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Ruiz Henao PA, Magrin GL, Caneiro-Queija L, Benfatti CAM, Leira Y, Liñares-González A, Blanco-Carrión J. Single-piece zirconia versus single-piece titanium, narrow-diameter dental implants in the anterior maxilla: 5-year post-loading results of a randomized clinical trial. Clin Oral Implants Res 2024; 35:1310-1323. [PMID: 38940623 DOI: 10.1111/clr.14319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate esthetic parameters in the anterior maxillary region by comparing single-piece zirconia versus titanium narrow-diameter implants. Additionally, clinical, radiological and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) were analyzed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty implants (tissue level implant) were placed in 30 patients in the maxillary esthetic sector. Depending on randomization, a zirconia (test) or titanium implant (control) was placed. Esthetic, clinical, and radiological parameters, including the implant crown esthetic index (ICAI), pink esthetic score (PES), probing pocket depth, bleeding on probing, plaque index, and marginal bone levels, were evaluated at 12, 36 and 60 months after loading. RESULTS Sixty months after crown placement, no significant differences were found between groups. The ICAI values were 5.25 ± 4.21 and 4.50 ± 2.98 for the test and control groups, respectively. The corresponding PES values were 7.44 ± 1.93 and 7.43 ± 1.74 for the test and control groups, respectively. There were no significant intergroup differences for the rest of the parameters evaluated. CONCLUSION It can be suggested that monotype zirconia implants may serve as a potential alternative to titanium implants in selected clinical scenarios. While the results demonstrated comparable esthetic, clinical, and radiological aspects for zirconia implants as compared to titanium implants after a 5-year follow-up period, further research with larger sample sizes and longer-term follow-up is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Andrea Ruiz Henao
- Unit of Periodontology, Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Gabriel Leonardo Magrin
- Unit of Periodontology, Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Center for Education and Research on Dental Implants (CEPID), Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Leticia Caneiro-Queija
- Unit of Periodontology, Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Cesar Augusto Magalhães Benfatti
- Center for Education and Research on Dental Implants (CEPID), Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Yago Leira
- Unit of Periodontology, Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Antonio Liñares-González
- Unit of Periodontology, Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Juan Blanco-Carrión
- Unit of Periodontology, Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Fiore AD, Stellini E, Monaco C, Yilmaz B. Clinical outcome of monolithic zirconia on bonded or mechanically retained prefabricated titanium-base: A 4-year retrospective study. J Dent 2024; 150:105350. [PMID: 39321738 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 09/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the clinical performance of monolithic screw-retained implant-supported zirconia crowns (MSI) bonded or mechanically retained on prefabricated Ti-bases using a complete digital workflow. METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients who underwent single dental implant procedures between January 2017 and May 2018. Inclusion criteria were: patients over 18 years of age; implants placed in posterior sites; MSI on prefabricated Ti-base realized by using a complete digital workflow; a minimum follow-up period of 2 years. Cemented crowns and fixed dental prosthesis were excluded. Mechanical complications included: fracture of Ti-base; loss of retention; loosening of Ti-base screws. Technical complications included: fracture and debonding of monolithic zirconia. Biological complication was set strictly at a probing pocket depth of 5 mm and bleeding on probing or pus secretion. RESULTS A total of 144 dental implants placed in 127 patients were included, 73 with a fully tapered implant system (BLX) and 71 with a conical connection system (Nobel Parallel CC). Of the 73 BLX implants, 4 experienced loosening of the Ti-base screw, while 3 Nobel Parallel CC implants experienced the same problem. In addition, 4 fractures of the Ti-base and 6 fractures of the inner surface of the monolithic zirconia were observed in the Nobel Parallel CC implants. Cumulative survival was 100 % for bonded crowns and 85 % for mechanically retained crowns. Radiographic evaluation revealed a mean CBL of 0.12 mm for the BLX and 0.13 mm for the Nobel Parallel CC implants with no statistically significant differences between the Ti-base types. There was no evidence of bleeding on probing or pus secretion. All probing pocket depths were <3 mm. CONCLUSION The use of a prefabricated Ti-base remains a clinically acceptable choice, however, MSIs bonded to prefabricated Ti-bases had fewer mechanical and technical complications than the MSI mechanically retained to a prefabricated Ti-base.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adolfo Di Fiore
- Assistant Professor, Department of Neurosciences, School of Dentistry, Section of Prosthodontics and Digital Dentistry, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | - Edoardo Stellini
- Full Professor and Head of Dental Clinic and School of Dentistry, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Carlo Monaco
- Associate Professor, Department of Surgery, Medicine, and Dentistry, University of Modena e Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Burak Yilmaz
