1
|
Ganga AK, Sweeney LK, Ramos AR, Bishop CS, Hamel V, Guichard P, Breslow DK. A disease-associated PPP2R3C-MAP3K1 phospho-regulatory module controls centrosome function. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.02.587836. [PMID: 38617270 PMCID: PMC11014585 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.02.587836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Centrosomes have critical roles in microtubule organization and in cell signaling.1-8 However, the mechanisms that regulate centrosome function are not fully defined, and thus how defects in centrosomal regulation contribute to disease is incompletely understood. From functional genomic analyses, we find here that PPP2R3C, a PP2A phosphatase subunit, is a distal centriole protein and functional partner of centriolar proteins CEP350 and FOP. We further show that a key function of PPP2R3C is to counteract the kinase activity of MAP3K1. In support of this model, MAP3K1 knockout suppresses growth defects caused by PPP2R3C inactivation, and MAP3K1 and PPP2R3C have opposing effects on basal and microtubule stress-induced JNK signaling. Illustrating the importance of balanced MAP3K1 and PPP2R3C activities, acute overexpression of MAP3K1 severely inhibits centrosome function and triggers rapid centriole disintegration. Additionally, inactivating PPP2R3C mutations and activating MAP3K1 mutations both cause congenital syndromes characterized by gonadal dysgenesis.9-15 As a syndromic PPP2R3C variant is defective in centriolar localization and binding to centriolar protein FOP, we propose that imbalanced activity of this centrosomal kinase-phosphatase pair is the shared cause of these disorders. Thus, our findings reveal a new centrosomal phospho-regulatory module, shed light on disorders of gonadal development, and illustrate the power of systems genetics to identify previously unrecognized gene functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar Ganga
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lauren K. Sweeney
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Armando Rubio Ramos
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Geneva, Faculty of Sciences, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Cassandra S. Bishop
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Virginie Hamel
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Geneva, Faculty of Sciences, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Paul Guichard
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Geneva, Faculty of Sciences, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - David K. Breslow
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Severa G, Pennisi A, Barnerias C, Fiorillo C, Scala M, Taglietti V, Cojocaru AI, Jouni D, Tosca L, Tachdjian G, Desguerre I, Authier FJ, Carlier RY, Metay C, Verebi C, Malfatti E. An early onset benign myopathy with glycogen storage caused by a de novo 1.4 Mb-deletion of chromosome 14. Neuromuscul Disord 2023; 33:817-821. [PMID: 37743183 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2023.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Early onset myopathies are a clinically and histologically heterogeneous monogenic diseases linked to approximately 90 genes. Molecular diagnosis is challenging, especially in patients with a mild phenotype. We describe a 26-year-old man with neonatal hypotonia, motor delay and seizures during infancy, and non-progressive, mild muscular weakness in adulthood. Serum Creatine kinase level was normal. Whole-body muscle MRI showed thin muscles, and brain MRI was unremarkable. A deltoid muscle biopsy showed glycogen storage. WGS revealed a de novo 1.4 Mb-deletion of chromosome 14, confirmed by Array-CGH. This microdeletion causes the loss of ten genes including RALGAPA1, encoding for RalA, a regulator of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) expression at the membrane of myofibers. GLUT4 was overexpressed in patient's muscle. Here we highlight the importance to search for chromosomal alterations in the diagnostic workup of early onset myopathies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gianmarco Severa
- Université Paris Est, U955, IMRB, INSERM, APHP, Centre de Référence de Pathologie Neuromusculaire Nord-Est-Ile-de-France, Filnemus, Henri Mondor Hospital, France; Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, Neurology‑Neurophysiology Unit, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci 1, 5310 Siena, Italy
| | | | - Christine Barnerias
- Reference Center for Neuromuscular Disorders, Filnemus, EuroNMD, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP) Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Chiara Fiorillo
- Neurologia Pediatrica e Malattie Muscolari, Istituto G.Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marcello Scala
- Neurologia Pediatrica e Malattie Muscolari, Istituto G.Gaslini, Genoa, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Università Degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | | | | | - Dima Jouni
- AP-HP. Université Paris Saclay, Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Service d'Histologie, Embryologie et Cytogénétique, 92140 Clamart, France
| | - Lucie Tosca
- AP-HP. Université Paris Saclay, Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Service d'Histologie, Embryologie et Cytogénétique, 92140 Clamart, France
| | - Gérard Tachdjian
- AP-HP. Université Paris Saclay, Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Service d'Histologie, Embryologie et Cytogénétique, 92140 Clamart, France
| | - Isabelle Desguerre
- Reference Center for Neuromuscular Disorders, Filnemus, EuroNMD, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP) Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France
| | - François-Jérome Authier
- Université Paris Est, U955, IMRB, INSERM, APHP, Centre de Référence de Pathologie Neuromusculaire Nord-Est-Ile-de-France, Filnemus, Henri Mondor Hospital, France
| | - Robert-Yves Carlier
- AP-HP, GHU Paris Saclay, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, DMU Smart Imaging, UMR1179 INSERM Garches France
| | - Corinne Metay
