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Ji HW, Wang CR, Yuan XW, Wang J, Wang L, Cao QL, Li YH, Xu YN, Kim NH. Mangiferin improves early porcine embryonic development by reducing oxidative stress. Reprod Domest Anim 2024; 59:e14565. [PMID: 38646981 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Mangiferin (MGN) is primarily found in the fruits, leaves, and bark of plants of the Anacardiaceae family, including mangoes. MGN exhibits various pharmacological effects, such as protection of the liver and gallbladder, anti-lipid peroxidation, and cancer prevention. This study aimed to investigate the effects of MGN supplementation during in vitro culture (IVC) on the antioxidant capacity of early porcine embryos and the underlying mechanisms involved. Porcine parthenotes in the IVC medium were exposed to different concentrations of MGN (0, 0.01, 0.1, and 1 μM). The addition of 0.1 μM MGN significantly increased the blastocyst formation rate of porcine embryos while reducing the apoptotic index and autophagy. Furthermore, the expression of antioxidation-related (SOD2, GPX1, NRF2, UCHL1), cell pluripotency (SOX2, NANOG), and mitochondria-related (TFAM, PGC1α) genes was upregulated. In contrast, the expression of apoptosis-related (CAS3, BAX) and autophagy-related (LC3B, ATG5) genes decreased after MGN supplementation. These findings suggest that MGN improves early porcine embryonic development by reducing oxidative stress-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- He-Wei Ji
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Pharmacy and Food Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Chao-Rui Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Pharmacy and Food Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Xiu-Wen Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Pharmacy and Food Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Life and Health, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Qingdao Haier Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
| | - Qi-Long Cao
- Qingdao Haier Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
| | - Ying-Hua Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Pharmacy and Food Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Yong-Nan Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Pharmacy and Food Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Nam-Hyung Kim
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Pharmacy and Food Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
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Lee M, Oh JN, Choe GC, Choi KH, Lee DK, Kim SH, Jeong J, Ahn Y, Lee CK. NANOG expression in parthenogenetic porcine blastocysts is required for intact lineage specification and pluripotency. Anim Biosci 2023; 36:1905-1917. [PMID: 37641830 PMCID: PMC10623019 DOI: 10.5713/ab.23.0210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nanog homeobox (NANOG) is a core transcription factor that contributes to pluripotency along with octamer binding transcription factor-4 (OCT4) and sex determining region-Y box-2 (SOX2). It is an epiblast lineage marker in mammalian pre-implantation embryos and exhibits a species-specific expression pattern. Therefore, it is important to understand the lineage of NANOG, the trophectoderm, and the primitive endoderm in the pig embryo. METHODS A loss- and gain-of-function analysis was done to determine the role of NANOG in lineage specification in parthenogenetic porcine blastocysts. We analyzed the relationship between NANOG and pluripotent core transcription factors and other lineage makers. RESULTS In NANOG-null late blastocysts, OCT4-, SOX2-, and SOX17-positive cells were decreased, whereas GATA binding protein 6 (GATA6)-positive cells were increased. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed that the expression of SOX2 was decreased in NANOG-null blastocysts, whereas that of primitive endoderm makers, except SOX17, was increased. In NANOG-overexpressing blastocysts, caudal type homeobox 2 (CDX2-), SOX17-, and GATA6-positive cells were decreased. The results indicated that the expression of primitive endoderm markers and trophectoderm-related genes was decreased. CONCLUSION Taken together, the results demonstrate that NANOG is involved in the epiblast and primitive endoderm differentiation and is essential for maintaining pluripotency within the epiblast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyun Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Animal Biotechnology Major, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Jong-Nam Oh
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510,
USA
| | - Gyung Cheol Choe
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Animal Biotechnology Major, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Kwang-Hwan Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Animal Biotechnology Major, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Dong-Kyung Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Animal Biotechnology Major, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Seung-Hun Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Animal Biotechnology Major, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Jinsol Jeong
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Animal Biotechnology Major, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Yelim Ahn
