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Wang R, Liu X, Sun C, Hu B, Yang L, Liu Y, Geng D, Lin J, Li Y. Altered Neurovascular Coupling in Patients With Mitochondrial Myopathy, Encephalopathy, Lactic Acidosis, and Stroke-Like Episodes (MELAS): A Combined Resting-State fMRI and Arterial Spin Labeling Study. J Magn Reson Imaging 2024; 60:327-336. [PMID: 37795920 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.29035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coupling between neuronal activity and blood perfusion is termed neurovascular coupling (NVC), and it provides a potentially new mechanistic perspective into understanding numerous brain diseases. Although abnormal brain activity and blood supply have been separately reported in mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS), whether anomalous NVC would be present is unclear. PURPOSE To investigate NVC changes and potential neural basis in MELAS by combining resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) and arterial spin labeling (ASL). STUDY TYPE Prospective. SUBJECTS Twenty-four patients with MELAS (age: 29.8 ± 7.3 years) in the acute stage and 24 healthy controls (HCs, age: 26.4 ± 8.1 years). Additionally, 12 patients in the chronic stage were followed up. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 3.0 T, resting-state gradient-recalled echo-planar imaging and pseudo-continuous 3D ASL sequences. ASSESSMENT Amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF), fractional ALFF (fALFF), regional homogeneity (ReHo), and functional connectivity strength (FCS) were calculated from rs-fMRI, and cerebral blood flow (CBF) was computed from ASL. Global NVC was assessed by correlation coefficients of CBF-ALFF, CBF-fALFF, CBF-ReHo, and CBF-FCS. Regional NVC was also evaluated by voxel-wise and lesion-wise ratios of CBF/ALFF, CBF/fALFF, CBF/ReHo, and CBF/FCS. STATISTICAL TESTS Two-sample t-test, paired-sample t-test, Gaussian random fields correction. A P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Compared with HC, MELAS patients in acute stage showed significantly reduced global CBF-ALFF, CBF-fALFF, CBF-ReHo, and CBF-FCS coupling (P < 0.001). Altered CBF/ALFF, CBF/fALFF, CBF/ReHo, and CBF/FCS ratios were found mainly distributed in the middle cerebral artery territory in MELAS patients. In addition, significantly increased NVC ratios were found in the acute stroke-like lesions in acute stage (P < 0.001), with a recovery trend in chronic stage. DATA CONCLUSIONS This study showed dynamic alterations in NVC in MELAS patients from acute to chronic stage, which may provide a novel insight for understanding the pathogenesis of MELAS. EVIDENCE LEVEL 2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Wang
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Functional and Molecular Medical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueling Liu
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Functional and Molecular Medical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chong Sun
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Functional and Molecular Medical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liqin Yang
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Functional and Molecular Medical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiru Liu
- Luhang High School, Shanghai, China
| | - Daoying Geng
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Functional and Molecular Medical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxin Li
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Functional and Molecular Medical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Gangemi A, Fabio RA, Suriano R, De Luca R, Marra A, Tomo M, Quartarone A, Calabrò RS. Does Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Affect Potential P300-Related Events in Vascular Dementia? Considerations from a Pilot Study. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1290. [PMID: 38927497 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular dementia, the second most common type of dementia, currently lacks a definitive cure. In the pursuit of therapies aimed at slowing its progression and alleviating symptoms, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) emerges as a promising approach, characterized by its non-invasive nature and the ability to promote brain plasticity. In this study, the primary objective was to investigate the effects of a two-week cycle of tDCS on the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and neurophysiological functioning in thirty patients diagnosed with vascular dementia. Each participant was assigned to one of two groups: the experimental group, which received anodal tDCS to stimulate DPCFL, and the control group, which received sham tDCS. Neurophysiological functions were assessed before and after tDCS using P300 event-related potentials (ERPs), while neuropsychological function was evaluated through a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). The results showed a reduction in P300 latency, indicating a faster cognitive process; an increase in P300 amplitude, suggesting a stronger neural response to cognitive stimuli; and a significant improvement in MMSE scores compared to the control group, indicating an overall enhancement in cognitive functions. These findings suggest that tDCS could represent a promising therapeutic option for improving both neurophysiological and cognitive aspects in patients with vascular dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Gangemi
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", S.S. 113, Cda Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Rosa Angela Fabio
- Department of Cognitive, Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences and Cultural Studies, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy
| | - Rossella Suriano
- Department of Cognitive, Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences and Cultural Studies, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy
| | - Rosaria De Luca
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", S.S. 113, Cda Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Angela Marra
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", S.S. 113, Cda Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Mariangela Tomo
- Grande Ospedale Metropolitano "Bianchi-Melacrino-Morelli", 89124 Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Angelo Quartarone
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", S.S. 113, Cda Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