- Associate Professor, Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Associate Professor, Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Adjunct Professor, Division of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, The Ohio State University, OH, USA
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Troiano G, Rapani A, Fanelli F, Berton F, Caroprese M, Lombardi T, Zhurakivska K, Stacchi C. Inter and intra-operator reliability of Lekholm and Zarb classification and proposal of a novel radiomic data-driven clustering for qualitative assessment of edentulous alveolar ridges. Clin Oral Implants Res 2024; 35:729-738. [PMID: 38629945 DOI: 10.1111/clr.14271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study was conducted to evaluate the reproducibility of Lekholm and Zarb classification system (L&Z) for bone quality assessment of edentulous alveolar ridges and to investigate the potential of a data-driven approach for bone quality classification. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-six expert clinicians were asked to classify 110 CBCT cross-sections according to L&Z classification (T0). The same evaluation was repeated after one month with the images put in a different order (T1). Intra- and inter-examiner agreement analyses were performed using Cohen's kappa coefficient (CK) and Fleiss' kappa coefficient (FK), respectively. Additionally, radiomic features extraction was performed from 3D edentulous ridge blocks derived from the same 110 CBCTs, and unsupervised clustering using 3 different clustering methods was used to identify patterns in the obtained data. RESULTS Intra-examiner agreement between T0 and T1 was weak (CK 0.515). Inter-examiner agreement at both time points was minimal (FK at T0: 0.273; FK at T1: 0.243). The three different unsupervised clustering methods based on radiomic features aggregated the 110 CBCTs in three groups in the same way. CONCLUSIONS The results showed low agreement among clinicians when using L&Z classification, indicating that the system may not be as reliable as previously thought. The present study suggests the possible application of a reproducible data-driven approach based on radiomics for the classification of edentulous alveolar ridges, with potential implications for improving clinical outcomes. Further research is needed to determine the clinical significance of these findings and to develop more standardized and accurate methods for assessing bone quality of edentulous alveolar ridges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Troiano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Antonio Rapani
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Francesco Fanelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Federico Berton
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Marino Caroprese
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Teresa Lombardi
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Khrystyna Zhurakivska
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Claudio Stacchi
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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Böse MWH, Beuer F, Naumann M, Spies BC, Neumeyer S, Hildebrand D, Bruhnke M. Root-analogue implants compared to forced orthodontic extrusion: a retrospective analysis of clinical, radiological and esthetic outcomes after restoration. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:5875-5886. [PMID: 37581766 PMCID: PMC10560152 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05198-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess clinical, radiological and esthetic outcomes of restorations supported by root-analogue implants (RAIs) or roots of severely damaged teeth after forced orthodontic extrusion (FOE). MATERIALS AND METHODS Clinical data regarding milled one-piece (titanium/zirconia roots and zirconia abutments) RAIs (REPLICATE™ System) and FOE were recorded and retrospectively evaluated for 40 patients by two investigators. Strict inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. Functional and esthetic outcomes were assessed for n = 20 pre-molars and n = 20 anterior teeth via comparison of radiographic and digital images applying the novel Functional Implant Prosthodontic Score (FIPS). Krippendorff's alpha coefficient was calculated to assess inter-rater reliability. Mann-Whitney-U-Test was used to compare the assessed parameters. Level of significance was set to p < 0.05. RESULTS After a mean observation period of 18.4 ± 5.7 months for restorations supported by RAIs and 43.9 ± 16.4 months for restorations after FOE, mean FIPS scores were 9.2/8.8 ± 1.1/1.2 (RAIs) and 7.4/7.7 ± 1.3/1.5 (FOE), respectively. Krippendorff's alpha coefficients did not reveal unacceptable inter-rater reliabilities regarding the investigators and applicability of FIPS. Significant differences were documented when comparing restorations after FOE or supported by RAIs regarding bone loss (p < 0.01), presence of papillae (p < 0.05) and quality and quantity of mucosa (p < 0.02) in favor of FOE. CONCLUSIONS Within the main limitations of sample size and the retrospective study design, both concepts seem to provide clinically acceptable results. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Bone- and tissue-preserving characteristics regarding the concept of FOE are promising. It could be applicable for socket preservation and subsequent conventional implant placements in an adapted workflow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mats Wernfried Heinrich Böse
- Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Aßmannshauser Str. 4-6, 14197, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Florian Beuer
- Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Aßmannshauser Str. 4-6, 14197, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Naumann
- Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Aßmannshauser Str. 4-6, 14197, Berlin, Germany
| | - Benedikt Christopher Spies
- Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Center for Dental Medicine, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Neumeyer
- Private Dental Practice, Gemeinschaftspraxis Dr. Stefan Neumeyer & Partner, Leminger Str. 10, 93458, Eschlkam, Germany
| | - Detlef Hildebrand
- Private Dental Practice, Dr. Detlef Hildebrand, Westhafenstraße 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria Bruhnke
- Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Aßmannshauser Str. 4-6, 14197, Berlin, Germany
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Weigel LD, Scherrer A, Schmid L, Stähli A, Imber JC, Roccuzzo A, Salvi GE. Marginal bone level changes around dental implants with one or two adjacent teeth - A clinical and radiographic retrospective study with a follow-up of at least 10 years. Clin Oral Implants Res 2023; 34:872-880. [PMID: 37340736 DOI: 10.1111/clr.14115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
AIM To compare mean bone level (mBL) changes around dental implants with one or two adjacent teeth after a function time of ≥10 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred thirty three periodontally compromised patients (PCPs) with 551 implants enrolled in supportive periodontal care (SPC) were screened. Implants were categorized either into group TIT (tooth-implant-tooth) or into group TIG (tooth-implant-gap). MBL changes from delivery of restoration (i.e., baseline) to follow-up were calculated in millimeters and compared between implants and adjacent teeth. Survival rates and the need for surgical interventions during SPC were recorded. RESULTS Eighty seven patients with 142 implants were re-evaluated after a mean observation time of 14.5 ± 3.5 years. The mBL at mesial implant sites in the TIT group increased -0.07 ± 0.92 mm and decreased in the TIG group 0.52 ± 1.34 mm, respectively (95% CI: 0.04/1.14, p = .037). At distal implant sites, the mBL in the TIT group increased -0.08 ± 0.84 mm and decreased 0.03 ± 0.87 in the TIG group, respectively (95% CI: -0.20/0.42, p = .48). The overall implant loss rate was 3.5% (n = 5; 2 TIT, 3 TIG), without a statistically significant difference between the two groups (95% CI: 0.18/7.07, p = .892). Tooth loss rates (TIT: 12.3%, TIG: 12.3%) were not statistically significantly different (OR = 1.00, p = .989). CONCLUSION High tooth and implant survival rates were observed in PCPs. The presence of one or two adjacent teeth seemed to have no impact on marginal bone level changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucienne D Weigel
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Angelina Scherrer
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lucas Schmid
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Stähli
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Claude Imber
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Roccuzzo
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Giovanni E Salvi
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Roccuzzo A, Imber J, Marruganti C, Salvi GE, Ramieri G, Roccuzzo M. Clinical outcomes of dental implants in patients with and without history of periodontitis: A 20-year prospective study. J Clin Periodontol 2022; 49:1346-1356. [PMID: 36054302 PMCID: PMC9804375 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM To present the 20-year clinical outcomes of tissue-level implants in partially edentulous patients previously treated for periodontitis and in periodontally healthy patients (PHP). MATERIAL AND METHODS The original population consisted of 149 partially edentulous patients consecutively enrolled in a private specialist practice and divided into three groups: PHP, moderately periodontally compromised patients (mPCP) and severely PCP (sPCP). After successful completion of periodontal/implant therapy, patients were enrolled in an individualized supportive periodontal care (SPC) programme. RESULTS Eighty-four patients rehabilitated with 172 implants reached the 20-year examination. During the observation time, 12 implants were removed (i.e., 11 due to biological complications and 1 due to implant fracture), leading to an overall implant survival rate of 93% (i.e., 94.9% for PHP, 91.8% for mPCP and 93.1% for sPCP [p = .29]). At 20 years, PCP compliant with SPC did not present with significantly higher odds of implant loss compared with PHP compliant with SPC (p > .05). Conversely, PCP not compliant with SPC experienced implant loss with odds ratio of 14.59 (1.30-164.29, p = .03). CONCLUSIONS Tissue-level implants, placed after comprehensive periodontal therapy and SPC, yield favourable long-term results. However, patients with a history of periodontitis and non-compliant with SPC are at higher risk of biological complications and implant loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Roccuzzo
- Department of PeriodontologySchool of Dental Medicine, University of BernBernSwitzerland,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryCopenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet)CopenhagenDenmark,Department of Restorative, Pediatric and Preventive DentistrySchool of Dental Medicine, University of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Jean‐Claude Imber
- Department of PeriodontologySchool of Dental Medicine, University of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Crystal Marruganti
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care MedicineUniversity of PisaPisaItaly,Sub‐Unit of Periodontology, Halitosis and Periodontal MedicineUniversity Hospital of PisaPisaItaly,Unit of Periodontology, Endodontology and Restorative Dentistry, Department of Medical BiotechnologiesUniversity of SienaSienaItaly
