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Brandão MM, de Almeida Vieira F, Neves AGDS, dos Santos RM, de Carvalho D, Menezes EV, de Moreira PA, de Oliveira DA, Júnior AFDM, Royo VDA. Unraveling the genetic diversity of Ceiba pubiflora (Malvaceae) in isolated limestone outcrops: Conservation strategies. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299361. [PMID: 38557644 PMCID: PMC10984428 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests (SDTFs) located on limestone outcrops are vulnerable to degradation caused by timber logging and limestone extraction for cement production. Some of these forests represent the last remnants of native vegetation cover, functioning as isolated islands. Ceiba pubiflora (Malvaceae) is a tree frequently found on limestone outcrops in the central region of Brazil. This study aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity and identify suitable populations for the establishment of Management Units (MUs) for conservation. Inter-simple sequence repeat markers were employed to assess the genetic diversity in ten populations sampled from the Caatinga, Cerrado, and Atlantic Forest biomes. The species exhibited substantial genetic diversity (HT = 0.345; PLP = 97.89%). Populations SAH, JAN, and MON demonstrated elevated rates of polymorphic loci (> 84.2%) along with notable genetic diversity (He > 0.325). Additionally, these populations were the primary contributors to gene flow. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that most genetic variation occurs within populations (91.5%) than between them. In the Bayesian analysis, the ten populations were clustered into five groups, revealing the presence of at least three barriers to gene flow in the landscape: 1) the Central Plateau or Paranã River valley; 2) near the Espinhaço mountains or the São Francisco River valley; and 3) around the Mantiqueira mountain range, Chapada dos Veadeiros plateau, and disturbed areas. A positive and statistically significant correlation was observed between genetic (θB) and geographic distances (r = 0.425, p = 0.008). Based on these findings, we propose the establishment of Management Units in Minas Gerais state, encompassing the (1) southern region (MIN population), (2) central region (SAH population), and (3) north region (MON population), as well as in Goiás state, covering the (4) Central Plateau region. These units can significantly contribute to preserving the genetic diversity of these trees and protecting their habitat against ongoing threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murilo Malveira Brandão
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fábio de Almeida Vieira
- Academic Unit Specialized in Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Macaíba, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Abidã Gênesis da Silva Neves
- Academic Unit Specialized in Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Macaíba, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | | | - Dulcineia de Carvalho
- Department of Forest Science, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Elytania Veiga Menezes
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Abreu de Moreira
- Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Dario Alves de Oliveira
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Vanessa de Andrade Royo
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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2
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Van Rossum F, Le Pajolec S. Maternal effects and inbreeding depression in post-translocation progeny of Campanula glomerata. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2024; 26:427-436. [PMID: 38427439 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Evaluation of plant translocation success based on fitness-related quantitative traits combined with molecular markers may contribute to a finer assessment of inbreeding, selective and rescue processes, which might have long-term consequences for population dynamics and viability. We investigated fitness traits (seed germination, seedling viability, and juvenile growth and mortality) combined with 15 microsatellite loci of the first post-translocation seed progeny from two translocated populations of Campanula glomerata, an insect-pollinated, self-incompatible perennial herb. We examined whether inbreeding, heterosis through admixture, translocation site and maternal transplant seed source origin and lineage might affect seed quality and juvenile growth in controlled cultivation conditions. Flower production and seed germination of the transplants was higher in one of the two translocation sites, which might be related to differences in soil and vegetation composition and cover. Strong maternal effects related to seed source origin and lineage were found on progeny size, with the largest transplants producing the largest progeny. The differences in rosette diameter were maintained across the whole growth period measured. There was inbreeding depression (rather than heterosis) related to biparental inbreeding at the early progeny growth stage, also expressed through juvenile mortality. Our findings highlight that maternal transplant origin, especially when seed sources consisted of small, fragmented remnants, might have a selective value on fitness in the post-translocation generations. If maternal effects and inbreeding depression persist, they might affect global genetic diversity patterns in the long term. Further admixture in the next generations might buffer maternal and inbreeding effects or lead to outbreeding depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Van Rossum
- Meise Botanic Garden, Meise, Belgium
- Service général de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche scientifique, Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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Rose JP, Kim R, Schoenig EJ, Lien PC, Halstead BJ. Comparing reintroduction strategies for the endangered San Francisco gartersnake (Thamnophis sirtalis tetrataenia) using demographic models. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292379. [PMID: 37796777 PMCID: PMC10553336 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
