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Jordan P, Verebi C, Hervé B, Perol S, Chakhtoura Z, Courtillot C, Bachelot A, Karila D, Renard C, Grouthier V, de la Croix SM, Bernard V, Fouveaut C, de la Perrière AB, Jonard-Catteau S, Touraine P, Plu-Bureau G, Dupont JM, Christin-Maitre S, Bienvenu T. Shifting the landscape: Dominant C-terminal rare missense FOXL2 variants in non-syndromic primary ovarian failure etiology. Clin Genet 2024. [PMID: 38558253 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Pathogenic germline variants in the FOXL2 gene are associated with Blepharophimosis, Ptosis, and Epicanthus Inversus syndrome (BPES) in humans, an autosomal dominant condition. Two forms of BPES have emerged: (i) type I (BPES-I), characterized by ocular signs and primary ovarian failure (POI), and (ii) type II (BPES-II) with no systemic associations. This study aimed to compare the distribution of FOXL2 variants in idiopathic POI/DOR (diminished ovarian reserve) and both types of BPES, and to determine the involvement of FOXL2 in non-syndromic forms of POI/DOR. We studied the whole coding region of the FOXL2 gene using next-generation sequencing in 1282 patients with non-syndromic POI/DOR. Each identified FOXL2 variant was compared to its frequency in the general population, considering ethnicity. Screening of the entire coding region of the FOXL2 gene allowed us to identify 10 different variants, including nine missense variants. Of the patients with POI/DOR, 14 (1%) carried a FOXL2 variant. Significantly, six out of nine missense variants (67%) were overrepresented in our POI/DOR cohort compared to the general or specific ethnic subgroups. Our findings strongly suggest that five rare missense variants, mainly located in the C-terminal region of FOXL2 are high-risk factors for non-syndromic POI/DOR, though FOXL2 gene implication accounts for approximately 0.54% of non-syndromic POI/DOR cases. These results support the implementation of routine genetic screening for patients with POI/DOR in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pénélope Jordan
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies de Système et d'Organe, Hôpital Cochin, APHP. Centre Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Camille Verebi
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies de Système et d'Organe, Hôpital Cochin, APHP. Centre Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Bérénice Hervé
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies de Système et d'Organe, Hôpital Cochin, APHP. Centre Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Perol
- Unité de Gynécologie Médicale, APHP. Centre Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Zeina Chakhtoura
- Département d'Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction, APHP. Sorbonne Université, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Center for Rare Endocrine and Gynecological Disorders, ERN-HCP, Paris, France
| | - Carine Courtillot
- Département d'Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction, APHP. Sorbonne Université, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Center for Rare Endocrine and Gynecological Disorders, ERN-HCP, Paris, France
| | - Anne Bachelot
- Département d'Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction, APHP. Sorbonne Université, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Center for Rare Endocrine and Gynecological Disorders, ERN-HCP, Paris, France
| | - Daphné Karila
- Service d'endocrinologie, diabétologie et Médecine de la Reproduction, APHP. Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Valérie Bernard
- Service de Chirurgie Gynécologique et Médecine de la Reproduction, Gynécologie Médicale, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Corinne Fouveaut
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies de Système et d'Organe, Hôpital Cochin, APHP. Centre Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Aude Brac de la Perrière
- Service d'Endocrinologie, de Diabétologie et des Maladies Métaboliques A, Hospices Civiles de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Sophie Jonard-Catteau
- Département d'Assistance Médicale à la Procréation, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, Lille, France
| | - Philippe Touraine
- Département d'Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction, APHP. Sorbonne Université, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Center for Rare Endocrine and Gynecological Disorders, ERN-HCP, Paris, France
| | - Geneviève Plu-Bureau
- Unité de Gynécologie Médicale, APHP. Centre Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Jean Michel Dupont
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies de Système et d'Organe, Hôpital Cochin, APHP. Centre Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Christin-Maitre
- Service d'endocrinologie, diabétologie et Médecine de la Reproduction, APHP. Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Thierry Bienvenu
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies de Système et d'Organe, Hôpital Cochin, APHP. Centre Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
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Quilichini J, Perol S, Cuisset L, Grotto S, Fouveaut C, Barbot JC, Verebi C, Jordan P, Héron D, Molina-Gomes D, Pipiras E, Grynberg M, Catteau-Jonard S, Touraine P, Christin-Maître S, Plu-Bureau G, El Khattabi L, Bienvenu T. Stratification of the risk of ovarian dysfunction by studying the complexity of intermediate and premutation alleles of the FMR1 gene. Am J Med Genet A 2024; 194:e63479. [PMID: 37987117 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