| | - Giovanni E. Salvi
- Department of PeriodontologySchool of Dental Medicine, University of BernBernSwitzerland
| | | | - Mario Roccuzzo
- Division of Maxillofacial SurgeryUniversity of TorinoTorinoItaly,Department of Periodontics and Oral MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA,Private PracticeTorinoItaly
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Enkling N, Nauli J, Kraus D, Wittneben JG, Schimmel M, Abou-Ayash S. Short strategic implants for mandibular removable partial dentures: One-year results from a pilot randomized crossover abutment type study. Clin Oral Implants Res 2021; 32:1176-1189. [PMID: 34352145 PMCID: PMC9292160 DOI: 10.1111/clr.13815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The present pilot study analyzed two abutment types (a retentive ball and a non‐retentive dome) in implant‐assisted removable partial dentures (IARPDs) on 6 mm short implants with respect to clinical, radiological, and patient‐reported outcomes (PROs), during the first year. Materials and Methods Two implants were placed bilaterally in mandibular molar sites, converting existing free‐end removable partial dentures (RPDs) to IARPDs. Twelve subjects were randomized to initially receive either the dome (Group A, n = 6) or the ball abutment (Group B, n = 6). After eight weeks, the abutments were exchanged. After another 8 weeks, the participants were given the choice of one of the abutments. Mean values and standard deviations (SD) were calculated, and random‐effect linear regression analyses were applied to analyze marginal bone level alterations and PROs (α < .05). Results Twelve participants were included in the study; however, one dropout occurred. Patient ratings increased significantly in both study groups. The majority of the participants (82%) ultimately chose the ball abutment. The implant survival rate was 100%, and the success rate was 90.9% twelve months after implant placement (mean peri‐implant bone‐loss: −1.2; SD: 0.6 mm) without a statistically significant difference between the study groups, in terms of clinical‐ and radiological outcomes. Conclusion Placing 6 mm short implants at mandibular molar sites of RPD wearers seems to be a viable treatment option, based on this investigation with a short‐term follow‐up. Although only minor differences between the two abutments were observed, patients seem to prefer the ball over the dome abutment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Enkling
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Prosthodontics, Preclinical Education and Dental Materials Science, University of Bonn, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Joël Nauli
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Dominik Kraus
- Department of Prosthodontics, Preclinical Education and Dental Materials Science, University of Bonn, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Martin Schimmel
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Division of Gerodontology and Removable Prosthodontics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Samir Abou-Ayash
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Di Fiore A, Granata S, Monaco C, Stellini E, Yilmaz B. Clinical performance of posterior monolithic zirconia implant-supported fixed dental prostheses with angulated screw channels: A 3-year prospective cohort study. J Prosthet Dent 2021; 129:566-572. [PMID: 34344529 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2021.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The choice of retention type of an implant-supported fixed dental prosthesis (FDP) becomes critical when the dental implant is not placed in a prosthetically ideal location. In recent years, computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology has enabled the correction of the location of screw access hole depending on the clinical needs of the patient. However, how FPDs with angulated screw channels (ASCs) perform clinically is unclear. PURPOSE The purpose of this prospective clinical study was to evaluate the mechanical complications and crestal bone loss (CBL) when posterior monolithic zirconia implant-supported FDPs with an ASC are used. MATERIAL AND METHODS Participants (N=37) with a missing single posterior tooth or multiple teeth, sufficient bone height, and an implant site without infection were included. Each participant received parallel-walled implants (Nobel Parallel CC) of 7-, 8.5-, or 10-mm length by using a 1-stage approach. After 4 months of healing, a conventional impression was made, and a digital workflow was followed. Monolithic zirconia restorations (Katana ML) were milled, stained, and mechanically attached to a titanium base (NobelProcera ASC abutment). CBL was measured from radiographs at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months after the placement of the prosthesis. Implant and prosthetic characteristics including implant diameter, implant length, screw channel angle (angle≤15 degrees versus angle>16 degrees), prosthetic type (single crown versus multiple-unit FDP), and antagonist dentition (natural versus prosthesis) were also recorded. A generalized linear mixed model with a log link was estimated to assess the independent predictors of CBL among the angles of ASC-retained definitive restorations and the clinically relevant variables (α=.05). RESULTS Thirty-seven participants received 51 implants, and the median follow-up period was 30 months (interquartile range: 22-36). Two single-crown implants failed within the first 12 months of delivery. The implant and restoration survival rate was 96% at 36 months. Screw loosening was recorded in 2 study participants. After a follow-up of 36 months, the mean ±standard deviation CBL value was 0.15 ±0.14 mm with an increase over time (P<.001). The effect of the angle of ASC, implant diameter, implant length, prosthetic type, and antagonist on the CBL was not statistically significant (P>.05). CONCLUSIONS CBL was not associated with the angle of ASC, implant diameter, implant length, prosthetic type, or antagonist when posterior monolithic zirconia implant-supported FDPs with ASCs were used. Screw loosening in 2 situations was the only mechanical complication during the first 3 years of service.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adolfo Di Fiore