For endangered species persisting in a few populations, reintroductions to unoccupied habitat are a popular conservation action to increase viability in the long term. Identifying the reintroduction strategy that is most likely to result in viable founder and donor populations is essential to optimally use resources available for conservation. The San Francisco gartersnake (Thamnophis sirtalis tetrataenia) is an endangered sub-species that persists in a small number of populations in a highly urbanized region of California. Most of the extant populations of San Francisco gartersnakes have low adult abundance and effective population size, heightening the need for establishment of more populations for insurance against the risk of extinction. We used simulations from demographic models to project the probability of quasi-extinction for reintroduced populations of San Francisco gartersnakes based on the release of neonate, juvenile, adult, or mixed-age propagules. Our simulation results indicated that the release of head-started juveniles resulted in the greatest viability of reintroduced populations, and that releases would need to continue for at least 15 years to ensure a low probability of quasi-extinction. Releasing captive-bred juvenile snakes would also have less effect on the viability of the donor population, compared to strategies that require more adult snakes to be removed from the donor population for translocation. Our models focus on snake demography, but the genetic makeup of donor, captive, and reintroduced populations will also be a major concern for any proposed reintroduction plan. This study demonstrates how modeling can be used to inform reintroduction strategies for highly imperiled species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan P. Rose
- U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America
| | - Richard Kim
- U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, Dixon, California, United States of America
| | - Elliot J. Schoenig
- U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, Dixon, California, United States of America
| | - Patrick C. Lien
- U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, Dixon, California, United States of America
| | - Brian J. Halstead
- U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, Dixon, California, United States of America
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Torres E, García-Fernández A, Iñigo D, Lara-Romero C, Morente-López J, Prieto-Benítez S, Rubio Teso ML, Iriondo JM. Facilitated Adaptation as A Conservation Tool in the Present Climate Change Context: A Methodological Guide. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1258. [PMID: 36986946 PMCID: PMC10053585 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Climate change poses a novel threat to biodiversity that urgently requires the development of adequate conservation strategies. Living organisms respond to environmental change by migrating to locations where their ecological niche is preserved or by adapting to the new environment. While the first response has been used to develop, discuss and implement the strategy of assisted migration, facilitated adaptation is only beginning to be considered as a potential approach. Here, we present a review of the conceptual framework for facilitated adaptation, integrating advances and methodologies from different disciplines. Briefly, facilitated adaptation involves a population reinforcement that introduces beneficial alleles to enable the evolutionary adaptation of a focal population to pressing environmental conditions. To this purpose, we propose two methodological approaches. The first one (called pre-existing adaptation approach) is based on using pre-adapted genotypes existing in the focal population, in other populations, or even in closely related species. The second approach (called de novo adaptation approach) aims to generate new pre-adapted genotypes from the diversity present in the species through artificial selection. For each approach, we present a stage-by-stage procedure, with some techniques that can be used for its implementation. The associated risks and difficulties of each approach are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Torres
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfredo García-Fernández
- Grupo de Ecología Evolutiva (ECOEVO), Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología, Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain
| | - Diana Iñigo
- Grupo de Ecología Evolutiva (ECOEVO), Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología, Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain
| | - Carlos Lara-Romero
- Grupo de Ecología Evolutiva (ECOEVO), Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología, Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain
| | - Javier Morente-López
- Grupo de Ecología Evolutiva (ECOEVO), Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología, Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación de Ecología y Evolución en Islas, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología (IPNA-CSIC), 38206 Tenerife, Spain
| | - Samuel Prieto-Benítez
- Grupo de Ecología Evolutiva (ECOEVO), Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología, Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain
- Ecotoxicology of Air Pollution, Environmental Department, CIEMAT, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luisa Rubio Teso
- Grupo de Ecología Evolutiva (ECOEVO), Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología, Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain
| | - José M. Iriondo
- Grupo de Ecología Evolutiva (ECOEVO), Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología, Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain
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Rutherford S, Wilson TC, Yap JYS, Lee E, Errington G, Rossetto M. Evolutionary processes in an undescribed eucalypt: implications for the translocation of a critically endangered species. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2022; 130:491-508. [PMID: 35802354 PMCID: PMC9510949 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcac091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Knowledge of the evolutionary processes responsible for the distribution of threatened and highly localized species is important for their conservation. Population genomics can provide insights into evolutionary processes to inform management practices, including the translocation of threatened plant species. In this study, we focus on a critically endangered eucalypt, Eucalyptus sp. Cattai, which is restricted to a 40-km2 area of Sydney, Australia, and is threatened by increased urbanization. Eucalyptus sp. Cattai has yet to be formally described in part due to its suspected hybrid origin. Here, we examined evolutionary processes and species boundaries in E. sp. Cattai to determine whether translocation was warranted. METHODS We used genome-wide scans to investigate the evolutionary relationships of E. sp. Cattai with related species, and to assess levels of genetic health and admixture. Morphological trait and genomic data were obtained from seedlings of E. sp. Cattai propagated in a common garden to assess their genetic provenance and hybrid status. KEY RESULTS All analyses revealed that E. sp. Cattai was strongly supported as a distinct species. Genetic diversity varied across populations, and clonality was unexpectedly high. Interspecific hybridization was detected, and was more prevalent in seedlings compared to in situ adult plants, indicating that post-zygotic barriers may restrict the establishment of hybrids. CONCLUSIONS Multiple evolutionary processes (e.g. hybridization and clonality) can operate within one rare and restricted species. Insights regarding evolutionary processes from our study were used to assist with the translocation of genetically 'pure' and healthy ex situ seedlings to nearby suitable habitat. Our findings demonstrate that it is vital to provide an understanding of evolutionary relationships and processes with an examination of population genomics in the design and implementation of an effective translocation strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Trevor C Wilson
