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Sun B, Ding P, Song Y, Zhou J, Chen X, Peng C, Liu S. FDX1 downregulation activates mitophagy and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to promote hepatocellular carcinoma progression by inducing ROS production. Redox Biol 2024; 75:103302. [PMID: 39128228 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic reprogramming can lead to the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Ferredoxin 1 (FDX1) is a small mitochondrial protein and recent studies have shown that FDX1 plays an important role in tumor cuproptosis, but its role in HCC is still elusive. In this study, we aim to investigate the expression and novel functions of FDX1 in HCC. METHODS FDX1 expression was first analyzed in publicly available datasets and verified by immunohistochemistry, qRT-PCR and Western blot. In vitro and in vivo experiments were applied to explore the functions of FDX1. Non-targeted metabolomics and RNA-sequencing were used to determine molecular mechanism. mRFP-GFP-LC3 lentivirus transfection, Mito-Tracker Red and Lyso-Tracker Green staining, transmission electron microscopy, flow cytometry, JC-1 staining, etc. were used to analyze mitophagy or ROS levels. Hydrodynamic tail vein injection (HTVi) and patient-derived organoid (PDO) models were used to analyze effect of FDX1 overexpression. RESULTS FDX1 expression is significantly downregulated in HCC tissues. FDX1 downregulation promotes HCC cell proliferation, invasion in vitro and growth, metastasis in vivo. In addition, FDX1 affects metabolism of HCC cells and is associated with autophagy. We then confirmed that FDX1 deficiency increases ROS levels, activates mitophagy and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in HCC cells. Interestingly, scavenging ROS attenuates the tumor-promoting role and mitophagy of FDX1 downregulation. The results of HTVi and PDO models both find that FDX1 elevation significantly inhibits HCC progression. Moreover, low FDX1 expression is associated with shorter survival and is an independent risk factor for prognosis in HCC patients. CONCLUSIONS Our research had investigated novel functions of FDX1 in HCC. Downregulation of FDX1 contributes to metabolic reprogramming and leads to ROS-mediated activation of mitophagy and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. FDX1 is a potential prognostic biomarker and increasing FDX1 expression may be a potential therapeutic approach to inhibit HCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, 410005, China; Hunan Engineering Research Center of Digital Hepatobiliary Medicine, Changsha, 410005, China; Hunan Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Biliary Tract Diseases, Changsha, 410005, China
| | - Peng Ding
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, 410005, China
| | - Yinghui Song
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, 410005, China
| | - Jia Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, 410005, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, 410005, China
| | - Chuang Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, 410005, China; Hunan Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Biliary Tract Diseases, Changsha, 410005, China.
| | - Sulai Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, 410005, China; Hunan Engineering Research Center of Digital Hepatobiliary Medicine, Changsha, 410005, China; Hunan Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Biliary Tract Diseases, Changsha, 410005, China.
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2
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Deepak K, Roy PK, Das CK, Mukherjee B, Mandal M. Mitophagy at the crossroads of cancer development: Exploring the role of mitophagy in tumor progression and therapy resistance. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119752. [PMID: 38776987 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2024.119752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Preserving a functional mitochondrial network is crucial for cellular well-being, considering the pivotal role of mitochondria in ensuring cellular survival, especially under stressful conditions. Mitophagy, the selective removal of damaged mitochondria through autophagy, plays a pivotal role in preserving cellular homeostasis by preventing the production of harmful reactive oxygen species from dysfunctional mitochondria. While the involvement of mitophagy in neurodegenerative diseases has been thoroughly investigated, it is becoming increasingly evident that mitophagy plays a significant role in cancer biology. Perturbations in mitophagy pathways lead to suboptimal mitochondrial quality control, catalyzing various aspects of carcinogenesis, including establishing metabolic plasticity, stemness, metabolic reconfiguration of cancer-associated fibroblasts, and immunomodulation. While mitophagy performs a delicate balancing act at the intersection of cell survival and cell death, mounting evidence indicates that, particularly in the context of stress responses induced by cancer therapy, it predominantly promotes cell survival. Here, we showcase an overview of the current understanding of the role of mitophagy in cancer biology and its potential as a target for cancer therapy. Gaining a more comprehensive insight into the interaction between cancer therapy and mitophagy has the potential to reveal novel targets and pathways, paving the way for enhanced treatment strategies for therapy-resistant tumors in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Deepak
- Cancer Biology Lab, School of Medical Science & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India.
| | - Pritam Kumar Roy
- Cancer Biology Lab, School of Medical Science & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India.
| | - Chandan Kanta Das
- Cancer Biology Lab, School of Medical Science & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India; Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 421 Curie Boulevard, BRBII/III, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Budhaditya Mukherjee
- Infectious Disease and Immunology Lab, School of Medical Science & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India.
| | - Mahitosh Mandal
- Cancer Biology Lab, School of Medical Science & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India.