- Adjunct Professor, Department of Neurosciences, School of Dentistry, Section of Prosthodontics and Digital Dentistry, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | - Stefano Granata
- Adjunct Professor, Department of Neurosciences, School of Dentistry, Section of Prosthodontics and Digital Dentistry, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Carlo Monaco
- Researcher, Assistant Professor, Division of Prosthodontics and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), Alma Mater Studiorum- University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Edoardo Stellini
- Full Professor and Head of Dental Clinic and School of Dentistry, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Burak Yilmaz
- Associate Professor, Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Associate Professor, Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Adjunct Professor, Division of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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9
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Oda Y, Mori G, Honma S, Ito T, Iijima T, Yajima Y. Marginal bone loss and the risk indicators of fixed screw-retained implant-supported prostheses and fixed telescopic-retained implant-supported prostheses in full arch: A retrospective case-control study. Clin Oral Implants Res 2021; 32:818-827. [PMID: 33754378 DOI: 10.1111/clr.13750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study compared full-arch screw-retained implant-supported fixed dental prostheses (FSI-FDPs) and full-arch telescopic-retained implant-supported fixed dental prostheses with a professional retrieval system (FTI-FDPs) on marginal bone loss (MBL), the risk indicators and peri-implantitis rate after 7-13 years. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sixty five edentulous patients were treated with 86 prostheses and 592 implants. The FSI-FDP group comprised 26 patients (32 prostheses, 202 implants), and the FTI-FDP group comprised 39 patients (54 prostheses, 390 implants). MBL and the risk indicators of MBL ≥1 mm were assessed. Peri-implantitis rates at 13 years were also calculated. RESULTS Full-arch screw-retained implant-supported fixed dental prostheses and FTI-FDP implants exhibited comparable mean MBLs of 0.60 ± 0.51 and 0.41 ± 1.03 mm, respectively. MBL ≥1 mm was noted for 25% of FSI-FDP implants and 6.9% of FTI-FDP implants. Superstructure-abutment connection (screw retention:FSI-FDPs >telescopic retention:FTI-FDPs) and implant-abutment connection (External butt joint, Internal butt joint >Morse taper joint) were associated with MBL ≥1 mm. Peri-implantitis rates at the implant level were 3.99% (95%CI = 3.93-20.5) in FSI-FDP group and 3.85% (95%CI = 3.85-34.3) in FTI-FDP group with no significance. CONCLUSIONS It was concluded that FSI-FDP and FTI-FDP implants exhibited comparable MBL; however, the risk of MBL ≥1 mm in FTI-FDPs was lower than in FSI-FDPs. Besides, implant-abutment connection was the risk indicator of MBL ≥1 mm. In peri-implantitis rate, FSI-FDPs and FTI-FDPs behave similarly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukari Oda
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Implantology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gentaro Mori
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Implantology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinya Honma
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Implantology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taichi Ito
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Implantology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshikazu Iijima
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Implantology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasutomo Yajima
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Implantology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
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10
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Pardal-Peláez B, Flores-Fraile J, Pardal-Refoyo JL, Montero J. Implant loss and crestal bone loss in early loading versus delayed and immediate loading in edentulous mandibles. A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Exp Dent 2021; 13:e397-e405. [PMID: 33841740 PMCID: PMC8020311 DOI: 10.4317/jced.57966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Information about the risk of early loss and crestal bone loss of dental implants which have been loaded early is scant if compared with data available for those conventionally or immediately loaded. A meta-analysis of early loss and crestal bone loss in immediate or delayed loaded full mandibular denture retaining dental implants has been recently published. It is interesting to evaluate also the risks of early versus immediate and delayed loading in complete mandibular restorations. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to study early (EL) versus immediate (IL) and delayed loading (DL) protocols in edentulous mandibles to determine whether differences exist in implant success and crestal bone loss.