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Song J. BDNF Signaling in Vascular Dementia and Its Effects on Cerebrovascular Dysfunction, Synaptic Plasticity, and Cholinergic System Abnormality. J Lipid Atheroscler 2024; 13:122-138. [PMID: 38826183 PMCID: PMC11140249 DOI: 10.12997/jla.2024.13.2.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second most common type of dementia and is characterized by memory impairment, blood-brain barrier disruption, neuronal cell loss, glia activation, impaired synaptic plasticity, and cholinergic system abnormalities. To effectively prevent and treat VaD a good understanding of the mechanisms underlying its neuropathology is needed. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is an important neurotrophic factor with multiple functions in the systemic circulation and the central nervous system and is known to regulate neuronal cell survival, synaptic formation, glia activation, and cognitive decline. Recent studies indicate that when compared with normal subjects, patients with VaD have low serum BDNF levels and that BDNF deficiency in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid is an important indicator of VaD. Here, we review current knowledge on the role of BDNF signaling in the pathology of VaD, such as cerebrovascular dysfunction, synaptic dysfunction, and cholinergic system impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhyun Song
- Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
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Zhang Z, Lim MJR. Incident Dementia After Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 99:41-51. [PMID: 38640161 DOI: 10.3233/jad-240111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Post-stroke cognitive impairment and dementia (PSCID) is a complication that affects long-term functional outcomes after stroke. Studies on dementia after long-term follow-up in stroke have focused predominantly on ischemic stroke, which may be different from the development of dementia after spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). In this review, we summarize the existing data and hypotheses on the development of dementia after spontaneous ICH, review the management of post-ICH dementia, and suggest areas for future research. Dementia after spontaneous ICH has a cumulative incidence of up to 32.0-37.4% at 5 years post-ICH. Although the pathophysiology of post-ICH dementia has not been fully understood, two main theoretical frameworks can be considered: 1) the triggering role of ICH (both primary and secondary brain injury) in precipitating cognitive decline and dementia; and 2) the contributory role of pre-existing brain pathology (including small vessel disease and neurodegenerative pathology), reduced cognitive reserve, and genetic factors predisposing to cognitive dysfunction. These pathophysiological pathways may have synergistic effects that converge on dysfunction of the neurovascular unit and disruptions in functional connectivity leading to dementia post-ICH. Management of post-ICH dementia may include screening and monitoring, cognitive therapy, and pharmacotherapy. Non-invasive brain stimulation is an emerging therapeutic modality under investigation for safety and efficacy. Our review highlights that there remains a paucity of data and standardized reporting on incident dementia after spontaneous ICH. Further research is imperative for determining the incidence, risk factors, and pathophysiology of post-ICH dementia, in order to identify new therapies for the treatment of this debilitating condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheting Zhang
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
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Yao T, Xie L, Xie Y, Jiang J, Deng Q, Wang J, Liu L, Wu D. Protective effects of Zishen Huoxue recipe against neuronal injury in the neurovascular unit of rats with vascular dementia by interfering with inflammatory cascade-induced pyroptosis. Neuropeptides 2023; 102:102358. [PMID: 37562086 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2023.102358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chinese herbal formulas show considerable therapeutic benefits in dementia. This study specifically explored the protective action of Zishen Huoxue recipe on the neurovascular unit (NVU) of rats with vascular dementia (VD). METHODS VD rat models were established by permanent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion and treated with Zishen Huoxue recipe. In vitro glucose‑oxygen deprivation (OGD)-injured NVU models were established and treated with miR-124-3p agomir or rat medicated serum. The neurological damage, histopathological changes, and neuronal injury in the rat hippocampus were assessed using Morris water maze test and histological stainings. Expression of miR-124-3p was determined using RT-qPCR. The blood-brain barrier/NVU injury, cell pyroptosis, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and release of inflammatory factors were analyzed mainly by immunofluorescence analysis, TUNEL staining, Western blot, and ELISA. QS-21 (an NLRP3 activator) was used to verify the role of miR-124-3p/NLRP3. RESULTS Zishen Huoxue recipe ameliorated the learning/memory deficits, neuronal injury, NVU insults, cell pyroptosis, activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, and extensive secretion of lactate dehydrogenase/IL-1β/IL-18 in VD rats. miR-124-3p was downregulated in VD rats but upregulated after treatment of this recipe. miR-124-3p overexpression ameliorated NVU insults, reduced cell pyroptosis, lowered NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and suppressed inflammatory responses in OGD-injured NVU models. NLRP3 inflammasome activation partly counteracted the amelioration effect of miR-124-3p on pyroptosis. Zishen Huoxue recipe could upregulate miR-124-3p to suppress pyroptosis and protect NVU function. CONCLUSION Zishen Huoxue recipe can upregulate miR-124-3p expression to repress the inflammatory cascade-evoked pyroptosis, thereby protecting against neuronal injury in the NVU of VD rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yao
- Department of Neurology, Hunan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, No. 58 Lushan Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410006, Hunan Province, China
| | - Le Xie
- Department of Neurology, Hunan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, No. 58 Lushan Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410006, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yao Xie
- Department of Neurology, Hunan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, No. 58 Lushan Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410006, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jinlin Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Hunan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, No. 58 Lushan Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410006, Hunan Province, China
| | - Qian Deng
- Teaching and Residency Program Office, Hunan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, No. 58 Lushan Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410006, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Neurology, Hunan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, No. 58 Lushan Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410006, Hunan Province, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Neurology, Hunan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, No. 58 Lushan Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410006, Hunan Province, China
| | - Dahua Wu
- Department of Neurology, Hunan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, No. 58 Lushan Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410006, Hunan Province, China.