- Research Centre for Ecosystem Resilience, Australian Institute of Botanic Science, Royal Botanic Garden Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jia-Yee Samantha Yap
- Research Centre for Ecosystem Resilience, Australian Institute of Botanic Science, Royal Botanic Garden Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Enhua Lee
- Biodiversity and Conservation Division, New South Wales Department of Planning and Environment, Sydney, Australia
| | - Graeme Errington
- Australian PlantBank, Australian Institute of Botanical Science, Australian Botanic Garden, Mount Annan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Maurizio Rossetto
- Research Centre for Ecosystem Resilience, Australian Institute of Botanic Science, Royal Botanic Garden Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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6
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Holl KD, Luong JC, Brancalion PHS. Overcoming biotic homogenization in ecological restoration. Trends Ecol Evol 2022; 37:777-788. [PMID: 35660115 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2022.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Extensive evidence shows that regional (gamma) diversity is often lower across restored landscapes than in reference landscapes, in part due to common restoration practices that favor widespread species through selection of easily-grown species with high survival and propagation practices that reduce genetic diversity. We discuss approaches to counteract biotic homogenization, such as reintroducing species that are adapted to localized habitat conditions and are unlikely to colonize naturally; periodically reintroducing propagules from remnant populations to increase genetic diversity; and reintroducing higher trophic level fauna to restore interaction networks and processes that promote habitat heterogeneity. Several policy changes would also increase regional diversity; these include regional coordination amongst restoration groups, financial incentives to organizations producing conservation-valued species, and experimental designations for rare species introductions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen D Holl
- Environmental Studies Department, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA.
| | - Justin C Luong
- Environmental Studies Department, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA
| | - Pedro H S Brancalion
- Department of Forest Sciences, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil
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7
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Van Rossum F. Sibship and parentage reconstruction as a genetic tool for designing and monitoring plant translocations. Restor Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabienne Van Rossum
- Meise Botanic Garden Nieuwelaan 38, 1860 Meise Belgium
- Service général de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche scientifique, Fédération Wallonie‐Bruxelles rue A. Lavallée 1, 1080 Brussels Belgium
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8
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Assessing the genetic consequences of habitat fragmentation on the federally threatened cheat mountain salamander (Plethodon nettingi): a comparative, multi-locus approach. CONSERV GENET 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-022-01449-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Van Rossum F, Le Pajolec S, Raspé O, Godé C. Assessing Population Genetic Status for Designing Plant Translocations. FRONTIERS IN CONSERVATION SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fcosc.2022.829332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Assisted gene flow interventions such as plant translocations are valuable complementary techniques to habitat restoration. Bringing new genetic variants can contribute to increasing genetic diversity and evolutionary resilience, counteract inbreeding depression and improve plant fitness through heterosis. Large, highly genetically variable populations are usually recommended as sources for translocation. Unfortunately, many critically endangered species only occur as small populations, which are expected to show low genetic variation, high inbreeding level, paucity of compatible mates in self-incompatible species, and increased genetic divergence. Therefore, assessment of population genetic status is required for an appropriate choice of the source populations. In this paper, we exemplify the different analyses relevant for genetic evaluation of populations combining both molecular (plastid and nuclear) markers and fitness-related quantitative traits. We assessed the genetic status of the adult generation and their seed progeny (the potential translocation founders) of small populations of Campanula glomerata (Campanulaceae), a self-incompatible insect-pollinated herbaceous species critically endangered in Belgium. Only a few small populations remain, so that the species has been part of a restoration project of calcareous grasslands implementing plant translocations. In particular, we estimated genetic diversity, inbreeding levels, genetic structure in adults and their seed progeny, recent bottlenecks, clonal extent in adults, contemporary gene flow, effective population size (Ne), and parentage, sibship and seed progeny fitness variation. Small populations of C. glomerata presented high genetic diversity, and extensive contemporary pollen flow within populations, with multiple parentage among seed progenies, and so could be good seed source candidates for translocations. As populations are differentiated from each other, mixing the sources will not only optimize the number of variants and of compatible mates in translocated populations, but also representativeness of species regional genetic diversity. Genetic diversity is no immediate threat to population persistence, but small Ne, restricted among-population gene flow, and evidence of processes leading to genetic erosion, inbreeding and inbreeding depression in the seed progeny require management measures to counteract these trends and stochastic vulnerability. Habitat restoration facilitating recruitment, flowering and pollination, reconnecting populations by biological corridors or stepping stones, and creating new populations through translocations in protected areas are particularly recommended.