Material and Methods The literature review was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Seven randomized clinical trials were included.
Results The result of a meta-analysis of implant loss before 1 year in EL versus IL was 0.34 (95% CI: 0.08, 1.52), favoring the EL control group, while the outcome for crestal bone loss at the three-year observation was -0.10 (95% CI: -0.28, 0.09), with a tendency toward reduced bone loss for EL. In the EL versus DL group, the result of the meta-analysis of implant loss before one year was inconclusive, while in the comparison regarding crestal bone loss in the first year of observation, the result was -0.03 (95% CI: -0.08,-0.02) with a tendency to less bone loss in EL.
Conclusions The risk of early implant loss in the IL group was higher than in the EL group. The results in terms of early implant loss in EL versus DL are inconclusive. Besides, crestal bone loss is greater in immediately and delayed loaded implants, at 1 and 3 years of observation, compared to those loaded early. Key words:Dental implants, early dental implant loading, dental prostheses, implant- supported, alveolar bone loss, meta-analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Pardal-Peláez
- DDS, PhD. Associate professor. Faculty of Medicine. Dental Clinic. Department of surgery. Alfonso X St. 37007. University of Salamanca. Salamanca. Spain
| | - Javier Flores-Fraile
- DDS, PhD. Associate professor. Faculty of Medicine. Dental Clinic. Department of surgery. Alfonso X St. 37007. University of Salamanca. Salamanca. Spain
| | - José-Luis Pardal-Refoyo
- MD, PhD. Honorary collaborating professor. Faculty of Medicine. IBSAL (Salamanca Biomedical Research Institute) member. University assistance complex of Salamanca. Salamanca. Spain
| | - Javier Montero
- DDS, PhD. Lecturer of Stomatological Prosthesis. Faculty of Medicine. Dental Clinic. Department of surgery. Alfonso X St. 37007. University of Salamanca. Salamanca. Spain
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11
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Zhang CN, Zhu Y, Fan LF, Zhang X, Jiang YH, Gu YX. Intra- and inter-observer agreements in detecting peri-implant bone defects between periapical radiography and cone beam computed tomography: A clinical study. J Dent Sci 2020; 16:948-956. [PMID: 34141109 PMCID: PMC8189872 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2020.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Information regarding agreements between periapical radiograph (PA) and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in detecting peri-implant defect is still scarce. The aim of this clinical study was to compare agreements between PA and CBCT in detecting peri-implant bone defect. Materials and methods This retrospective clinical study enrolled 32 patients with both PA and CBCT filmed right after implant placement. Four modalities were used for film reading: PA1 (original), PA2 (enhanced brightness/contrast), CBCT1 (selected axial and mesial-distal direction images) and CBCT2 (all data with software). 2 experienced and 2 inexperienced observers scored all films. Intra- and inter-observer agreements were estimated with Cohen's kappa coefficient. Categorized agreements were compared and differences among four modalities were calculated. Results Agreements of PA were better than CBCT when detecting peri-implant bone defects in inter-observer agreements (median kappa 0.471 vs. 0.192; p = 0.016). Moreover, agreements in experienced observers were better than inexperienced observers (median kappa 0.883 vs. 0.567; p < 0.001). There was significant difference among four modalities except for experienced observer 2 (p = 0.218). Conclusion Agreements of PA are better than CBCT when detecting peri-implant bone defects, especially for inter-observer agreements. Experienced observers are more consistent in assessment than inexperienced ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu-Nan Zhang
- Department of Implant Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Implant Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin-Feng Fan
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Implant Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yin-Hua Jiang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Implantology, Lishui Sixth People's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China
| | - Ying-Xin Gu
- Department of Implant Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
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12
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Schmid E, Morandini M, Roccuzzo A, Ramseier CA, Sculean A, Salvi GE. Clinical and radiographic outcomes of implant‐supported fixed dental prostheses with cantilever extension. A retrospective cohort study with a follow‐up of at least 10 years. Clin Oral Implants Res 2020; 31:1243-1252. [DOI: 10.1111/clr.13672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Schmid
- Department of Periodontology School of Dental Medicine University of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Michele Morandini
- Department of Periodontology School of Dental Medicine University of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Andrea Roccuzzo
- Department of Periodontology School of Dental Medicine University of Bern Bern Switzerland
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet) Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Christoph A. Ramseier