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Zhou R, Li J, Wang R, Chen Z, Zhou F. The neurovascular unit in healthy and injured spinal cord. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2023; 43:1437-1455. [PMID: 37190756 PMCID: PMC10414016 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x231172008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The neurovascular unit (NVU) reflects the close temporal and spatial link between neurons and blood vessels. However, the understanding of the NVU in the spinal cord is far from clear and largely based on generalized knowledge obtained from the brain. Herein, we review the present knowledge of the NVU and highlight candidate approaches to investigate the NVU, particularly focusing on the spinal cord. Several unique features maintain the highly regulated microenvironment in the NVU. Autoregulation and neurovascular coupling ensure regional blood flow meets the metabolic demand according to the blood supply or local neural activation. The blood-central nervous system barrier partitions the circulating blood from neural parenchyma and facilitates the selective exchange of substances. Furthermore, we discuss spinal cord injury (SCI) as a common injury from the perspective of NVU dysfunction. Hopefully, this review will help expand the understanding of the NVU in the spinal cord and inspire new insights into SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubing Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Junzhao Li
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Ruideng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengyang Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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Freitas-Andrade M, Comin CH, Van Dyken P, Ouellette J, Raman-Nair J, Blakeley N, Liu QY, Leclerc S, Pan Y, Liu Z, Carrier M, Thakur K, Savard A, Rurak GM, Tremblay MÈ, Salmaso N, da F Costa L, Coppola G, Lacoste B. Astroglial Hmgb1 regulates postnatal astrocyte morphogenesis and cerebrovascular maturation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4965. [PMID: 37587100 PMCID: PMC10432480 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40682-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes are intimately linked with brain blood vessels, an essential relationship for neuronal function. However, astroglial factors driving these physical and functional associations during postnatal brain development have yet to be identified. By characterizing structural and transcriptional changes in mouse cortical astrocytes during the first two postnatal weeks, we find that high-mobility group box 1 (Hmgb1), normally upregulated with injury and involved in adult cerebrovascular repair, is highly expressed in astrocytes at birth and then decreases rapidly. Astrocyte-selective ablation of Hmgb1 at birth affects astrocyte morphology and endfoot placement, alters distribution of endfoot proteins connexin43 and aquaporin-4, induces transcriptional changes in astrocytes related to cytoskeleton remodeling, and profoundly disrupts endothelial ultrastructure. While lack of astroglial Hmgb1 does not affect the blood-brain barrier or angiogenesis postnatally, it impairs neurovascular coupling and behavior in adult mice. These findings identify astroglial Hmgb1 as an important player in postnatal gliovascular maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cesar H Comin
- Federal University of São Carlos, Department of Computer Science, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Peter Van Dyken
- Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Julie Ouellette
- Neuroscience Program, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Joanna Raman-Nair
- Neuroscience Program, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Nicole Blakeley
- Neuroscience Program, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Qing Yan Liu
- National Research Council of Canada, Human Health and Therapeutics, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Sonia Leclerc
- National Research Council of Canada, Human Health and Therapeutics, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Youlian Pan
- Digital Technologies, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Ziying Liu
- Digital Technologies, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Micaël Carrier
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Karan Thakur
- Neuroscience Program, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Alexandre Savard
- Neuroscience Program, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Gareth M Rurak
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Marie-Ève Tremblay
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Natalina Salmaso
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Luciano da F Costa
- University of São Paulo, São Carlos Institute of Physics, FCM-USP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Baptiste Lacoste
- Neuroscience Program, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
- Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
- University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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Kim MS, Kim BY, Kim JI, Lee J, Jeon WK. Mumefural Improves Recognition Memory and Alters ERK-CREB-BDNF Signaling in a Mouse Model of Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion. Nutrients 2023; 15:3271. [PMID: 37513692 PMCID: PMC10383324 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment resulting from chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) is known as vascular dementia (VaD) and is associated with cerebral atrophy and cholinergic deficiencies. Mumefural (MF), a bioactive compound found in a heated fruit of Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc, was recently found to improve cognitive impairment in a rat CCH model. However, additional evidence is necessary to validate the efficacy of MF administration for treating VaD. Therefore, we evaluated MF effects in a mouse CCH model using unilateral common carotid artery occlusion (UCCAO). Mice were subjected to UCCAO or sham surgery and orally treated with MF daily for 8 weeks. Behavioral tests were used to investigate cognitive function and locomotor activity. Changes in body and brain weights were measured, and levels of hippocampal proteins (brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), cyclic AMP-response element-binding protein (CREB), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE)) were assessed. Additionally, proteomic analysis was conducted to examine the alterations in protein profiles induced by MF treatment. Our study showed that MF administration significantly improved cognitive deficits. Brain atrophy was attenuated and MF treatment reversed the increase in AChE levels. Furthermore, MF significantly upregulated p-ERK/ERK, p-CREB/CREB, and BDNF levels after UCCAO. Thus, MF treatment ameliorates CCH-induced cognitive impairment by regulating ERK/CREB/BDNF signaling, suggesting that MF is a therapeutic candidate for treating CCH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Soo Kim