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Montagnani Marelli M, Macchi C, Ruscica M, Sartori P, Moretti RM. Anticancer Activity of Delta-Tocotrienol in Human Hepatocarcinoma: Involvement of Autophagy Induction. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2654. [PMID: 39123382 PMCID: PMC11311296 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16152654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the predominant form of primary liver cancer. Surgical resection, tumor ablation, and liver transplantation are curative treatments indicated for early-stage HCC. The management of intermediate and advanced stages of pathology is based on the use of systemic therapies which often show important side effects. Vitamin E-derivative tocotrienols (TTs) play antitumoral properties in different tumors. Here, we analyzed the activity of delta-TT (δ-TT) on HCC human cell lines. (2) We analyzed the ability of δ-TT to trigger apoptosis, to induce oxidative stress, autophagy, and mitophagy in HepG2 cell line. We evaluated the correlation between the activation of autophagy with the ability of δ-TT to induce cell death. (3) The data obtained demonstrate that δ-TT exerts an antiproliferative and proapoptotic effect in HCC cells. Furthermore, δ-TT induces the release of mitochondrial ROS and causes a structural and functional alteration of the mitochondria compatible with a fission process. Finally, δ-TT triggers selective autophagy process removing dysfunctional mitochondria. Inhibition of autophagy reversed the cytotoxic action of δ-TT. (4) Our results demonstrate that δ-TT through the activation of autophagy could represent a potential new approach in the treatment of advanced HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Montagnani Marelli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences “Rodolfo Paoletti”, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.M.); (M.R.); (R.M.M.)
| | - Chiara Macchi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences “Rodolfo Paoletti”, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.M.); (M.R.); (R.M.M.)
| | - Massimiliano Ruscica
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences “Rodolfo Paoletti”, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.M.); (M.R.); (R.M.M.)
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular Diseases-Foundation, IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20162 Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Sartori
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Roberta Manuela Moretti
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences “Rodolfo Paoletti”, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.M.); (M.R.); (R.M.M.)
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4
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Zhang Y. Parkin, a Parkinson's disease-associated protein, mediates the mitophagy that plays a vital role in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder. Neurochem Int 2024; 179:105808. [PMID: 39047792 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Depression is a complex mood disorder with multifactorial etiology and is also the most frequent non-motor symptom of Parkinson's disease. Emerging research suggests a potential link between mitochondrial dysfunction and the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder. By synthesizing current knowledge and research findings, this review sheds light on the intricate relationship between Parkin, a protein classically associated with Parkinson's disease, and mitochondrial quality control mechanisms (e.g., mitophagy, mitochondrial biogenesis, and mitochondrial dynamic), specifically focusing on their relevance in the context of depression. Additionally, the present review discusses therapeutic strategies targeting Parkin-medicated mitophagy and calls for further research in this field. These findings suggest promise for the development of novel depression treatments through modulating Parkin-mediated mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China.
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5
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Feng Z, Luan M, Zhu W, Xing Y, Ma X, Wang Y, Jia Y. Targeted ferritinophagy in gastrointestinal cancer: from molecular mechanisms to implications. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:2007-2018. [PMID: 38602537 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-024-03745-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancer is a significant global health burden, necessitating the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Emerging evidence has highlighted the potential of targeting ferritinophagy as a promising approach for the treatment of gastrointestinal cancer. Ferritinophagy is a form of selective autophagy that is mediated by the nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4). This process plays a crucial role in regulating cellular iron homeostasis and has been implicated in various pathological conditions, including cancer. This review discusses the molecular mechanisms underlying ferritinophagy and its relevance to gastrointestinal cancer. Furthermore, we highlight the potential therapeutic implications of targeting ferritinophagy in gastrointestinal cancer. Several approaches have been proposed to modulate ferritinophagy, including small molecule inhibitors and immunotherapeutic strategies. We discuss the advantages and challenges associated with these therapeutic interventions and provide insights into their potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaotian Feng
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, People's Republic of China
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250013, People's Republic of China
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhua Luan
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250013, People's Republic of China
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenshuai Zhu
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanxin Xing
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250013, People's Republic of China
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Ma
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250013, People's Republic of China
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunshan Wang
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250013, People's Republic of China
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfei Jia
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, People's Republic of China.
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250013, People's Republic of China.
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013, People's Republic of China.
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6
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Liu Y, Ma Z. Leukemia and mitophagy: a novel perspective for understanding oncogenesis and resistance. Ann Hematol 2024; 103:2185-2196. [PMID: 38282059 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-024-05635-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Mitophagy, the selective autophagic process that specifically degrades mitochondria, serves as a vital regulatory mechanism for eliminating damaged mitochondria and maintaining cellular balance. Emerging research underscores the central role of mitophagy in the initiation, advancement, and treatment of cancer. Mitophagy is widely acknowledged to govern mitochondrial homeostasis in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), influencing their metabolic dynamics. In this article, we integrate recent data to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms governing mitophagy and its intricate significance in the context of leukemia. An in-depth molecular elucidation of the processes governing mitophagy may serve as a basis for the development of pioneering approaches in targeted therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyao Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan Province, No. 20, Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhigui Ma