- Department of Periodontology School of Dental Medicine University of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Anton Sculean
- Department of Periodontology School of Dental Medicine University of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Giovanni E. Salvi
- Department of Periodontology School of Dental Medicine University of Bern Bern Switzerland
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13
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Clinical Outcomes of Root-Analogue Implants Restored with Single Crowns or Fixed Dental Prostheses: A Retrospective Case Series. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9082346. [PMID: 32717843 PMCID: PMC7465378 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9082346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective was to investigate clinical and radiological outcomes of rehabilitations with root-analogue implants (RAIs). Patients restored with RAIs, supporting single crowns or fixed dental prostheses, were recruited for follow-up examinations. Besides clinical and esthetical evaluations, X-rays were taken and compared with the records. Patients were asked to evaluate the treatment using Visual Analogue Scales (VAS). For statistical analyses, mixed linear models were used. A total of 107 RAIs were installed in one dental office. Of these, 31 were available for follow-up examinations. For those remaining, survival has been verified via phone. RAIs were loaded after a mean healing time of 6.6 ± 2.5 months. 12.1 ± 6.9 months after loading, a mean marginal bone loss (MBL) of 1.20 ± 0.73 mm was measured. Progression of MBL significantly decreased after loading (p = 0.013). The mean pink and white esthetic score (PES/WES) was 15.35 ± 2.33 at follow-up. A survival rate of 94.4% was calculated after a mean follow-up of 18.9 ± 2.4 months after surgery. Immediate installation of RAIs does not seem to reduce MBL, as known from the literature regarding screw-type implants, and might not be recommended for daily routine. Nevertheless, they deliver esthetically satisfying results.
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14
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Pardal-Peláez B, Flores-Fraile J, Pardal-Refoyo JL, Montero J. Implant loss and crestal bone loss in immediate versus delayed load in edentulous mandibles: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Prosthet Dent 2020; 125:437-444. [PMID: 32276823 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2020.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The current trend is to shorten the loading times of dental implants. However, information about the risk of early loss of implants that have been loaded immediately is scant if compared with data available for those conventionally loaded. PURPOSE The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to study immediate (IL) and delayed loading (DL) protocols in edentulous mandibles to determine whether differences exist in implant success and crestal bone loss and to evaluate these possible differences in relation to the type of prosthesis and the splinting of the implants. MATERIAL AND METHODS The literature review was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library. Nine randomized clinical trials were included. RESULTS The result of a meta-analysis of implant loss before 1 year was 2.63 (95% CI: 1.22, 5.68), favoring the DL control group, while the outcome for crestal bone loss at the observation year was 0.42 (95% CI: -0.35, 1.20), with a tendency toward reduced bone loss for DL. CONCLUSIONS The risk of early loss in the IL group was higher than that in the DL group. For removable prostheses and nonsplinted implants, DL was preferred. The quality of scientific evidence significantly favors DL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Pardal-Peláez
- Associate Professor, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dental Clinic, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Javier Flores-Fraile
- Associate Professor, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dental Clinic, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - José Luis Pardal-Refoyo
- Honorary Collaborating Professor, Faculty of Medicine, IBSAL (Salamanca Biomedical Research Institute) Member, University Assistance Complex of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Javier Montero
- Lecturer of Stomatological Prosthesis, Faculty of Medicine, Dental Clinic, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
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15