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biohealth Regulatory Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Bu-Yeo Kim
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Im Kim
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Won Kyung Jeon
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
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Wang Y, Du W, Sun Y, Zhang J, Ma C, Jin X. CRTC1 is a potential target to delay aging-induced cognitive deficit by protecting the integrity of the blood-brain barrier via inhibiting inflammation. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2023; 43:1042-1059. [PMID: 37086081 PMCID: PMC10291461 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x231169133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
Aging can cause attenuation in the functioning of multiple organs, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown could promote the occurrence of disorders of the central nervous system during aging. Since inflammation is considered to be an important factor underlying BBB injury during aging, vascular endothelial cell senescence serves as a critical pathological basis for the destruction of BBB integrity. In the current review, we have first introduced the concepts related to aging-induced cognitive deficit and BBB integrity damage. Thereafter, we reviewed the potential relationship between disruption of BBB integrity and cognition deficit and the role of inflammation, vascular endothelial cell senescence, and BBB injury. We have also briefly introduced the function of CREB-regulated transcription co-activator 1 (CRTC1) in cognition and aging-induced CRTC1 changes as well as the critical roles of CRTC1/cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in regulating inflammation, endothelial cell senescence, and BBB injury. Finally, the underlying mechanisms have been summarized and we propose that CRTC1 could be a promising target to delay aging-induced cognitive deficit by protecting the integrity of BBB through promoting inhibition of inflammation-mediated endothelial cell senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Wang
- Department of Neurology, the Second Hospital of Jiaxing City, Jiaxing, China
| | - Weihong Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyun Sun
- Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Junfang Zhang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Chaolin Ma
- School of Life Science and Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xinchun Jin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Kim SY, Kim YJ, Cho SY, Lee HG, Kwon S, Park SU, Jung WS, Moon SK, Park JM, Cho KH, Ko CN. Efficacy of Artemisia annua Linné in improving cognitive impairment in a chronic cerebral hypoperfusion-induced vascular dementia animal model. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 112:154683. [PMID: 36738479 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second most common type of dementia after Alzheimer's disease. Currently, no FDA-approved drugs are available for the treatment of VaD. Artemisia annua Linné (AA) is known to have antioxidant properties, but its effects and mechanisms of action on cognitive impairment are still unknown. PURPOSE In this study, the improvement in cognitive impairment by AA in terms of protection against oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and preservation of the integrity of the neurovascular unit (NVU) was assessed in an animal model of VaD with bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO). METHODS Eight-week-old male Wistar rats were allowed to adapt for four weeks, and BCCAO was induced at 12 weeks of age. The rats were randomly assigned into four groups, with seven rats in each group: sham group without BCCAO, VaD group that received oral administration of distilled water after BCCAO surgery, and two AA groups that received oral administration of 150 mg/kg or 750 mg/kg AA after BCCAO surgery for 8 weeks. Nine weeks after BCCAO surgery, the cognitive function of the rats was evaluated and accumulated oxidative stress was assessed by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and western blotting. Damage to the components of the NVU was evaluated, and sirtuin (Sirt) 1 and 2 expression and nuclear factor-erythrocyte 2-associated factor 2 (Nrf2)/Kelch-like ECH-associated protein1 (Keap1) activation were investigated to assess the reduction in cell signaling and antioxidant pathways. RESULTS BCCAO-induced cerebral perfusion decreased memory function and induced neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. But AA treatment mitigated cognitive impairment and reduced neuroinflammation and oxidative stress caused by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. AA extracts activated the Nrf2/Keap1/activating antioxidant response elements pathway and maintained Sirt 1 and 2, subsequently leading to the maintenance of neurons, improved construct of microvessels, increased platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta, and platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 associated with the blood-brain barrier integrity. CONCLUSION AA is effective in alleviating BCCAO-induced cognitive decline and its administration may be a useful therapeutic approach for VaD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo-Young Kim
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Jung Kim