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Animal Biotechnology Major, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Chang-Kyu Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Animal Biotechnology Major, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
- Institute of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354,
Korea
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Javvaji PK, Francis JR, Dhali A, Kolte AP, Mech A, Roy SC, Mishra A. Interleukin-6 stimulates in vitro development of late-stage ovine embryos. J Reprod Immunol 2023; 159:104133. [PMID: 37647796 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2023.104133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The effect of interleukin-6 (IL-6) supplementation during the different phases of in vitro embryo culturing (IVC) on embryo development and embryonic gene expression was studied in ovine. IL-6 was added to IVC medium during the late phases (72-192 h; 5, 10, and 25 ng/ml IL-6) or entire period (0-192 h; 10 ng/ml IL-6) of IVC to determine its effect on embryo development. Further, the effect of IL-6 (10 ng/ml) supplementation at the 72 h of IVC on gene expressions associated with JAK/STAT signalling and pluripotency in 8-16 cell embryos (1 h post-supplementation) and compact morulae (48 h post-supplementation), and apoptosis and primitive endoderm (PrE) development in compact morulae was investigated. The supplementation of 10 ng/ml IL-6 during the late phases of IVC significantly (P < 0.05) increased blastocyst formation (35.2 ± 1.52%) compared to the control (21.1 ± 1.11%), and 5 ng/ml (25.9 ± 2.98%) or 25 ng/ml (16.5 ± 0.73%) IL-6 groups. Conversely, IL-6 (10 ng/ml) treatment throughout the IVC period significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the rate of cleavage (55.4 ± 1.57%) and blastocyst formation (14.5 ± 1.28%) compared to the control group (65.8 ± 1.35% and 21.5 ± 0.97%, respectively). In 8-16 cell embryos and compact morulae, the IL-6 treatment significantly (P < 0.05) affected the expression of genes associated with JAK/STAT signalling and pluripotency. Further, the treatment significantly (P < 0.05) downregulated BAX and CASP3, and upregulated GATA6 expression in compact morulae. In conclusion, IL-6 supplementation affected the in vitro development of ovine embryos in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The beneficial effect of IL-6 on the development of late-stage embryos was mediated through the changes in gene expressions associated with JAK/STAT signalling, pluripotency, apoptosis and PrE development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Krishna Javvaji
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Hosur Road, Bengaluru 560 030, India
| | - Joseph Rabinson Francis
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Hosur Road, Bengaluru 560 030, India
| | - Arindam Dhali
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Hosur Road, Bengaluru 560 030, India.
| | - Atul P Kolte
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Hosur Road, Bengaluru 560 030, India
| | - Anjumoni Mech
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Hosur Road, Bengaluru 560 030, India
| | - Sudhir C Roy
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Hosur Road, Bengaluru 560 030, India
| | - Ashish Mishra
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Hosur Road, Bengaluru 560 030, India
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Kim M, Lee J, Cai L, Choi H, Oh D, Jawad A, Hyun SH. Neurotrophin-4 promotes the specification of trophectoderm lineage after parthenogenetic activation and enhances porcine early embryonic development. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1194596. [PMID: 37519302 PMCID: PMC10373506 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1194596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurotrophin-4 (NT-4), a neurotrophic factor, appears to affect early embryonic development because it is secreted not only by neurons but also by oviductal and uterine epithelial cells. However, no studies have characterized the effects of NT-4 on early embryonic development in pigs. In this study, we applied the experimental model of parthenogenetic-activation (PA)-derived embryos. Herein, we investigated the effect of NT-4 supplementation during the in vitro culture (IVC) of embryos, analyzed the transcription levels of specific genes, and outlined the first cell lineage specification for porcine PA-derived blastocysts. We confirmed that NT-4 and its receptor proteins were localized in both the inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm (TE) in porcine blastocysts. Across different concentrations (0, 1, 10, and 100 ng/mL) of NT-4 supplementation, the optimal concentration of NT-4 to improve the developmental competence of porcine parthenotes was 10 ng/mL. NT-4 supplementation during porcine IVC significantly (p < 0.05) increased the proportion of TE cells by inducing the transcription of TE lineage markers (CDX2, PPAG3, and GATA3 transcripts). NT-4 also reduced blastocyst apoptosis by regulating the transcription of apoptosis-related genes (BAX and BCL2L1 transcripts) and improved blastocyst quality via the interaction of neurotrophin-, Hippo-yes-associated protein (Hippo-YAP) and mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK) pathway. Additionally, NT-4 supplementation during IVC significantly (p < 0.05) increased YAP1 transcript levels and significantly (p < 0.01) decreased LATS2 transcript levels, respectively, in the porcine PA-derived blastocysts. We also confirmed through fluorescence intensity that the YAP1 protein was significantly (p < 0.001) increased in the NT-4-treated blastocysts compared with that in the control. NT-4 also promoted differentiation into the TE lineage rather than into the ICM lineage during porcine early embryonic development. In conclusion, 10 ng/mL NT-4 supplementation enhanced blastocyst quality by regulating the apoptosis- and TE lineage specification-related genes and interacting with neurotrophin-, Hippo-YAP-, and MAPK/ERK signaling pathway during porcine in vitro embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirae Kim
- Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology (VETEMBIO), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Joohyeong Lee
- Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology (VETEMBIO), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Lian Cai
- Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology (VETEMBIO), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Veterinary Biosecurity and Protection, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyerin Choi
- Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology (VETEMBIO), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongjin Oh
- Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology (VETEMBIO), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ali Jawad
- Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology (VETEMBIO), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hwan Hyun
- Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology (VETEMBIO), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Veterinary Biosecurity and Protection, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
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Overnight Corticosterone and Gene Expression in Mouse Hippocampus: Time Course during Resting Period. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032828. [PMID: 36769150 PMCID: PMC9917930 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the experiment was to test the effect of an elevated level of glucocorticoids on the mouse hippocampal transcriptome after 12 h of treatment with corticosterone that was administered during an active phase of the circadian cycle. Additionally, we also tested the circadian changes in gene expression and the decay time of transcriptomic response to corticosterone. Gene expression was analyzed using microarrays. Obtained results show that transcriptomic responses to glucocorticoids are heterogeneous in terms of the decay time with some genes displaying persistent changes in expression during 9 h of rest. We have also found a considerable overlap between genes regulated by corticosterone and genes implicated previously in stress response. The examples of such genes are Acer2, Agt, Apod, Aqp4, Etnppl, Fabp7, Fam107a, Fjx1, Fmo2, Galnt15, Gjc2, Heph, Hes5, Htra1, Jdp2, Kif5a, Lfng, Lrg1, Mgp, Mt1, Pglyrp1, Pla2g3, Plin4, Pllp, Ptgds, Ptn, Slc2a1, Slco1c1, Sult1a1, Thbd and Txnip. This indicates that the applied model is a useful tool for the investigation of mechanisms underlying the stress response.
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Xu X, Hao T, Komba E, Yang B, Hao H, Du W, Zhu H, Zhang H, Zhao X. Improvement of Fertilization Capacity and Developmental Ability of Vitrified Bovine Oocytes by JUNO mRNA Microinjection and Cholesterol-Loaded Methyl-β-Cyclodextrin Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010590. [PMID: 36614032 PMCID: PMC9820539 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitrification of oocytes is crucial for embryo biotechnologies, germplasm cryopreservation of endangered and excellent female animals, and the fertility of humans. However, vitrification significantly impairs the fertilization ability of oocytes, which significantly limits its widely used application. JUNO protein, a receptor for Izumo1, is involved in sperm-oocyte fusion and is an indispensable protein for mammalian fertilization, and its abundance is susceptible to vitrification. However, it is still unclear how vitrification reduces the fertilization capacity of bovine oocytes by affecting JUNO protein. This study was designed to investigate the effect of vitrification on the abundance and post-translational modifications of JUNO protein in bovine oocytes. Our results showed that vitrification did not alter the amino acid sequence of JUNO protein in bovine oocytes. Furthermore, the liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis results showed that vitrification significantly reduced the number and changed the location of disulfide bonds, and increased the number of both phosphorylation and glycosylation sites of JUNO protein in bovine oocytes. Finally, the fertilization capacity and development ability of vitrified oocytes treated with 200 pg JUNO mRNA microinjection and cholesterol-loaded methyl-β-cyclodextrin (CLC/MβCD) were similar to those of fresh oocytes. In conclusion, our results showed that vitrification of bovine oocytes did not alter the protein sequence of JUNO, but induced post-translational modifications and changed protein abundance. Moreover, the fertilization and development ability of vitrified bovine oocytes were improved by the combination treatment of JUNO mRNA microinjection and CLC/MβCD.