FMR1 premutation female carriers are at risk of developing premature/primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) with an incomplete penetrance. In this study, we determined the CGG repeat size among 1095 women with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) / POI and characterized the CGG/AGG substructure in 44 women carrying an abnormal FMR1 repeat expansion number, compared to a group of 25 pregnant women carrying an abnormal FMR1 CGG repeat size. Allelic complexity scores of the FMR1 gene were calculated and compared between the two groups. In the DOR/POI cohort, 2.1% of women presented with an intermediate repeat size and 1.9% with a premutation. Our results suggest that the risk of POI is highest in the mid-range of CGG repeats. We observed that the allelic score is significantly higher in POI women compared to the pregnant women group (p-value = 0.02). We suggest that a high allelic score due to more than 2 AGG interspersions in the context of an intermediate number of repetitions could favor POI. Larger studies are still needed to evaluate the relevance of this new tool for the determination of the individual risk of developing POI in women with abnormal number of CGG repeats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Quilichini
- Service de Médecine Génomique des maladies de système et d'organe, APHP. Centre Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Perol
- Unité de gynécologie médicale, APHP. Centre Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Cochin Port-Royal, Paris, France
| | - Laurence Cuisset
- Service de Médecine Génomique des maladies de système et d'organe, APHP. Centre Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Sarah Grotto
- Maternité Port-Royal, APHP. Centre Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Fouveaut
- Service de Médecine Génomique des maladies de système et d'organe, APHP. Centre Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jean Claude Barbot
- Service de Médecine Génomique des maladies de système et d'organe, APHP. Centre Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Camille Verebi
- Service de Médecine Génomique des maladies de système et d'organe, APHP. Centre Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Pénélope Jordan
- Service de Médecine Génomique des maladies de système et d'organe, APHP. Centre Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Delphine Héron
- Département de Génétique, APHP. Sorbonne Université, Hôpital La Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Denise Molina-Gomes
- Service de Biologie de la reproduction, Cytogénétique et Génétique Médicale, CHI Poissy-Saint Germain, Poissy, France
| | - Eva Pipiras
- Unité fonctionnelle de Médecine génomique et génétique clinique, APHP. Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Bondy, France
| | - Michael Grynberg
- Gynécologie médicale et médecine de la reproduction, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Bondy, France
| | | | - Philippe Touraine
- Département d'Endocrinologie et médecine de la reproduction, APHP. Sorbonne Université, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Center for Rare Endocrine and Gynecological Disorders, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Christin-Maître
- Service d'endocrinologie, diabétologie et médecine de la reproduction, APHP. Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Geneviève Plu-Bureau
- Unité de gynécologie médicale, APHP. Centre Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Cochin Port-Royal, Paris, France
| | - Laila El Khattabi
- Service de Médecine Génomique des maladies de système et d'organe, APHP. Centre Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, team « From gametes to birth », Paris, France
| | - Thierry Bienvenu
- Service de Médecine Génomique des maladies de système et d'organe, APHP. Centre Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
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Verebi C, Nectoux J, Duriez P, Gorwood P, Ramoz N, Bienvenu T. The value of plasma cell-free DNA levels as biomarker in patients with eating disorders: A preliminary study. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2024; 160:106918. [PMID: 38065040 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) holds promise as a rapid and convenient biomarker for identifying individuals with eating disorders. To investigate this hypothesis, we measured plasma cfDNA in patients with different eating disorders. METHODS In this study, 110 participants (98 patients with eating disorders divided into 30 patients with bulimia nervosa, 33 patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) Restricting subtype, 35 patients with AN Binge-eating/purging subtype and 12 controls) were enrolled. We measured both cell-free nuclear DNA (cf-nDNA) and cell-free mitochondrial DNA (cf-mtDNA) from plasma using two specific droplet digital PCR assays each, referring to two amplicon sizes. RESULTS Levels of plasma cf-nDNA and cf-mtDNA showed no significant differences between control participants and those with eating disorders. However, we observed a higher proportion of long cf-nDNA fragments in patients with eating disorders, suggesting its potential as a biomarker for eating disorders. CONCLUSION This is the first study of cfDNA in patients with eating disorders. Our findings highlight the potential for qualitative exploration of cfDNA, although not of quantitative interest. Full characterization of cfDNA may serve as a valuable biomarker for eating disorders and provide some insights into the hidden mechanisms underlying the chronic development of these conditions. Future studies are needed to confirm or refute this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Verebi
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies de Système et d'Organe, Fédération de Génétique et de Médecine Génomique, APHP, Centre - Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Cochin, Paris 75014, France; Université Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, Gorwood Team, Paris 75014, France.