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan Province, No. 20, Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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7
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Li A, Huang K, Pan W, Wu Y, Liang Y, Zhang Z, Wu D, Ma L, Gou Y. Thiosemicarbazone Mixed-Valence Cu(I/II) Complex against Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells through Multiple Pathways Involving Cuproptosis. J Med Chem 2024; 67:9091-9103. [PMID: 38778566 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Induction of cuproptosis and targeting of multiple signaling pathways show promising applications in tumor therapy. In this study, we synthesized two thiosemicarbazone-copper complexes ([CuII(L)Cl] 1 and [CuII2CuI(L)2Cl3] 2, where HL is the (E)-N-methyl-2-(phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methylene ligand), to assess their antilung cancer activities. Both copper complexes showed better anticancer activity than cisplatin and exhibited hemolysis comparable to that of cisplatin. In vivo experiments showed that complex 2 retarded the A549 cell growth in a mouse xenograft model with low systemic toxicity. Primarily, complex 2 kills lung cancer cells in vitro and in vivo by triggering multiple pathways, including cuproptosis. Complex 2 is the first mixed-valent Cu(I/II) complex to induce cellular events consistent with cuproptosis in cancer cells, which may stimulate the development of mixed-valent copper complexes and provide effective cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aili Li
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Respiratory Diseases, Guangxi Health Commission, Guilin 541001, P. R. China
| | - Kai Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine in Liver Injury and Repair, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, P. R. China
- Department of Scientific Research, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, P. R. China
| | - Weiping Pan
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, P. R. China
| | - Youru Wu
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, P. R. China
| | - Yuwei Liang
- Department of Scientific Research, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, P. R. China
| | - ZhenLei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Daqi Wu
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, P. R. China
| | - Libing Ma
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Respiratory Diseases, Guangxi Health Commission, Guilin 541001, P. R. China
| | - Yi Gou
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Respiratory Diseases, Guangxi Health Commission, Guilin 541001, P. R. China
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8
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Song Y, Ren S, Chen X, Li X, Chen L, Zhao S, Zhang Y, Shen X, Chen Y. Inhibition of MFN1 restores tamoxifen-induced apoptosis in resistant cells by disrupting aberrant mitochondrial fusion dynamics. Cancer Lett 2024; 590:216847. [PMID: 38583647 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Tamoxifen (TAM) resistance presents a major clinical obstacle in the management of estrogen-sensitive breast cancer, highlighting the need to understand the underlying mechanisms and potential therapeutic approaches. We showed that dysregulated mitochondrial dynamics were involved in TAM resistance by protecting against mitochondrial apoptosis. The dysregulated mitochondrial dynamics were associated with increased mitochondrial fusion and decreased fission, thus preventing the release of mitochondrial cytochrome c to the cytoplasm following TAM treatment. Dynamin-related GTPase protein mitofusin 1 (MFN1), which promotes fusion, was upregulated in TAM-resistant cells, and high MFN1 expression indicated a poor prognosis in TAM-treated patients. Mitochondrial translocation of MFN1 and interaction between MFN1 and mitofusin 2 (MFN2) were enhanced to promote mitochondrial outer membrane fusion. The interaction of MFN1 and cristae-shaping protein optic atrophy 1 (OPA1) and OPA1 oligomerization were reduced due to augmented OPA1 proteolytic cleavage, and their apoptosis-promoting function was reduced due to cristae remodeling. Furthermore, the interaction of MFN1 and BAK were increased, which restrained BAK activation following TAM treatment. Knockdown or pharmacological inhibition of MFN1 blocked mitochondrial fusion, restored BAK oligomerization and cytochrome c release, and amplified activation of caspase-3/9, thus sensitizing resistant cells to apoptosis and facilitating the therapeutic effects of TAM both in vivo and in vitro. Conversely, overexpression of MFN1 alleviated TAM-induced mitochondrial apoptosis and promoted TAM resistance in sensitive cells. These results revealed that dysregulated mitochondrial dynamics contributes to the development of TAM resistance, suggesting that targeting MFN1-mediated mitochondrial fusion is a promising strategy to circumvent TAM resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Song
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou 561113, China; The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou 561113, China; The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou 561113, China; Key Laboratory of Novel Anti-Cancer Drug Targets Discovery and Application, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou 561113, China
| | - Shuang Ren
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou 561113, China; The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou 561113, China; The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou 561113, China; Key Laboratory of Novel Anti-Cancer Drug Targets Discovery and Application, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou 561113, China
| | - Xingmei Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou 561113, China; The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou 561113, China; The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou 561113, China; Key Laboratory of Novel Anti-Cancer Drug Targets Discovery and Application, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou 561113, China
| | - Xuhong Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou 561113, China; The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou 561113, China; The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou 561113, China
| | - Lin Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou 561113, China; The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou 561113, China; The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou 561113, China
| | - Shijie Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou 561113, China; The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou 561113, China; The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou 561113, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou 561113, China; The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou 561113, China; The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou 561113, China.
| | - Xiangchun Shen
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou 561113, China; The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou 561113, China; The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou 561113, China.
| | - Yan Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou 561113, China; The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou 561113, China; The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou 561113, China; Key Laboratory of Novel Anti-Cancer Drug Targets Discovery and Application, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Avenue, Guian New District, Guizhou 561113, China.