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Lee M, Oh JN, Choe GC, Kim SH, Choi KH, Lee DK, Jeong J, Lee CK. Changes in OCT4 expression play a crucial role in the lineage specification and proliferation of preimplantation porcine blastocysts. Cell Prolif 2022; 55:e13313. [PMID: 35883229 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Curiosity about the role of OCT4, a core transcription factor that maintains inner cell mass (ICM) formation during preimplantation embryogenesis and the pluripotent state in embryonic development, has long been an issue. OCT4 has a species-specific expression pattern in mammalian preimplantation embryogenesis and is known to play an essential role in ICM formation. However, there is a need to study new roles for OCT4-related pluripotency networks and second-cell fate decisions. MATERIALS AND METHODS To determine the functions of OCT4 in lineage specification and embryo proliferation, loss- and gain-of-function studies were performed on porcine parthenotes using microinjection. Then, we performed immunocytochemistry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to examine the association of OCT4 with other lineage markers and its effect on downstream genes. RESULTS In OCT4-targeted late blastocysts, SOX2, NANOG, and SOX17 positive cells were decreased, and the total cell number of blastocysts was also decreased. According to real-time PCR analysis, NANOG, SOX17, and CDK4 were decreased in OCT4-targeted blastocysts, but trophoblast-related genes were increased. In OCT4-overexpressing blastocysts, SOX2 and NANOG positive cells increased, while SOX17 positive cells decreased, and while total cell number of blastocysts increased. As a result of real-time PCR analysis, the expression of SOX2, NANOG, and CDK4 was increased, but the expression of SOX17 was decreased. CONCLUSION Taken together, our results demonstrated that OCT4 leads pluripotency in porcine blastocysts and also plays an important role in ICM formation, secondary cell fate decision, and cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyun Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Animal Biotechnology Major, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong-Nam Oh
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Animal Biotechnology Major, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gyung Cheol Choe
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Animal Biotechnology Major, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung-Hun Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Animal Biotechnology Major, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kwang-Hwan Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Animal Biotechnology Major, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong-Kyung Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Animal Biotechnology Major, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jinsol Jeong
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Animal Biotechnology Major, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chang-Kyu Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Animal Biotechnology Major, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, South Korea
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Species-Specific Enhancer Activity of OCT4 in Porcine Pluripotency: The Porcine OCT4 Reporter System Could Monitor Pluripotency in Porcine Embryo Development and Embryonic Stem Cells. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:6337532. [PMID: 35846983 PMCID: PMC9277468 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6337532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study examined the activity and function of the pig OCT4 enhancer in the porcine early embryonic development stage and porcine authentic embryonic stem cells. OCT4 is known as a pluripotent regulator, and its upstream regulatory region-based dual-fluorescence protein reporter system controlled by distal and proximal enhancers is broadly used in studies examining the states and mechanism of pluripotency. We analyzed how this reporter system functions during early embryo development and in stem cells using a previously established porcine-specific reporter system. We demonstrated that the porcine OCT4 distal enhancer and proximal enhancer were activated with different expression patterns simultaneously as the expression of pluripotent marker genes changed during the development of in vitro pathenotes and the establishment of porcine embryonic stem cells (ESCs). This work demonstrates the applicability of the porcine OCT4 upstream region-derived dual-fluorescence reporter system, which may be applied to investigations of species-specific pluripotency in porcine-origin cells. These reporter systems may be useful tools for studies of porcine-specific pluripotency, early embryo development, and embryonic stem cells.
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Hu D, Zhang B, Suo Y, Li Z, Wan Z, Zhao W, Chen L, Yin Z, Ning H, Ge Y, Li W. Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Inhibition of Proliferation and Differentiation by Florfenicol in P19 Stem Cells: Transcriptome Analysis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:779664. [PMID: 35422703 PMCID: PMC9002123 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.779664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Florfenicol (FLO), which is widely used in veterinary clinics and aquaculture, can disrupt the protein synthesis of bacteria and mitochondria and, thus, lead to antibacterial and toxic effects in plants, insects, and mammals. FLO was found to repress chicken embryonic development and induce early embryonic death previously, but the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. Clarifying the mechanism of FLO-induced embryonic toxicity is important to the research and development of new drugs and the rational use of FLO to ensure human and animal health and ecological safety. In this study, the effects of FLO on pluripotency, proliferation, and differentiation were investigated in P19 stem cells (P19SCs). We also identified differentially expressed genes and performed bioinformatics analysis to obtain hub genes and conducted some functional analysis. FLO inhibited the proliferation and pluripotency of P19SCs and repressed the formation of embryoid bodies derived from P19SCs. A total of 2,396 DEGs were identified using RNA-Seq in FLO-treated P19SCs, and these genes were significantly enriched in biological processes, such as angiogenesis, embryonic organ development, and morphogenesis of organs. Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genome-based pathway analysis also showed that five relevant pathways, especially the canonical Wnt pathway, were engaged in FLO-induced toxicity of pluripotent stem cells. We further analyzed modules and hub genes and found the involvement of ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, DNA replication, and cell cycle machinery in regulating the pluripotency and proliferation of FLO-treated P19SCs. In summary, our data suggest that FLO disrupts the signaling transduction of pathways, especially the canonical Wnt pathway, and further inhibits the expression of target genes involved in regulating DNA replication, cell cycle, and pluripotency. This phenomenon leads to the inhibition of proliferation and differentiation in FLO-treated P19SCs. However, further experiments are required to validate our findings and elucidate the potential mechanisms underlying FLO-induced embryonic toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongfang Hu
- Postdoctoral Research Station in Biological Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China.,Postdoctoral Research Base, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yu Suo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zhiyue Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zhishuai Wan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Weihua Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Lingli Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zhihong Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Hongmei Ning
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yaming Ge
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Weiguo Li
- Postdoctoral Research Station in Biological Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
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10
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Poly(I:C) exposure during in vitro fertilization disrupts first cleavage of mouse embryos and subsequent blastocyst development. J Reprod Immunol 2022; 151:103635. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2022.103635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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11
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Lee M, Choi K, Oh J, Kim S, Lee D, Choe GC, Jeong J, Lee C. SOX2 plays a crucial role in cell proliferation and lineage segregation during porcine pre-implantation embryo development. Cell Prolif 2021; 54:e13097. [PMID: 34250657 PMCID: PMC8349655 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Gene regulation in early embryos has been widely studied for a long time because lineage segregation gives rise to the formation of a pluripotent cell population, known as the inner cell mass (ICM), during pre-implantation embryo development. The extraordinarily longer pre-implantation embryo development in pigs leads to the distinct features of the pluripotency network compared with mice and humans. For these reasons, a comparative study using pre-implantation pig embryos would provide new insights into the mammalian pluripotency network and help to understand differences in the roles and networks of genes in pre-implantation embryos between species. MATERIALS AND METHODS To analyse the functions of SOX2 in lineage segregation and cell proliferation, loss- and gain-of-function studies were conducted in pig embryos using an overexpression vector and the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Then, we analysed the morphological features and examined the effect on the expression of downstream genes through immunocytochemistry and quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS Our results showed that among the core pluripotent factors, only SOX2 was specifically expressed in the ICM. In SOX2-disrupted blastocysts, the expression of the ICM-related genes, but not OCT4, was suppressed, and the total cell number was also decreased. Likewise, according to real-time PCR analysis, pluripotency-related genes, excluding OCT4, and proliferation-related genes were decreased in SOX2-targeted blastocysts. In SOX2-overexpressing embryos, the total blastocyst cell number was greatly increased but the ICM/TE ratio decreased. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our results demonstrated that SOX2 is essential for ICM formation and cell proliferation in porcine early-stage embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyun Lee
- Department of Agricultural BiotechnologyAnimal Biotechnology Major, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life SciencesSeoul National UniversityGwanak‐guKorea
| | - Kwang‐Hwan Choi
- Department of Agricultural BiotechnologyAnimal Biotechnology Major, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life SciencesSeoul National UniversityGwanak‐guKorea
- Research and Development CenterSpace F corporationHwasungKorea
| | - Jong‐Nam Oh
- Department of Agricultural BiotechnologyAnimal Biotechnology Major, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life SciencesSeoul National UniversityGwanak‐guKorea
| | - Seung‐Hun Kim
- Department of Agricultural BiotechnologyAnimal Biotechnology Major, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life SciencesSeoul National UniversityGwanak‐guKorea
| | - Dong‐Kyung Lee
- Department of Agricultural BiotechnologyAnimal Biotechnology Major, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life SciencesSeoul National UniversityGwanak‐guKorea
- Research and Development CenterSpace F corporationHwasungKorea
| | - Gyung Cheol Choe
- Department of Agricultural BiotechnologyAnimal Biotechnology Major, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life SciencesSeoul National UniversityGwanak‐guKorea
| | - Jinsol Jeong
- Department of Agricultural BiotechnologyAnimal Biotechnology Major, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life SciencesSeoul National UniversityGwanak‐guKorea
| | - Chang‐Kyu Lee
- Department of Agricultural BiotechnologyAnimal Biotechnology Major, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life SciencesSeoul National UniversityGwanak‐guKorea
- Institute of Green Bio Science and TechnologySeoul National UniversityPyeongchangKorea
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