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Balmer M, Spies BC, Kohal RJ, Hämmerle CHF, Vach K, Jung RE. Zirconia implants restored with single crowns or fixed dental prostheses: 5-year results of a prospective cohort investigation. Clin Oral Implants Res 2020; 31:452-462. [PMID: 31981374 DOI: 10.1111/clr.13581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the clinical and radiological outcomes of one-piece zirconia implants restored with single crowns (SCs) or fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) over an observation period of 5 years in function. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a prospective cohort investigation with two investigational centers, one-piece zirconia implants were placed in anterior and posterior sites. After a healing period of at least 2 months in the mandible and 4 months in the maxilla with immediate provisional reconstructions, the final all-ceramic SCs or three-unit FDPs were cemented. Patients were followed for 5 years. Clinical parameters and radiological measurements of the implants and the neighboring teeth were assessed. For the statistical analysis, linear mixed models were applied. RESULTS A total of 71 implants were placed in 60 patients. Sixty-three implants in 53 patients could be evaluated at the 5-year follow-up. Six patients with a total of seven implants were counted as dropouts. One implant did not achieve adequate osseointegration and had to be removed 5 weeks after implantation. The 5-year survival rate was calculated as 98.4% (95% CI 91.6, 99.9). The mean overall marginal bone loss from implant placement to the 5-year follow-up was 0.7 ± 0.6 mm. After an initial mean marginal loss before loading the implants (0.7 mm), no further statistically significant change in marginal bone level (p = .458) could be observed. CONCLUSION The investigated one-piece zirconia implant showed a high survival rate, very stable marginal bone, and mucosal margin levels after 5 years in function. Therefore, it can be considered safe and reliable for the reconstruction of implant-supported SCs or FDPs over a mid-term period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Balmer
- Clinic of Reconstructive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Benedikt C Spies
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralf-Joachim Kohal
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Kirstin Vach
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Center for Medical Biometry and Medical Informatics, Institute for Medical Biometry and Statistics, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ronald E Jung
- Clinic of Reconstructive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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16
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Park WB, Kang KL, Han JY. Factors influencing long-term survival rates of implants placed simultaneously with lateral maxillary sinus floor augmentation: A 6- to 20-year retrospective study. Clin Oral Implants Res 2019; 30:977-988. [PMID: 31306519 DOI: 10.1111/clr.13505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the long-term influence of residual bone height (RBH), sinus membrane perforation and the presence of voids on the survival of implants placed simultaneously with lateral maxillary sinus floor augmentation (MSFA). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 207 patients (613 implants) who underwent MSFA from 1999 to 2003 and followed up until 2018 were included in this study. RBH and marginal bone loss were assessed using a series of panoramic and periapical radiographs. Cumulative survival rates (CSR) with log-rank tests and hazard ratios of implant failure according to RBH, membrane perforation, and the presence of voids were assessed. RESULTS The overall 10-year and 20-year CSRs were 95% (95% CI: 84.95%-85.05%) and 85% (95% CI: 84.95%-85.05%), respectively. CSR was significantly higher for implants with ≥3 mm RBH (n = 260, 92.4%) than those with <3 mm RBH (n = 353, 78.8%) (p = .002). CSR of non-smoking group (n = 312, 90.0%) was higher than that of smoking group (n = 301, 77.1%) (p = .009). There was no significant difference in the hazard ratio of implant failure between the perforated membrane group (n = 245) and the non-perforated group (n = 368). In two out of 11 patients with voids, the inflammation of peri-implantitis progressed into voids, resulting in severe bone resorption. CONCLUSIONS The survival of implants placed in <3 mm of RBH, even though it showed a lower CSR, could be considered acceptable. Neither sinus membrane perforation nor the presence of voids appeared to affect implant survival as long as supportive maintenance therapy with proper oral hygiene was provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Bae Park
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.,Private Practice in Periodontics and Implant Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Lhi Kang
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-Young Han
- Department of Periodontology, Division of Dentistry, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
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17
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Ma S, Tawse‐Smith A, Brown SD, Duncan W. Immediately restored single implants in the aesthetic zone of the maxilla using a novel design: 5‐year results from a prospective single‐arm clinical trial. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2019; 21:344-351. [DOI: 10.1111/cid.12733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sunyoung Ma
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of DentistrySir John Walsh Research Institute, University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Andrew Tawse‐Smith
- Department of Oral Sciences, Faculty of DentistrySir John Walsh Research Institute, University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand
| | | | - Warwick Duncan
- Department of Oral Sciences, Faculty of DentistrySir John Walsh Research Institute, University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand
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