeks and 4 days of gestation. Case 2 description: A 33-year-old pregnant woman presented for a routine second trimester anomaly scan at 20 weeks and 4 days of gestation. All fetal measurements were appropriate for the gestational age. The routine growth scan performed at 32 weeks showed fetal long bone measurements below the third centile for gestational age, while the follow-up growth scan at 36 weeks and 4 days of gestation revealed consistent, below the third centile, fetal long bone growth. Given that the fetuses of these two cases were related (first cousins), whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed on Case 2. WES revealed a novel heterozygous missense variant c.1132G>A (p. Gly378Ser) of COL2A1 gene (NM_001844.5). Subsequently, targeted genetic sequencing for the variant was performed on Case 1 and the same novel variant was found. Targeted sequencing revealed the same variant in the mother of Case 1 and the father of Case 2 (siblings). A female baby weighing 3200 g was delivered at 40 weeks and 4 days of gestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Christopoulos
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, ‘Aretaieio’ Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Anna Eleftheriades
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, ‘Aretaieio’ Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
- Postgraduate Programme “Maternal Fetal Medicine”, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence:
| | - George Paltoglou
- First Department of Pediatrics, ‘Aghia Sophia’ Children’s Hospital, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Paschalidou
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, ‘Aretaieio’ Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Emmanouil Kalampokas
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, ‘Aretaieio’ Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Makarios Eleftheriades
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, ‘Aretaieio’ Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
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14
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Fan L, Ji L, Xu Y, Shen G, Tang K, Li Z, Ye S, Shen X. A Novel Mutation c.3392G>T of COL2A1 Causes Spondyloepiphyseal Dysplasia Congenital by Affecting Pre-mRNA Splicing. Front Genet 2022; 13:827560. [PMID: 35692839 PMCID: PMC9174977 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.827560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenital (SEDC) is a rare chondrodysplasia caused by dominant pathogenic variants in COL2A1. Here, we detected a novel variant c.3392G > T (NM_001844.4) of COL2A1 in a Chinese family with SEDC by targeted next-generation sequencing. To confirm the pathogenicity of the variant, we generated an appropriate minigene construct based on HeLa and HEK293T cell lines. Splicing assay indicated that the mutated minigene led to aberrant splicing of COL2A1 pre-mRNA and produced an alternatively spliced transcript with a skipping of partial exon 48, which generated a predicted in-frame deletion of 15 amino acids (p. Gly1131_Pro1145del) in the COL2A1 protein. Due to the pathogenicity of the variation, we performed prenatal diagnosis on the proband’s wife, which indicated that the fetus carried the same mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Fan
- Center of Prenatal Diagnosis, Huzhou Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital, Huzhou, China
| | - Longfei Ji
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou, China
| | - Yuqing Xu
- Department of Reproductive Genetics, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guosong Shen
- Center of Prenatal Diagnosis, Huzhou Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital, Huzhou, China
| | - Kefeng Tang
- Center of Prenatal Diagnosis, Huzhou Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital, Huzhou, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Center of Prenatal Diagnosis, Huzhou Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital, Huzhou, China
| | - Sisi Ye
- Center of Prenatal Diagnosis, Huzhou Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital, Huzhou, China
| | - Xueping Shen
- Center of Prenatal Diagnosis, Huzhou Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital, Huzhou, China
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15
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Yang X, Tian S, Fan L, Niu R, Yan M, Chen S, Zheng M, Zhang S. Integrated regulation of chondrogenic differentiation in mesenchymal stem cells and differentiation of cancer cells. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:169. [PMID: 35488254 PMCID: PMC9052535 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02598-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chondrogenesis is the formation of chondrocytes and cartilage tissues and starts with mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) recruitment and migration, condensation of progenitors, chondrocyte differentiation, and maturation. The chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs depends on co-regulation of many exogenous and endogenous factors including specific microenvironmental signals, non-coding RNAs, physical factors existed in culture condition, etc. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) exhibit self-renewal capacity, pluripotency and cellular plasticity, which have the potential to differentiate into post-mitotic and benign cells. Accumulating evidence has shown that CSCs can be induced to differentiate into various benign cells including adipocytes, fibrocytes, osteoblast, and so on. Retinoic acid has been widely used in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia. Previous study confirmed that polyploid giant cancer cells, a type of cancer stem-like cells, could differentiate into adipocytes, osteocytes, and chondrocytes. In this review, we will summarize signaling pathways and cytokines in chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs. Understanding the molecular mechanism of chondrogenic differentiation of CSCs and cancer cells may provide new strategies for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Yang
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Shifeng Tian
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Linlin Fan
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Niu
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Man Yan
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Minying Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiwu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Expanding the clinical spectrum of COL2A1 related disorders by a mass like phenotype. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4489. [PMID: 35296718 PMCID: PMC8927422 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08476-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
MASS phenotype is a connective tissue disorder clinically overlapping with Marfan syndrome and caused by pathogenic variants in FBN1. We report four patients from three families presenting with a MASS-like phenotype consisting of tall stature, arachnodactyly, spinal deformations, dural ectasia, pectus and/or feet deformations, osteoarthritis, and/or high arched palate. Gene panel sequencing was negative for FBN1 variants. However, it revealed likely pathogenic missense variants in three individuals [c.3936G > T p.(Lys1312Asn), c.193G > A p.(Asp65Asn)] and a missense variant of unknown significance in the fourth patient [c.4013G > A p.(Ser1338Asn)] in propeptide coding regions of COL2A1. Pathogenic COL2A1 variants are associated with type II collagenopathies comprising a remarkable clinical variablility. Main features include skeletal dysplasia, ocular anomalies, and auditory defects. A MASS-like phenotype has not been associated with COL2A1 variants before. Thus, the identification of likely pathogenic COL2A1 variants in our patients expands the phenotypic spectrum of type II collagenopathies and suggests that a MASS-like phenotype can be assigned to various hereditary disorders of connective tissue. We compare the phenotypes of our patients with related disorders of connective tissue and discuss possible pathomechanisms and genotype–phenotype correlations for the identified COL2A1 variants. Our data recommend COL2A1 sequencing in FBN1-negative patients suggestive for MASS/Marfan-like phenotype (without aortopathy).
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17
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Clinical and Genetic Characteristics of COL2A1-Associated Skeletal Dysplasias in 60 Russian Patients: Part I. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13010137. [PMID: 35052477 PMCID: PMC8775336 DOI: 10.3390/genes13010137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The significant variability in the clinical manifestations of COL2A1-associated skeletal dysplasias makes it necessary to conduct a clinical and genetic analysis of individual nosological variants, which will contribute to improving our understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms and prognosis. We presented the clinical and genetic characteristics of 60 Russian pediatric patients with type II collagenopathies caused by previously described and newly identified variants in the COL2A1 gene. Diagnosis confirmation was carried out by new generation sequencing of the target panel with subsequent validation of the identified variants using automated Sanger sequencing. It has been shown that clinical forms of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasias predominate in childhood, both with more severe clinical manifestations (58%) and with unusual phenotypes of mild forms with normal growth (25%). However, Stickler syndrome, type I was less common (17%). In the COL2A1 gene, 28 novel variants were identified, and a total of 63% of the variants were found in the triple helix region resulted in glycine substitution in Gly-XY repeats, which were identified in patients with clinical manifestations of congenital spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia with varying severity, and were not found in Stickler syndrome, type I and Kniest dysplasia. In the C-propeptide region, five novel variants leading to the development of unusual phenotypes of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia have been identified.