| | - Juliette Nectoux
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies de Système et d'Organe, Fédération de Génétique et de Médecine Génomique, APHP, Centre - Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Cochin, Paris 75014, France
| | - Philibert Duriez
- Université Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, Gorwood Team, Paris 75014, France; GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, CMME, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris F-75014, France
| | - Philip Gorwood
- Université Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, Gorwood Team, Paris 75014, France; GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, CMME, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris F-75014, France
| | - Nicolas Ramoz
- Université Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, Gorwood Team, Paris 75014, France; GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, CMME, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris F-75014, France
| | - Thierry Bienvenu
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies de Système et d'Organe, Fédération de Génétique et de Médecine Génomique, APHP, Centre - Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Cochin, Paris 75014, France; Université Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, Gorwood Team, Paris 75014, France
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Jordan P, Verebi C, Perol S, Grotto S, Fouveaut C, Christin-Maitre S, de la Perrière AB, Grouthier V, Jonard-Catteau S, Touraine P, Plu-Bureau G, Dupont JM, El Khattabi L, Bienvenu T. NOBOX gene variants in premature ovarian insufficiency: ethnicity-dependent insights. J Assist Reprod Genet 2024; 41:135-146. [PMID: 37921973 PMCID: PMC10789696 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-023-02981-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) affects approximately 1% of women before the age of 40. Genetic contribution is a significant component of POI. The NOBOX gene was considered one of the major genetic causes of POI. However, the pathogenicity and the penetrance of NOBOX variants remain unclear. METHODS We studied the whole coding region of the NOBOX gene by next generation sequencing in a cohort of 810 patients with POI, and we compared the frequency of each identified NOBOX variant to the general population taking into account the ethnicity of each individual. RESULTS Screening of the whole coding region of the NOBOX gene allowed us to identify 35 different variants, including 5 loss-of-function variants. In total, 171 patients with POI (25%) carried out at least one NOBOX variant. Regarding missense variants, we observed a significant overrepresentation of the most frequent ones in our 810 POI patients as compared to the general, except for p.(Arg117Trp). However, taking into account the ethnic origin of the individuals, we observed no significant OR difference for p.(Arg44Leu) and p.(Arg117Trp) in African subgroup and for p.(Asp452Asn) in European subgroup. CONCLUSION This population study suggests that the p.(Arg44Leu) variant could be considered benign variant and that the p.(Asp452Asn) and p.(Arg117Trp) variants could be considered moderate risk pathogenic variants with probably partial and very low penetrance and/or expressivity. In contrast, p.(Gly91Trp) and p.(Gly152Arg) variants could be considered pathogenic variants with a moderate functional impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pénélope Jordan
- Service de Médecine Génomique Des Maladies de Système Et d'Organe, Hôpital Cochin, APHP, Centre Université de Paris Cité, 123 Boulevard de Port-Royal, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Camille Verebi
- Service de Médecine Génomique Des Maladies de Système Et d'Organe, Hôpital Cochin, APHP, Centre Université de Paris Cité, 123 Boulevard de Port-Royal, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Perol
- Unité de Gynécologie Médicale, APHP, Centre Université de Paris Cité Cité, Hôpital Cochin Port-Royal, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Sarah Grotto
- Unité de Gynécologie Médicale, APHP, Centre Université de Paris Cité Cité, Hôpital Cochin Port-Royal, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Fouveaut
- Service de Médecine Génomique Des Maladies de Système Et d'Organe, Hôpital Cochin, APHP, Centre Université de Paris Cité, 123 Boulevard de Port-Royal, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Christin-Maitre
- Service d'endocrinologie, Diabétologie Et Médecine de La Reproduction, APHP, Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Aude Brac de la Perrière
- Service d'Endocrinologie, de Diabétologie Et Des Maladies Métaboliques A, Hospices Civiles de Lyon, 69000, Lyon, France
| | - Virginie Grouthier
- Service de Gynécologie Médicale, CHU de Bordeaux, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sophie Jonard-Catteau
- Département d'assistance Médicale À La Procréation, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Philippe Touraine
- Département d'Endocrinologie Et Médecine de La Reproduction, APHP. Sorbonne Université, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Center for Rare Endocrine and Gynecological Disorders, ERN-HCP, Paris, France
| | - Geneviève Plu-Bureau
- Unité de Gynécologie Médicale, APHP, Centre Université de Paris Cité Cité, Hôpital Cochin Port-Royal, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Jean Michel Dupont
- Service de Médecine Génomique Des Maladies de Système Et d'Organe, Hôpital Cochin, APHP, Centre Université de Paris Cité, 123 Boulevard de Port-Royal, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Laila El Khattabi
- Service de Médecine Génomique Des Maladies de Système Et d'Organe, Hôpital Cochin, APHP, Centre Université de Paris Cité, 123 Boulevard de Port-Royal, 75014, Paris, France
- Département de Génétique Médicale, Unité Fonctionnelle de Génomique Chromosomique, APHP. Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Thierry Bienvenu
- Service de Médecine Génomique Des Maladies de Système Et d'Organe, Hôpital Cochin, APHP, Centre Université de Paris Cité, 123 Boulevard de Port-Royal, 75014, Paris, France.