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10
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Development of highly polymorphic microsatellite markers for Campanula glomerata L. (Campanulaceae). Mol Biol Rep 2021; 49:805-810. [PMID: 34689293 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06839-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Campanula glomerata L. (Campanulaceae) is a self-incompatible, insect-pollinated herb occurring in calcareous grasslands, and is declining and (critically) endangered in many parts of its European distribution range. It often exists as small and isolated populations. A recovery plan of C. glomerata has been implemented in southern Belgium, involving plant translocations. METHODS AND RESULTS We developed microsatellite markers using an enriched genomic library and characterized 16 loci in 111 individuals from eight populations. These 16 loci were highly polymorphic, with 11 to 31 alleles per locus for a total of 329 alleles, and expected heterozygosity (He) ranging from 0.470 to 0.938. CONCLUSIONS These highly polymorphic loci constitute a promising tool for detailed genetic analyses: assigning individuals to distinct multilocus genotypes will allow quantifying pollen dispersal, clonal propagation and sexual recruitment and identifying admixed seed progeny and their pollen donors. Evaluating the genetic status of existing populations and a genetic monitoring of the translocated populations will contribute to optimize success in restoring viable and evolutionary resilient populations.
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Hoban S, Bruford MW, Funk WC, Galbusera P, Griffith MP, Grueber CE, Heuertz M, Hunter ME, Hvilsom C, Stroil BK, Kershaw F, Khoury CK, Laikre L, Lopes-Fernandes M, MacDonald AJ, Mergeay J, Meek M, Mittan C, Mukassabi TA, O'Brien D, Ogden R, Palma-Silva C, Ramakrishnan U, Segelbacher G, Shaw RE, Sjögren-Gulve P, Veličković N, Vernesi C. Global Commitments to Conserving and Monitoring Genetic Diversity Are Now Necessary and Feasible. Bioscience 2021; 71:964-976. [PMID: 34475806 PMCID: PMC8407967 DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biab054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Global conservation policy and action have largely neglected protecting and monitoring genetic diversity—one of the three main pillars of biodiversity. Genetic diversity (diversity within species) underlies species’ adaptation and survival, ecosystem resilience, and societal innovation. The low priority given to genetic diversity has largely been due to knowledge gaps in key areas, including the importance of genetic diversity and the trends in genetic diversity change; the perceived high expense and low availability and the scattered nature of genetic data; and complicated concepts and information that are inaccessible to policymakers. However, numerous recent advances in knowledge, technology, databases, practice, and capacity have now set the stage for better integration of genetic diversity in policy instruments and conservation efforts. We review these developments and explore how they can support improved consideration of genetic diversity in global conservation policy commitments and enable countries to monitor, report on, and take action to maintain or restore genetic diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Hoban
- The Morton Arboretum, Center for Tree Science, Lisle, Illinois, United States
| | | | - W Chris Funk
- Department of Biology, Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States
| | - Peter Galbusera
- Royal Zoological Society of Antwerp, Centre for Research and Conservation, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Catherine E Grueber
- University of Sydney's School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Myriam Heuertz
- INRAE, and the University of Bordeaux, Biogeco, Cestas, France
| | - Margaret E Hunter
- US Geological Survey's Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | | | - Belma Kalamujic Stroil
- University of Sarajevo Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Laboratory for Molecular Genetics of Natural Resources, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Francine Kershaw
- Natural Resources Defense Council, New York, New York, United States
| | - Colin K Khoury
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture, Cali, Colombia
| | - Linda Laikre
- Department of Zoology, Division of Population Genetics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Anna J MacDonald
- Australian National University, John Curtin School of Medical Research and Research School of Biology, Canberra, Australia
| | - Joachim Mergeay
- Research Institute for Nature and Forest, Geraardsbergen, Belgium
| | - Mariah Meek
- Michigan State University Department of Integrative Biology, AgBio Research, Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior Program, East Lansing, Michigan, United States
| | - Cinnamon Mittan
- Cornell University's Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Ithaca, New York, United States
| | - Tarek A Mukassabi
- University of Benghazi Department of Botany, Faculty of Sciences, Benghazi, Libya
| | | | - Rob Ogden
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and with the Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | | | - Uma Ramakrishnan