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18
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Chen M, Miao H, Liang H, Ke X, Yang H, Gong F, Wang L, Duan L, Chen S, Pan H, Zhu H. Clinical Characteristics of Short-Stature Patients With Collagen Gene Mutation and the Therapeutic Response to rhGH. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:820001. [PMID: 35250876 PMCID: PMC8889571 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.820001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Clinical genetic evaluation has been demonstrated as an important tool to elucidate the causes of growth disorders. Genetic defects of collagen formation (the collagenopathies) have been reported to be associated with short stature and skeletal dysplasias. Etiological diagnosis of skeletal abnormality-related short stature is challenging, and less is known about recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) therapy. OBJECTIVE This is a single-center cohort study which aims at exploring the genetic architecture of short-stature children with skeletal abnormalities and evaluating the frequency of collagenopathies to determine their phenotype, including the rhGH treatment response. PATIENTS AND METHODS One hundred and six children with short stature and skeletal abnormalities were enrolled who were evaluated by next-generation sequencing (NGS) to detect variants in the skeletal collagen genes including COL1A1, COL1A2, COL2A1, COL9A1, COL9A2, COL9A3, COL10A1, COL11A1, and COL11A2. The results were evaluated using American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) guidelines. Clinical characteristics and rhGH treatment response were summarized. RESULTS Twenty-four pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants of collagen genes were found in 26 of 106 (24.5%) short-stature patients with skeletal abnormalities, of which COL2A1 mutations were the most common, accounting for about 57.7%. Other frequent mutations associated with skeletal development include FGFR3, ACAN, NPR2, COMP, and FBN1 in 12.2%, 0.9%, 0.8%, 0.4%, and 0.4%, respectively, resulting in significantly different degrees of short stature. An overview of clinical features of collagenopathies showed growth retardation, skeletal abnormalities, and heterogeneous syndromic abnormalities involving facial, eye, hearing, and cardiac abnormalities. The average height of 9 patients who received rhGH treatment improved from a median of -3.2 ± 0.9 SDS to -2.2 ± 1.3 SDS after 2.8 ± 2.1 years. The most significant height improvement of 2.3 SDS and 1.7 SDS was also seen in two patients who had been treated for more than 6 years. CONCLUSIONS A proband-based NGS revealed that distinct genetic architecture underlies short stature in varying degrees and clinical features. Skeletal abnormality-related short stature involving multiple systems should be tested for skeletal collagen gene mutation. Limited rhGH treatment data indicate an improved growth rate and height, and close monitoring of adverse reactions such as scoliosis is required.
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Harmon D, Feist C, Edwards EA, Sohaey R, Dukhovny S. Prenatal Diagnosis of a Lethal Skeletal Dysplasia. Neoreviews 2021; 22:e859-e865. [PMID: 34850149 DOI: 10.1542/neo.22-12-e859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Emily A Edwards
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Roya Sohaey
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
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20
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Zhang T, Sun X, Li M, Huang H. De novo mutation in COL2A1 leads to lethal foetal skeletal dysplasia. Bone 2021; 153:116169. [PMID: 34492360 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.116169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Skeletal dysplasia caused by genetic mutations places a heavy burden on families and society. This study was performed to precise diagnosis of variants of unknown significance and to expand the genotypic spectrum of lethal skeletal dysplasia. METHODS According to the ultrasonic phenotype of the proband and whole-exome sequencing results, variation sites or genes that may be related to the disease were screened out. We verified the accuracy of the variation site through Sanger sequencing. Using bioinformatics, zebrafish models, and assisted reproduction technology (ART) combined with preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic diseases, the disease-causing mutation was verified. RESULTS A missense mutation (c.3944G>A, p.Cys1315Tyr) was found in the coding region of COL2A1. Although the mutation is a variant of unknown significance, it is highly conserved and was predicted to be harmful by the SIFT and PolyPhen-2 software. In contrast to the control group, col2a1a mutation-expressing zebrafish larvae showed significant spinal curvature. Through preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic diseases excluding the missense mutation, a child conceived by ART was birthed with normal bone development. CONCLUSION We identified a de novo mutation in human COL2A1 related to lethal skeletal dysplasia and expanded the mutation spectrum of type II collagenopathies. In addition, we provided a new strategy based on a zebrafish model and ART for patients who harbour variants of unknown significance to have a healthy baby without genetic disease similar to the proband.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing GaoChun People's Hospital, Nanjing 211300, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xueping Sun
- Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mei Li
- Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Huan Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China; Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China.