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Zhang H, Muhetarijiang M, Chen RJ, Hu X, Han J, Zheng L, Chen T. Mitochondrial Dysfunction: A Roadmap for Understanding and Tackling Cardiovascular Aging. Aging Dis 2024:AD.2024.0058. [PMID: 38739929 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2024.0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular aging is a progressive remodeling process constituting a variety of cellular and molecular alterations that are closely linked to mitochondrial dysfunction. Therefore, gaining a deeper understanding of the changes in mitochondrial function during cardiovascular aging is crucial for preventing cardiovascular diseases. Cardiac aging is accompanied by fibrosis, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, metabolic changes, and infiltration of immune cells, collectively contributing to the overall remodeling of the heart. Similarly, during vascular aging, there is a profound remodeling of blood vessel structure. These remodeling present damage to endothelial cells, increased vascular stiffness, impaired formation of new blood vessels (angiogenesis), the development of arteriosclerosis, and chronic vascular inflammation. This review underscores the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiac aging, exploring its impact on fibrosis and myocardial alterations, metabolic remodeling, immune response remodeling, as well as in vascular aging in the heart. Additionally, we emphasize the significance of mitochondria-targeted therapies in preventing cardiovascular diseases in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mairedan Muhetarijiang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ryan J Chen
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaosheng Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Han
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liangrong Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated First Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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Tiwari M, Srivastava P, Abbas S, Jegatheesan J, Ranjan A, Sharma S, Maurya VP, Saxena AK, Sharma LK. Emerging Role of Autophagy in Governing Cellular Dormancy, Metabolic Functions, and Therapeutic Responses of Cancer Stem Cells. Cells 2024; 13:447. [PMID: 38474411 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumors are composed of heterogeneous populations of dysregulated cells that grow in specialized niches that support their growth and maintain their properties. Tumor heterogeneity and metastasis are among the major hindrances that exist while treating cancer patients, leading to poor clinical outcomes. Although the factors that determine tumor complexity remain largely unknown, several genotypic and phenotypic changes, including DNA mutations and metabolic reprograming provide cancer cells with a survival advantage over host cells and resistance to therapeutics. Furthermore, the presence of a specific population of cells within the tumor mass, commonly known as cancer stem cells (CSCs), is thought to initiate tumor formation, maintenance, resistance, and recurrence. Therefore, these CSCs have been investigated in detail recently as potential targets to treat cancer and prevent recurrence. Understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in CSC proliferation, self-renewal, and dormancy may provide important clues for developing effective therapeutic strategies. Autophagy, a catabolic process, has long been recognized to regulate various physiological and pathological processes. In addition to regulating cancer cells, recent studies have identified a critical role for autophagy in regulating CSC functions. Autophagy is activated under various adverse conditions and promotes cellular maintenance, survival, and even cell death. Thus, it is intriguing to address whether autophagy promotes or inhibits CSC functions and whether autophagy modulation can be used to regulate CSC functions, either alone or in combination. This review describes the roles of autophagy in the regulation of metabolic functions, proliferation and quiescence of CSCs, and its role during therapeutic stress. The review further highlights the autophagy-associated pathways that could be used to regulate CSCs. Overall, the present review will help to rationalize various translational approaches that involve autophagy-mediated modulation of CSCs in controlling cancer progression, metastasis, and recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Tiwari
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Science, Patna 801507, India
| | - Pransu Srivastava
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Biotechnology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Science, Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Sabiya Abbas
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Biotechnology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Science, Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Janani Jegatheesan
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Science, Patna 801507, India
| | - Ashish Ranjan
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Science, Patna 801507, India
| | - Sadhana Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Science, Patna 801507, India
| | - Ved Prakash Maurya
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Ajit Kumar Saxena
- Department of Pathology/Lab Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Science, Patna 801507, India
| | - Lokendra Kumar Sharma
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Biotechnology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Science, Lucknow 226014, India
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Zhang J, Hao W, Liu X, Meng Y, Liu J, Wu L, Zhang Y, Hu X, Fan Y, Qin X. Proteome microarray identifies autoantibody biomarkers for diagnosis of hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 554:117727. [PMID: 38123112 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has the highest mortality rate among malignant tumors worldwide. This study aimed to analyze the biological characteristics of serum proteins in hepatitis B (HBV)-related liver diseases, identify diagnostic biomarkers for HBV-infected HCC, and provide a scientific basis for its prevention and treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used HuProt arrays to identify candidate biomarkers for HBV-related liver diseases and verified the differential biomarkers by using an HCC-focused array. The biological characteristics of serum proteins were analyzed via bioinformatics. Serum biomarkers levels were validated by ELISA. RESULTS We identified 547 differentially expressed proteins from HBV-infected HCC in a screening cohort. After analyzing the biological characteristics of serum proteins, we identified 10 potential differential autoantibodies against tumor-associated antigens (TAAbs) and a candidate biomarker panel (APEX2, RCSD1, and TP53) for the diagnosis of HBV-associated HCC with 61.9% sensitivity and 81.7% specificity in an HCC-focused array validation cohort. Finally, the protein levels and diagnostic capability of the biomarker panel were confirmed in a large-sample validation cohort, and this panel was found to be superior to alpha-fetoprotein, the standard hallmark for the diagnosis of HCC. CONCLUSION The APEX2, RCSD1, and TP53 biomarker panels could be used for the diagnosis of HBV-associated HCC, providing a scientific basis for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China; Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Wudi Hao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China; Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Xinxin Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Shandong University, No.11 Wuyingshan Middle Road, Tianqiao District, Jinan 250031, China
| | - Yuan Meng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China; Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Jianhua Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China; Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Lina Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China; Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China; Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Xingwei Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China; Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Yan Fan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China; Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Xiaosong Qin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China; Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China.