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, National Centre for Biological Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Gernot Segelbacher
- Chair of wildlife ecology and management, University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Robyn E Shaw
- Department of Environmental and Conservation Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
| | - Per Sjögren-Gulve
- Wildlife Analysis Unit, Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nevena Veličković
- University of Novi Sad's Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Cristiano Vernesi
- Forest Ecology and Biogeochemical Fluxes Unit, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all' Adige, Italy
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Gargiulo R, Adamo M, Cribb PJ, Bartolucci F, Sarasan V, Alessandrelli C, Bona E, Ciaschetti G, Conti F, Di Cecco V, Di Martino L, Gentile C, Juan A, Magrini S, Mucciarelli M, Perazza G, Fay MF. Combining current knowledge of
Cypripedium calceolus
with a new analysis of genetic variation in Italian populations to provide guidelines for conservation actions. CONSERVATION SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/csp2.513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Martino Adamo
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology Università di Torino Torino Italy
| | | | - Fabrizio Bartolucci
- Floristic Research Center of the Apennine (University of Camerino – Gran Sasso and Laga Mountains National Park) Barisciano (L'Aquila) Italy
| | | | | | - Enzo Bona
- Centro Studi Naturalistici Bresciani, Museo di Scienze Naturali Brescia (BS) Italy
| | - Giampiero Ciaschetti
- Maiella National Park – Office for Plant Biodiversity Monitoring and Conservation Sulmona (AQ) Italy
| | - Fabio Conti
- Floristic Research Center of the Apennine (University of Camerino – Gran Sasso and Laga Mountains National Park) Barisciano (L'Aquila) Italy
| | - Valter Di Cecco
- Maiella National Park – Office for Plant Biodiversity Monitoring and Conservation Sulmona (AQ) Italy
| | - Luciano Di Martino
- Maiella National Park – Office for Plant Biodiversity Monitoring and Conservation Sulmona (AQ) Italy
| | - Carmelo Gentile
- Abruzzo, Lazio and Molise National Park viale Santa Lucia Pescasseroli (AQ) Italy
| | - Ana Juan
- Ciencias Ambientales y Recursos Naturales University of Alicante Alicante Spain
| | - Sara Magrini
- Tuscia Germplasm Bank, Tuscia University, largo dell'Università blocco C Viterbo Italy
| | - Marco Mucciarelli
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology Università di Torino Torino Italy
| | | | - Michael F. Fay
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew Richmond United Kingdom
- School of Plant Biology, University of Western Australia Crawley Western Australia Australia
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Van Rossum F, Le Pajolec S. Mixing gene pools to prevent inbreeding issues in translocated populations of clonal species. Mol Ecol 2021; 30:2756-2771. [PMID: 33890338 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Assisted gene flow by plant translocations is increasingly implemented for restoring populations of critically endangered species. The success in restoring genetically healthy populations may depend on translocation design, in particular the choice of the source populations. Highly clonal populations may show low genetic diversity despite large census sizes, and disrupted and geitonogamous pollination may result in selfing and inbreeding issues in the offspring intended for translocation. We carried out a genetic monitoring of translocated populations of the clonal Dianthus deltoides using 14 microsatellite markers and quantified fitness traits over two generations (transplants, F1 seed progeny and newly established individuals). Inbreeding levels were higher in the offspring used as transplants than in the adult generation of the source populations, as a result of high clonality and pollination disruption leading to self-pollination. The F1 generation in translocated populations showed high genetic diversity maintained across generations, diminished inbreeding levels, low genetic differentiation, pollen flow and genetic mixing between the four sources. New individuals were established from seed germination. Fitness patterns were a combination of inbreeding depression in inbred transplants and F1 progeny, heterosis in admixed F1 progeny, source population adaptive capacities, phenotypic plasticity, maternal effects and site environmental specificities. The strategy in the translocation design to mix several local sources, combined with large founding population sizes and ecological management has proved success in initiating the processes leading to the establishment of genetically healthy populations, even when source populations are highly clonal with low genetic diversity leading to inbreeding issues in the transplants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabienne Van Rossum
- Meise Botanic Garden, Meise, Belgium.,Service général de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche scientifique, Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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