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Verebi C, Gravrand V, Pacault M, Audrezet MP, Couque N, Vincent MC, Leturcq F, Tsatsaris V, Bienvenu T, Nectoux J. [Towards a generalization of non-invasive prenatal diagnosis of single-gene disorders? Assesment and outlook]. Gynecol Obstet Fertil Senol 2023; 51:463-470. [PMID: 37517661 DOI: 10.1016/j.gofs.2023.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The screening of fetal aneuploidies and non-invasive prenatal diagnosis of monogenic diseases (NIPD-MD) both rely on the study of free fetal DNA in maternal circulation, but their respective rise was unequal. Development of NIPD-MD has taken longer as it represents a less attractive commercial dynamic for industry, but also because it usually involves the development of tailored tests specific to each pathogenic variant. METHODS We have carried out a review of the literature on the various indications and technologies involved in the use of NIPD-MM. We present its current implementation and its development in France. RESULTS To date, NIPD-MD has been routinely offered in France for several years by the laboratories of the French NIPD-MD network but remains mostly limited to the exclusion of paternal or de novo variants, the exclusion DPNI-MD. Indeed, it is still difficult to study the transmission of maternal variants from circulating free DNA analysis, due to its biological complexity: coexistence and predominance of similar DNA sequences of maternal origin. Different strategies, either direct or indirect, are being evaluated to establish fetal status regardless of the parental origin of the disease or its transmission mode. The emergence of commercial screening solutions for monogenic diseases complements the arsenal of prenatal exploration tools for these diseases. CONCLUSION The multitude of existing technologies and protocols may complicate the information provided during antenatal consultations, but mastery of know-how and knowledge of ethical issues of NIPD-MD will ensure optimal service and better management of pregnancies at risk of transmitting monogenic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Verebi
- Service de médecine génomique des maladies de système et d'organe, Fédération de génétique et de médecine génomique, AP-HP centre, université Paris Cité, hôpital Cochin, 27, rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France; Université de Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), Inserm UMR1266, « Genetic vulnerability to addictive and psychiatric disorders » team, Paris, France
| | - Victor Gravrand
- Service de médecine génomique des maladies de système et d'organe, Fédération de génétique et de médecine génomique, AP-HP centre, université Paris Cité, hôpital Cochin, 27, rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Mathilde Pacault
- Laboratoire de génétique moléculaire et d'histocompatibilité, centre hospitalier régional universitaire, Brest, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Audrezet
- Laboratoire de génétique moléculaire et d'histocompatibilité, centre hospitalier régional universitaire, Brest, France
| | - Nathalie Couque
- Service de génétique, AP-HP, hôpital Robert-Debré, 75019 Paris, France
| | - Marie-Claire Vincent
- Génétique moléculaire et cytogénomique, centre hospitalier universitaire de Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - France Leturcq
- Service de médecine génomique des maladies de système et d'organe, Fédération de génétique et de médecine génomique, AP-HP centre, université Paris Cité, hôpital Cochin, 27, rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Vassilis Tsatsaris
- Gynécologie-obstétrique, Maternité Port-Royal, AP-HP centre, université Paris Cité, hôpital Cochin, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Thierry Bienvenu
- Service de médecine génomique des maladies de système et d'organe, Fédération de génétique et de médecine génomique, AP-HP centre, université Paris Cité, hôpital Cochin, 27, rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France; Université de Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), Inserm UMR1266, « Genetic vulnerability to addictive and psychiatric disorders » team, Paris, France
| | - Juliette Nectoux
- Service de médecine génomique des maladies de système et d'organe, Fédération de génétique et de médecine génomique, AP-HP centre, université Paris Cité, hôpital Cochin, 27, rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France.