- Unité Fonctionnelle de Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique moléculaire et cellulaire. Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique et INSERM UMRS 974, Institut de Myologie. Groupe Hospitalier La Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, Paris, INSERM UMRS1166, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Camille Verebi
- Service de Médecine Génomique, Maladies de Système et d'Organe - Fédération de Génétique et de Médecine Génomique, DMU BioPhyGen, APHP Centre-Université Paris Cité - Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Edoardo Malfatti
- Université Paris Est, U955, IMRB, INSERM, APHP, Centre de Référence de Pathologie Neuromusculaire Nord-Est-Ile-de-France, Filnemus, Henri Mondor Hospital, France.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Reyes AP, León NY, Frost ER, Harley VR. Genetic control of typical and atypical sex development. Nat Rev Urol 2023:10.1038/s41585-023-00754-x. [PMID: 37020056 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-023-00754-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Sex development relies on the sex-specific action of gene networks to differentiate the bipotential gonads of the growing fetus into testis or ovaries, followed by the differentiation of internal and external genitalia depending on the presence or absence of hormones. Differences in sex development (DSD) arise from congenital alterations during any of these processes, and are classified depending on sex chromosomal constitution as sex chromosome DSD, 46,XY DSD or 46,XX DSD. Understanding the genetics and embryology of typical and atypical sex development is essential for diagnosing, treating and managing DSD. Advances have been made in understanding the genetic causes of DSD over the past 10 years, especially for 46,XY DSD. Additional information is required to better understand ovarian and female development and to identify further genetic causes of 46,XX DSD, besides congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Ongoing research is focused on the discovery of further genes related to typical and atypical sex development and, therefore, on improving diagnosis of DSD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra P Reyes
- Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Genetics Department, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Nayla Y León
- Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Emily R Frost
- Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vincent R Harley
- Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang W, Mao J, Wang X, Sun B, Zhao Z, Zhang X, Nie M, Wu X. Case Report: Novel Compound Heterozygotic Variants in PPP2R3C Gene Causing Syndromic 46, XY Gonadal Dysgenesis and Literature Review. Front Genet 2022; 13:871328. [PMID: 35812758 PMCID: PMC9259967 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.871328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Patients with syndromic 46, XY disorders/differences of sex development (DSD) are characterized by gonadal and phenotypic genders inconsistent with their chromosomal sexes as well as abnormalities of multiple extragonadal organs. They are caused by mutations in specific genes, which are expressed in the affected organs and regulate their development, and over fourteen genes have been identified. In this study, we aimed to determine the underlying cause of a patient with syndromic 46, XY DSD and review the clinical presentations and genetic findings of all reported similar cases. Methods: Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed to find a molecular cause of the patient. In silico tools were used to analyze the pathogenicity of the variants. Reports of cases with similar clinical features and involved genes were summarized by searching through PubMed/MEDLINE using keywords “PPP2R3C” or “G5PR” and “46,XY disorders of sex development”. Results: Compound heterozygous variants (p.F229del/p.G417E) in PPP2R3C were identified in the 24-year-old female by WES and verified by Sanger sequencing. The patient presents complete testicular dysgenesis, low birth weight, facial deformity, cubitus valgus, and decreasing number of CD19+ B lymphocytes and CD4+ T lymphocytes. A total of thirteen 46, XY DSD cases with four homozygous PPP2R3C mutations (p.Leu103Pro, p.Leu193Ser, p.Phe350Ser, and p.Ser216_Tyr218dup) have been reported previously, and their clinical manifestations are roughly similar to those of our patient. Conclusion: Novel compound heterozygous variants in PPP2R3C cause specific syndromic 46, XY gonadal dysgenesis, which broadened the pathogenic variants spectrum of PPP2R3C. The typical phenotype of PPP2R3C mutation is complete 46, XY gonadal dysgenesis with multiple extragonadal anomalies, including facial deformities, skeletal system abnormalities, muscle abnormalities, impaired nervous system, impaired hearing and vision, heart and kidney anomalies, and gastrointestinal dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Endocrinology (Peking Union Medical College Hospital), Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangfeng Mao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Endocrinology (Peking Union Medical College Hospital), Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Endocrinology (Peking Union Medical College Hospital), Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bang Sun
- NHC Key Laboratory of Endocrinology (Peking Union Medical College Hospital), Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Endocrinology (Peking Union Medical College Hospital), Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxia Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Endocrinology (Peking Union Medical College Hospital), Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Min Nie
- NHC Key Laboratory of Endocrinology (Peking Union Medical College Hospital), Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Min Nie, ; Xueyan Wu,
| | - Xueyan Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Endocrinology (Peking Union Medical College Hospital), Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Min Nie, ; Xueyan Wu,
| |
Collapse
|