- College of Nursing Science, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Yeon Cho
- Department of Cardiology and Neurology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Stroke and Neurological Disorders Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University, 892 Dongnam-ro, Gangdong-gu, Seoul 05278, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Gyul Lee
- Department of Cardiology and Neurology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungwon Kwon
- Department of Cardiology and Neurology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Uk Park
- Department of Cardiology and Neurology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Stroke and Neurological Disorders Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University, 892 Dongnam-ro, Gangdong-gu, Seoul 05278, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Sang Jung
- Department of Cardiology and Neurology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Kwan Moon
- Department of Cardiology and Neurology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Mi Park
- Department of Cardiology and Neurology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Stroke and Neurological Disorders Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University, 892 Dongnam-ro, Gangdong-gu, Seoul 05278, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Ho Cho
- Department of Cardiology and Neurology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Nam Ko
- Department of Cardiology and Neurology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Stroke and Neurological Disorders Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University, 892 Dongnam-ro, Gangdong-gu, Seoul 05278, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Huang D, Guo Y, Guan X, Pan L, Zhu Z, Chen Z, Dijkhuizen RM, Duering M, Yu F, Boltze J, Li P. Recent advances in arterial spin labeling perfusion MRI in patients with vascular cognitive impairment. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2023; 43:173-184. [PMID: 36284489 PMCID: PMC9903225 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x221135353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment (CI) is a major health concern in aging populations. It impairs patients' independent life and may progress to dementia. Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) encompasses all cerebrovascular pathologies that contribute to cognitive impairment (CI). Moreover, the majority of CI subtypes involve various aspects of vascular dysfunction. Recent research highlights the critical role of reduced cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the progress of VCI, and the detection of altered CBF may help to detect or even predict the onset of VCI. Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is a non-invasive, non-ionizing perfusion MRI technique for assessing CBF qualitatively and quantitatively. Recent methodological advances enabling improved signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and data acquisition have led to an increase in the use of ASL to assess CBF in VCI patients. Combined with other imaging modalities and biomarkers, ASL has great potential for identifying early VCI and guiding prediction and prevention strategies. This review focuses on recent advances in ASL-based perfusion MRI for identifying patients at high risk of VCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Research Center, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunlu Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Research Center, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyu Guan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Research Center, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijun Pan
- Department of Radiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziyu Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Research Center, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zeng’ai Chen
- Department of Radiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rick M Dijkhuizen
- Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marco Duering
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
- Medical Image Analysis Center (MIAC) and qbig, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Fang Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Westchester Medical Center, New York Medical College, NY, USA
| | - Johannes Boltze
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Peiying Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Research Center, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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12
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Peng L, Hu G, Yao Q, Wu J, He Z, Law BYK, Hu G, Zhou X, Du J, Wu A, Yu L. Microglia autophagy in ischemic stroke: A double-edged sword. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1013311. [PMID: 36466850 PMCID: PMC9708732 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1013311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is one of the major types of cerebrovascular diseases causing neurological morbidity and mortality worldwide. In the pathophysiological process of IS, microglia play a beneficial role in tissue repair. However, it could also cause cellular damage, consequently leading to cell death. Inflammation is characterized by the activation of microglia, and increasing evidence showed that autophagy interacts with inflammation through regulating correlative mediators and signaling pathways. In this paper, we summarized the beneficial and harmful effects of microglia in IS. In addition, we discussed the interplay between microglia autophagy and ischemic inflammation, as along with its application in the treatment of IS. We believe this could help to provide the theoretical references for further study into IS and treatments in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Peng
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Medicine Imaging, School of Clinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Guangqiang Hu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qianfang Yao
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jianming Wu
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ziyang He
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Betty Yuen-Kwan Law