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12
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Yu Y, Chen S, Wang Y, Zhou D, Wu D. Fighting against Drug-Resistant Tumor by the Induction of Excessive Mitophagy with Transferrin Nanomedicine. Macromol Biosci 2024; 24:e2300116. [PMID: 37677756 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
The effectiveness of chemotherapy is primarily hindered by drug resistance, and autophagy plays a crucial role in overcoming this resistance. In this project, a human transferrin nanomedicine contains quercetin (a drug to induce excessive autophagy) and doxorubicin is developed (HTf@DOX/Qu NPs). The purpose of this nanomedicine is to enhance mitophagy and combating drug-resistant cancer. Through in vitro studies, it is demonstrated that HTf@DOX/Qu NPs can effectively downregulate cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), leading to an excessive promotion of mitophagy and subsequent mitochondrial dysfunction via the PENT-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1)/Parkin axis. Additionally, HTf@DOX/Qu NPs can upregulate proapoptotic proteins to induce cellular apoptosis, thereby effectively reversing drug resistance. Furthermore, in vivo results have shown that HTf@DOX/Qu NPs exhibit prolonged circulation in the bloodstream, enhanced drug accumulation in tumors, and superior therapeutic efficacy compared to individual chemotherapy in a drug-resistant tumor model. This study presents a promising strategy for combating multidrug-resistant cancers by exacerbating mitophagy through the use of transferrin nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanxiang Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, P. R. China
| | - Sijin Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Yupeng Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Dongfang Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Dehua Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
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13
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Wang J, Zheng F, Wang D, Yang Q. Regulation of ULK1 by WTAP/IGF2BP3 axis enhances mitophagy and progression in epithelial ovarian cancer. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:97. [PMID: 38286802 PMCID: PMC10824720 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06477-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
There is a pressing need for innovative therapeutic strategies for patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Previous studies have shown that UNC-51-like kinase 1 (ULK1), a serine/threonine kinase, is crucial in regulating cellular autophagy and mitophagy across various tumor types. However, the clinical implications, biological functions, and potential mechanisms of ULK1 in EOC remain poorly understood. This study demonstrates that ULK1 expression is upregulated in EOC tissue samples and EOC cell lines, with increased ULK1 expression correlating with poor prognosis. Functionally, overexpressed ULK1 enhances the proliferation and migration abilities of EOC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, ULK1 was identified as an m6A target of WTAP. WTAP-mediated m6A modification of ULK1 enhanced its mRNA stability in an IGF2BP3-dependent manner, leading to elevated ULK1 expression and enhanced mitophagy in EOC. In summary, our research reveals that the WTAP/IGF2BP3-ULK1 axis significantly influences protective mitophagy in EOC, contributing to its progression. Therefore, the regulatory mechanisms and biological function of ULK1 identify it as a potential molecular target for therapeutic intervention in EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Fei Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
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14
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Xu J, Bian L, You D, Li Z, Wang T, Li Y, Ren X, He Y. PDGF-BB accelerates TSCC via fibroblast lactates limiting miR-26a-5p and boosting mitophagy. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:5. [PMID: 38169376 PMCID: PMC10763357 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03172-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play crucial roles in tumor development, and their metabolic coupling remains unclear. Clinical data showed a positive correlation between PDGF-BB, CAFs, and glycolysis in the tumor microenvironment of oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma patients. In vitro, CAFs are derived from hOMF cells treated with PDGF-BB, which induces their formation and promotes aerobic glycolysis. Mitophagy increased the PDGF-BB-induced formation of CAF phenotypes and aerobic glycolysis, while autophagy inhibition blocked PDGF-BB-induced effects. Downregulation of miR-26a-5p was observed in CAFs; upregulation of miR-26a-5p inhibited the expression of mitophagy-related proteins ULKI, Parkin, PINK1, and LC3 and aerobic glycolysis in PDGF-BB-induced CAFs. PDGF-BB-induced CAFs promoted tumor cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, NF-κB signaling pathway activation, and PDGF-BB secretion. Thus, PDGF-BB is associated with lactate-induced CAF formation and glucose metabolism reprogramming. These findings indicate potential therapeutic targets in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Xu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kunming Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming, 650106, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming, 650106, China
| | - Li Bian
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650106, China
| | - Dingyun You
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Ziliang Li
- Department of oral Implantology, Kunming Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming, 650106, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Department of Stomatology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Yiting Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kunming Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming, 650106, China
| | - Xiaobin Ren
- Department of Periodontology, Kunming Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 1088 Haiyuan Central Road, Kunming, Yunnan, 650106, China.
| | - Yongwen He
- Department of Dental Research, Kunming Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 1088 Haiyuan Central Road, Kunming, Yunnan, 650106, China.
- Qujing Medical College, Qujing, 655011, China.
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15
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Mayer B, Kringel D, Lötsch J. Artificial intelligence and machine learning in clinical pharmacological research. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2024; 17:79-91. [PMID: 38165148 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2023.2294005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical pharmacology research has always involved computational analysis. With the abundance of drug-related data available, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) methods has emerged as a promising way to enhance clinical pharmacology research. METHODS Based on an accepted definition of clinical pharmacology as a field of research dealing with all aspects of drug-human interactions, the analysis included publications from institutes specializing in clinical pharmacology. Research topics and the most used machine learning methods in clinical pharmacology were retrieved from the PubMed database and summarized. RESULTS ML was identified in 674 publications attributed to clinical pharmacology research, with a significant increase in publication activity over the last decade. Notable research topics addressed by ML/AI included Covid-19-related clinical pharmacology research, clinical neuropharmacology, drug safety and risk assessment, clinical pharmacology related to cancer research, and antimicrobial and antiviral research unrelated to Covid-19. In terms of ML methods, neural networks, random forests, and support vector machines were frequently mentioned in the abstracts of the retrieved papers. CONCLUSIONS ML, and AI in general, is increasingly being used in various research areas within clinical pharmacology. This report presents specific examples of applications and highlights the most used ML methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Mayer
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe - University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Dario Kringel
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe - University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jörn Lötsch