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21
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Peng Y, Yang S, Huang X, Pang J, Liu J, Hu J, Shen X, Tang C, Wang H. Whole Exome Sequencing Analysis in Fetal Skeletal Dysplasia Detected by Ultrasonography: An Analysis of 38 Cases. Front Genet 2021; 12:728544. [PMID: 34567078 PMCID: PMC8461062 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.728544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Skeletal dysplasias (SDs) are a heterogeneous group of genetic disorders that primarily affect bone and cartilage. This study aims to identify the genetic causes for fetal SDs, and evaluates the diagnostic yield of prenatal whole-exome sequencing (WES) for this disorder. Methods: WES was performed on 38 fetuses with sonographically identified SDs and normal results of karyotype and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis. Candidate variants were selected by bioinformatics analysis, and verified by Sanger sequencing. Results: WES revealed pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants associated with SDs in 65.79% (25/38) of fetuses, variants of uncertain significance (VUS) in SDs-related genes in 10.53% (4/38) cases, and incidental findings in 31.58% (12/38) fetuses. The SDs-associated variants identified in the present study affected 10 genes, and 35.71% (10/28) of the variants were novel. Conclusion: WES has a high diagnostic rate for prenatal SDs, which improves pregnancy management, prenatal counseling and recurrence risk assessment for future pregnancies. The newly identified variants expanded mutation spectrum of this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Peng
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Research, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Shuting Yang
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Research, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoliang Huang
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Research, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Jialun Pang
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Research, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Research, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Jiancheng Hu
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Research, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, China
| | | | - Chengyuan Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Research, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, China
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22
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Bruni V, Spoleti CB, La Barbera A, Dattilo V, Colao E, Votino C, Bellacchio E, Perrotti N, Giglio S, Iuliano R. A Novel Splicing Variant of COL2A1 in a Fetus with Achondrogenesis Type II: Interpretation of Pathogenicity of In-Frame Deletions. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12091395. [PMID: 34573377 PMCID: PMC8467821 DOI: 10.3390/genes12091395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Achondrogenesis type II (ACG2) is a lethal skeletal dysplasia caused by dominant pathogenic variants in COL2A1. Most of the variants found in patients with ACG2 affect the glycine residue included in the Gly-X-Y tripeptide repeat that characterizes the type II collagen helix. In this study, we reported a case of a novel splicing variant of COL2A1 in a fetus with ACG2. An NGS analysis of fetal DNA revealed a heterozygous variant c.1267-2_1269del located in intron 20/exon 21. The variant occurred de novo since it was not detected in DNA from the blood samples of parents. We generated an appropriate minigene construct to study the effect of the variant detected. The minigene expression resulted in the synthesis of a COL2A1 messenger RNA lacking exon 21, which generated a predicted in-frame deleted protein. Usually, in-frame deletion variants of COL2A1 cause a phenotype such as Kniest dysplasia, which is milder than ACG2. Therefore, we propose that the size and position of an in-frame deletion in COL2A1 may be relevant in determining the phenotype of skeletal dysplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Bruni
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (V.B.); (C.B.S.); (V.D.); (E.C.); (N.P.)
| | - Cristina Barbara Spoleti
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (V.B.); (C.B.S.); (V.D.); (E.C.); (N.P.)
| | - Andrea La Barbera
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Dattilo
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (V.B.); (C.B.S.); (V.D.); (E.C.); (N.P.)
| | - Emma Colao
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (V.B.); (C.B.S.); (V.D.); (E.C.); (N.P.)
| | | | - Emanuele Bellacchio
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy;
| | - Nicola Perrotti
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (V.B.); (C.B.S.); (V.D.); (E.C.); (N.P.)