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Guishan Hu
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaogang Zhou
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Junrong Du
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Anguo Wu
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Lu Yu
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Medicine Imaging, School of Clinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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13
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Zhang P, He S, Wu S, Li Y, Wang H, Yan C, Yang H, Li P. Discovering a Multi-Component Combination against Vascular Dementia from Danshen-Honghua Herbal Pair by Spectrum-Effect Relationship Analysis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15091073. [PMID: 36145294 PMCID: PMC9505896 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Danshen-Honghua (DH) herbal pair exhibits a synergistic effect in protecting the cerebrovascular system from ischemia/reperfusion injury, but the therapeutic effect on vascular dementia (VaD) has not been clarified, and the main active ingredient group has not been clarified. In this work, the chemical constituents in DH herbal pair extract were characterized by UHPLC-QTOF MS, and a total of 72 compounds were identified. Moreover, the DH herbal pair alleviated phenylhydrazine (PHZ)-induced thrombosis and improved bisphenol F (BPF)- and ponatinib-induced brain injury in zebrafish. Furthermore, the spectrum-effect relationship between the fingerprint of the DH herbal pair and the antithrombotic and neuroprotective efficacy was analyzed, and 11 chemical components were screened out as the multi-component combination (MCC) against VaD. Among them, the two compounds with the highest content were salvianolic acid B (17.31 ± 0.20 mg/g) and hydroxysafflor yellow A (15.85 ± 0.19 mg/g). Finally, we combined these 11 candidate compounds as the MCC and found that it could improve thrombosis and neuronal injury in three zebrafish models and rat bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) model, which had similar efficacy compared to the DH herbal pair. This study provides research ideas for the treatment of VaD and the clinical application of the DH herbal pair.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hua Yang
- Correspondence: or (H.Y.); or (P.L.); Tel./Fax: +86-25-8327-1379 (P.L.)
| | - Ping Li
- Correspondence: or (H.Y.); or (P.L.); Tel./Fax: +86-25-8327-1379 (P.L.)
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14
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de Almeida Faria ACR, Dall'Agnol JF, Gouveia AM, de Paiva CI, Segalla VC, Baena CP. Risk factors for cognitive decline in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Brazil: a prospective observational study. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2022; 14:105. [PMID: 35897033 PMCID: PMC9327152 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-022-00872-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients are twice as likely to develop dementia. The study's goal was to evaluate cognitive performance and risk factors for cognitive decline in this population. METHODS Prospective observational study was conducted with 400 T2DM adults, of whom, during routine baseline and follow-up appointments, had socio-demographic, clinical, and laboratory data collected, and underwent physical examination, screening for depression symptoms (Patient Health Questionaire-9-PHQ-9), and cognitive tests: Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Semantic Verbal Fluency Test, Trail Making Test A/B, and Word Memory Tests. Each cognitive test score was converted to a z-score and its average resulted in a new variable called Global Cognitive z-Score [GCS(z)]. Averages of the cognitive test scores and GCS(z) at both moments were compared by the Student's T-Test for paired samples. Multivariate binary logistic regression models were built to assess the association of GCS(z) < zero with risk factors for cognitive decline at the baseline and follow-up. RESULTS After exclusions, 251 patients were eligible, being 56.6% female, mean age of 61.1 (± 9.8) years, 12.6 (± 8.9) years of DM duration, and 7.6 (± 4.2) years of school education. Follow-up had 134 patients reevaluated and took place after a mean of 18.4(± 5.0) months. Eleven (14%) patients with a GCS(z) ≥ 0 at baseline turned into a GCS(z) < 0 at follow-up. There were no significant differences between the means of cognitive test scores and GCS(z) at the two evaluation moments. At the baseline, the multivariate logistic regression model identified five risk factors associated with GCS(z) < zero: age ≥ 65 years, schooling ≤ 6 years, arterial hypertension, depression symptoms, and diabetic retinopathy (DR), with odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI95%) respectively: 5.46 (2.42-12.34); 12.19 (5.62-26.46); 2.55 (0.88-7.39); 3.53 (1.55-8.07) e 2.50 (1.18-5.34). At follow-up, the risk factors for GCS(z) < zero were: schooling ≤ 6 years, DM duration ≥ 10 years, depression symptoms, arterial hypertension, and cardiovascular disease (CVD), OR and CI95% respectively: 10.15 (3.68-28.01); 2.68 (0.96-7.48); 4.92 (1.77-13.70); 7.21 (1.38-35.71) e 5.76 (1.93-17.18). CONCLUSIONS Based on our results, cognitive evaluation and follow-up should be incorporated on the routine of T2DM patients, especially for those with advanced age, low education level, prolonged DM duration, arterial hypertension, depression symptoms, CVD, and DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cristina Ravazzani de Almeida Faria
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Rua Imaculada Conceição, 1155, Curitiba, 80215-901, Brazil
- School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Joceline Franco Dall'Agnol
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Rua Imaculada Conceição, 1155, Curitiba, 80215-901, Brazil
| | - Aline Maciel Gouveia
- School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Clara Inácio de Paiva
- School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Cristina Pellegrino Baena
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Rua Imaculada Conceição, 1155, Curitiba, 80215-901, Brazil.