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe - University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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16
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Peng X, Zheng J, Liu T, Zhou Z, Song C, Geng Y, Wang Z, Huang Y. Tumor Microenvironment Heterogeneity, Potential Therapeutic Avenues, and Emerging Therapies. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2024; 24:288-307. [PMID: 37537777 DOI: 10.2174/1568009623666230712095021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This review describes the comprehensive portrait of tumor microenvironment (TME). Additionally, we provided a panoramic perspective on the transformation and functions of the diverse constituents in TME, and the underlying mechanisms of drug resistance, beginning with the immune cells and metabolic dynamics within TME. Lastly, we summarized the most auspicious potential therapeutic strategies. RESULTS TME is a unique realm crafted by malignant cells to withstand the onslaught of endogenous and exogenous therapies. Recent research has revealed many small-molecule immunotherapies exhibiting auspicious outcomes in preclinical investigations. Furthermore, some pro-immune mechanisms have emerged as a potential avenue. With the advent of nanosystems and precision targeting, targeted therapy has now transcended the "comfort zone" erected by cancer cells within TME. CONCLUSION The ceaseless metamorphosis of TME fosters the intransigent resilience and proliferation of tumors. However, existing therapies have yet to surmount the formidable obstacles posed by TME. Therefore, scientists should investigate potential avenues for therapeutic intervention and design innovative pharmacological and clinical technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintong Peng
- Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Jingfan Zheng
- Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Tianzi Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Ziwen Zhou
- Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Chen Song
- Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yan Geng
- Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Zichuan Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
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17
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Valente R, Cordeiro S, Luz A, Melo MC, Rodrigues CR, Baptista PV, Fernandes AR. Doxorubicin-sensitive and -resistant colorectal cancer spheroid models: assessing tumor microenvironment features for therapeutic modulation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1310397. [PMID: 38188017 PMCID: PMC10771845 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1310397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The research on tumor microenvironment (TME) has recently been gaining attention due to its important role in tumor growth, progression, and response to therapy. Because of this, the development of three-dimensional cancer models that mimic the interactions in the TME and the tumor structure and complexity is of great relevance to cancer research and drug development. Methods: This study aimed to characterize colorectal cancer spheroids overtime and assess how the susceptibility or resistance to doxorubicin (Dox) or the inclusion of fibroblasts in heterotypic spheroids influence and modulate their secretory activity, namely the release of extracellular vesicles (EVs), and the response to Dox-mediated chemotherapy. Different characteristics were assessed over time, namely spheroid growth, viability, presence of hypoxia, expression of hypoxia and inflammation-associated genes and proteins. Due to the importance of EVs in biomarker discovery with impact on early diagnostics, prognostics and response to treatment, proteomic profiling of the EVs released by the different 3D spheroid models was also assessed. Response to treatment was also monitored by assessing Dox internalization and its effects on the different 3D spheroid structures and on the cell viability. Results and Discussion: The results show that distinct features are affected by both Dox resistance and the presence of fibroblasts. Fibroblasts can stabilize spheroid models, through the modulation of their growth, viability, hypoxia and inflammation levels, as well as the expressions of its associated transcripts/proteins, and promotes alterations in the protein profile exhibit by EVs. Summarily, fibroblasts can increase cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions, making the heterotypic spheroids a great model to study TME and understand TME role in chemotherapies resistance. Dox resistance induction is shown to influence the internalization of Dox, especially in homotypic spheroids, and it is also shown to influence cell viability and consequently the chemoresistance of those spheroids when exposed to Dox. Taken together these results highlight the importance of finding and characterizing different 3D models resembling more closely the in vivo interactions of tumors with their microenvironment as well as modulating drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben Valente
- Associate Laboratory i4HB–Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Life Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Sandra Cordeiro
- Associate Laboratory i4HB–Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Life Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
| | - André Luz
- Associate Laboratory i4HB–Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Life Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Maria C. Melo
- Associate Laboratory i4HB–Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Life Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Catarina Roma Rodrigues
- Associate Laboratory i4HB–Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Life Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Pedro V. Baptista
- Associate Laboratory i4HB–Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Life Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Alexandra R. Fernandes
- Associate Laboratory i4HB–Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Life Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
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18
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Yu H, Liu Q, Jin M, Huang G, Cai Q. Comprehensive analysis of mitophagy-related genes in NSCLC diagnosis and immune scenery: based on bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing data. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1276074. [PMID: 38155968 PMCID: PMC10752969 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1276074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the main cause of cancer-related deaths, and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type. Understanding the potential mechanisms, prognosis, and treatment aspects of NSCLC is essential. This study systematically analyzed the correlation between mitophagy and NSCLC. Six mitophagy-related feature genes (SRC, UBB, PINK1, FUNDC1, MAP1LC3B, and CSNK2A1) were selected through machine learning and used to construct a diagnostic model for NSCLC. These feature genes are closely associated with the occurrence and development of NSCLC. Additionally, NSCLC was divided into two subtypes using unsupervised consensus clustering, and their differences in clinical characteristics, immune infiltration, and immunotherapy were systematically analyzed. Furthermore, the interaction between mitophagy-related genes (MRGs) and immune cells was analyzed using single-cell sequencing data. The findings of this study will contribute to the development of potential diagnostic biomarkers for NSCLC and the advancement of personalized treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Yu
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Medical Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingtao Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingming Jin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Medical Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Huang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Medical Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianqian Cai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Medical Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
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19