| | - Sabrina Giglio
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Rodolfo Iuliano
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (V.B.); (C.B.S.); (V.D.); (E.C.); (N.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0961-3695182
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23
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Zhang Q, Yao R, Li Q, Li X, Feng B, Chang G, Wang J, Wang X. A novel homozygous variant of COL2A1 in a Chinese male with type II collagenopathy: a case report. BMC Med Genomics 2021; 14:201. [PMID: 34380476 PMCID: PMC8359039 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-021-01048-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type II collagenopathies are a spectrum of diseases and skeletal dysplasia is one of the prominent features of collagenopathies. Molecular defects of the COL2A1 gene cause type II collagenopathies that is mainly an autosomal dominant disease, whereas some rare cases with autosomal recessive inheritance of mode have also been identified. CASE PRESENTATION The patient was a 5-year-old male with a short neck, flat face, epiphyseal dysplasia, irregular vertebral endplates, and osteochondritis. Sequencing result indicated NM_001844.4: c.3662C > T; p. (Ser1221Phe) a novel missense variant, leading to a serine-to-phenylalanine substitution. Sanger sequencing confirmed the variant compared to his parents and brother. CONCLUSIONS We identified a novel homozygous variant of the COL2A1 gene as the cause of type II collagenopathies in a Chinese male, enriching the spectrum of genotypes. This is the first case of type II collagenopathies inherited in an autosomal recessive manner in China and East Asia, and it is the first case that resulted from serine substitution in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianwen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Center for Brain Science Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruen Yao
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qun Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Biyun Feng
- Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoying Chang
- Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiumin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
- Center for Brain Science Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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24
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Zhang Z, Zhu K, Dai H, Wang Q, Zhang C, Zhang Z. A novel mutation of COL2A1 in a large Chinese family with avascular necrosis of the femoral head. BMC Med Genomics 2021; 14:147. [PMID: 34088323 PMCID: PMC8178877 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-021-00995-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFH) is a debilitating bone disease, characterized by collapse of the femoral head and subsequent loss of hip joint function. Heterozygous mutations in COL2A1 have been identified to cause familial ANFH. Here we report on a large Chinese family with ANFH and a novel heterozygous mutation (c.3517 G > A, p.Gly1173Ser) in exon 50 of COL2A1 in the Gly-X-Y domain. Previously, only five different COL2A1 mutations have been described in patients with familial ANFH. Therefore, our findings provide significant clues to the phenotype-genotype relationships in familial ANFH and may be helpful in clinical diagnosis. Furthermore, these results should assist further studies of the mechanisms underlying collagen diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated the Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi-Shan Rd., Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Kechao Zhu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated the Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi-Shan Rd., Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiyong Dai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated the Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi-Shan Rd., Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated the Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi-Shan Rd., Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China.
| | - Changqing Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated the Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi-Shan Rd., Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenlin Zhang
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Bone Disease, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated the Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi-Shan Rd., Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
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25
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Zhang B, Wang C, Zhang Y, Jiang Y, Qin Y, Pang D, Zhang G, Liu H, Xie Z, Yuan H, Ouyang H, Wang J, Tang X. A CRISPR-engineered swine model of COL2A1 deficiency recapitulates altered early skeletal developmental defects in humans. Bone 2020; 137:115450. [PMID: 32450343 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Loss-of-function mutations in the COL2A1 gene were previously described as a cause of type II collagenopathy (e.g., spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, Stickler syndrome type I), a major subgroup of genetic skeletal diseases. However, the pathogenic mechanisms associated with COL2A1 mutations remain unclear, and there are few large-mammal models of these diseases. In this study, we established a swine model carrying COL2A1 mutations using CRISPR/Cas9 and somatic cell nuclear transfer technologies. Animals mutant for COL2A1 exhibited severe skeletal dysplasia characterized by shortened long bones, abnormal vertebrae, depressed nasal bridge, and cleft palate. Importantly, COL2A1 mutant piglets suffered tracheal collapse, which was almost certainly the cause of their death shortly after birth. In conclusion, we have demonstrated for the first time that overt and striking skeletal dysplasia occurring in human patients can be recapitulated in large transgenic mammals. This model underscores the importance of employing large animals as models to investigate the pathogenesis and potential therapeutics of skeletal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyan Zhang
- Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 130041 Changchun, China
| | - Chenyu Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, 130021 Changchun, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, 130021 Changchun, China
| | - Yuan Jiang
- Key Lab for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, 130062 Changchun, China
| | - Yanguo Qin
- Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 130041 Changchun, China.
| | - Daxin Pang
- Key Lab for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, 130062 Changchun, China.
| | - Guizhen Zhang
- Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 130041 Changchun, China; Research Centre of the Second Hospital of Jilin University, 130041 Changchun, China.
| | - He Liu
- Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 130041 Changchun, China.
| | - Zicong Xie
- Key Lab for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, 130062 Changchun, China.
| | - Hongming Yuan
- Key Lab for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, 130062 Changchun, China
| | - Hongsheng Ouyang
- Key Lab for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, 130062 Changchun, China.
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 130041 Changchun, China.
| | - Xiaochun Tang
- Key Lab for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, 130062 Changchun, China.
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