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15
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Transcutaneous Electrical Acupoint Stimulation Ameliorates Cognitive Function through PINK1/Parkin Mediated Mitophagy in VD Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:2810794. [PMID: 35692579 PMCID: PMC9187477 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2810794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated whether transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) could improve cognitive function in VD rats by regulating PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy. VD rat model was prepared by modified 2-vessel occlusion (2-VO) and randomly divided into four groups: Sham group (Sham), Model group (Model), TEAS group (TEAS), and TEAS + 3-MA group (T +3 -MA). In the T +3 -MA group, autophagy inhibitor (3-MA) was injected into the lateral ventricle. After modeling, Y maze (YM), new object recognition test (NORT), Morris water maze (MWM), immunofluorescence, and Western blot were used to observe the effects of TEAS on VD rats. Behavioral experiments revealed that TEAS effectively improved the learning and memory ability of VD rats. Immunofluorescence results showed that TEAS could upregulate LC3 expression. Western blot results showed that TEAS upregulated the expression of PINK1, Parkin, and LC3-II, and downregulated the expression of LC3-I and p62 in VD rats. T +3 -MA group shows the opposite trend to TEAS group. This study demonstrates that TEAS ameliorates cognitive function through PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy in VD rats.
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16
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Li YL, Cheng F, Chen Y, Wang J, Xiao ZD, Han Y. The effectiveness and safety of Naoxintong capsules in the treatment of vascular dementia: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e27930. [PMID: 34964769 PMCID: PMC8615423 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000027930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional Chinese medicine Naoxintong capsules have achieved good results in the treatment of vascular dementia, but there is no evidence-based medical evidence on the effectiveness and safety of the drug. Therefore, this study uses meta-analysis method to systematically evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Naoxintong capsules in the treatment of vascular dementia, with the aim of providing scientific guidance for clinical treatment and practice. METHODS This study retrieves a total of 7 network electronic databases, including 4 Chinese databases: China biomedical literature database, CNKI, Chongqing VIP database and WANFANG database, and three English databases: PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library. Using the combination of theme words and key words to retrieve the Chinese and English database, the literature is searched from January 1, 1990 to October 1, 2021. Two researchers independently sift through the literature, extract data and evaluate the bias risk included in the study, and in the event of a disagreement, the third researcher is invited to discuss the decision, followed by meta-analysis using software RveMan 5.3 and Stata 12.0. RESULTS All findings of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed, high-quality academic journal of medicine. CONCLUSION The results of this study will provide evidence for clinicians to find effective and safe methods of treating vascular dementia in TCM. OSF REGISTRATION NUMBER DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/YVF72, https://osf.io/yvf72.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Lin Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Haibin People's Hospital of Binhai New Area, Binhai New Area, Tianjin, China
| | - Fang Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Haibin People's Hospital of Binhai New Area, Binhai New Area, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Haibin People's Hospital of Binhai New Area, Binhai New Area, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Haibin People's Hospital of Binhai New Area, Binhai New Area, Tianjin, China
| | - Zeng-Dong Xiao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Haibin People's Hospital of Binhai New Area, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Han
- Department of Endocrinology, Haibin People's Hospital of Binhai New Area, Binhai New Area, Tianjin, China
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17
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Xu R, He Q, Wang Y, Yang Y, Guo ZN. Therapeutic Potential of Remote Ischemic Conditioning in Vascular Cognitive Impairment. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:706759. [PMID: 34413726 PMCID: PMC8370253 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.706759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is a heterogeneous disease caused by a variety of cerebrovascular diseases. Patients with VCI often present with slower cognitive processing speed and poor executive function, which affects their independence in daily life, thus increasing social burden. Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) is a non-invasive and efficient intervention that triggers endogenous protective mechanisms to generate neuroprotection. Over the past decades, evidence from basic and clinical research has shown that RIC is promising for the treatment of VCI. To further our understanding of RIC and improve the management of VCI, we summarize the evidence on the therapeutic potential of RIC in relation to the risk factors and pathobiologies of VCI, including reducing the risk of recurrent stroke, decreasing high blood pressure, improving cerebral blood flow, restoring white matter integrity, protecting the neurovascular unit, attenuating oxidative stress, and inhibiting the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xu
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, Changchun, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Changchun, China
| | - Qianyan He