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Severa G, Pennisi A, Barnerias C, Fiorillo C, Scala M, Taglietti V, Cojocaru AI, Jouni D, Tosca L, Tachdjian G, Desguerre I, Authier FJ, Carlier RY, Metay C, Verebi C, Malfatti E. An early onset benign myopathy with glycogen storage caused by a de novo 1.4 Mb-deletion of chromosome 14. Neuromuscul Disord 2023; 33:817-821. [PMID: 37743183 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2023.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Early onset myopathies are a clinically and histologically heterogeneous monogenic diseases linked to approximately 90 genes. Molecular diagnosis is challenging, especially in patients with a mild phenotype. We describe a 26-year-old man with neonatal hypotonia, motor delay and seizures during infancy, and non-progressive, mild muscular weakness in adulthood. Serum Creatine kinase level was normal. Whole-body muscle MRI showed thin muscles, and brain MRI was unremarkable. A deltoid muscle biopsy showed glycogen storage. WGS revealed a de novo 1.4 Mb-deletion of chromosome 14, confirmed by Array-CGH. This microdeletion causes the loss of ten genes including RALGAPA1, encoding for RalA, a regulator of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) expression at the membrane of myofibers. GLUT4 was overexpressed in patient's muscle. Here we highlight the importance to search for chromosomal alterations in the diagnostic workup of early onset myopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianmarco Severa
- Université Paris Est, U955, IMRB, INSERM, APHP, Centre de Référence de Pathologie Neuromusculaire Nord-Est-Ile-de-France, Filnemus, Henri Mondor Hospital, France; Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, Neurology‑Neurophysiology Unit, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci 1, 5310 Siena, Italy
| | | | - Christine Barnerias
- Reference Center for Neuromuscular Disorders, Filnemus, EuroNMD, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP) Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Chiara Fiorillo
- Neurologia Pediatrica e Malattie Muscolari, Istituto G.Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marcello Scala
- Neurologia Pediatrica e Malattie Muscolari, Istituto G.Gaslini, Genoa, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Università Degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | | | | | - Dima Jouni
- AP-HP. Université Paris Saclay, Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Service d'Histologie, Embryologie et Cytogénétique, 92140 Clamart, France
| | - Lucie Tosca
- AP-HP. Université Paris Saclay, Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Service d'Histologie, Embryologie et Cytogénétique, 92140 Clamart, France
| | - Gérard Tachdjian
- AP-HP. Université Paris Saclay, Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Service d'Histologie, Embryologie et Cytogénétique, 92140 Clamart, France
| | - Isabelle Desguerre
- Reference Center for Neuromuscular Disorders, Filnemus, EuroNMD, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP) Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France
| | - François-Jérome Authier
- Université Paris Est, U955, IMRB, INSERM, APHP, Centre de Référence de Pathologie Neuromusculaire Nord-Est-Ile-de-France, Filnemus, Henri Mondor Hospital, France
| | - Robert-Yves Carlier
- AP-HP, GHU Paris Saclay, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, DMU Smart Imaging, UMR1179 INSERM Garches France
| | - Corinne Metay
- Unité Fonctionnelle de Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique moléculaire et cellulaire. Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique et INSERM UMRS 974, Institut de Myologie. Groupe Hospitalier La Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, Paris, INSERM UMRS1166, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Camille Verebi
- Service de Médecine Génomique, Maladies de Système et d'Organe - Fédération de Génétique et de Médecine Génomique, DMU BioPhyGen, APHP Centre-Université Paris Cité - Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Edoardo Malfatti
- Université Paris Est, U955, IMRB, INSERM, APHP, Centre de Référence de Pathologie Neuromusculaire Nord-Est-Ile-de-France, Filnemus, Henri Mondor Hospital, France.
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7
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Berling E, Verebi C, Venturelli N, Vassilopoulos S, Béhin A, Tard C, Michaud M, Villar Quiles RN, Vicart S, Masingue M, Carlier RY, Romero NB, Lacene E, Leturcq F, Eymard B, Laforêt P, Stojkovic T. Caveolinopathy: clinical, histological and muscle imaging features and follow-up in a multicenter retrospective cohort. Eur J Neurol 2023. [PMID: 37166430 DOI: 10.1111/ene.15832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CAV3 gene mutations, mostly inherited as an autosomal dominant trait, cause various skeletal muscle diseases. Clinical presentations encompass proximal myopathy, distal myopathy, or an isolated persistent high creatine kinase (CK) with a major overlapping phenotype. METHODS Twenty-three patients with CAV3 symptomatic mutations, from 16 different families, were included in a retrospective cohort. Mean follow-up duration was 24.2 ± 15.0 years. Clinical and functional data were collected during the follow-up. The results of muscle imaging, electroneuromyography and muscle histopathology and immunohistochemistry and caveolin-3 Western blot analysis were also compiled. RESULTS Exercise intolerance was the most common phenotype (52%). Eighty percent of patients had calf hypertrophy and only 65% of patients presented a rippling. One patient presented initially with camptocormia. A walking aid was required in only two patients. Electroneuromyography was mostly normal. CK level was elevated in all patients. No patient had cardiac or respiratory impairment. Muscle imaging showed fatty involvement of semimembranosus, semitendinosus, rectus femoris, biceps brachialis and spinal muscles. Almost all (87%) of the biopsies were abnormal but without any specific pattern. While a quarter of patients had normal caveolin-3 immunohistochemistry results, Western blots disclosed a reduced amount of the protein. We report nine mutations, including four not previously described. No phenotype-genotype correlation was evidenced. CONCLUSIONS Caveolinopathy have diverse clinical, muscle imaging and histological presentations but often have limited functional impact. Mild forms of the disease, an atypical phenotype and normal caveolin-3 immunostaining are pitfalls leading to misdiagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edouard Berling
- APHP, Service de Neurologie, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France