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Zhang M, Tong Z, Wang Y, Fu W, Meng Y, Huang J, Sun L. Relationship between ferroptosis and mitophagy in renal fibrosis: a systematic review. J Drug Target 2023; 31:858-866. [PMID: 37607069 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2023.2250574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis, characterised by glomerulosclerosis and tubulointerstitial fibrosis, is a typical pathological alteration in the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). However, the limited and expensive options for treating renal fibrosis place a heavy financial burden on patients and healthcare systems. Therefore, it is significant to find an effective treatment for renal fibrosis. Ferroptosis, a non-traditional form of cell death, has been found to play an important role in acute kidney injury (AKI), tumours, neurodegenerative diseases, and so on. Moreover, a growing body of research suggests that ferroptosis might be a potential target of renal fibrosis. Meanwhile, mitophagy is a type of selective autophagy that can selectively degrade damaged or dysfunctional mitochondria as a form of mitochondrial quality control, reducing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the accumulation of which is the main cause of renal fibrosis. Additionally, as a receptor of mitophagy, NIX can release beclin1 to induce mitophagy, which can also bind to solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) to block the activity of cystine/glutamate antitransporter (system Xc-) and inhibit ferroptosis, thereby suggesting a link between mitophagy and ferroptosis. However, there have been only limited studies on the relationship among mitophagy, ferroptosis and renal fibrosis. In this paper, we review the mechanisms of mitophagy, and describe how ferroptosis and mitophagy are related to renal fibrosis in an effort to identify potential novel targets for the treatment of renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyuan Tong
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaqing Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Fu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yilin Meng
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayi Huang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
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20
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Wang J, Zhang X, Zheng F, Yang Q, Bi F. Mitophagy-related long non-coding RNA signature predicts prognosis and drug response in Ovarian Cancer. J Ovarian Res 2023; 16:177. [PMID: 37633972 PMCID: PMC10463594 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-023-01247-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most malignant tumor with the worst prognosis in female reproductive system. Mitophagy and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play pivotal roles in tumorigenesis, development, and drug resistance. The effects of mitophagy-related lncRNAs on OC prognosis and therapeutic response remain unelucidated. METHODS We retrieved OC-related RNA sequence, copy number variation, somatic mutation, and clinicopathological information from The Cancer Genome Atlas database and mitophagy-related gene sets from the Reactome database. Pearson's correlation analysis was used to distinguish mitophagy-related lncRNAs. A prognostic lncRNA signature was constructed using UniCox, LASSO, and forward stepwise regression analysis. Individuals with a risk score above or below the median were classified as high- or low-risk groups, respectively. The risk model was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier estimator, receiver operating characteristic curve, decision curve analysis, and Cox regression analysis and validated using an internal dataset. LINC00174 was validated in clinical samples and OC cell lines. We also reviewed reports on the role of LINC00174 in cancer. Subsequently, a nomogram model was constructed. Furthermore, the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer database was used to explore the relationship between the risk model and anti-tumor drug sensitivity. Gene set variation analysis was performed to assess potential differences in biological functions between the two groups. Finally, a lncRNA prognostic signature-related competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network was constructed. RESULTS The prognostic signature showed that patients in the high-risk group had a poorer prognosis. The nomogram exhibited satisfactory accuracy and predictive potential. LINC00174 mainly acts as an oncogene in cancer and is upregulated in OC; its knockdown inhibited the proliferation and migration, and promoted apoptosis of OC cells. High-risk patients were more insensitive to cisplatin and olaparib than low-risk patients. The ceRNA network may help explore the potential regulatory mechanisms of lncRNAs. CONCLUSION The mitophagy-related lncRNA signature can help estimate the survival and drug sensitivity, the ceRNA network may provide novel therapeutic targets for patients with OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Xiaocui Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Fei Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, China.
| | - Fangfang Bi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, China.
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21
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Musicco C, Signorile A, Pesce V, Loguercio Polosa P, Cormio A. Mitochondria Deregulations in Cancer Offer Several Potential Targets of Therapeutic Interventions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10420. [PMID: 37445598 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play a key role in cancer and their involvement is not limited to the production of ATP only. Mitochondria also produce reactive oxygen species and building blocks to sustain rapid cell proliferation; thus, the deregulation of mitochondrial function is associated with cancer disease development and progression. In cancer cells, a metabolic reprogramming takes place through a different modulation of the mitochondrial metabolic pathways, including oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid oxidation, the Krebs cycle, glutamine and heme metabolism. Alterations of mitochondrial homeostasis, in particular, of mitochondrial biogenesis, mitophagy, dynamics, redox balance, and protein homeostasis, were also observed in cancer cells. The use of drugs acting on mitochondrial destabilization may represent a promising therapeutic approach in tumors in which mitochondrial respiration is the predominant energy source. In this review, we summarize the main mitochondrial features and metabolic pathways altered in cancer cells, moreover, we present the best known drugs that, by acting on mitochondrial homeostasis and metabolic pathways, may induce mitochondrial alterations and cancer cell death. In addition, new strategies that induce mitochondrial damage, such as photodynamic, photothermal and chemodynamic therapies, and the development of nanoformulations that specifically target drugs in mitochondria are also described. Thus, mitochondria-targeted drugs may open new frontiers to a tailored and personalized cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Musicco
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), CNR, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Anna Signorile
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Vito Pesce
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Paola Loguercio Polosa
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella Cormio
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
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22
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Sun R, Zhou X, Wang T, Liu Y, Wei L, Qiu Z, Qiu C, Jiang J. Novel insights into tumorigenesis and prognosis of endometrial cancer through systematic investigation and validation on mitophagy-related signature. Hum Cell 2023:10.1007/s13577-023-00920-8. [PMID: 37266867 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-023-00920-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In-depth studies on the pathogenesis of endometrial cancer (EC) are critical because of the increasing global incidence of EC. Mitophagy, a mitochondrial quality control process, plays an important role in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. This study aimed to develop a novel mitophagy-based signature to predict the tumorigenesis and prognosis of EC. Data was downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases, and 29 mitophagy-related genes were downloaded from the Pathway Unification Database. EC patients were classified into two risk groups based on the two-key- gene signature, TOMM40 and MFN1, which were constructed using Cox regression analysis. A better prognosis was noted in the low-risk group. The model was validated for four aspects: clinical features, mutation status, clinical therapeutic response, and immune cell infiltration status. Moreover, according to the contribution to the risk model, TOMM40 was selected for further in vitro experiments. The silencing of TOMM40 inhibited mitochondrial degradation; suppressed cell proliferation; induced cell apoptosis and G1 phase cell cycle arrest; inhibited migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition; and suppressed cell stemness. In conclusion, the mitophagy-related risk score provides a novel perspective for survival and drug selection during the individual treatment of EC patients. TOMM40 serves as an oncogene in EC and promotes tumor progression via a mitophagy-related pathway. Thus, TOMM40 is a potential therapeutic target in EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Sun