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, Changchun, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Changchun, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, Changchun, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Changchun, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, Changchun, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Changchun, China
| | - Zhen-Ni Guo
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, Changchun, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Changchun, China
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18
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Melrose J, Hayes AJ, Bix G. The CNS/PNS Extracellular Matrix Provides Instructive Guidance Cues to Neural Cells and Neuroregulatory Proteins in Neural Development and Repair. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115583. [PMID: 34070424 PMCID: PMC8197505 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. The extracellular matrix of the PNS/CNS is unusual in that it is dominated by glycosaminoglycans, especially hyaluronan, whose space filling and hydrating properties make essential contributions to the functional properties of this tissue. Hyaluronan has a relatively simple structure but its space-filling properties ensure micro-compartments are maintained in the brain ultrastructure, ensuring ionic niches and gradients are maintained for optimal cellular function. Hyaluronan has cell-instructive, anti-inflammatory properties and forms macro-molecular aggregates with the lectican CS-proteoglycans, forming dense protective perineuronal net structures that provide neural and synaptic plasticity and support cognitive learning. Aims. To highlight the central nervous system/peripheral nervous system (CNS/PNS) and its diverse extracellular and cell-associated proteoglycans that have cell-instructive properties regulating neural repair processes and functional recovery through interactions with cell adhesive molecules, receptors and neuroregulatory proteins. Despite a general lack of stabilising fibrillar collagenous and elastic structures in the CNS/PNS, a sophisticated dynamic extracellular matrix is nevertheless important in tissue form and function. Conclusions. This review provides examples of the sophistication of the CNS/PNS extracellular matrix, showing how it maintains homeostasis and regulates neural repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Melrose
- Raymond Purves Bone and Joint Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, Northern, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Anthony J. Hayes
- Bioimaging Research Hub, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK;
| | - Gregory Bix
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Center, Departments of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
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19
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Shi H, Sun F, Yang T, Peng M, Wang M, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Dong C, Yan Z, Si G, Wang W, Li Y. Construction of a ceRNA immunoregulatory network related to the development of vascular dementia through a weighted gene coexpression network analysis. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:858. [PMID: 34164492 PMCID: PMC8184445 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-1717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background To date, vascular dementia (VaD) lacks effective treatment in clinical practice. There is also growing evidence that VaD may be closely related to the immune response. The development of high-throughput technology, and the recently discovered group of new mediators called competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNA), provides a unique opportunity to study the immunomodulation of VaD. Methods In this study, we used gene expression profiles in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to obtain immune-related gene coexpression modules through a weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) and gene enrichment analysis. We extracted and merged long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and microRNA (miRNA) expressions from the GEO database and mapped them with related databases. Subsequently, we used Cytoscape to construct a lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network, and then we performed an enrichment analysis on the mRNAs in the network to determine their regulatory function. Subsequently, we used an ImmuCellAI immune infiltration analysis and constructed a ceRNA sub-network of related immune cells. Finally, we conducted a gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) to determine the potential regulatory pathways of the key factors. Results As a result, we identified the blue module as the key module of immunity and constructed the related CeRNA network. Immune infiltration analysis showed that natural killer T (NKT) cells may be the key immune cells of VaD. Using a Pearson correlation analysis, we identified that B4GALT1, PPP1R3B, MICB, HHAT, DSC2, DNA2, SCARA3, and lncRNA NEAT1 may be the key factors of VaD. Our subsequent GSEA analysis showed that lncRNA NEAT1 may be regulated by NK cells and toll-like receptors. Conclusions Our research provides new therapeutic targets for vascular dementia from the immunological perspective for the first time, including B4GALT1, PPP1R3B, MICB, HHAT, DSC2, DNA2, SCARA3, and lncRNA NEAT1, and our research hopes to provide new treatment options for VaD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongshuo Shi
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Fengshan Sun
- Department of Encephalopathy, Jinan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Tiantian Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Min Peng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Min Wang
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yao Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Chengda Dong
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhaojun Yan
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Guomin Si
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenbo Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, The 8th Clinical College (Weihai Central Hospital), Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yujie Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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