- APHP, Centre de référence Nord-Est- Ile-de-France, FHU PHENIX, France
- Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, U 1179 INSERM, Paris-Saclay, France
| | - Camille Verebi
- APHP, Université de Paris Centre, Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies de Système et d'Organe, Fédération de Génétique et de Médecine Génomique, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Nadia Venturelli
- APHP, GHU Paris-Saclay, DMU Smart Imaging, Service d'imagerie médicale, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France
| | - Stéphane Vassilopoulos
- Sorbonne Université, UMRS974, - INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Institut de Myologie Paris, France
| | - Anthony Béhin
- APHP, Sorbonne Université, Service de Neuromyologie, Centre de référence Nord-Est-Ile-de-France, Institut de Myologie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Céline Tard
- CHU de Lille, Service de Neurologie, Centre de référence des maladies neuromusculaires Nord-Est-Ile-de-France, U1172, Unité d'expertise cognitivo-motrice, Lille, France
| | - Maud Michaud
- CHRU Central Nancy, Service de Neurologie, Centre de référence Nord-Est-, Ile-de-France, Nancy, France
| | - Rocio Nur Villar Quiles
- APHP, Sorbonne Université, Service de Neuromyologie, Centre de référence Nord-Est-Ile-de-France, Institut de Myologie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
- APHP, Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMR 974, Service de Neuromyologie, Centre de référence des canalopathies musculaires, Institut de Myologie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Savine Vicart
- APHP, Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMR 974, Service de Neuromyologie, Centre de référence des canalopathies musculaires, Institut de Myologie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Marion Masingue
- APHP, Sorbonne Université, Service de Neuromyologie, Centre de référence Nord-Est-Ile-de-France, Institut de Myologie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Robert-Yves Carlier
- APHP, GHU Paris-Saclay, DMU Smart Imaging, Service d'imagerie médicale, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France
- Université Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, UMR 1179 End-Icap, Paris-Saclay, France
| | - Norma Beatriz Romero
- Sorbonne Université, UMRS974, - INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Institut de Myologie Paris, France
- APHP, Unité de Morphologie neuromusculaire, Centre de référence des maladies neuromusculaires Nord-Est- Ile-de-France, Institut de Myologie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Lacene
- APHP, Unité de Morphologie neuromusculaire, Centre de référence des maladies neuromusculaires Nord-Est- Ile-de-France, Institut de Myologie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - France Leturcq
- APHP, Université de Paris Centre, Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies de Système et d'Organe, Fédération de Génétique et de Médecine Génomique, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Eymard
- APHP, Service de Neurologie, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France
| | - Pascal Laforêt
- APHP, Service de Neurologie, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France
- APHP, Centre de référence Nord-Est- Ile-de-France, FHU PHENIX, France
- Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, U 1179 INSERM, Paris-Saclay, France
| | - Tanya Stojkovic
- APHP, Sorbonne Université, Service de Neuromyologie, Centre de référence Nord-Est-Ile-de-France, Institut de Myologie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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Verebi C, Nectoux J, Gorwood P, Le Strat Y, Duriez P, Ramoz N, Bienvenu T. A systematic literature review and meta-analysis of circulating nucleic acids as biomarkers in psychiatry. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 125:110770. [PMID: 37068545 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Common mental disorders (CMDs) such as depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorders account for 40% of the global burden of disease. In most psychiatric disorders, both diagnosis and monitoring can be challenging, frequently requiring long-term investigation and follow-up. The discovery of better methods to facilitate accurate and fast diagnosis and monitoring of psychiatric disorders is therefore crucial. Circulating nucleic acids (CNAs) are among these new tools. CNAs (DNA or RNA) can be found circulating in body biofluids, and can be isolated from biological samples such as plasma. They can serve as biomarkers for diagnosis and prognoses. They appear to be promising for disorders (such as psychiatric disorders) that involve organs or structures that are difficult to assess. This review presents an accurate assessment of the current literature about the use of plasma and serum cell-free DNA (cfDNA) as biomarkers for several aspects of psychiatric disorders: diagnosis, prognosis, treatment response, and monitor disease progression. For each psychiatric disorder, we examine the effect sizes to give insights on the efficacy of CNAs as biomarkers. The global effect size for plasma nuclear and mitochondrial cfDNA studies was generally moderate for psychiatric disorders. In addition, we discuss future applications of CNAs and particularly cfDNA as non-invasive biomarkers for these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Verebi
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies de Système et d'Organe, Hôpital Cochin, AP.HP.CUP, Paris, France; INSERM U1266, Institut de Psychiatrie et de Neurosciences de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Juliette Nectoux
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies de Système et d'Organe, Hôpital Cochin, AP.HP.CUP, Paris, France
| | - Philip Gorwood
- INSERM U1266, Institut de Psychiatrie et de Neurosciences de Paris, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences (CMME), Paris, France
| | - Yann Le Strat
- AP-HP, Department of Psychiatry, Louis Mourier Hospital, Université Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Colombes, France
| | - Philibert Duriez
- INSERM U1266, Institut de Psychiatrie et de Neurosciences de Paris, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences (CMME), Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Ramoz
- INSERM U1266, Institut de Psychiatrie et de Neurosciences de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Thierry Bienvenu
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies de Système et d'Organe, Hôpital Cochin, AP.HP.CUP, Paris, France; INSERM U1266, Institut de Psychiatrie et de Neurosciences de Paris, Paris, France.