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Gynecologic Oncology Key Laboratory of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhou
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Gynecologic Oncology Key Laboratory of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Tong Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Gynecologic Oncology Key Laboratory of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Yao Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Gynecologic Oncology Key Laboratory of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Lina Wei
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Gynecologic Oncology Key Laboratory of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Ziyi Qiu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Gynecologic Oncology Key Laboratory of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Chunping Qiu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- Gynecologic Oncology Key Laboratory of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
| | - Jie Jiang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- Gynecologic Oncology Key Laboratory of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
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23
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Yin Y, Shen H. Melatonin ameliorates acute lung injury caused by paraquat poisoning by promoting PINK1 and BNIP3 expression. Toxicology 2023; 490:153506. [PMID: 37028639 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Paraquat (PQ) poisoning can result in multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, mainly manifesting as acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome. No specific cure exists for PQ poisoning. However, by scavenging mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), the damage-associated molecular pattern during PQ poisoning, mitophagy can ameliorate the downstream inflammatory pathways activated by mtDNA. Melatonin (MEL), however, can promote the expression of PINK1 and BNIP3, which are key proteins involved in mitophagy. In this study, we first explored whether MT could reduce PQ-induced acute lung injury by affecting mitophagy in animal models, and then, we studied the specific mechanism associated with this process through in vitro experiments. We also evaluated MEL intervention in the PQ group, while inhibiting the expression of PINK1 and BNIP3, to further determine whether the protective effects of MEL are associated with its effect on mitophagy. We found that when the expression of PINK1 and BNIP3 was inhibited, MEL intervention could not reduce mtDNA leakage and the release of inflammatory factors caused by PQ exposure, suggesting that the protective effect of MEL was blocked. These results suggest that by promoting the expression of PINK1 and BNIP3 and activating mitophagy, MEL can reduce mtDNA/TLR9-mediated acute lung injury during PQ poisoning. The results of this study could provide guidance for the clinical treatment of PQ poisoning to reduce associated mortality.
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Koustas E, Trifylli EM, Sarantis P, Papadopoulos N, Papanikolopoulos K, Aloizos G, Damaskos C, Garmpis N, Garmpi A, Matthaios D, Karamouzis MV. Exploiting Autophagy-Dependent Neoantigen Presentation in Tumor Microenvironment. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:474. [PMID: 36833401 PMCID: PMC9956312 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy constitutes a well-known homeostatic and catabolic process that is responsible for degradation and recycling of cellular components. It is a key regulatory mechanism for several cellular functions, whereas its dysregulation is associated with tumorigenesis, tumor-stroma interactions and resistance to cancer therapy. A growing body of evidence has proven that autophagy affects the tumor microenvironment, while it is also considered a key factor for function of several immune cells, such as APCs, T-cells, and macrophages. Moreover, it is implicated in presentation of neo-antigens of tumor cells in both MHC-I and MHC-II in dendritic cells (DCs) in functional activity of immune cells by creating T-cell memory, as well as in cross-presentation of neo-antigens for MHC-I presentation and the internalization process. Currently, autophagy has a crucial role in immunotherapy. Emergence of cancer immunotherapy has already shown some remarkable results, having changed therapeutic strategy in clinical practice for several cancer types. Despite these promising long-term responses, several patients seem to lack the ability to respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Thus, autophagy through neo-antigen presentation is a potential target in order to strengthen or attenuate the effects of immunotherapy against different types of cancer. This review will shed light on the recent advances and future directions of autophagy-dependent neo-antigen presentation and consequently its role in immunotherapy for malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Koustas
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- First Department of Internal Medicine, 417 Army Equity Fund Hospital, 11521 Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni-Myrto Trifylli
- First Department of Internal Medicine, 417 Army Equity Fund Hospital, 11521 Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Sarantis
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Papadopoulos
- First Department of Internal Medicine, 417 Army Equity Fund Hospital, 11521 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Georgios Aloizos
- First Department of Internal Medicine, 417 Army Equity Fund Hospital, 11521 Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Damaskos
- ‘N.S. Christeas’ Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Renal Transplantation Unit, ‘Laiko’ General Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Garmpis
- Second Department of Propaedeutic Surgery, ‘Laiko’ General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Anna Garmpi
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Michalis V. Karamouzis
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
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25
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Mitophagy Effects of Protodioscin on Human Osteosarcoma Cells by Inhibition of p38MAPK Targeting NIX/LC3 Axis. Cells 2023; 12:cells12030395. [PMID: 36766737 PMCID: PMC9913878 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Protodioscin (PD) is a steroidal saponin with various pharmacological activities, including neuro-protective, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor activities. However, the effect of PD on human osteosarcoma (OS) cells is unclear. In this study, we found that PD significantly inhibits the growth of human HOS and 143B OS cells through the upregulation of apoptotic-related proteins (cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9, and cleaved PARP) and mitophagy-related proteins (LC3B and NIX), which contribute to the induction of apoptosis, and MMP (mitochondrial membrane potential) dysfunction and mitophagy. The inhibition of LC3 or NIX was shown to decrease apoptosis and mitophagy in PD-treated OS cells. The knockdown of p38MAPK by siRNA decreased mitochondrial dysfunction, autophagy, mitophagy, and the NIX/LC3B expression in the PD-treated OS cells. A binding affinity analysis revealed that the smaller the KD value (-7.6 Kcal/mol and -8.9 Kcal/mol, respectively), the greater the binding affinity in the PD-NIX and PD-LC3 complexes. These findings show the inhibitory effects of PD-induced mitophagy in human OS cells and may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for human OS, by targeting the NIX/LC3 pathways.
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