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9
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Verebi C, Caumes R, Chantot-Bastaraud S, Deburgrave N, Orhant L, Vaucouleur N, Cuisset L, Bienvenu T, Leturcq F, Nectoux J. How a paternal uniparental isodisomy of chromosome 17 leads to autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy-3. Neuromuscul Disord 2023; 33:367-370. [PMID: 36996638 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2023.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Uniparental isodisomy is a condition where both chromosomes of a pair are inherited from one parental homologue. If a deleterious variant is present on the duplicated chromosome, its homozygosity can reveal an autosomal recessive disorder in the offspring of a heterozygous carrier. Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) R3 is an autosomal recessive inherited disease that is associated with alpha-sarcoglycan gene (SGCA) variants. We report the first published case of LGMDR3 due to a homozygous variant in SGCA unmasked by uniparental isodisomy. The patient is an 8-year-old who experienced delayed motor milestones but normal cognitive development. He presented with muscle pain and elevated plasma creatine kinase. Sequencing of the SGCA gene showed a homozygous pathogenic variant. Parents were not related and only the father was heterozygous for the pathogenic variant. A chromosomal microarray revealed a complete chromosome 17 copy number neutral loss of heterozygosity encompassing SGCA, indicating paternal uniparental isodisomy.
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Pacault M, Verebi C, Champion M, Orhant L, Perrier A, Girodon E, Leturcq F, Vidaud D, Férec C, Bienvenu T, Daveau R, Nectoux J. Non-invasive prenatal diagnosis of single gene disorders with enhanced relative haplotype dosage analysis for diagnostic implementation. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280976. [PMID: 37093806 PMCID: PMC10124834 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive prenatal diagnosis of single-gene disorders (SGD-NIPD) has been widely accepted, but is mostly limited to the exclusion of either paternal or de novo mutations. Indeed, it is still difficult to infer the inheritance of the maternal allele from cell-free DNA (cfDNA) analysis. Based on the study of maternal haplotype imbalance in cfDNA, relative haplotype dosage (RHDO) was developed to address this challenge. Although RHDO has been shown to be reliable, robust control of statistical error and explicit delineation of critical parameters for assessing the quality of the analysis have not been fully addressed. We present here a universal and adaptable enhanced-RHDO (eRHDO) procedure through an automated bioinformatics pipeline with a didactic visualization of the results, aiming to be applied for any SGD-NIPD in routine care. A training cohort of 43 families carrying CFTR, NF1, DMD, or F8 mutations allowed the characterization and optimal setting of several adjustable data variables, such as minimum sequencing depth, type 1 and type 2 statistical errors, as well as the quality assessment of intermediate steps and final results by block score and concordance score. Validation was successfully performed on a test cohort of 56 pregnancies. Finally, computer simulations were used to estimate the effect of fetal-fraction, sequencing depth and number of informative SNPs on the quality of results. Our workflow proved to be robust, as we obtained conclusive and correctly inferred fetal genotypes in 94.9% of cases, with no false-negative or false-positive results. By standardizing data generation and analysis, we fully describe a turnkey protocol for laboratories wishing to offer eRHDO-based non-invasive prenatal diagnosis for single-gene disorders as an alternative to conventional prenatal diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Pacault
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire et Histocompatibilité, Brest, France
- Service de Médecine Génomique des maladies de système et d'organe, APHP.Centre - Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Camille Verebi
- Service de Médecine Génomique des maladies de système et d'organe, APHP.Centre - Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | | | - Lucie Orhant
- Service de Médecine Génomique des maladies de système et d'organe, APHP.Centre - Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Perrier
- Service de Médecine Génomique des maladies de système et d'organe, APHP.Centre - Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Girodon
- Service de Médecine Génomique des maladies de système et d'organe, APHP.Centre - Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - France Leturcq
- Service de Médecine Génomique des maladies de système et d'organe, APHP.Centre - Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Dominique Vidaud
- Service de Médecine Génomique des maladies de système et d'organe, APHP.Centre - Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Claude Férec
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire et Histocompatibilité, Brest, France
| | - Thierry Bienvenu
- Service de Médecine Génomique des maladies de système et d'organe, APHP.Centre - Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Romain Daveau
- MOABI, Plateforme bio-informatique AP-HP, Département I&D, DSI, Paris, France
| | - Juliette Nectoux
- Service de Médecine Génomique des maladies de système et d'organe, APHP.Centre - Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
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Pinto MJ, Fromes Y, Ackermann-Bonan I, Leturcq F, Verebi C, Romero NB, Stojkovic T. Muscle MRI as a Diagnostic Challenge in Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy. J Neuromuscul Dis 2022; 9:649-654. [DOI: 10.3233/jnd-220823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria João Pinto
- Department of Neurology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, E.P.E., Porto, Portugal
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Yves Fromes
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Neuromuscular Investigation Center, Institute of Myology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, CEA, DRF, IBFJ, Molecular Imaging Research Center, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Ackermann-Bonan
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Neuromuscular Investigation Center, Institute of Myology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, CEA, DRF, IBFJ, Molecular Imaging Research Center, Paris, France
| | - France Leturcq
- Department of Genomic Medicine and Systemic Diseases, APHP, University of Paris, Cochin Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Camille Verebi
- Department of Genomic Medicine and Systemic Diseases, APHP, University of Paris, Cochin Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Norma B. Romero
- Reference Center for Neuromuscular Disorders, APHP, Myology Institute, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche en Myologie, GHPitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université-InsermUMRS974, Paris, France
- Neuromuscular Morphology Unit, Institute of Myology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Tanya Stojkovic
- Reference Center for Neuromuscular Disorders, APHP, Myology Institute, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche en Myologie, GHPitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université-InsermUMRS974, Paris, France
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Pacault M, Verebi C, Lopez M, Vaucouleur N, Orhant L, Deburgrave N, Leturcq F, Vidaud D, Girodon E, Bienvenu T, Nectoux J. Non-invasive prenatal diagnosis of single gene disorders by paternal mutation exclusion: 3 years of clinical experience. BJOG 2022; 129:1879-1886. [PMID: 35486001 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.17201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) analysis is performed routinely for aneuploidy screening, RhD genotyping or sex determination. Although applications to single gene disorders (SGD) are being rapidly developed worldwide, only a few laboratories offer cffDNA testing routinely as a diagnosis service for this indication. In a previous report, we described a standardised protocol for non-invasive exclusion of paternal variant in SGD. Three years later, we now report our clinical experience with the protocol. DESIGN Descriptive study. SETTING Multi-centre French. POPULATION Indications for referral included pregnancies at risk of 25% or 50% of paternally inherited SGD, and pregnancies associated with an increased risk of SGD due to a de novo variant, either from strongly suggestive ultrasound findings or from a possible parental germinal mosaicism in the context of a previously affected child. METHODS Non-invasive prenatal diagnosis was performed using custom assays for droplet digital PCR. Feasibility, diagnostic performance and turn-around time were evaluated. RESULTS Mean time for a new assay design and validation was evaluated at 14 days, and mean result reporting time was 6 days. All referred pathogenic variants could be targeted except one located in a complex genomic region. A result was obtained for every 198 referrals except two. CONCLUSION This service was successfully implemented as a routine laboratory practice. It has been widely adopted by French clinicians and patients for paternal variant exclusion in various disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Pacault
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies de Système et d'Organe, Centre Université de Paris - Fédération de Génétique et de Médecine Génomique, Hôpital Cochin, APHP, Paris, France.,Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire et d'Histocompatibilité, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Brest, France
| | - Camille Verebi
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies de Système et d'Organe, Centre Université de Paris - Fédération de Génétique et de Médecine Génomique, Hôpital Cochin, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Maureen Lopez
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies de Système et d'Organe, Centre Université de Paris - Fédération de Génétique et de Médecine Génomique, Hôpital Cochin, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Vaucouleur
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies de Système et d'Organe, Centre Université de Paris - Fédération de Génétique et de Médecine Génomique, Hôpital Cochin, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Lucie Orhant
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies de Système et d'Organe, Centre Université de Paris - Fédération de Génétique et de Médecine Génomique, Hôpital Cochin, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Deburgrave
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies de Système et d'Organe, Centre Université de Paris - Fédération de Génétique et de Médecine Génomique, Hôpital Cochin, APHP, Paris, France
| | - France Leturcq
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies de Système et d'Organe, Centre Université de Paris - Fédération de Génétique et de Médecine Génomique, Hôpital Cochin, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Dominique Vidaud
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies de Système et d'Organe, Centre Université de Paris - Fédération de Génétique et de Médecine Génomique, Hôpital Cochin, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Girodon
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies de Système et d'Organe, Centre Université de Paris - Fédération de Génétique et de Médecine Génomique, Hôpital Cochin, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Thierry Bienvenu
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies de Système et d'Organe, Centre Université de Paris - Fédération de Génétique et de Médecine Génomique, Hôpital Cochin, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Juliette Nectoux
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies de Système et d'Organe, Centre Université de Paris - Fédération de Génétique et de Médecine Génomique, Hôpital Cochin, APHP, Paris, France
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